Unit 1- Scales of measurement (page 14), qualitative,

quantitative data

Unit 3- Summarizing quantitative data

Unit 4- Summarizing qualitative data

Unit 5- Stem and leaf, exploratory data analysis

Unit 6,7- Ratio, proportion, rate

Unit 8-Measures of location

Unit p- Percentiles, exploratory data analysis

Unit 10- Measures of variability

Unit 11- Distribution shape and properties

Unit 12- Heterogenous populations

Which of the following statement is true?

- A stratifying variable is always qualitative

- A stratifying variable is always quantitative
- A stratifying variable is either qualitative or quantitative
- A stratifying variable must be measured on ratio scale

The standard deviation is …

- the square root of the variance

- the square root of the coefficient of variation
- always smaller than the variance
- none of the above is true

If a test was generally very easy, except for a few students who had very low scores, then the
distribution of scores would be …
 - positively skewed (= skewed to the right)
- negatively skewed (= skewed to the left)
- not skewed at all
- normally distributed

The mean of distribution is 23, the median is 24, and the mode is 25. It is most likely that this
distribution is …

- negatively skewed (= skewed to the left)

- positively skewed (= skewed to the right)
- symmetrical
- asymptotic

Which of the following is NOT a measure of variability?

- Interquartile range
- Variance
- Standard deviation
- All of the above are measures of variability

The weights (in pounds) of a sample of 36 individuals were recorded and the following
statistics were calculated: mean = 160, range = 60, mode = 165, variance = 324, median =
170. The coefficient of variation equals to …

- 0.1125%
- 11.25%
- 203.12%
- 0.2031%

A coefficient of skewness of -2.73 wascomputed for a set of data. We conclude that …

- the mean is larger than the median

- the median is larger than the mean
- the standard deviation is a negative number
- something is wrong because the coefficient of skewness cannot be less than -1.00

Given the following information, standard deviatin = 8, coefficient of variation = 64%, the
mean must be equal to …

- 12.5
- 8
- 0.64
- 1.25
The variance is …

- the difference between the largest and smallest date values

- the difference between the third quartile and the first quartile
- the average of squared differences between each data value and the mean
- the positive square root of average of the squared differences between each data value
and the mean

The average annual income in Medina was 63 000 USD in 2019. Joe’s income was 80 000
USD that year. Joe’s Z-score …

- is zero
- is positive
- is negative
- this is not enough information to determine the sign of the Z-score

This is the formula of …

- z score for sample

- skewness of population
- variance for population
- standard deviation for sample

Which of the following statement/s is/are true?

- the median is always equal to the mean.

- the median is less than the mean if the distribution is right skewed.
- the median is less than the mean if the distribution is left skewed.
- the median is a measure of central location.

The median of the first ten positive integers is

- 5,5

If n is the number of observations, the position of the pth percentile

- i = (p/100)n

Which of the following statement/s is/are NOT true?

- the second quartile is equal to the median.

- the third quartile is equal to the 33rd percentile.
 - the first quartile is equal to the 25th percentile.
- the median is not equal to any of the percentiles.

The box plot is a mean of detecting

- outliers

The ____ of a data set is the value that occurs with greatest frequency

- mode

What is the definition of an outlier?

- value(s) outside the normal range

The lower limit is located

- 1.5 x interquartile range below Q1

A student discovers that his grade on a recent test was at the 82nd percentile. If 90 students
wrote the test, then approximately how many students received a higher grade than he did?

- 16

In computing descriptive statistics from grouped data

- data values are treated as if they occurred at the class midpoints.

What are the main benefits of stratification?

- It provides a better estimation of population parameters, if only a sample is available.

- It permits a more detailed description of the phenomenon of interest.
- It can be used to verify the data.
- The pattern of relationship between the variable of interest and the stratifying
variables can be assessed.

The composite rate can be calculated as …

- a weighted arithmetic mean or as a weighted quadratic mean of staratum-specific

rates.
- a weighted geometric mean or as a weighted arithmetic mean of staratum-specific
rates.
- a weighted harmonic mean or as a weighted arithmetic means of staratum-specific
rates.
- a weighted arithmetic mean or as a weighted quadratic mean of staratum-specific
rates.
If compositional data about the current time period is given, the composite temporal ratio can
be calculated by the weighted ….

- harmonic mean.

What was the population change between 2010 and 2021? (Composite index 2021/2010)

- 1,053

For which locality type(s) did the population proportion decrease?

- Capital and also other town population share (people living in the capital and in other
towns as percentage of the total population) decreased between 2010 and 2021.

There are more girls than boys in a group. The girls' average monthly expenditure on food is
only 300 euros but the boys' average expenditure on food is 390 euros. How much could the
overall average spending be?

- 340

The table provides information on theater-goings in Hungary in the capital and in other cities.
How much is the theater-goings per 100 heads in Hungary?

- 75
This is the formula of the

- weighted arithmetic mean.

If we are interested in the overall students per teacher ratio, we should calculate the

- weighted harmonic mean

The overall temporal ratio can be calculated by ...

- the weighted arithmetic or the weighted harmonic mean.

The numerator of a ratio is…

- the object of comparison

The Return On Equity (ROE), i.e. net income over shareholder equity is …

- a rate.

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

- For any quantity A, the temporal ratio AT/A0 can be calculated as the product of the
corresponding T one-period ratios,
- A ratio is a way of comparing the magnitude of two numbers or quantities.
 - Proportions are used for expressing part-to-whole relationships, whereby a part of a
quantity is compared against the total quantity.
- Rates are used for establishing a proportional relationship between numbers or
quantities exactly of the same kinds

Unemployment rate (unemployed over the sum of unemployed and employed)

- is a proportion.

Which of the following indicators is NOT a rate?

- The peak of energy consumption in a month.

- Share of female employees in a company.

What is the basis of comparison in this graph?

- value for 2008

The Percentage frequency column of this table is a ...

- proportion

We can calculate the monthly GDP growth in the US between January and June 2021 by
multiplying the values. What is the equivalent formula according to the chain rule?

- US GDP 2021 June / US GDP 2021 January

The GDP growth in the US between January and June 2021 is

- 3%

A(n) ____________ is used for establishing a direct proportional relationship between

numbers or quantities of different kinds.

- rate

Relative frequencies can be determined

- at any level of measurement.

A pie chart is a graphical device for

- depicting qualitative data.

The ogive is …

- a line graph of cumulative distribution.

In a frequency distribution the approximate class width is …

- the data range over the number of classes.

The scale of measurement of the gender variable of this data set is...

 - nominal

Choose the quantitative variable(s).

- weight

What is the meaning of the rows in this dataset?

- Observations
respondents of a survey

The histogram on the picture is

 - right skewed.

What is the advantage of stem-and-leaf display compared to the histogram?

- It shows the actual data values.

A qualitative variable

- can be either numeric or non-numeric.

The ratio, expressing part-to-whole relationships ...

- a proportion

What is a proportional relationship?

- If A changes by 1 unit, B is expected to change by 1 unit

In the formula of a ratio V = A/B

- A = the object of comparison, B = basis of comparison

Which ratio is used for establishing proportional relationship between numbers of quantities
of different kinds?

- rate

The mean calculated by group date …

- can be either less than or equal to or greater than the mean

The median of the first ten positive integers is …

- 5.5

The box plot is a mean of detecting …

 - The third quartile is equal to 33rd percentile
- The median is not equal to any of the percentiles

The ___ of a data set is the value in the middle if an odd number of data items are arranged
in. ascending order

- median

What is the interquartile range (IQR)?

- The difference between the first and third quartiles

What is not the median?

- The most frequent value

The measure of annual income and property value data is most often reported in the …

- 50th percentile

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