OPERATIONS RESEARCH

Unit I
Framing Linear Programming Problem (LPP)
1) A Company produces three products P, Q, R from three raw materials A, B & C. 1
unit of product P requires 2 units of A & 3 units of product B.1 unit of product Q
requires 2 units of B and 5 units of C & 1unit of product R requires 3 units of A, 2
units of B and 4 units of C.the company has 8 units of material A, 10 units of material
B and 15 units of material C available to it. Profits per unit of P, Q & R are Rs 3, Rs
5 and Rs 4 respectively. Formulate the problem into a linear programming problem.
2) Vitamins V&W are found in two different foods F1 & F2. One unit of food F1
contains 2 units of vitamin V and 3 units of vitamin W. One unit of food F2 contains
6 units of vitamin V and 3 units of vitamin W. One unit of food F1 & F2 cost Rs 3 &
Rs 5 respectively. The minimum daily requirements of vitamin V & W is 40 & 50
respectively. Assume that anything in excess of minimum daily requirements of
vitamin V &W is not harmful. Find at the optimal mixture of food F1 &F2 at the
minimum cost which means the daily minimum requirement vitamin V&W.
3) A Company manufactures two type of products A&B and sells at a profit of Rs 2 on
type A & Rs 3 on type B.Each product is processed on two machines M1&M2.The
type A requires 1 minute processing time on M1 & 2 minutes on M2 whereas type B
requires 1 minute on M1 & 1 minute on M2.M1 is available for not more than 6
hours & 40 minutes, while M2 is available for 10 hours during any working date.
Formulate this as an LPP.
4) A company is making 2 products A&B.The cost of producing 1 unit of product A&B
is Rs 60 &Rs 80 .As per the agreement the company has to supply at least 200 units
of product B to its regular customer.1 unit of product A requires 1 machine hour
where as product B has 2 machine hrs available. Total machine hrs available is 400
hrs. Formulate the problem as LPP.
5) A Company has two plants each of which produces and supplies two products
A&B.The plants can each work up to 16 hrs a day. In plant 1 it takes 3 hrs to prepare
& pack 1000 gallons of A & 1 hr to prepare and pack 1 quintal of B.In plant 2 it takes
2 hrs to prepare & packs 1000 gallons of A &1.5 hrs to prepare &pack a quintal of
B.In plant 1 it costs Rs 15,000 to prepare &pack 1000 gallons of A&Rs 28,000 to
prepare &pack a quintal of B.where as these costs are Rs 18,000 &Rs 26,000
respectively in plant two. The company is obliged to produce daily at least 10,000
gallons of A & 8 quintals of B.Formulate this as LPP.
6) Evening shift resident doctors in a govt hospital work 5 consecutive days & have 2
consecutive days off. Their 5 days of work can start on any day of a week and the
schedule rotates indefinitely. The hospital requires minimum number of doctors
working
Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday
35 55 60 50 60 50 45
No more than 40 doctors can start their 5 working days on the same day. Formulate
a general LPP model to minimize the number of doctors employed by the hospital.
7) An animal feed company must produce 200 kg of a mixture consisting of ingredients
X1 & X2 daily.X1 cost Rs 3 per kg & X2 cost Rs 8 per kg.Not more than 80 kg of x1
can be used & at least 60 kg of X2 must be used. Formulate this to LPP.
8) A firm manufactures 2 products A & B.Production takes place in two departments. A
is produced in department 1 and B is produced in department 2.It sells them on
weekly basis. The weekly production cannot exceed 25 units of A & 35 units of
B.The firm regularly employs total of 60 workers.1 unit of A requires 2 workers &
 each unit of B requires 1.The unit profit of A & B are respectively Rs 60 &Rs
40.Formulate this as LPP.
9) The Lotus Company during the festival season combines two factors A & B to form a
gift pack which must weight 5Kg. At least 2Kg of A and not more than 4Kg of B
should be used. The net profit contribution to the company is Rs5 per Kg for A and
Rs.6 per Kg for B. Formulate into a LPP
10) Nithin manufactures hockey sticks and chess sets. The profit per hockey stick and
chess set are Rs2 and Rs5 respectively. A hockey stick requires 4 hours of processing
at machine A and 2 hours at machine B. A chess set requires 6 at machine A, 6 at
machine B and one hour at machine C. Machine A has a maximum of 120hoius,
machine B has 72hours and machine C has 10hours available capacity per day.
Formulate the above into a LPP
11) A company produces two types of leather belts say A & B. Belt A is of superior
quality and belt B is inferior. Profits on the two are 40 &30 Paisa per belt
respectively. Each belt of type A requires twice as much time as required by belt B. If
all the belts were of type B, the company could produce 1000 belts per day. But the
supply of leather is sufficient only for 800 belts per day (both A and B). Belt A
requires a fancy buckle and only 400 of them are available per day. For belt B only
700 buckles are available. Formulate the above problem in the form of LPP
12) Cycle Trends, Inc. is introducing two new lightweight bicycle frames, the Deluxe and
the Professional, to be made from special aluminum and steel alloys. The anticipated
unit profits are $10 for the Deluxe and $15 for the Professional. The number of
pounds of each alloy needed per frame is given below
Aluminum Alloy Steel Alloy
Deluxe 2 3
Professional 4 2
A supplier delivers 100 pounds of the aluminum alloy and 80 pounds of the steel alloy
weekly. Frame the above problem as LPP.
13) Consider a small plant which makes two types of automobile parts say A and B. It
buys castings that are machined, bored and polished. The capacity of machining is
25per hour for A and 24 per hour for B, capacity of boring is 28 per hour for A and 35
per hour for B and the capacity of polishing is 35per hour for A and 25 per hour for B.
Castings for part A cost Rs2 and sell fro Rs5 each and those for part B cost Rs3 and
sell fro Rs6 each. Assuming that any combination of parts A and B can be sold.
Formulate this problem as an LPP model to determine the product mix which
maximizes profit
14) A manufacturing company is engaged in producing three types of products A, B&C.
The production department daily produces components sufficient to make 50 units of
A, 25 units of B and 30 units of C. The management is confronted with the problem
of optimizing the daily production of products in assembly department where only
100 man hours are available daily to assemble the products. The following additional
information is available
Type of product Profit Contribution Assembly time
Per unit of product (Rs) per product (Rs)
A 12 0.8
B 20 1.7
C 45 2.5
The company has a daily order commitment for 20 units of product A & a total of
15 units of B and C products. Formulate this problem as a LP model
15) The mighty Silver Ball Company manufactures three kinds of pinball machines, each
requiring a different manufacturing technique. The super Deluxe Machine requires 17
hours of labor, 8 hours of testing and yields a profit of Rs300. The Silver Ball Special
requires 10 hours of labor, 4 hours of testing and yields a profit of Rs200. The
Bumper King requires 2 hours of labor, 2 hours of testing and yields a profit of
Rs100. There are 100 hours of labor and 500 hours of testing available. In addition a
marketing forecast has shown that the demand for the super deluxe is no more than 50
machines, demand for the silver Ball no more than 80 an d demand for Bumper King
no mare than 150. Formulate the above as a LPP
16) A ship is to carry 3 types of liquid cargo- X, Y & Z. There are 3000 liters of X, 2000
liters of Y and 1500 liters of Z available. Each liter of X, Y & Z sold fetches a profit
of Rs30, Rs35, and Rs40 respectively. The ship has 3 cargo holds- A, B & C of
capacities 2000, 2500 & 3000 liters respectively. From stability consideration it is
same proportion. Formulate the problem of loading the ship as a LPP
17) A firm manufactures two products A & B. Production takes place in 2 departments. A
is produced in department I & B is in department II. It sells them on weekly basis.
The weekly production can not exceed 25 units of A and 35 units of B. The firm
regularly employs a total of 60 workers. One unit of A requires 2 man-weeks of labor
& each unit of B requires one man week of labor. The unit profit of A & B are
respectively Rs60 & Rs40. Formulate this as a LPP
18) Anita electric company produces 2 products P1 & P2 that are produced and sold on a
weekly basis. The production cannot exceed 25 units for product P1 and 35 units for
product P2 because of limited available facilities. The company employs a total of 60
workers. Product P1 requires 2 man weeks of labor where P2 requires only one. Profit
margin on P1 is Rs60 & on P2 is Rs40. Formulate it as a LPP and solve it through
graphical method for maximum profit
19) A media specialist plans to allocate advertising expenditure in 3 media whose unit
costs of a message are Rs1500, Rs1250 & Rs1000 respectively. The total advertising
budget available for the year is Rs50000. The 1st medium is monthly magazine and it
is desired to advertise not more than once in one issue. At least 5 advertisements
should appear in the 2nd medium and the number of advertisements in the 3 rd medium
should strictly lie between 6 and 10. The effective audience for unit advertisement in
3 media is given below
Media: 1 2 3
Expected effective audience: 5000 40000 25000 Formulate the above as a
LPP to find the optimum allocation of advertisements in 3 media that would
maximize the total effective
20) A manufacturer produces 2 different models X & Y of the same production. The raw
materials P & Q are required for production. At least 18Kg of R and 12Kf of Q must
be used daily. Also at most 34 hours of labor are to be utilized. 2Kg of R are needed
for each model X & one Kg of R for each model Y, for each model X & Y one Kg of
Q is required. It takes 3hrs to manufacture a model X and 2 hrs to manufacture model
Y. Formulate the above problem as LPP
21) A company sells 2 different products A & B making a profit of Rs40 & Rs30 per unit
on them respectively. They are produces in a common production process and are sold
in 2 different markets. The production process has a total capacity of 3000 man hours.
It takes 3 hours to produce a unit of A and one hour to produce a unit of B. The
market has been surveyed and company officials feel that the maximum number of
units of A that can be sold is 8000 units and that of B is 12000 units. Subject to these
limitations products can be sold in any combination. Formulate as a LPP.
22) An automobile manufacturer produces mopeds and scooters each of which must be
processed through two departments manufacturing (M) and assembling (A). The
weekly availability of processing times in the M & A department are respectively
180hrs & 120hrs. Producing a moped requires 4hrs in the department M and 6hrs in
the department A while a motor scooter requires 10hrs in the department M and 3hrs
in the department A. If the profit per unit for a moped is Rs2500 & for scooter is
Rs5500. Using simplex method to determine optimal number of mopeds and scooters
to be manufactured.
23) A production of a certain chemical mixture should contain 80mg chlorides, 4mg
nitrates & 6mg sulphate per gram. The company can use two substances and a base
(Assume this is costless). Substances X contains 8mg chlorides, 4mg nitrates and 6mg
sulphates per gram. A substance Y contains 10mg chloride, 2mg nitrates, and 2Mg
sulphates. Both substances cost Rs20 per gram. It is required to produce the mixture
using substances X & Y so that the cost is minimized. Formulate the problem as LPP
24) A firm manufactures 3 products A, B & C. Their profits per unit are Rs300, Rs200
&Rs400 respectively. The firm has two machines and the required processing time in
minutes on each machine for each product is given in the following table
Product
Machines A B C
1 4 3 5
2 2 2 4 Machines 1 &2 have 2000 and 2500
machine minutes respectively. The upper limits for the production volumes of the
product A, B & C are 100 units, 200 units & 50 units. But the firm must produce a
minimum of 50 units of the product A.
i. Develop a LPP model for this manufacturing situation to determine the
production volume of each product such that the total profit is
maximized
ii. Solve it optimally.
25) A manufacturer produces 2 different models X & Y of the same production. The raw
materials P & Q are required fro production. At least 18Kg of R and 12Kf of Q must
be used daily. Also at most 34 hours of labor are to be utilized. 2Kg of R are needed
for each model A & one Kg of R for each model Y’ For each model X & Y one Kg of
Q is required. It takes 3hrs to manufacture a model X and 2 hrs to manufacture model
Y. Formulate the above problem as LPP
Solve the following LPP using graphical method
1. Solve the following LPP using graphical method
Max Z = 3x1 + 2x2 Subject to the constrains
x1 + x2 ≤ 4
x1 - x2 ≤ 2
x1, x2 > 0.
2. Max Z = 21 +x2
x1+2x2≤ 10;
x1+x2 ≤6
x1-x2 ≤2
x1-2x2≤ 1
x1, x2 ≥ 0
3. Max Z = 2x+3y Subject to the constrains
x+y 400
 2x+y600
x, y 0
4. Min Z = 3x+2.5y Subject to the constrains
2x+4y 40
3x+2y 50
x+y 0
x, y0
5. Min Z = 3x+8y Subject to the constrains
x 80
y60
x+y=200
x,y 0
6. Max Z = 60x+40y Subject to the constrains
x25
y35
2x+y = 60
X ,y0
7. Max Z = 10x+15y Subject to the constrains
2x+ya 26
2x+4y 56
x-y -5
x, y 0
8. Max Z = 3x-y Subject to the constrains
5x+4y 200
3x+5y 150
5x+4y 100
8x+4y 80
x, y 0
9. Maximize Z= 6x1+4x2 Subject to
-2x1+x2  2
x1+x2  2
3x1+2x2  9
x1, x2  0
10. Max Z = 3x – y Subject to the constrains
2x+y  2
x+3y  3
y4
x,y 0