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‫‪OL‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

‫‪8M ED U "'B L


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fine-tuned universe‬‬
‫ﺑﻞ إﻧﻨﺎ ﻧﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺻﻔﺎت اﻟﺨﺎﻟﻖ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻔﻜﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻗﺎﺗﻪ‪:‬‬
‫ﺳﻨﺸﺎﻫﺪ اﻟﺤﻜﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻗﺎﺗﻪ واﺳﺘﻐﻼق أﻓﻬﺎﻣﻨﺎ‬
‫ﻣﻬﻤﺎ ﺑﻠﻎ ﺑﻨﺎ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻓﻬﻮ اﻟﺤﻜﻴﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﺳﻨﺸﺎﻫﺪ اﻟﺨﺒﺮة ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ دق وﺻﻐﺮ ﻓﻬﻮ اﻟﺨﺒﻴﺮ‪.‬‬
‫ﺳﻨﺸﺎﻫﺪ اﻟﻘﻮة ﺣﺘﻰ ﻓﻲ ﻗﻠﺐ ﻧﻮاة اﻟﺬرة ﻓﻬﻮ اﻟﻘﻮي‪.‬‬
‫ﺳﻨﺸﺎﻫﺪ اﻟﺠﻤﺎل ﻓﻲ ﻧﺪﻓﺔ اﻟﺜﻠﺞ وﻟﻮن اﻟﺰﻫﺮة وﺻﻮت‬
‫اﻟﻌﺼﻔﻮر ﺣﺘﻰ ﺷﻜﻞ اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺻﺎغ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ اﻟﻜﻮن ﻓﻬﻮ اﻟﻤﺼﻮر اﻟﺒﺪﻳﻊ‪.‬‬
‫ﺳﻨﺸﺎﻫﺪ ﻫﺪاﻳﺔ اﻟﺮﺿﻴﻊ إﻟﻰ ﻃﻌﺎﻣﻪ وﻏﺮﻳﺰة اﻷم إﻟﻰ اﻟﺤﻨﻮ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ وﻟﻴﺪﻫﺎ ﻓﻬﻮ اﻟﻬﺎدي‪.‬‬
‫ﺳﻨﺸﺎﻫﺪ اﻟﺤﻴﺎة واﻟﺤﺮﻛﺔ ﻓﻲ أدق اﻟﺠﺴﻴﻤﺎت وﻓﻲ أﻋﻈﻢ‬
‫اﻷﻓﻼك ﻓﻬﻮ اﻟﻤﺤﻴﻲ‪.‬‬
‫ﺳﻨﺸﺎﻫﺪ اﻹﺗﻘﺎن واﻟﻤﻌﺎﻳﺮة اﻟﺪﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن ﻳﺴﻴﺮ ﺑﻪ‬
‫اﻟﻮﺟﻮد ﻓﻬﻮ اﻟﻌﻠﻴﻢ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺳﻨﺸﺎﻫﺪ اﻟﺤﻔﻆ ﻟﻜﻞ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدات ﺑﻤﺎ ﻳﻜﻔﻞ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻗﺪر ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺗﻌﻴﺶ ﺑﻪ ﻓﻬﻮ اﻟﺤﺎﻓﻆ‪.‬‬
‫ﺳﻨﺸﺎﻫﺪ ﺗﺪﺑﻴﺮ اﻷﻗﻮات واﻷرزاق ﻟﻜﻞ ﻛﺎﺋﻦ ﺑﻘﺪره ﻓﻬﻮ اﻟﺮزاق‪.‬‬
‫ﺳﻨﺸﺎﻫﺪ أﻧﻪ ﺧﻠﻖ اﻟﻮﺟﻮد ﻛﻠﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺎﻣﺔ واﺣﺪة‪-‬اﻟﻬﻴﺠﺰات‬
‫اﻷوﻟﻰ‪ -‬ﻓﻬﻮ اﻟﻮاﺣﺪ اﻷﺣﺪ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ ‫‪OM‬‬

‫ ‪,5  0 / *'  &; : ED 2VK =( WN' /M .B8 R‬‬
‫‪^ ="&H ,C'i # #*V e," ^ R 
V_ *  R fH / e "&H‬‬

‪ u V / ="& E;/ +F = ,5 / #*H 8 C'i # &'  =" N‬‬
‫‪ &'   0 
 +(  ,C'i # &'  R * _ ^ 2 /‬‬
‫‪_V/‬‬
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‫ ‪="& 5 =" N
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‫ﺍﻵﻥ ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺑﻴﻨ‪‬ﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺩﺓ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻹﳝﺎﻥ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺓ ﻋﻘﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﻣﻨﻄﻘﻴﺔ‪،‬‬


‫ﻧﻄﺮﺡ ﺃﻭﱃ ﺑ‪‬ﻨﻴ‪‬ﺎﺕ ﺍﻹﳊﺎﺩ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ ﺑﺼﺪﻓﻮﻳﺔ ﻧﺸﺄﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻥ ﺭﺩ‪‬ﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺒﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
ON ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

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‫ﺗﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﳋﺎﻟﻖ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺭ ﺍﳊﻜﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﻧﻊ ﺍﳌﺪﺑﺮ ﺧﺎﻟﻖ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻮﺩ‪،‬‬
‫ﺗﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﲎ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻭﻏﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻭﺟﻮﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﻛﻞ ﺃﻓﻌﺎﻟﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺳﻔﺎﻫﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ ﺑﺎﻟﺼﺪﻓﺔ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ 

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+ ^ #&  &/ " Ludwig Wittgenstein 
 - i H d'H  e "

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2 Wittganstein, L., Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, p183.
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ 6

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+   '! M W( + & 8 ,'K { ( R 1 !p = ,'K


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‫ ﳚﻤﻞ ﺑﻨﺎ‬،‫ﻭﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺑﻄﻠﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ ﺑﺼﺪﻓﻮﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻥ ﻭﺃﺯﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﱂ‬


.‫ﺃﻥ ﻧﻌﺮﺝ ﺍﻵﻥ ﺇﱃ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﻳﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﻟﻠﻜﻮﻥ ﳊﻈﺔ ﺍﳋﻠﻖ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ‬

1 Introduction..The Unity of the Universe. N.Y., Doubleday


..Dennis William Sciama...introduction.
2 Henry Margentau, Roy A. Vargesse. Cosmos, Bios, Theos.
La Salle IL: Open Court Publishing,1992. 241
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ K

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4 cosmic egg '  P'! /   lB  8 !
+ =!B
 +F " :Stephen Hawking ‚ (8 V'  '*- 16
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/ 8M '> R W(  { 0T F  ˜0 0  +  .
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1 space.mit.edu/home/tegmark/multiverse.pdf
2http://www.edge.org/3rd_culture/smolin_susskind04/smolin_
susskind.html
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‫ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﻓﻘﻂ ﰲ ﺣﺒﺔ ﻏﹸﺒﺎﺭ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗﻲ ﻓﺮﺍﻍ ﺗـﺎﻡ؟‬
="/ R L   ( ' +a  8 =- ~ ?T @U   +F
•88 +  ='-  uN
? '  @U   LT =< * 
4 '6
s'V 2,V 
'
: 5F 16 -& |!D 8 H_
: 5$8 &'  
: ^ /M *H
5"< 2
Y   T  5! X /
8 ,5&k j K: C' 8
: @: F8
!5 TB  \8
"'B L
& *  2J0 1 8   ( R '  W > `^Y 8
=>
* / W$ =(8 ,   +s ^8 L' T K =( u' ˆ' |!P8
Cosmological I  W>  W > A ‰8T8 5 g  Ls &/
… #$ VK …ŸŒ 5'
VK / Js0 / =B 5 'B WV <  ? constant
0T =>/ '> J1- W > / 'p8 ,5( +  T{^   /
{F , 448 LT #  =>/8 L  #  =>/8 + 8r  ( =>/8 ,J +'p
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ 5P

F 5&! N
+ ^ ED +gF ,+  *3 / ^F8 
 & |!Z8 "'B L
&/
fine tuning of  A8 fine tuning of the universe 
 &
4
 E
7  ]'8 J
s'V E
7  J
s'V F W< the universe
`^Y Z /   5NV SV
? 1"'" e\)  
#&  \ ^F "!
^8 ,. _ |!Z8 ED 8T W!> 1  M8 6"
4ˆ! R ˆ! * 'P 8 'P" = 8
@ @ñ…†Èn½a@æaì×þa
+ (  08 L, SQH ,+  "'B L
& e\F @/8
?  ;i/ A8 2^ ^ + " * ' /   ( *3 * 
{ ^ L& /
= *  ,'"; 8 '"&8 'H&8 '& J;<M 2- 
!ƒ  ' 
,1 5&B /  Or
8 V'  ./ AT  R s (8 T-
T `Q&

]' "  44 
 & '˜ &H & ” +   WV- ( gF" :e "'H
4"L& / + ( 8 #'U E< /F 44 ' $ 
'NV ^F t//

1 If you discovered a really impressive fine-tuning ... I think


you'd really be left with only two explanations: a benevolent
designer or a multiverse4
VOICES OF SCIENCE... Richard -Dawkins -Steven-
Weinberg -Lawrence-Krauss-PZ-Myers-David-Buss.
5O ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

@ @Z‫אنא*) !د('ل‬,‫א א‬%&


‫دא‬$ ‫و‬
=' 5
^ 1"
s'H '/ SH  L& / + (  08 SQH :E(
W
!8 10  >'/ 8 1!
 8 1"
r/F
+ A &/ *H ;5/D  @ "
8 = e "  #
 =" + (8
  " +gF ,1"& N / A&! N
^8 1"
s'H ' SV #
="&
,¤/  '"
s'H ' LH e !B / ./ ^ +gF ,2'6T8 &' ^ L'*/:
!!!  
 ED F * !N   SQ&
F8
!!5" !'( ./ 8 2';& ./ WN'8  
 ED ./  -H
./ + ( 8 ,  ( =!B + ( 2!$F −'˜ !
 – '˜ "
r/F =' N
:q S
particle horizon #'N  EH: s0 N

 KT /M  +M ;  (
4'˜ 6
s'H ‰ / / 8
<Y + ( 8   ( ./ <Y + (  0  uN ^ 

  2'Z
 : ?W  S
8 main Hamiltonian ]V .! ' + ( / >(  08 +M ;  ( =!B
4orthagonality theorm  ¤"!7 '˜ Z
T ‰ /
NV
: ^8 ,ezN  C'
^ q<: + (  08 @ 8  08 : 9W '
   ( + T _
 AT R  + - ,   "'B L
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, 1/T: ? −s –   =>/
/ 8 + ( 
+ + 7N! / 5 +8T _
#{ #* ,−L/ =( R
5  > =/( E'B l' 8 #U / =- '6 -& 2'/ '
, &
=>/  ” E'B l'  tg + +8T _
#{   ;D8 ,'6
s'V
'
, + #* ,,>/
   #B #*&'0 + 
8 . / a l 1/T 
+
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ 5

,-/ ' ( W $  0  uN "'B V'  L/ =(  2'/


2V'  1B  §V8 2V'  A 2!$ q<:M -8
,2'/ '
, / "'B V'  '  W > / W$ =H ,'_
A B8 ,2V'  A J" = ,CNH 2V'  R 'P" WN'8
42V' 
E!N ) P&/ = W  LH 1 L&  + (M LH8
y  + SQV =( 1*H fine tuning of the universe 
 &   
"!7 + ( ¦¡¡n …¡ q<M + (M 2 '
 2 '
 2 '

#  .B  R  − #'U& #'_  − '<M 5 ( R ‚ (8 V' N
+ (M 2 '
 2 '
 2 '
  ,PH   ( 'p <Y + ( ? *-
4q<M
WB  ./ T =    ;
 & E!N #'_  -/ =
^  +F #$
4 J
s'V @  @" ./ E 'VNH 2^“N ƒ;

&!8 -8 i R 


p 'ZH  @B) g :eJN
+ J8
  |"H ,'ZV t ( K R @  n'8 T! <^8 C
  
?"' 'VNH 2^“N ƒ; 1    ( 2';&/ / 8*

  T ' e>/ / LV t  ' 2'  J q

 B ( .0
tg R C!N8 ,'˜ "; /8 '˜  =' N/  <Y + ( KT +
t / HN/ _B 8 the particle horizon #'N  EH:  `&
: 
+   + 
K =_ + / 1 8 2/ & = 1  2'N 
EH: OT<   
 <Y + ( ?8 ,'6 P 2 N 2T'/  / *  B
4 the particle horizon #'N 
55 ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

8 KT =' N
#'N  EHM "!7 L&  + (M 'ZH + 8
+M – ?U  ? #& L6 OT< OD {ŽH , 08 T! <  
'ZH F e  8 −  8 T! <^8 K  #& R 
8s  
4 T7)  OT< OD ^ 'VNH
cosmologist George Ellis ]'F OT 0 2'  # e "
8
#& L6 =< 0 ^8 ,@ & / WN' L&  + (M 'ZH +
4 VNV T7F R F8
P

  '"
s'H ' 
? :+ 
B
 ;T eB ( 5 8!
8
4 '˜ "
s'H '/ lNV

R KB8 56
s'H ' B R 9  l D
+ ( KT F 0  F #$
E 2^\F ƒ;
8 s' +  58    DV   ,5 ';&/
A = + (M A O8< =!B + ( = E'B #'_  / ^ gF '>
+ (M LH + ‚ (8 V'  T"
#'U& #'_  5 ( 1VH 2';&
4 
i  s/ LH 1 L& 
* ' B F O  8 
i -/ ' L& / + ( ‰F '&H
* - R G V T 1  KD '6
s'V *  $8 ,q<M 1 KD
+ (M A* =8 ,2 2 '
 2 '
 2 '
   $ * U8
+ l-  T 1 8 ?@:M +     
 k/ #$ , "@: " + ( L& 
'> #U '6T8/ 2/sŽ / /
+ *‘  ' L& / + (  ZQH 

e "  '6T8 / L ;< ="   F 444 LV t   D  (  /
4 L& / + (
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ 56

-/ W7 = 
 & ) -/ = # L&  + (M +gF
~&'   ?-! ="& “
^ T q< &   
 & )
4 T U  /M R
'<M 5 ( R ‚ (8 V'    1 8 M 
U  2^&/ +F #$
]V  2^&/ ]D8 ,/  V D/ −2^&/– 2
{ ]< SQV
4V D G; '
, 1* &/ =(8 L " / 0T
:T$  r+ H "_ \1
"In addition to the question of dimensions, string
theory suffered from another awkward issue: There
appeared to be at least five different theories and millions
of ways the extra dimensions could be curled up
String theorists are now convinced that the five different
string theories and super gravity are just different
approximations to a more fundamental theory, each valid
in different situations .That more fundamental theory is
called M-theory p174"1 .
9 + e8 +o     ‚ (8 `Q&
8
8 @F 
U  ai tV
People are still trying to decipher the :=' N/  + 8!

…£¦nature of M-theory, but that may not be possible.p.

…£œ„ ,#'U& #'_  


5= ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

L
& -/: / 8* −L&  + (M – 'VNV "
; A P


+ŽH @(8 LV- "!;H , Occam's razor @(8 LV\ ›B +  "'B

U |N T' < 1i!
8 ,'_ 1 L"&/ - 2,'  |N
#{F 
U " +8T D
+ '6
s'V J^z  ,P& E6" C
= G; '
,/8 'K 2^&/ ]<8 + ( ¦¡¡n …¡ +8T D

2 '
 2 '
 2 '
Q A @/ #*  N
   =( ,&/
4  ( 
i s'/ + ( L- 
HK  ZQV
+ + (M
:‫ﺍﻟﺨﻼﺻﺔ‬
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" 
) 2^ " W;" "
 ˆ! +  OT< O8D #*NV L, O 8 ,5NV  5NV
*'  "7 #*NV # 1  '  W > Ga/ / O8D ,L& / + (
4 fine-tuning 
 & L&
: W >
W > . "/ 16
s'H 8 1 = 0
^ 5 '! + &8 :s
8 ?/ „ / J^z @/ &
# ,H8T 8 *,3 R ' 1  ' 
 5 J08 ,J1\ =( "  ? #'U& ED #'N  / 1" 8 16
s'H
ED U& #N
: 8 +  R ˆ!
16
s'H # =( ” LT K ‰8T
 â áà  ß Þ   Ý Ü ۖ 44 '6
s'V W > e g8 ‰) 8T8
,—è  ç æ å ä ã â ᖠ5!NH ,—å ä ã

©‹‹¨ 
o :=  LT  
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‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ ‫‪5K‬‬

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‫–‪4—~ }  | {  z yx w v u t‬‬
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‫¡‪4— ¨ § ¦ ¥ ¤ £ ¢‬‬

‫  و آ أ ا‪ ،‬و أن إ إ ا وأن ًا‬
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Cyclic model ð‰ë†Ûa@æìØÛa


+  'ZH 18 ,   '>
B "'  '!0 ;" "! 
ª T  ?T8 +  'ZH @ " 8 Cyclic model ?T8
/( L' L-  K L
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0 + ( *U
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 ;/M .B8 R
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C;
?8 
T '/
 I> + " + 
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s '8QM 0T +ŽH ^F8 ,
0 +  / + ( =( R '8QM |!Z LF
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 ¦– −t*_ \ ? [ 7$ 1 2−STM8 28N .
 +!NH
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L- U '8QM / M  0
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 #& W!$ B8
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‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ 5M

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4@ …œ¡¡  / / =M |
TB 
) ]V8 ” I  W> ]V C; ' T V =( +F #$
 
0 =' 8 J1\ + 
 ^F8 +  / I ( Og  =( R 
 &
4 
U  A* 1& ;D
the model “entails the same degree of tuning required
in any cosmological model1.
‫ﻟﻜﻦ ﳌﺎﺫﺍ ﺗﺄﺧﺮ ﻇﻬﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻷﺯﱄ؟‬
1aM X E< g −ezN  Wf: I (g8– /: e "
B  
?'p +8 U A R +  
e>/ 'N V,H 5 $ ?8 1;TM V R r(M e\)
8M &  "? #& "e & <     ' 8 1TV
,#& @"k  "H ,−C!N   '  <   ,−"& 8 5! X"
+ X T < gH &  e & < 8 ,C!N   '  2< H
k
2VK 5 TB8 5 TF + t T" l'(8 ,#& 5'H 0 ' " ^  B8 $z

?2 6B 
B
B  / −X 5T– 1si @,)   50 1;NVN ezN 
+  $ U
  ;A/ * 8 ,V,V WH€ 5 ( R @ l
+ U
8 ,18 , )  *( #*6Y  + "
 a H & 


1 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmological_constant.
5N ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

T: + TB  ,


K& 
 +g *  W" V >
 f {
!q<: L/
   −X 5T− 1si  0
,C!N   '  <   @ F X 5T 1si @/) Cg
?'a LTŽ '&/: WB8 R #& • X + . H
• L "8 LT) t T$Y 8 ,' 
B ' 'a LTF8 LTB 8g XH
!J\  /

8N / *&'0 +/aM +M ,5'H J1\ ^ E^ WB  X '_D /
,−LK& J
s'V i +/a, / J0 + H −*'H •M T *3 =!B
!/a $ 
#8 ,V B / +( /s + ?
  '  − ,&  e & < a  1si \T  EH8 B8
 #& E< $Y = ,WB8  WB8 $z
# X + `Z 5 8 ,−C!N
! 5/
WN'8 ,−& 8 5! 5 g − 2 @"  #&  X @" 8
−+/,8 +/a, / J0 + 8 +8 +/s E< 5M −+/s @"
=  8 ,5 e8 ^8 J1\ 5>( ]' X8 ,,K +/a 5"
^ XH ,
(T8 @,)  0  X =PV8 ,#&  08   NV
: ? ' 
!r(M 5 '"
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ 6P

‫ﻇﻬﻮﺭ ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‬


V;  8 ,STM  L' *U + N 1P 8 +  *U
+ &8
:f u;N 
?STM  L' *U   ,+ N A =( WP/ g
= 1  fM = , /  T   T + 
8 ;i!  X
?( /  / : &/
0 @ ./  Cg‘  08 N/ R X 5T #'"  e "

@*H 5  _" <Y #  Cg‘ R + 


+ N8!" :e "
45'F 
 3
WB8 R ^F 5&B / `&
: ^ 5ŽH ,5' S: gF ./N 5
Ts
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 e "
8
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8! :e"H # F 5-  T ]  tg F X 5T *  8
”8 #&7 / 
Y8 k / 5'H 5"<8 5
T! #H ,t 
{8 t" T"/
L6/ s  tH ,*B H8 STM W  ^ ˆ' * (N/ 88 '78
Ga "!
( 1B! "!
8 ,*
V( * / e8 88 T '; A* X *!_
4"5/&F L>(8 @  A p8 @&; T &N l'P  =ZV . 

4  †«Ÿ ,L&N T ƒ V/ 


 œ†«Ÿ ,EN T_ 
6O ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

8! :e "'H # F 5-  T '"; / X 5T ?a   T"
8
5 5  R ƒ"
+ a 'H ,   ED  y  W!$ B :="& ='B
= yTF  s  8 ,#' 5 +r WH IM ;^ :e" ?›"
4"?s & "/
 , 1pT  #H ,5 
  W/ ! :tg =!B −?a  – eB B +(8
X + 18 ,!'  ^
t eH , + B   " / @N0M A   B ,& 8 5!
e "& 2' H ,*P" H  #$ 45  l';8 5 TB e(  ‰ _
A +8 ,& &  { WH ?=&V tg  R  5 {gF &
W NH ,/& # / R  8 ,H& a / R a  ^F ED # ' !
"?t e "&
:e "
/ /H! :e"H # F 5-  T T"
?a     8
F 
/8 ,t   ‰,7) C;
5ŽH ?(  &/ /8 ?( =&H #
4ED  5k / '>(
 Q & X + : H( ;'*0  ,,'! tg
SQ& ./ "!
,H *( & X #k yTF -! q B R ]' + :> ?
 ÝÜÛÚÙØ ×ÖՖ V F OD SQ^ q 
,— ê é  è ç æ å ä ã â  á à ß Þ
"
T / ^F =&H H ,5NV E D'H ,^F8 ,1&H 1ZT /‘ : &8

£†„ ,7D 'K 


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  , ;8 ,?-
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‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ 6

/ /  1 &
C!  ? ]'" :2,/  5 ( R 2T
 e "

/ >( ' &'!7 T 


 1 !*
# 5 8 ,#*V  #U LTB 1  
# X +
/8 ,8/ #*V !N  / *V/ 'p J'\ y  =U + 1&'!; H ,C8
+ 1 C0
,  Z 
 , 8/ G D #*V =U
+ 1&'!;
  ,1 5/( T" 5 
/ 1 &
# 5 5 \
R EV< 5 5 3 + / ^ 9
4"=KM R 
F 1 ;&
# 1  J'\M t 1 / < 5 8 ,16;F
& : e&H { ./  / 'N PD e&H / k X [ 0 B8
 / _B8 444 #'U '<  l  *  ,pN N/ 'p8 L /: 
3
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8 N  / +Y" R 2 # PD8
4= & 
: *8 
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k  R ‚ 
+  a
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8 ,T"
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4*! N
# N
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+( ='6F 1  J'! / '! + :I*!KM (g
#8 A " UH W;" f! / OT< 8 #$ ,-' nTH J H ,J/
445!'0 R *&Z H  "  UH 0 H J 
k # p 1T J H 44*'F WV 

&H 5V |" 


f! H  ]0 8 f! / -' '!( ’'\ J0 #$
:1!  e"H 45 "H '! ’'- 5'H #€H A
#H 5/  ¤> nTV
441 e < ? F8 ,e <
#8 =0 E  Wk Z: T

1Descartes, R., Meditations and Other Metaohysical Writings, p.49


65 ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

k
e  < nTV 8 + 5'F X 8H44  1 – *3H – = H
[
nTV 8 = B ’'-  +8 ,•T  F e 2H 1 8 /
4 !5 / W__ BH
KB k *'H VD 1  T /M   # :‫ﺍﳋﻼﺻﺔ‬

™ :
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-! &'!; T _"
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 u ts r q p o n m l k j i  h g–
 ¦ ¥ ¤ £¢ ¡  ~ } | { z y x w v
 º¹¸¶µ´³²±°¯®¬«ª©¨§
4—»
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45 08 5 V #p  AT
/ '>(
 ezN 
STM L ED # *
+  &/ H ,#DZ +  +  1'H
?t L'i_
 L, Ci-
: :‫ﺍﻟﺮﺩ‬
#  LT"8 +  #  /DZ N '>(
10 SQH  = -
@,   ,+N) #  1 8 STM

n 4@ ,+
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©£¨ 
o :+ eY LT  
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ 66

  / SH 8 ,N R $z/ 5 šZ 8 J1- #  /DZ + 8


4=' ?
J'\M ? & #  F8 +N 1N #  Lr& WN' 5F #$
 X +s'/ R #  +( 8 ,/M8 G_8 G,<M( #  ,
#DZ + ' +F #$ ,/M = 8 STM8 28N W T! 
/ # + ' + 1 &
 =*H ,2 2T' 28' /
?"#" A* '  '" /8 ?  # (  &/ /8 ?28'
5 @ ?'i_ 6 # *
^8 5 /DP #DP 6 # *
X =8
?CNM @U 8 Ga .'  =V(
iK– n  nT / iK ;" T_/ ST^8 28N +F #$
1'6
s'H =( #s
t( ]' ,−2 2T'/ 2T' LT + 8 /
?‚ ‚'! " !7 #&
  C"$ F *( 'N-    W  8 1!N #  P


4−C&/ Q'  ¡4† STM #  −'iK ]!'\ ]'( a8 H
+a8M8 @ M + 
J'\M  # ^8 @ M WN' 'P" +gF
44e"$M8
C N
J1\ $ = +o8 ,~&' 8 J'\M A yTF 1 'P"
^F GT V yT
J1\ $ = ?+N) ^F @ M ' 2B,& A
8T8 ED U8 y,HM /DZ8 ' " yT
J1\ $ = ?+N)
?+N) ^F 
 & )
6= ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

'p e 8 E'N  &


8 J LT  + yT
J1\ $ =
1  '6
s'V / U  8T8 y,HM 2T/ yT
J1\ $ = ?+N)
?+N) 'p +  #
' 0  '8 ' (TF +  s(/ +N) +  J& l D
^ +gF
4 '
 eaM  /8 ' 6
s'H >
8
:‫ﻭﺍﻵﻥ ﻧﻌﻮﺩ ﻟﻠﺤﺪﻳﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻇﻬﻮﺭ ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‬
:‫ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ‬
 *U
1 6( e8 18 −
Q( 'N 2'P: R L'  8
4−*NV '
8T " !7 G,7)  STM 508
:‫ﺪﺭﻙ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺔ ﰲ ﻏﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻷﳘﻴﺔ‬‫ﻭﻫﻨﺎ ﻻﺑﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻧ‬
x 'p 1  B8 F +  L-  / @_  WB 
'P: L-  `(
Cyanobacteria 
Q( 'N =< L 0  2'P&:  2f/ / L8
*3 6( e8 
Q( 'NH ",G,7)  STM 508  2 6 e8
*H <Y 6( ? *3   *U
#  5M '
8T " !7 STM 508 
4"T *U 2 6 '"! u ? ' N(8M T_/
=< / &/ 'V- ~ 
Q( 'N 2'P / L  'P&: 8
 – 'V- L8 1 Wk!8 –` 8 W …¦¡¡ a8
1$T  |
-
,* V'3  W/B ^8 
Q( 'N 2- / q<: +/ L8 Wk 2*3
^ 5( +   + ' R ,|!P8 E'N  *  ` …¦¡¡ 1 &
8
 / P/ B 5M ,2^ ) 
U N W Œœ T *U ^F uN

W Œœ8 ,  T'/ …œ e& 18 |"H '$ …£ n …¡ '! T V)


‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ 6K

 8 u'_ C' Q F e K  =0 / '$ …£ n …¡ F O 


k y  +  ZQH e R  −+ 
4−'$ =( `P L
0 W

Q( 'N =< & / =& 1  2'P& 2f/ / L8 'P 
2T'/ 1 &
/ 8 W …¦¡¡ ='-  '$ £¦¡ n …¡  ( O 
4+   `&Z 2T'/
T-
T ‚/ !_ s '(8 T-
T  SQH P& A @/
2 ! −'_ L
  `8 ‡V ' ‚/ y  + + N
T

  ` F =_
+ F 8 '6 -& *' 1 !
#$ −'_
'N 2'P / 'P e8 R 8M W k …¦¡¡ =    u'_
4
Q(
#  •' g/ ,J,"&  H8  /aM =( ?"!   ="
# 
=-  'P& +M   lB tg 1 &
^ ?J17< ` §V ^
L / `8 '&  1  'o 1 /   ="
#8 ?T H
 
Q( 'N t* 8
?q<
LTF8 #'_ 8 1  O 
 '! ‚/ + /,& 1N l'(8
5!N
+ ›HT8 5  R tg wQ\ gH ,"'B L
&/8 |!Z8 . K8
?8M STM f' R ED
/ ?2  - ='-  &/ H AT  @8 1 &
^ J1- T *3 +F =
  'V'3  #* 'B /8 ,,K #*  &/  08 8 #*
T  P
?
F "_ / 2  e  l'(8 ,& =- # 1  
Q( 'N #~ ‡V 
?<Y 6( =< '__D ' ' V'38
6L ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

L(/  STM L*0 =( s &


E< F L' E< 'Y e ^ #$
?+/ =( R H_ T *3 + ZQV
#$ L' |N
=' N + ZQV
8 ED + PH
2'*
! A =( @/ g
?1"&
1;& : 'H&/ / U / 2 !   ED l'( 
   V   ="
# #$
"
; 'V'38 f' l_ GT8    2( 2 !H ?V'38
,e8M 1 6 =< 
' V'38 F a / A e  l'( !
s/T
? /‘ :#M ezN8 ,? ' 1V'38 ;&/ O F #$ s'/Q tH #
l'(
#$ As'/ # ' 5'F 5 0 6 qT /8 5H #
+ =!B s'/Q @B
?0 WB8 =!" N R 5/D 
–  ; 2 !    E!N/ #  1 6 + 
l'( #$
?V'38 ? #"
#8 & -
# 8 ,'P =( R −W …¦¡¡
'_ 2 ! ‡V 
ˆ' 

 E!N/ #  + 
l'(8
?f7D yQ
8
0 l'H ,
Q( 'N /( "!N/ ;< y   # 8
?2'P& 'V'3  _'_D 
1  '"& 2,' N A~ +
) ;="&8 E;  B *

? ED +
) @ ,' 'P" yQ ='V( * / 8 1" =' N/
?5 TB8 5"< |!Z8 5& K 8T  6"8 M 2H
=" R =*   ,f '\ l
^ 1"& =' N +
) + #&
! '  Tr  8 ,‰- l' / T8 
 AT(
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ 6M

.  *!\


 >( T D
8 2&  V
?  '! ‚/rH
16 -& T ;  2a8 '& + 1 &
," !N/ A
 # ?  ;
=" / 5'0  " !N/ A
 # . F e K  1(g T' <8 #'_ F
8 ,1(g =" *' '*
" !N/ L/ 
p  50 / E< *H ,10T<
!5 `Q^  / /z 

/ 
p
2^8 +F #$ ,16-F T8 ? 5 ]'8 I," ]'8 16 - T ; H
,independent events " N/ .6B8 1 W …¦¡¡ .  LT 
' '/M SM WDP  ,>H ,›& R *P& $z
^ 2^8/
+M ,L/ =( R *NV 1 ' ^ !N  =U NH ,2 2T'/ 2T'/
 es& `_ ' '/ S   / =(8 " N/ .6B8 2^8
@ *V/ |"N
: 8 ,6B '" ]V  ' ^ ]V =U H ›&! *P&
4=( 
H_
` C;
+ N
T T-
T ‚/r s '(8 T-
T + -
T"  '! @ "
L/ =( R8 ,5'F ‚/r &N

!  / /:
' 5F ,1B! &! 8 5
  /r `8 §V , *_H8 ‚6 
_B8 LTF8 8 188 1(g ="8 ' "6H 
 8 K< 
 50 /
4ED 'PB R /z 5  #$
/ 
p 8
‫ﺍﳊﺪ ﺍﻷﺩﱏ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳉﻴﻨﺎﺕ‬
L8 1  '  – L8  '0 / J ^ 'ZH   „

R OT  T _ u'
t 8 −'< '< ? R @  /8 J 
4 '0 VK / ! + SQVH ,' 2 6 T *3
6N ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

" !;H ,/  *' 1P"' #& J0 J - 'ZV A   
a
^ Minimum gene set concept 2 '  / M  
U 
4'0 Œ¡¡ s0  e8s 
1 6( G– Mycoplasma /a, ' + J& 08 B8
L   ' 8 ,'0 œ ‹ 5
 − G,7)  STM 508   0 /
› …¡¡¡¡ F …¡¡¡ / =_ B !(/: 2 ' 8r 'V-  ? 
4 1 '/
STM 508  6( G E'D  
H_  ZQH   8
+ (M 2T'/ F O  2^ ^ ' " ¤"!7 5ŽH Mycoplasma
O F =0 / ;' 8  - /a, ' J1   ,  ( # 
F 0 Mycoplasma /a, ' 6H ,#' 8 /a, '/
/ LB œ¡¡4¡¡¡ / Q" ' '08Q'   " 8 2 ! / H V_/
+ ? ,Ÿ¡¡4¡¡¡ n …¡ 5 - '  8 , #' 8 6( O F =0
O8D + (M / 2T' 2T' 2T'/ Š   - 2 6
4 LTg ‹¡ n …¡ 1 5(   ( R 2T  +F ˆ' ,#' 8 6
+ F 0  H ,'NV  1 
H_8 ,¤'K T ;  +( gŽH
4 +N) F '08T'* / T8 T gF , '0 VK / !
, B ( '0 Œ¡¡ / =B F es  + 
: ^ 
U  '  / 
Minimum gene set concept 2 '  / M  `&
: / 8

^ " 5 Nature L'*- &'!;  / 2- Ÿ¡¡  

   R8 ,
4" '0 Œ†£ s0 a8  +
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ =P

8 '0 " gF8 , ( 2 '0   C;


A8 B; O ŽH
[ :  'DH
42 '  /  ™ * ' V'38 =( 8 ,B; 8s
/ -
^ 5 ˆ' C([ /: P ?  08  !$ gF " e "

8T C (
4"/  T*  1
U +ŽH !B& / V'V7 2,
&
If it could be demonstrated that any complex existed,
which couldn't possibly have been formed by numerous,
successive, slight modifications, my theory will
absolutely break down1.
!V'V7 2,
& / - + =' N
8 !(/ JPM + W!$ B 8
:‫ﺟﺪﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬
 08  J   ED  0  'NV +  1
B   
e L"&/ N 5  B gŽH ,
-!  r<  n'B  /  ,#'_ 
 N/ >( ^ 
-! LrD  n'B  : e "
,* #_/ 
/M .B8 R  ,B 2 6( -! y   analogy n'" /
6( =( F8 CNH +N) 5'&
^ #'_  yTF8 #'_  + e " 
yTŽ . 
6( '8 #'_  U/ =
J1\ ' @a, H ,+N) 'p
0
+ =!B  0 / @a, *H ,L' U .'08 &'!; R   / J1\ 
n'" |! / #'_  + JH ,L' n 0 U/ R /(8 ,+N)
=( R L' U/ =( A V J ›/  >( ^ 
-! LrD 

1 Source: the origin of species p189


=O ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

/ E - SV tg SV


1 +N)  08  U  .;" ,+/
#'_  T$Y / *  T_
' 2 6 =H ,yT/ 8 =B 6( 5( 
2
s)8 'D L 8 !'/M8 2 ! &8 = ( ,yTF / = / T"
20T / 0T ? ' @a, y *H , J1\ =(8 2 /*8 Z*
.B / R  t ,yT) tg  J1\  1'_  y N8 yT)
U =( R =KM  = 5'V
/ 0
^ 5M @a,   #& 1 L "
L;/ 2-/  J   F8 
 ]' #_
:  0  
" H , 0 
^ ' V =KM  1V
/ 
  5 .;" =K *H 1"'" J >  */D
#
'PB 1  'P"H ,* 1  ' !$) ^ L B    5  L B ="
^8 '" ^ 'PB 1 
) 'P"8 ,e8M a; / '"; /8 '"
4e8M a; / P

 '"; /
e " ;ED yT 1  #_
:  e8  0  #'_ H
8 , "&/ 
p8  K/ #'U 8  *-/ '"&  = -
#'_  
*  tV
^ '"&   +F = ,=B A
^8 L' U .'0 =-

 08 ! /  L6a ! / '"& H ,LTF  \!/ =' '"& 8 , 0 /
+ ( +F ?'"&  20T  , |"H  0 /  J1\ 0
=*H ,J1-
=(8 + /*8 *(V LT8 'D8 +8Q)8 LT =-
'"&  VK
4 0  R J1\
./− U
( CNH 
-! LrD .B  |! 
^ 'NV +gF
 &'!; ›& n'" 'NV 5 8 ,−
-! LrD @ ^ 0 @
 +'7 ''/
 =PH 1 "&:  67 +'7 ''/
H ,›&
e R n'"H +gF , 6; '( UM 
;  *
: 18 ,G,7)
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ =

]' gF ,
-! LrD  *&/ J1\  &
# "& 67 +'7 ''/

n'B F8 ,V- 
: ''/
 t => * E   
-! LrD
4#'_  U/ / 
0 *U/  
-! LrD
,]  La 5/D N ?  l'U  @U  E!;
/M ]V8
2*08 R 5 (/: -! e8
]  La R  HU  @U ' !H
(\ O F / lotusan C(/: 8 ,*V'U C&_
ˆ' N 27
J17 \ N gF 'H8 LJV( =B +( +F8 ,]  ' "   &
!F
R 5H- ( #
/ @/ ' * */8 'f
s  '0  '! J */ Lr<
+F = ,—Y  X W V U T S R Q– <o  ‰F / &'!;
/ #'_  2V / V ƒ- JH   s &  !7B 
-! 2r<
LT L 8 LT R 
 UM G 8 ,'D( ' UM G R
,T / 1"  |': 18 , Particle Zoo 2'N  + ' "
8
 Ì   Ë Ê  É È Ç   Æ    Å    Ä Ö ED 2 |': +  '
4—Ô  Ó Ò   Ñ Ð   Ï Î Í
4—³² ± ° ¯– tg =!B A/ 8 |': +  '8
508 R ~ .H
8  * O8
1  H_ +F /M .B8 R =
 1*H ,>( ^ 
-!  r<  n'" ='!B / r & 1  1 ,#_D
OT< OD # { .B 8 ,   / 'NV R T /Š U "
7 .! ' g

©œ¨ 
o :'$  LT  
©…¡†¨ 
o :l* LT  
© ‹¨ 
o :_" LT  
=5 ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

H_ T8 ? 1!
  #& W!>
#H ,  /
  '   G;
= ,|'N ' @U '"& R * T8 ? KT #
# gF ,?'"& @U ? R
4&B8 ^8 L K/ 'p ' g 8 1" SQH ›/ 1
,L  
 / U  F  !g8 ' ' / U   ( gF  8

 R H_ T8 ^8 ,LT J  R8 LT R J!  /  0 / '"& H
B,& 1 *' ( ' B,& r & + 8 + 8r  ( 8 +8Q)  (
 ˆ
   8 ,LT L  #  t(8 ,L" N/ LTg ='-  >
/s8 ,/s  tg =!B  _H[ ( H_ w\ +M ;J
s'V R H_
E!; : 1  L  08  H_ I> w-8 ,#& T *3 ./ ^F *U
#
H_ `& + =!B  "&/ +( L T *UH 5 " /M ]V8 ,*' *NV
4,K
  08 e R  L 0 / {
 2!9  " ":eB ' H_ 1V R 5NV 
8T Q
# 8
4"HK O  ]' +  + &K8 Z8 "
; ,'<  B
L " +N) i
T &\ 56^8 #'_  U/ + 
8T "
: 8 =
4"
 ŽH , 'B8 
-!  rD @ ^   
/  5F #$
@ ^ @8 *'   + !;/   0T< / =' ? :5 e "
?*'F

1 Charles Darwin to W. Graham, the Life and Letters of


Charles Darwin, vol.1, p.285
EN T_ 
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ =6

 +N) *K 1  J'\M  +  #'_ n'B + q


?H
5& _
/8 +  ' B,&H ;&  & "H −@ ' 'V
−KB n'B
L / + 
+ R •  08 *'( + T!  ,6B +N)
/   ( R #'_  2/,&H t( ,A“-F8 5'i-  B7 F O 
8
4<Y +  T" O  ^ ˆ' ƒ Z 
l- \! yT)    &
ED8 #'_  + +F #$
C(    t8s   ,>H
 ,n'"   ]'8 #'_ 
yTF *H *'_ # o + yT:   H
 L"&/ Y W
T8 LT *
4' V  *7 
2/"/ 5 '˜ " ,'
 ]'8 \!/
+ I  cosmos =NN/ R r &
'*-  +p eT( +F =
e8 B, LTP L- 1 &' 10TD JPV / L"&/ LT\F ? KT
4 &/ =K 
 1V
1" =' H −`8−2  &P = LT\F  /
/ / ' R ' " 8 L'8 B, LTP  08  e^ 
= @ '  =< T + ' Π+ U
 ]V ' R ,+ 
 B A– LTF 8  ? => ^ '"&  R 
p 'V'38 =6T8 2V\
4— FE D C
T H
 + >!
#{ŽH ,#& / / "; / R JF 2
V J 08 gF =
4JF  08   ";  t R L$ / LTP 

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o :=  LT  
== ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

8 q / ~- 0 +8 5  @ "


ƒ7 #'_  + +F =
45 @ " /  5'B
4>( ^   "& !N  T _  ='*N    _ 5'!- H
@D N  ,1" n'B =' F  ^ >( R +Y" H 8

 &8 #'_ 8 . _ M L \!/ U  WV 8  ^ q BM ‚* 
 Ì ËÊ É È Ç Æ Å Ä Ã Â Á À– ED8
4—Ó Ò    Ñ Ð Ï Î Í
=!B 
8T George Cambell =!/( OT 0 ='pTY G8 e / 8
e"H '(T8M La O8s =>/ ED R !' & #'_    @& 5 /
+' R8 :`Z8 5T s #$ ,1"& l_& / '>(
 LV A " :
8T
4"\, q<:
:‫ﺗﺘﺎﺑﻊ ﻇﻬﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺋﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﳊﻴﺔ‬
V; ;' 2 6 T *3 . 8 ,STM  L' 2*3 + &8
*U
8 !'
8T 18 G,7)  
) 
P" *\ EH:M 
?T ; @ E< 'U 8 ?) l R *\M 'U 
 K<8 "N 1! ( R  "8 >  * &!\ B 'P" A +  U8

   R ƒ7 1 ŽH ،"
  )  *("1 ( / /> =_V
l
\ 8 =ZV T ( '8 1 ' T T  :18 ^ 4
i "'\ 'PB

©¦Œ¨ 
o :W_H LT  
2 Well, that is often comes over me with overwhelming force
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ =K

T ;  L- #
X 5UV l
\ 8 T (H ,T ; @ \!/ E< e 
?8 ,5&/ #(  ?8 E'- T    ' T tg =0 /8 50 
!T ; @ E< e\F |!P

@ @Néuì½a@‰ìĐnÛa@òîšÔÛ@éîäjm@Þìy@Ñ튑@ëŠàÇN…@kîj§a@bã‡bnYc@Éß@‰aì§a
"  ( =>/ ,l
\ 8 T ( C (  &7 
 #&
;
! R
+ ," #"  Ba ("  (8 ," )1
W u  v IS"  (8 "t$J ('
C;
+ 
" 1& J\8 ,50  T ;  'PB L- #
=ZV T (
  / R "  W! H ,T ( 50   " C ( + !M ›& 1 /
l
\ 8 T ( r<:   @
 › #8 ,y  ]'V  tNV 
T8
e  T 
 ?
: + TB8 tNV 
T8   / F T -/
 =<H ,?" 
5" ? T   +H ,50  T ;  i'K <M8 ,T ;  'PB
T ( C ( R mT" T'8 ,#& C7 5 / 'V N' #

 ' +o
4'\) A / =ZV
'PB R 
"& '! 8 ,/ J F 5 ! ( ? e8M ?" ="  8
450  T ; 
=L ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

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‫ ﻫﻴﺜﻢ ﻃﻠﻌﺖ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ‬.‫ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﺔ ﺩ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﷲ؛‬
l
\ 8 =ZV T ( 2^8/ „ _D !M  1 
!1
 ;&8 C
ˆ' T ;  '*
T (  < 1  qr $,> <š qF A  K8
#& R ]' gF ,/ /
*  .0Q' −X J\ +F−5 @s 8 ,=ZV
– 1"
r/) ˆ! R ]'8 ,T ;  ,! " ,  &H
/ ?K
#6B G,7)  8 =' $ ]' = ,T ;  lB / P&
/ −1!
 
1 6( + '/ Œ '˜  E$ / 8  0
^8 ,T ;  ‰ B8 W!>
: 5 
− macro-evolution 8 1  T ; 0
^8 ,+o STM 508 
0 ^8 ,
˜ KT 8 '˜ !
 8 '˜  +o   W!>/: − ‰  F ‰  / e" F
#& .'; N
^8 ,+o   #& * !$ mutation L'V/ L8 LV7
1&'!7 D  N 1
8  1VNV SV ./ =/&  1!
 
Karl   eT( *\M @ & ` N'H T"
8 −,natural selection
^ {M ;' #& T7F OT< .!" 1&'!; D ^ 'PB + Popper

U  w\ 8 1V  'B 1 &
?8 , falsifiability ! .PD
.PD: gH ,e8M a; / '
8 'VNH ' 'P"H − '&
?A*( '8, ' *( S8V 1
 ;&
X E< l'( +gF ,'
8   T ;  + 7 ZÞaûŽÛa@ óÔjí@ åØÛ
?@&M8 8
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ =M

 Q P     O N M– J/ / x  =( E< 5! X + R u


K +Y"
 e d cb a  ` _ ^ ] \ [ Z Y X W  V U T SR
4—n m l k j i hg f
 @ " astrobiology STM OT< L' `- ( •  =( =K8
4STM OT< J  ˆ!
LTF8 LTB8 f'-  =( E< X +F #$ ;ED =K  JH
+88 !M P8 !M J'\M ED
5! X8 ;K< 8
 H‘ + 
5! "'D 5"<8 ,!
 ;V8 ,WV U ;
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 ©¨§¦¥¤£¢¡~}|{
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2*3 1  2 68 ,* _ ^ 1  2 6 A  &/ / 
?−T K
(– 5NV +N) T *3 =!B   WV <8

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=N ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

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1 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Lashley
2 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_H._Pribram
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? 5− V'< − & 5 B /  *H #{ ZbÈia‰
R 1!7"¨ #$š8 @T  #*
8 , #U / #* ' ."

4©+Y" @M ./ 


=/ F '- { T!  ,—Y X W– 
o e^ ^ P


e "
,5/ #T R '  ED =/ F '- 
o  ' ,‰ ( +N) E<
`
W !"<} R `
W \  9' E 
W I1$2 i! :
o 'NV R ?r; @/)
4"!p `
W !1$~ ~
VNH 1 −T ;  VNH – +o _  1  'P" ;/M .B8 R
 (
 /M l *B ' @*H8 
K „ _ lD '
8

©…œ¨ 
o :ƒ  LT  
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ L6

,ƒ 0 l'&P =
8  F u'_ u
_   / ="  l'H ,(
/
{ @s  '
8 VNH F    I_ SQH F #'N #*V /8
?#&8 V ’
T R 8( r( u!_  /
 b WI/=2 c!& )Jd ,I  eI /=' (L% P
  % !$2
@ @NNN@oÈÜ@árîç@Ý™bÐÛa@‰ìn׆Ûa
' 2H, <^ + 20 H ,1 T 1 L'<M t "'& E& W/
./ =/&  ‚* /" R "'" 2H, < *  ,='KV  R WN'  'V/
:'  w"  R tg uZ88 ,"'P"
5P<F 
#$ /8 "1VNH =
8 " T ;  
U + +8r & ©…
yT\ 1  ,'
 2T! ^8 1VNV E; 8 '"& 0  E; 
4 1& ‚*  5&/ =/&  1i!
,1 @ *V/ T ;  + 1& . 
  + B '8 ,J
s'V @ 8 '0  '! @  ' +88N ©Ÿ
1 '!
 8 'N  1  !; H ,'0  '! #'V '8 16
s'V
@  O<F R #& V,H8 1& .  yT\H  / ,!T ; 
4C
 8 ] .PD ^ #$ /8 ,'!
  @ & L6 / '0  '!
`& t ,"'D
T " @ &( '0  '! R L-  @  l _
1 @ " 1*H t ," Natural history 1&'!; ’
T " '0  '!
L6 1F #& L6 / tg *0D
^8 ,"2'NV  =PH 1 J "
444 + & ( ,'NV 8 e^ ^ R 5 * / @ & / # =H ,VNV
L= ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

]'8 ,
K @ & 1 |"H E!;
  eT( @,( / 2(g /8
4 'N)8 'D
T  @ &
'!
 8 'N    !;
8<H ]! ]V R L, .B8 B8
!!?#;< ]V R #
N =*H ,' ) 
R8 ,'ZT& J&  8 ?T T ;   ' V  W7 ©Œ
2f/ = 2- J& J^z / =( ="/ R L, t @"
="
‚* "  +H #$ /8 ,' "'" T ;  +8r &
/  f\ r(M J&
gF ;L, lB / 
z' = ,T ;  @ *V/ › R ?
 "16" ^
4 '>(
 q B8 >( #*
K / +
=!" N R W!>' #& + "eJV " 1 #* * / R +8 & ©œ
R L, 5&!
?  M ]V 8 ,„D ED @ *V/ K
 /D   !"
 + & ( L,8 ,'
  'V/ 1 SQ^
42i>  ˜ 58r &
8 ,‚*  *
R 2(g (¨  'P" ./ =/&  R C  ‚*  + ?T t
u!_
+ =' N
5 T*3F8 ,T ;   '  R t'-  ,©18M 1 T
AJT8 + 
+ 1i!
= ,'˜ 6 - + 
H @ *V W!$ +8 ,' "'"
444 TB #' 5F
:'˜ * / 5'H #&/ l < /8 EV  /8 ,1
 #7 F +o =" 

"   / =08 s X  ( / # 0D  / =( 1 #"H8 ©…
4 #
 +" / <z L'"& +F WB ' 5 '  / ›& 8 ,+N
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ LK

#'V ?_  1 ¤/ SQ ,18M 1 T R 2(g ( ©Ÿ


#' + t\ ^8 ,5 * / #&8 
 / =H ,'
  'V '&
4 1& ‚*  / ]' " „ _ 
+( '! 1 *  ;D  + / ,18M 1 T R 5 (g / T(8
1   e fN  +(8 ,N' 8 #& ' ‰_  e fN 
4 ’
T  R 
 0 /
+ 1-<8 ,;D ]V R + &"
+ N #  
- lŠ8

 L, 2- #€3 # t\ ,H ,T! ' 5!\ / :e B
4 #F R ! ! 1 *  ;D  +(
V'&Z 2,
8  ' /*HF8 
K K _
 ZT& C7 ^  ©Œ
1 !  1  ," 1K _ /   '" + 2(g "H , 0/
=
8  =  #
 +" R ED 2
Y + J,0M  6 / '> ?T
1   tg +(8 ,T ;  @ *V/ '˜  W!$ gF ?T ;  ED J Z R
44 ) ." N/ / 'N !- '
,
444 #>' 4 =ZV 1<
+8T" + & =_H &0/ ,tNV 
T8   / JP 1 ƒQB
8U
+ =0 / ,N  #
 ’'- "+
) _B"  ( / "N 8
4 #* VK R 5' 8  / ./ l D U *08 / 'P"
T ( " +
)8 #&" ‚/ / ' " L-/ #*' ƒQB (
4"+8T ;p" { 8 , ' '   / 1V;_/
444 I Ta a T d 
LL ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

:fI g5 /PV  /=' (L% P


‫ ﻫﻴﺜﻢ ﻃﻠﻌﺖ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ‬.‫ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﺔ ﺩ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﷲ؛‬
`\  
 8  &/ #(T 8 #&Z C'! T ( # -
4 '0 TB ` 1  1NV  =BM  5'
'
8 VNH WN' T ;  'PB + F # \ C'! T ( ;
! R
4 p(
W !$ a !"#$Q H VQ I$9 DH !%( f  IS ;# F8
inference to the best 2'NV  =PH F ‰ 0H
*H ,
/  3 2';& '
8 'VNH p'K  explanation
+/' 2r'0 ` N'V 5pK " 2'NV  =PH F ‰ 0 " @ *V
'˜ VNH C'T @ * +o S&
1VNH @ *V/ 8 Gilbert Harman
R *
2'NV  =PH +M ;'& w8Š . "/ 'p ea /8 '˜ 8
:,>H
 ,1
8  SV ]'8 P

 1!
  1&  N 
* 
+(8 GQ^ L3 R 2'NV  =PH +( phlogiston + N0 V
#
+(8 ,#& 2&/0 .'0 L'"  + N0 V L/  0  +
)
_ : =( + T"
1& .  +(8 ,'˜ T L A  08 ]
T
+ & 'H '! 8 ,+ N0 V L/  5< ? 
e& \, =B
!' H< + N0 V
W&N  (8 ,2'NV  =PH 
7  8B n '; Og  =3 P


Og   ./ |!P   ='KV  l'' #
+( 'V 2H- (^
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ LM

5 '! WB  ./8 ,−+  s(/ STM −n ';! '* ?T'&
4?T'& Og    L;'  §V +/) R ]'
T ;  
U T_ +F :Goswami 1/ 0 K& C  e "

+o #*H ,+  s(/ 1 STM + 


U T_ =&V
+( ( @ ' + &V

16{ ^  # + / "


+ "N +( ˆ' ,'"N   ]V + T

/   ' STM e  y,HM +T8 8Tr' ,2"8 2" /


? A 5NV J1- @ ' + &V
'
8T T_8 ,#*
U  tN 
^ 2,
&   / "
+ ,* 'Y m!/8 
U  m!/ ›B
8 'i
: `- (
( /M +  SQV +H ,2H- (^ t C(  @:M 
U  '6{
=K  
0 ?T V l-( =( R 
U  2&B E" + + s

^ L
0 68 #T C;

0 l-( =( +F = , ! E"
J1\ ^ 5
l- @"
^8 J1- z!   Ls0 68 ! 
U  2TK8 ,>(
4
U  e  L
0 68 HZF ^F ?T VM
4!$ a !"#$Q y* % T+iv  8
/ *H T ;  5 R 1& .  =ZV T ( # (T-/ /
T ;  + 
+ w-  ,P

 5'F &N +   '8 5/Q 1
F
# H ,1& .  ~ /z
dogma p8  / ]'8 '& 5 
2' '&N    1& .  JP ›& + #  gF + -  T
W'0 T  ‰8-/ 
#8 ,'H&  0  +  N
:  ( 1Z +" /
…†£Ÿ @ A“-F # ?8 '
/M 
N& DH Stargate Project
,'H&  0  
F ^F 2T^8 '
,/ '
/M /  5'H W&H8
LN ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

 e _  'H& LTB T L \!/ `*


+( ‰8- *H
LT!  LQH R ' 'H  
8  L- / :=>/ ,
˜ N L'V/ 2/ &/
S&8 e ; 2'$Ž 'H& +8
1& .   >/ +(8
‚/r =38 44 5 / & J^) R `& !
8 *_H  ; "; 
4 …††¦ @   =&

e ; 2'$Ž 'H& 


' 1& .  l< GN  =*H
?1 . / 5M |"H 'H&  0  #N:8 ,S&8
#& *'H u_
^ L-  @  + F 
T -/ #  # 
!!1!
 
!!?
+ x$  < 8 :I \ i 
~
?  CD 
+ I$9' v 7 s ia < dH
?T*A I$9 0Q €$G E < 8 :I \ i ~
?v$ € v [ H Z8  *Aa < v  lA 7+9 dH
?
+ x$  < ( 0#" T$9 A I I$#R dH
4'P" W* 8 ,−8M & −a8  =<  #[  "H ~ #[  gF
‰  I '/     ,' N `^Y C; f'; ' T ;  #&
A T *3 /a  T *U e&/ N8 ," N ' 2 6 /
&P =( 
0 =" N/ 1 6( *U
+ ^ 5  '  +   ,2 6
K R  ,"'B =( LT   2 6 `^Y C0 F ,2
8 e H ;?T VM K  e"
: @, ]V8 ,\! 1!
 
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ MP

K #8 ,STM 508  1 6( ?M \!/ 8  +o F `& ^
!G,7)  macro-evolution 1  T ; ?
+  ,2
*U ^F '
8T  `& ^ 
8T @
  ( ( K8
8 ,+_ =!B & .Z8  / 8 ,B * ' +gF +,H 5!-
: +,H
R qr '";  ;i   8 ,N l' _ F8 # ]'
/ e " *'H  _H 1  ?6 e^ ) ;i/ N : 1 8 '
8T
4=!B
:" icons of evolution 5 ( R s
8 +$ 0 10  '! e "
(8
"?yQ-
: lN 1 &
#
( ]
o8 N 5- =
Discovery  / + 
8T sT- #  #
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 Ÿ¡…¡ 

 R -  B,&
K
# #& + 
8T 5'H T & ^"/
W ( = ,G,7)  L'V/ L8 LV7 
9  +/s / l_8 +B e 7
?5
U  E>' +( 
8T + .B
pseudoscience ' H<: '
8T =U  #
 ?g : 1 BK
4
 n'"/8 VNV n'"/8 #& n'"
 H
 ,T ; 8 
 ' E'H  @ 5!! ›&! F + #ZQH /
* 8 # WN'8 <Y 
 'P" + #&' U  / ='B ./ ›&! 
,O8 8 *U LH =( "H /  'PB  &0   F #$ ,T ;  
  ."'
1 BK 1  @ ' R8 /
'(- L,K 1_
?( +   ŽH
WN' 'P"H ,'  D  +  H  ,K  _
:  + (-
MO ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

'P" ,— U T S R Q–'P"  ,0 / =( "H /


  'Z ^8 es ˆ' +r ./ es  C'! g : 1 BK8 ,+
4—b  a ` _ ~  } | {– X =PV tg R
/ *H ,T ; 8 X  08 2!$F ' C'! T ( # T"/ /
?5K   1"
s'H '/ /  T ;  = !C
p
5 /z 1 8 * .PD
^8 +8 +/s 8 OT< T ;  =
?5 '!
  F .;  ^8 ,5 *-8
!#' '">/: +  ^ .; 8 =/Y8 C'! T ( #'H X yT
444! J 0$2 y* % y !$2 FDH 9'
  % !$2
/ LTsi  ,;" ;" + ; / 1 #!08 E + 1  +(
444 . / =- # 7 / 1 E'&  @ B 2"'& 8 JTY / # 7
1'B ‚* /8 (Q-/ ST  ˆ L'_" T  LQH e 7 W (
44,' 'PB R 5 1 T8  8
;D +( T8 ,‚*  tg 1F =K  + .;  # lŠ 
=U + 1 „ H ,V D/  "; / + t\ ,H ,
!  / ?;<
!7D =>/M  M   + 1  " |"H 1& ? N R 'P"
4, ="& L'"& #'  '>! '
  ¤P
8 ,'- 8 L,

© œ¨ 
o :=  LT  
©‹…¨ 
o :`<s LT  
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ M

2' / 5 e " T!  \! „D ED 2!$F *H #"; / /
4 L'"&
/ '> 18
9 #' H
/ 
! / GTV  yT + 19  +(
* 
1 8 ,#&/ 5H, <^ 'M w"  #' S ZÝ™bÏþa@ ñìþa
:L6H ?g 'p T  T  =&
+Y" / 2~- / „ _  ?-! #*H #'  + N ©…
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P" R #

'*)  / ]' + e " =>/ ,¤P
  '*) LT"8
4   'V =08 s X @s + 1i!
^ ,L/P JPM  08
'0 'D/ 1F #& J / `^o 2f/ + V _ ©Ÿ
=' N
e8   =3 R8 ,T ;  +  "
#{M ;J* '8D/8
4 1 T  #'" N
+
!5 "'" 1F +8U ^8 ,A8 + +  ( .B  1F +8U ©Œ
tg ] "'"  ' ,#& R uPV B T ;  + +8r & H
4 ¤/
# +8r & 8 ,T ;  +8
/ Y JTY ?  L"H + !N  ©œ
? @B + 1 / + !; 8 ,
U  #$ |" B A / 2"H &P
!?t  
 :+  " 8 !! L
0 
4 T ;  `Q& 1  '>! As(/8 #& 2&/0 =(  1 1 
M5 ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

 8 & 0/ +8 ,H ,#& R '0  '! C ( =( 1 1 


4 T ;  
Textbook
+   ,T ;  1 ! 1  qr '& 2'&  =( 1 1 
 ' TK B © P l Ÿ¦ ¨ AAAS @ & @"  1
/M  ^
4 '0  '! # R 
T  "'"  T ;  5'H r &

1 L3 / R 2"H &P ^8 ,J& / Y JTY  V ^ 1  +F


4 y  ]'V
5 t\ ^  
\ ; 'N! C;
y  ]'V R M A -B / C7 +F
k /
4 T_/ R *'F .0
+ "'" 1i!
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#
"  2 6 L- 'NV 8 '0  '! # ‚* / +F # e B © 
!! n N 1!
  =' #
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1  ,#"H8 8 ,(8 ( '
8T NV +   1 +(z ©£
5F 5*0
? 50  T ;   8 '
8T  •  ^
! ?=08 s X 1 f '\ =' N
=*H ,TB #'
*  W$ B8 ,T ;  ƒ7 R 
'>   '"'708 y  #& ©‹

<o + . 
^ tg  ;" ) H< "  ( R '>(

+ /D N
^8 ,' #'V/ / + ";
8 ,#*7 R + ' Z /
4 1
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U w") ©+8  +NF¨ ›&! ( + /D N ©†
t ,'
T ; 2
V J  (    PH 
 + 1F
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ M6

1 `\ @8 +8  +NF 'PH ' N/ « g  r &

4'
T ;  TK
R '
 / '/Q/ '' ''0  ' ?T R U  + PH ©…¡
? 
  V ./ 5ZT& / #p T ;  #*/s08 #TBF
4 s  ( ]NH8 1*' =
/ e>/ ,5 + /z

#$ /8 ,50  T ;  1F 16 -& T ; / W"  I +8r & ©……
1 SQ ^  4„D ED 1F !?TN/ uK + / ešH
1 !  8 ,  œ¡  / 'P" W   / 1  ,TN u'_
4  / 1V;_/ « ?
 5 W& B ? 50  T ; 
„  ED e " R 1  "! N 8 #& + "! N # +8r & t(
/ ‰   '  +8 G! ^ +F 4C
" R #& 5 !>' ?
4 2i>  F J  = Pseudoscience
B8 ,+
T ;  *H&
T ;  50 2'! / A  (g / =( ©…Ÿ
T ;  e " =U
 ,") H<" 1 ( R * / >( 2(g
4 +o   '& 2'NV  =PH  50 
qF # =" +  ' ' *  2H, <^  1>
 # < ©…Œ
:L6V *'H +8 #& 1 VK R * 1T
@ @Zµg@bàĆ öa…@dvÜí@zЕ@¿@´äí†n½a@åíŠÃbä½a@†yc@æb×
5&/ l D
/ =( C8 C
 8 ,T ;  @ *V/ R 1
 5*H #'
4#& r ` 2f/ 2(g ( #8 ,J& /
M= ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

+(   ¨ ' 
U ( T ;  . "
/ =( "'V " tg 1F l'Z
!!! ©*0 /
'-  / 2f/ = 2- T V 1F ‚*  tg q "
R #* / +8'> +(8 ,1  &
 ( 8 #3 W ( / L,8
/ '> T V 1F q ( 444=08 s X =PV 
* 1F #*"
7
=!"
/ "+8V
" 1 VK R 
3   +  f0 H 
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!!! ' 
U
5&!
? +N) ‚*  + 1F 5!    A 1  # ="
4 
<o lB / 1 L\! 5 &
4444 " tNV 
T8 " 0 JP8 1 fN/
* 1  N
(Q-/ ' * / 'ZT 1F e K   1 & U

 T  l = 1 ŽH ,`, <^ L  L
a 1F tg ? = ,T 
4T  K /
/ 1 A  /B  L&N8 Z 
\ W ( 1  e " #BK8
=
s  0M8 E'H  # 168 ,L8V / 5 I  !"  /8 ,2'N'
4444 3  I #  4 #(*08 # B8 50 / # T / ="/
....... ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻢ ﻭﺭﲪﺔ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺑﺮﻛﺎﺗﻪ‬
‫ﺃﺧﻮﻛﻢ ﻋﻤﺮﻭ ﺷﺮﻳﻒ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ MK

@òîßbn¨a@܁a†ß@põbu@‰aì§a@òÜàØm@åÇ@Ñ튑@ëŠàÇ@Ý™bÐÛa@bã‰ìn×…@‰aˆnÇa@†Èi
@ @ZïÜí@bà×
‫ ﻫﻴﺜﻢ ﻃﻠﻌﺖ ﺍﻷﻭﱃ‬.‫ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﺔ ﺩ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺳﻢ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﷲ؛‬
? T" 8 T  y 1i8 C'! T ( TB / #p 
A $z + + -D
 ( 
  1  / #p 8 ,& ;B 5/Q
!C'! T ( WB8  2T 
5  B / 'i
:  T   ?  @"/: /:Š 1i T ( 5/"
: H
4f '\
( > Tv 1 ƒ9 ;!vQ ! a‚' +i dic 7$ + ( y#( 
9Q
R +  7Gi( ( ,T$9 A  # TH < rAR ! [
!0' \1a !*$[c ( H < 
 / .Z LQH  / 1  :C'! T ( #(r<: + C: 8
q T -
8 # :="/ ?_/ 5 '0 l Ÿ¦ d!/ 5'H S '
T ;  2VK
# 8 ,T ;  J0 5 '˜ !
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˜ KT W!$ G,7)  1 6( ?M
8 ?KT 8 1!
 8 =' 8 ,KT # &H L8 LV; 8
+ '/ Ÿ / 6( ?M 8  # 8 ,\!/ 1&'!7 D   ?T V:
4+o STM 508  ‰ 
@ @AAA@òibug@ü@éãc@áÜÈí@ð‰ìĐm@Ý×ë@áÜÈm@oãc@kîj§a@bã‰ìn×…@Ó†•ë
ML ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

1 &
T ;  T'{8 ,'  = 5 1& .  ./ T ;  -/
2Nz/8 '& / U /8 ) / U / * / B, 2/ U / T'{
!! u'_ = 5 ¤B,7F 1 &
^   ,qr( '
(
^ ›&! *P& / 2T ; 8 \!/
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!!44 ˆ$ =
 0

4) |" T ;  |" gF


4!& W*  T ;  |" gF
&/  + " g : Phillip E. Johnson ž+ N 0 C''H e "

LV \- / #p  '


8T + N
J&" + 'T V'(
  
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#*$ ! 
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# ?L' L- 'NV R u'_  / +gF 4'K 'p '
8T :+  "

|!P 8 q<: 


U  08 @ =
! +( gF ,f7< 
U  + N

4"+o =K
R  &/ (Q-/ 'ZT  ` B   &K #ZQH C'! T ( +gF
'ZT  l"   '! +o 5M ;u'K 'p SQH  T ;  N/
,#&  *&  & ' WN' 'P" + #N: # 8  H ,(Q-/
,*/"
: +   +N) 1 N
8 ƒ; B ^ T ;   M + #N:8
/ 
p 8 ,~ #N
: 1& .  + T ;  /z   * / 
=>/ ,
" '& '7M ' /z =(   +( / 
p8 ?T ; ?  
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‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ MM

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1 www.dissentfromdarwin.org
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(1¨ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9682527.
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phenomenon.
(2¨ Andrew Lang: the making of religion. New York 1968.
(3¨ Previous source.
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(1¨ Andrew Lang: the making of religion. New York 1968.


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University Press, p.88.
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(1¨ Darwin, C. (1998) the Origin of the Species, Wordsworth


Classics, p.368.
(2¨ Gould, S.(2007) Ever Since Darwin, p.56.
(3¨ Zimmer, C. (2012) Redrawing the Tree of Life.
(4¨ Fodor, J. (2011) What Darwin Got Wrong, Profile Books.
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(1¨ Stewart, J. (2000) Evolution’s Arrow, p.6.


(2¨ Collingwood, R. (2005) the Idea of History, p.106.
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ ‫‪OP6‬‬

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‫وﻫﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻠﺤﺪ أن ﻳ!ﻤﺠﺪ اﻟﻔﻠﺴﻔﺔ واﻟﻔﻼﺳﻔﺔ‪ ،‬أم أن اﻟﻔﻠﺴﻔﺔ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻏﺼ‪J‬ﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻠﻖ اﻹﻟﺤﺎد؟ وأﻳﻦ ﻧﺸﺄت اﻟﻔﻠﺴﻔﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻀﺒﻂ؟‬
‫أﺻﻠﻬﺎ !‬
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‫ﻣﻀﺤﻚ وﺳﺨﻴﻒ؟‬

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2 http://shamela.ws/index.php/author/84.
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5 r U "@9 ƒ#$Q" C"
8 44 2V- =' 6T 8 0Q8
X ' 2!$F R W( 5 VNH8 44 '/,) @ &8 VNV ' E'H  R
/ {8 * ' \ R! :508 &T R VNV =PV L !  + q
8 ƒ8 R8
VNV ]& '
& n  * '" 8 X / *'"  *8 L\!/ X
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‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ OOM

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R 1!N 
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+(8 :eB + F ¤
 /  K  '"H +(8 4444` _  # R 2V _
i!/ A8 ,¤>'!< X 8
˜ +( = ,eB ( :1! eB L'"& u'K
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R K 444?'  +' " :"JM # &/" R ?  2 B
eB
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T
444 !W *` i

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OON ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

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B / 5 B, ^ 8 ,− 5
s  B  + 5 / ˜ 3 − 19 (:
F V,V J^z e " =!D : + X \8 ,._ TF  ? )
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R ¤'H(  'H " /'" @
IN  & ¤P
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+gF &H444¤&/ +!8 ]V  8,A8 +! & '  PB /
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5 '" 2' / A*H  '    ˆ&! +
)8 ._ 2!$F  * /
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4 //) R #( L  = '') $ 5 
A " /  ,"'') V6; F" ( " /  ! 8
8 G H 8 '& 8 C
B / * B, ^ { #& + t' lN   
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‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ OP

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: X

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!44 ._ TF 1 &

: '   •


8 eB ? ?i  Ls @  R8
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R  / @,) R ]' 5F :5  ='B   ,@ & + H R L'>( 5V'_ 8
V,V nT 8 ,J( R 
Y  '  +( :1! X !  eB 45 ! T
 
# :WB − e   V<8 ,e "& l<  -/ 
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‹ „ 444'/,) ª '  ‰ 0 


OO ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

+ F  < @
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R
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p  +M ;|D @ 0': H
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2- l'( :=6N  + 1"8 VNV   >
 = + 
   
#s
( + ' CB R " < W"<: VNV =8 ?- /‘ 8 ?VNV
?+o + 'i
# 1 8 −qr 
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/ * / =D
Ls  C'; C'! T ( 
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?8 ,?) l R ˆ!8 −VNV R AT (  =K –
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‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ O

V 'T8M 
s( e  ˆ
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p) •Q 'T8M
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 VNV8 H">8
N R A8 i !H ,T8 '" F8 T  8 O F 8 'B GM
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4 '*/: aT
,'T8M 
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U-( E
p !N  8!   q<M 2H"> eK8 .';" 8
4
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p) H"> #T / ^F #& 2TP '"  # 5(8
4'0TD 2$z8 w,<M / 1" ’
T 1T8M ’
T  +(8
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,
s( 
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U F 1T8M ?T& ^

8T '0  ' " ^ Tr  1  ,?To G&  LH 2-   8
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2*38 ,A'P 8 #& L'B 1T8M ›'M =0 G" 8
4?TP JC&8 ,›'M =0 JC 2;_/
’
T / A&!  C
1B\  /" :_ eB ? = ' *38
4"VNV
41i M J,& 8 'T8M 
s( L'"&  N/ = ' +( "H
;< 1 'T8M 
s(8 1B& =ZV  'PB W!K WB  ./8
4P*  _ e 7 !D 

…††„ , ='< 4 0 ,VNV ’


T R 2Z/ ;= ' 
O5 ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

^F '6,& ^ LU  A N #8 


7  " tg  e =38
Tr/ +( ' ' ' R JT  F  " €F8 T8 ˆ$ '/ 
4 uKM L'8 1B& ‰s   ' 
="& ?i
: =T   ) ` N'H  ' '& ' &8
"VNV ’
T " 5 ( / e8M Js  C H ,56,&  Tr
 1T8M
'"
pF VNH8 H =( =& H ,i  A8 i '   __D
 /:
4#'i #$ / & '"
pF '  =(8 1"
pF =K /
1D
T ^ 'NV p'K F 'T8M 
s( 1<Tz/ p'K 1* 8
G'N ˆ @s N
1D
T  'NV  +M ,VNV8 V L- LU
'p '˜ s < 'NV
 @" : 'B& s   ' ,5;' 5 ,K8 1& 
45 g ./ ^8 5  / ./ |!P /
?Š 2 >  t$2 !"#$" d9" ' dH 
?!"#$Q Q r+R CD c ‹9 H Cs ‹9 dH
?!"#$Q a  ‹c !1' m1 dH
?$1
R D2  Ti * Cs ‹9$ !G TH ! !$19 dH
=!B \& +" R 2 E
p) LTP + #& + ^ ;
! R
4,' =!B  B '&T  / LTP ‚  G- + ' R ,,'
'Hi0 ] / ]
TP  L8 E
p) , + 5'H e0 ^ ?8
+( Ri  G'N *H ,;' 2TP / 'p ./ uB, 


Ÿ¦„ ,i  ;=T   


‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ O6

 ,PH 88 2/K8 2( 8 2  R wD^ *' SV


s(/ −8T8M LJ" a8 @s N
? /M ,! / 
T 2B,

T 
,6B `Q&
VNV 1D
T  / @B CK 1
, '0
 +F =
,N  5> R ;T C (  ;Lr   2- VNV "+
."VNV •'/ / 
-&8 ˆ>   R + ' 8
− 'H "'&;"/ / + 
? VNH u;_/ + `Q&
5NV + 7,H8
41/ =K / ]' "'H K
*/ '
8 ,G- 2TP  8 #{ + ' V,H .0 B8
¯Tz e "
( ,=BM  G L- ~ Os 
+( '"
p) VNV
4288' #
" I '
8g J1\ ^8 H ^8 VNH ‚ : # 
To GM " 7rF ="/ R
4'B
R ^F VNV8 V ] !
# g :/ 8 ƒ8; ezN 8
?' B 5 ; D8 ,G- _  E7 
?LTP 8 H O F  s0
 1"  ?To G& =3 g8

1 Diogene de laerte vies et dovtrines des philosophes p.1


Œ…−… ,T-  V;_/ ,' ' VNV ’
T ,n '7B ./ LT8 
‹‹„ ,="& 
U ;1-'7 
O= ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

'B GTV ? ,,' =!B . +" =!B VNV ~ *U #  '$8
4'
( 1B& w, <) E7 /  '/(

# + ' V,H e8 "]'7 "H + ' V,H =68 F : gF8
?'˜ "' 'H +( = 
˜ TY
C" = / e8 8 4288' CN ,1"' 'H ,n'/N(F  ]'7
4#'
4'"' 'H e K / ( ]N/8 nTN8
F C
+ ]'7 A/ ]'7 
  ' nT p>'H Cg / 8
4#&
/  ŸŸ *'H 1"8 _/
e8 +H ,'
_ 
  nT p>'H " + wB8s
F e "
8
4_/ R ^F #&
# ]'78 ،"+ ' F VNV =< /
1 T p>'H * .PD
+( 1  n "; / '> 288' T
8
4
_ T J ^ E N

@B '7"N VNV ]


T  @ "
? 1"
p) 1V !&/ +F =
456  LŽ _/ t/ ] ‰r 8 ,5BŽ E
p) Jp i

1 Jean Philippe Omotunde, L`origine negro-africaine du savoir p51


2 Ibid, p56
3 Ibid, p57
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ OK

4OT 0 =>/ '!( 1VNH V/ 5_D  / E! / D N +  


8
."B8N/ 
_/ VNH ' ' VNV "+ eB ' ]'0 4@F 410
*'  "78 ,#*H8 8T&  ˆ' ,''"' 'V i 1 + ' i +8
4phoinikeia '"' V `8
K _D/
 ¤; ]' Š 1"& ' 8 'V 8 lNV  +F
&'!7 '"& @ & " :X 5T +8<  e "
( = ,C&- 8 LTP
=M *'H U  0
= , _ D/ 'p 1*H ,H 8g 5 ˆ' / +N)
IN) ‰  R L 0 / 18 ,*>!/8 *(T/ R +8 N
8 ,#*( =
4""'D + +(  /
! 5( 1"
p) •Q + /  '"$8 8 e " + @ '  
8
V,H • 2" 1  1 '/,) LTPH ,'/,) LTP
*\  =i -
'&0/ F ,`T&/8 TH  / / 5 "8 ,+ '
, 
H '˜ D
T TN/
 I ' V CN( ? /M ,*&/ T 8 
; 8

V ei \ ^ H ,A'p $ ( $
#8 =!" N F  / ˆ'
V + / ‡V  ,"\T  , '  ,1TV ,? "'N
VNV t W/;^ 
T  'H&/ =6N/ F *
 8 ' ' VNV8
4+'N  17 R +o
45' 1& V ei \ !  I '  H

Ÿ¦„ ,='< 1B \ :0 ,"G8N •Q "]'0 4@F 410 4OT 0 
££„ ,’
T  ,288' 
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OL ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

LTP S  8 |  ! S  R I ' V  08 +F #$


 5' =i - 8 LQH & -  1  '/,) LTP / 5B8 '&

H '&0/ T_H 
; 8 T ^8 e8  V tg u / ?
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? T" ]V  L' G' CN  # 1  ' '_8 
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4I ' V 5 1U
G& < H ^8 ,#/:M / /:  
_ H"$ 0 ^ 5 .B  
=_
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: + 
: ‰!
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A'p / @ & 
4~ 8 *H 08  /z Z H ," N
^8 t / / ^8 #/:M / /:  
_ WN' VNV +gF
=&H T 1 = ,/s ’
T / ’
T ^8 ,STM 2TP / LTP
+  T8 ,2 !  ./ C( T 1*H ,2H"> =( R 2' $  T *U
XH ,−+"  – @*)8 L !  ' ! / +  T8 ,H/: 2 !
 n– 5'{8 A/ 1  8 ,e& #* ' 1Z" 8 ,A! e  #
4—ts r  q p o
k # / VNV + T" ;#*V ¤;!Z8 E B "F   
^ 1   €
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F 0D/
 ^ '˜ H&/ 
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2T8 • ! J s(/
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o :7H LT  
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ OM

W!K  −LK& K<


 – 2VNV / '>( R -/: 8 ,`0
=i - =" T &
8 , NH STM = e " >( V,V ›& e "
VNV t  # / 8 ,lNV / 5 =i \ / T" NV / VNV
=" : 8 ^  pM8 .8M AT 7 G; R ="& 1"!
: 1  
 */
=" ^ ; &8 #'"8 G,<M =" ,T! ^8 §& ^8 8 L'_!
4H  '";  2T _ 
+F = ,L  '";  'VNV H& / '> # H
4H& ;!  2T* / #  ;!  2T*
 'B / CT ,V ^ 1  X 2( /  ? ? #&8
+0 8 L;V8 8 L'_!  = -
*H ,L  VNV
#& 6"H ,L8 ' "8 E; 8 #'_ 8  &8 #'"8 ]8
4* _ ^ 5B78
,'";  '&Z   '" *NV 2'9 B { L<  VNV -/ 
G7 ''"  &N +o 1*H ,.H  #& L'>( q< G7 / *NV W/H
4L/ H&/ F e K  ' *Zp +M ;#*V8 #8 T _ 
*NV 1 1  L" VNV K& A ^    
8
4@& #
™ #& @ ]' :1 1 8 ,* WN
G7 '" 8/   K& VNV A  R ]'6 C!N T8
*  1  "'P L  ]V VNV W<H ,K& ? #& 6B8
;CNH 
W ƒ 8 ,ƒ   *NV 2_"H ,5NV  1&'!; #&
‫‪ON‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

‫‪,—¾  ½ ¼ » º ¹ ¸   ¶ µ– 5& | : # / WH‬‬


‫‪9‬‬
‫‪W"'9 Z8 ,5 8 '^ ^ 1&'!; #& G7 CZ 0: VNV W<8‬‬
‫‪,5 * /8 5"678 1N 1!
  #& 6B  5 _8 ="& 2/F‬‬
‫‪#& ,
g WZ8 ,* _ ^ ‚ /8 ,0 E678 !T B HY 2"VH‬‬
‫‪45'&N  KT8 5T 
 8 ATN _/‬‬
‫‬ ‫ 
!‪  1‬‬
‫^  ‪+  +‬‬

‫وﻫﻨﺎ ﻳﺄﺗﻲ دور ﺣﺪﻳﺜﻨﺎ ﻋﻦ ﻛﻮة اﻟﻌﻠﻢ اﻟﺘﺠﺮﻳﺒﻲ‪ ،‬وﻫﻞ ﻫﺬه‬


‫اﻟﻜﻮة ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺿﻴ‪J‬ﻘﺖ واﺳﻌًﺎ؟‬
‫وﻫﻞ ﺣﺮﻣﺖ اﻹﻧﺴﺎن ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﺎدر أﻛﺜﺮ وﺛﻮﻗﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻘﻴﻤﺔ‬
‫واﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ واﻷﺧﻼق؟‬

‫  ‪©Œ†¨ 
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LT‬‬
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ O5P

‫ﻛﻮﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺮﻳﺒﻲ‬


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4'p  '& LrD V −…
4'     '& LrD e_V J−Ÿ
4#& # ="/ R L' #  ˆ
−Œ
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x
#& 2r<  ' =" ^ +&/ &! N
5 &'!; #& #−¦
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^ 1 8 _"8 
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9 : T!  L'
4#*V ' C
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k
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 &!8 1 Z  descriptive 1V'K  &!:  ?_ `Q^
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O5O ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

='  R C'& = ,5!'  =' @& ‚*   R C' ^8


R *  ,' K e! 2g8 T 8 J 8 
/ 2( L,_H ,` 
JH  1i!
C08  / 8 ' LB: : _ BM 'N) '  LrD
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T 8 L 8 5
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 T" # +F * T *3 
 + 8 */ R * " + C
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4* B
 &/  s & `Q 5 KD "'P 5 ( #& W / &H
 &8 
i8 L-  f − 0  E; 1  K  f\  fM
5 *( +F = As & #& l 
k #8,−g f =(8 G,<M8 '"8
,8-/ 'i *K8 # = ,*  &/ ^ 1 8 pTV fM t  K8
#* B "'" +ŽH ,@& #&  #& @& e^ ^ ;i/ * '& A8
ezN l_ +   a0   H&/  s   : 
_ 

0) A +   '!


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? ; 8 ,' IN)  0  =i-
8 s'
/ #M LT_/  ? ;
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f −= 1V 5 / @s
^ −1!
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! /8
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ O5

#& t

 t
? 8 ,u'_  ]& +F = −L- 
8 J1\  C'
^ ' L' / U Z
?  ' ,& / L<o8
4—W V  U T S R Q P O N– J1\ F =_

R ˆ!   qr "; fM  2 N 


r 8H
4'"' R !pT8 # ›/  −1!
  #& −„D  0 
|iZ 8/ " −J& / =H .0 R−</ \ t
T
H eB (8
8* C&_
 & F e  ' ,'N J
s'V CB R   @  =(
1    T R #'U 1 H = T _ 8 5!\ /M8 ,* /
4"* / + 

,OTD R 5' 1 ( J'\M E6" yTF  KB 5 &'!; ="&


e A / r 10TD #&  =;
: | !N  ,>/
 ="&H
^ f' ="&  SV 18 ,yT '8 #'V/ 1 & 8 categories
+N) s &'H ,#&  0 ^  U 5_ f' ,J'\M #*H R ;D

,+N) LTB q/8 #& &'!7 A8 ,J'\M 7  "'" F gV  
7  `&
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2 Elias, N., Problems of Involvement and Detachment, p.288
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‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ O5K

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‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ O6P

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Against Method 5 (  'H u H 8 ,H& E R ‰ /8 ‰8-/


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1 Feyerabend, P., Against Method, p.261


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1 Sheldrake, R., the Science Delusion, p.214


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‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ O66

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1 Gee, H. (2012) Different Kinds of Truth, the Guardian,


Friday 31 August 2012
2 Sloan, D. (2012) Atheism as a Stealth Religion ; Hoffpost,
Posted 12/14/07
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2 Norman C. What is Science, p.163
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p.467
2 Lakoff, G. & Johnson, M.(1999) Philosoohy in the Flesh,
p.44
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erfly_effect.html.
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2 http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/why -do- americans -still-dislike atheists
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Posted 12/14/07
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2 Charles Darwin to W. Graham, the Life and Letters of
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? 5/&( A 08 ? 5)  /

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nM #6B  t/  + l'( t 'M ,'   @  / t ,</ R T8

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e " #$ ,W'  / e< !8 W! 78 W!* < A R W


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‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ 66
5) 2VK / VK 
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‫ﻭﺍﻵﻥ ﻧﻨﺘﻘﻞ ﻟﻠﻔﺮﻉ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺮﻭﻉ ﺍﻹﻟﺤﺎﺩ ﺃﻻ ﻭﻫﻮ‬
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‫ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ ﺍﻟﻼﺃﺩﺭﻳﺔ‬
Burden of Proof ‫ﻦ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻋﺐﺀ ﺍﻹﺛﺒﺎﺕ؟‬‫ﻣ‬
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Weak Agnosticism !"9p !%() −
Apathetic Agnosticism !a V* !%() −5
Agnostic atheism $ !%() −6
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‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ ‫=‬

‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﺣﺪﻳﺜﻨﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻕ ﺍﻹﻟﺤﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺙ‬

‫"ﺍﻹﻟﺤﺎﺩ‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻮﺑﻴﺔ‪ -‬ﺍﻟﻼﺃﺩﺭﻳﺔ"‬

‫ﺟﺎﺀ ﻭﻗﺖ ﺗﻌﻄﻴﺮ ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﺑﻨﺴﺎﺋﻢ‬

‫ﻣﻦ ﺩﻻﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮﺓ‬

‫ﻭﻳﻌﻘﺒﻬﺎ ﻟﻤﺤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺁﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﷲ ﻓﻲ ﺧﻠﻘﻪ!‬


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below. (The boxed area in the Sanskrit text identifies the
word Mahamad or Mohammad).

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& /8 Π2T! Π=_V ٠Js  
3 Bhavishya puran: prati sarg, part lll: 3, 3, 5
PROPHET MUHAMMAD IN HINDU SCRIPTURES.
http://www.cyberistan.org/islamic/prophhs.html
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ K

A malechha (belonging to a foreign country and


speaking foreign language) spiritual teacher will appear
with his companions. His name will be Mahamad...
The translation of Verses 5-27 (Sanskrit text of the
Puranas, Prati Sarg Parv III: 3, 3) is presented below
from the work of Dr. Vidyarthi.
“A malechha (belonging to a foreign country and
speaking foreign language) spiritual teacher will appear
with his companions. His name will be Mahamad. Raja
(Bhoj) after giving this Mahadev Arab (of angelic
disposition) a bath in the 'Panchgavya' and the Ganges
water, (i.e. purging him of all sins) offered him the
presents of his sincere devotion and showing him all
reverence said, 'I make obeisance to thee.' 'O Ye! the
pride of mankind, the dweller in Arabia, Ye have
collected a great force to kill the Devil and you yourself
have been protected from the malechha opponents (idol
worshipers, pagans).' ‘O Ye! the image of the Most Pious
God the biggest Lord, I am a slave to thee, take me as
one lying on thy feet.'
K5 ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

“The Malechhas have spoiled the well-known land of


the Arabs. Arya Dharma is not to be found in that
country. Before also there appeared a misguided fiend
whom I had killed [note: e.g., Abraha Al-Ashram, the
Abyssinian viceroy of Yemen, who attacked Mecca]; he
has now again appeared being sent by a powerful enemy.
To show these enemies the right path and to give them
guidance the well-known Mahamad (Mohammad), who
has been given by me the epithet of Brahma is busy in
bringing the Pishachas to the right path. O Raja! You
need not go to the land of the foolish Pishachas, you will
be purified through my kindness even where you are. At
night, he of the angelic disposition, the shrewd man, in
the guise of a Pishacha said to Raja Bhoj, "O Raja! Your
Arya Dharma has been made to prevail over all religions,
but according to the commandments of ‘Ashwar
Parmatma (God, Supreme Spirit), I shall enforce the
strong creed of the meat-eaters. My follower will be a
man circumcised, without a tail (on his head), keeping
beard, creating a revolution, announcing call for prayer
and will be eating all lawful things. He will eat all sorts
of animals except swine. They will not seek purification
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ K6

from the holy shrubs, but will be purified through


warfare. Because of their fighting the irreligious nations,
they will be known as Musalmans (Muslims). I shall be
the originator of this religion of the meat-eating nation".
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5( ?_ C&- ='D , * C'  I '/ N
+ / P

 ,?\ "&/ `7 Š +8' 8M + / / 2/0
?T8Z 5  ,="& 5! N
^ O  5F ,!
" e& ]V  '
TM
4'H8 _ s / t ' =: 
N '(8 |!P OD
+ / =( R8 E! / V'38 =( R HUVI
 
8 !' & l63  A ]'
"/  V "' J& EN
,O 
4K   s6 
5PL ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

A E< N
8 ,J& J^z e "& *!
 t'/a + I$9a dH
!!?0 8 2 /8* A E< N
8 ,e "&
B €
&/: W ' ' l638 aV
: + 
: T ;  + ='D = HUWI
¥ ' 1!_& =K  =>/ ' /
1  '6'' =8 ,'!_& 2' -
s€8 C  8 1- 8 y t& H ,P&8 C_& ' =6 ="
R  =( ;;D ?V 8 ,t/&7 .! 8 tN y : 8 y*3 1 > 8 tT
#'N T" J;F F *' F LT\) e K8 U  / '> / Js0
G <^ 1 8 t/ & R @&; ` B8 1 &
z7! ?8 ,A'V F
" !T" gD  =!B N  / Js0 T  =(   TU ^ 8 ,2 8
 Þ  Ý Ü ۖ w- =(8 ( =(8 V'38 = "'B L
& X t"<
4—à   ß
^ +o #& J =( + `Q&
 t'/a + #& = −
0T  &H
+ LT!0 6/8 B, 2&/0 /   / / = + &'; N

R  ;P
' R ,¡4¡¡ V_ 0 G H 5 & _
J1\ ?M 1 
W  8M STM f' R '"& '6 -& + #'N  U ]V
!!?+N)8 L'8 1 
2 /* 2- / 8 + / = <  g/ ¤/
2V =@ HUXI
W <  g/ ,Q'' / + ' / Js0 T" t/ =< ? 1 
!!?y
,< / '< =( R L' '( ' 2T'/ $,$ =K / L' '( '

©‹‹¨ 
o :=  LT  
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ 5PM

A;i/: '* 2T\) =" 1 8 t_ T8/ =( ='D HUYI


- ,f ;J!  /− '* y,M ./ +o  =&V (– a "!;
40aF
 t C!N 8 .'P 8 '* LT\)
/ U  0 tŽH t&!KŽ ;'N L8 ( ?z 1 ='D HVPI
K8 =( 
{ R 16'' aH) #$ ,'* '!_& 2,K  / 6
F LT\) e  #$ ,1  C_& 2' - '˜ 6''( LT\) ="
?8
U '6''( LT\F  & T8 1  1!_& T  e 7  '*( LT\F
8 *P!B 
 1  P& F LT\) =_ + F 8 ,T8 e!
‰"
F |!Z &
#$ ,'!  A )8 L "8 T" ]V  OD H *;N
4'> / lM / Js0 R  =( ,C(/: /M +(  2,P&
+ '/ …Œ¡− w8D/8 '_: + '/ …Œ¡ ~ 
-! '& '!\ HVQI
,+  + '/ ‹ ' s''  ,Q' .T8 Q'/ * 8 ,− 16 Z =!" N/
E7  = & C'K:M ^F8  ^ 8   LP/ L/ '& R8
4L 
./ yQ\^ #& R  G8 " =- : 1  '" / HVRI
,
“  $z ^   *
i  
/ '8 
 = ^ {ŽH ,'& 
4L \!/ J * / ' N(8M  =_ 8 ,'& ‰ / / qi F8
/ @
 e,< =(š  ^F8 ,STM R _  q B I$ + M  '/ HVSI
4AT *3
q / R * ( ‰N   ?8( =\ < J @ 2( HVTI
− L  /   *NV d
V 8 2'P& =( / *NV d
V  @ " 8 ,@
5PN ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

' N(8M = |"H ­V  −L  * B, ^ L' + 1 &
8
[  ,' 0 ' f
s0 + '/ Ÿ‹¡ e L  
 .N t8
 =B
=\ ? 2D  8 ,1 6 2 
|"H l_  F J 2
4L' q/ L ''M / I&
+N) +ŽH ?8 =- `,D

T  * L  H @ " #$ '&/: =\ D ' ' 
,< HVUI
4H3M8 &- =-:  2  + T" 8
a*  OD/ @K 
  
,D '
,/ .  Tr / HVVI
 &/ ^ *( @_H 
˜ V /M +( 8 ,' ' 'PB ]' 5 ./ ?1P*
  8 2,PV O8< R #
 6 +  =_' / =H ,5
’ ="
gF + 
/ C  / Ls' . 
@_  +F #$ 42 

]! 
/ +N) `&'H ,5V< L 0  L CN l D
nNF
R E<: 6 E' "
; CNM `_  T"'H ,a @ u
T  = 5<
4#
" N
”'&' +( 5ŽH C =>/ #\  +N + ,>/ T _  HVWI
 T ! K  e ! / ggT  08   5 ' 2U ]& 8  
 á à     ß ޖ T"‘   0 / J1\ =H ,5  2T' 2f/ &  JV7F
4— â
4@ Œ¡¡ a8
  +ŽH ,#V / ]- W(  ='D HVXI

©œ†¨ 
o :" LT  
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ 5OP

]- / '˜ /
STŠ =_ 1  B; '( $ J& T [B8 HVYI
*D
T r 
-! * &0 1  28> =( + ? ,'˜ /
5' 0 T'/  ‹¡ 
x
~  ' #& ? yT! H ,|"H 8 x R ]- B7 & 1V ^ 5(
*\
4—qp o n m l k j i h g– ON
=V 1  18 0T ŸŒ ='/ 
8s ]- e  'N STM HWPI
e  t .  8 ,©.'8 ,J -8 ,l
D8 ,l'_¨ &T^ e _V
W ~ 08 *\ H8 #6 l'K R GQ JK F STM |8
  a ` _ ~ } | {   z y– ,‚> / @(T
4—cb

Y  +N) ' ! C / T" / W$ @U  T* 8 =' CB& 8 HWQI
 J1\ =( GQ^ C(  ›&!( @
 L- T*  +( H ,!' 
4=' LQH STM  J1\ =(  8 ,T*  LQH ST^
@B ? @U   =PV8 &' ^ / E'B @U  J0 +  HWRI
R  U A~ LV ^8  8 ˆ! +N) .'; N
E'B +s'/ 
 q po n m l k  j i h g f e– eQ8 = k
4—ut s r
?  C( ( =>/ ,\! KT =!B C( (  H ''V +F =
4E'B ED +s'/ =PV AKT =!B 5 H>(8 5 *088 5  
 #

© …¨ 
o :+BV LT  
©…†¡¨ 
o :+ eY LT  
©£†¨ 
o :@&M LT  
5OO ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

!e 8 T8 +_(   2B D =' #


#  ='D HWSI
,+ . ^8 H"$ W"  ^8 LTP W/B    = : # 
4* X ='  " 8   #N N ='D8 e ( DP 2B DH
!
 (  Q
W ( !<i dDRa ( \ 
4-  !9 . +k  dDa 8
 M L KJ  I H G F E D C B A–
4—ON
?l&P !N  |"H l  *0 / +(8 T!   DN : #  ='D HWTI
,B,& 'N L8>   _ 8 8 
-! 2a8 
4a8 ^ STM / &" R 
-! 2_^8
a@Õ܁@pbíe@åß@òíŁ@òÈ튍@ò@oãb×@êˆç
 Äà  Á À ¿ ¾ ½ ¼ »œ
ÉÈ Ç Æ Å

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‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ ‫‪5O‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬
‫ﺍﺩﻋﺎءﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﻠﺤﺪﻳﻦ‬
5O5 ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

@ @åí†zܽa@paõbÇ…a
@åß@ 
r r×@ õñ ï‘ë@ áèmbØÛŒÏë@ Låí†zܽa@ paõbÇ…a@ åÇ@ t†znä@ lbjÛa@ aˆç@ ¿
@ @NáèmbĐŽÐ
‫وﺳﻨ!ﻄﻴﻞ اﻟﻨﻔﺲ ﻣﻊ ﻛﺜﺮة اﻹدﻋﺎءات ﺣﺘﻰ ﻧﺨﺮج ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺔ‬
‫ وﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﻨﻴﺔ ﻓﻜﺮﻳﺔ‬،‫ اﻹﻟﺤﺎد ﺧﺒﻂ ﻋﺸﻮاء وﻣﻐﺎﻟﻄﺔ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻴﺔ‬:‫ﺑﻨﺘﻴﺠﺔ أن‬
.‫ﻼ ﻋﻦ ﻋﻘﻠﻴﺔ‬
ً ‫أو ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻴﺔ ﻓﻀ‬
STM L ED # *
+  &/ H ,#DZ +  +  1
HQI
?t L'i_
:‫ﺍﻟﺮﺩ‬
STM #  LT"8 +  #  /DZ N '>(
 L, =i-
:
+ 8 10 SQH  = -
@,   ,+N) #  1 8
4=' ?   / SH 8 ,N R $z/ 5 šZ 8 J1- #  /DZ
? & #  F8 ,+N 1N #  Lr& WN' ,>/ 5F #$
X +s'/ R #  +( 8 ,/M8 G_8 G,<M( #  , J'\M
+ ' +F #$ ,/M = 8 STM8 28N W T!  
/ # + ' + 1 &
 =*H ,2 2T' 28' / #DZ
?"#" A* '  '" /8 ?  # (  &/ /8 ?28'
5 @ ?'i_ 6 # *
^8 5 /DP #DP 6 # *
X =8
?CNM @U 8 Ga .'  =V(
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ 5O6

iK– n  nT / iK ;" T_/ ST^8 28N +F #$


1'6
s'H =( #s
t( ]' ,−2 2T'/ 2T' LT + 8 /
?‚ ‚'! " !7 #&
  C"$ F *( 'N-    W  8 1!N #  P


4−C&/ Q'  ¡4† STM #  −'iK ]!'\ ]'( a8 H
@ M + 
J'\M  # ^8 @ M WN' 'P" +gF
44 e"$M8 +a8M8
C N
J1\ $ = +o8 ,~&' 8 J'\M A yTF 1 'P"
^F GT V yT
J1\ $ = ?+N) ^F @ M ' 2B,& A
8T8 ED U8 y,HM /DZ8 ' " yT
J1\ $ = ?+N)
?+N) ^F 
 & )
'p e 8 E'N  &
8 J LT  + yT
J1\ $ =
1  '6
s'V / U  8T8 y,HM 2T/ yT
J1\ $ = ?+N)
?+N) 'p +  #
'˜ 0  '8 '˜ (TF +  s(/ +N) +  J& l D
^ +gF
4 '˜
 eaM  /8 '˜ 6
s'H >
8
R +  X E< gH 4P&/ +  T *3 < +  1
HRI
?'p +8 U A
:‫ﺍﻟﺮﺩ‬
e>/ 'N V,H 5 $ ?8 1;TM V R r(M e\)
8M &  "? #& "e & <     ' 8 1TV
5O= ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

,#& @"k  "H ,−C!N   '  <   −"& 8 5! X"
+ X T < gH &  e & < 8 ,C!N   '  2< H
k
2VK 5 TB8 5 TF + t T" l'(8 ,#& 5'H 0 ' " ^  B8 $z

?2 6B 
B
WH€ 5 ( R @ l B  / 1si 50 1;NVN ezN 
 a H ,& 
 +  $ U
  ;A/ * 8 ,V,V
*  W" V >
 f { + U
8 ,18 , )  *( #*6Y  + "

− 1si  0 T: + TB  ,


 _/" 2P +g
!q<: L/
   −X 5T
,C!N   '  <   @ F X 5T 1si @/) Cg
?'a LTŽ '&/: WB8 R #& • X + . H
• L "8 LT) t T$Y 8 ,' 
B ' 'a LTF8 LTB 8g XH
!J\  /

8N / *&'0 +/aM +M ;5'H J1\ ^ E^ WB  X '_D /
4−LK& J
s'V i +/a, −*'H •M T *3 =!B
  '  − ,&  e & < a  1si \T  EH8 B8
 #& E< $Y = ,WB8  WB8 $z
# X + `Z 5 8 ,−C!N
!5/
WN'8 −& 8 5! 5 g − 2 @"  #&  X @" 8
X8 ,,K +/a 5"
^ XH ,−+8 +/s E< 5M −+/s @"
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ 5OK

 08   NV
: ? '  =  8 ,5 e8 ^8 J1\ 5>( ]'
!r(M 5 '" (T8 @,)  0  X =PV8 ,#&
5/"
s0 1-'(  0 1 @ / ED LH +F : e "
HSI
45 g 5 u
' /z
:‫ﺍﻟﺮﺩ‬
­H =- : H_ P

 ,s0 1-'(  0 T ;  
U t( 
5 '9 B ? 'NV   &/  J    @s
 1 8 ,a' / ?'NV
4  /s
: ^8 ,5NV
*' 8 **H 
' ! EH8 L3 =( =
+ C
8 =
^ ED LH W( +ŽH ,1& ='  +'
T ;  ^8 H_ ^ 
45/  /M *' E!;
T ; 8 H_ LVH 'NV  =
+F = ,!M 0 R =<
  ED + /M C'  / 
#H , *& WV< +F8 '!!N E;/  OD ^  *  " !7 Ls &
4!^ "'" ' V @
M / /
ED 

#  l'H 1 8 ,'!N +  T 


-!  r< : e "
HTI
?€';&
:‫ﺍﻟﺮﺩ‬
? :e " 8 , 'B8 
-!  rD @ ^   

?*'F @ ^ @8 *'   + !;/   0T< / =x '
5OL ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

4—ON M L K– ?>( ^ e   /  ]'

?VK =+  B7 ‰  / +  1


HUI
:‫ﺍﻟﺮﺩ‬
4wmape 2';& " !7 ,V_ ?8N
^ +  B7 ‰  /
!VK =+  B7 ‰  / + SQV  
4*( + B ='&V  #B: 8 ,VK =©+¨ + ©−¨ + B   E<:
?*!B  0  =" N
8 / U  'N
: + " =
i'K8 ,/ U  2,V LT K 8 / U   0  . + " + @
?*
?V'3  Tr : + " H&/ + SQV   ?/  08 + " =
?=V  &'!; 1&'  ;&/:  @ ,1!B‘ 10  ;  08 + " =
LT/: L8  '  1;& 
/ 2,V @U  &'  :  + "
!**H8 KT 
3 / LT _
!'! 8  Z8
 :  1 i : ^ + " H&/ +F #$
/M 
s = , "

s
= ,*'& F 0 1V
^ * | KT8 LU  0 H
4t 0

©¦œ¨ 
o :l* LT  
2 arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph0011469/v1.pdf
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ 5OM

+ B H&/ =! :"% & IH" 5 ( R l


\ 8 T ( e "

/ 
p8 * ! !N/: 8 LT'N  [ "/:  08 1V
LT'N R 1< GQ^
?* 5& K
4"?'˜ * /8 '˜ "; /  ;< / U  / LT'N  "/: &!  + 
^
sH"
8 mT" =*0  8  C&
1&  + -
:=>/ 2 5 ^"/ ¬  8 ,''-  5 / U / 1 !' '";  2;i
LN B §V {F ,"44 ­s8 sVB8 V78 88 •8 L H8 *3"
'K t  + =!B #*0 =i- ,H ,''!
 8 J& / 008
45  + $
/
^ / +  L- =
= T−‚ (8 Og  +  1
HVI
4J1\
:‫ﺍﻟﺮﺩ‬
@ *V/   &
,+  1/  Og   8 = T−‚ (8 Og 
5;
8 1'D  #B @ *V E'!; 8 imaginary time 1'D  /s
4L/ e8M ‚ (8
@B t ,'˜ "'" BT
   H œ− #B 1&'Q T    > gŽH
x .Z8 / 8 ,5  08 ^ ? #B  F '-' x s/T .Z  ‚ (8
‚ (8 5/D  /  ,1'D /a ‚  /s N KD 5 ^&/ R
4e8 0 / F 0 ea 5 N R
'V '&  ]'6T Sir Herbert Dingle =  2 ' T"

'  / 'K
 +( gF ''D  @BTM @ *V/ + ,Q  '
5ON ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

=( 5H&
e> tg  e N
8 ,'"'!;  '  R 5 T!  ,H ,'Z

x  / V'3  ' ; e0  +( gF :2'Z
 'T '/, 
 ,!8 !0 / 2^ ^ /  * 2^& ›& R x +(8
/ =\ ? 8 ,
{ ^8 VK8 C(/  ,1'D 8 N(8 u'K
'V3   ¨ x r &  '(   ŽH ,''Z
 e " €8 1  e\^
^ 2'Z
 +F ,2^ ^ 1B ›H8 ,! 0 / 'K
 BT
 ©' ;
E;    & 8 EN e> R =6! ' T' <^ 8 .'; N
4 8 LrD8
R ''D  @BTM .Z8  - ? 1'D  /s +ŽH #$‘ /8
#B e!:  gF 1"'" /a F C" '8 ,5 T!  ^ ‚ (8 2^&/
4e8M C!N F 0 *U    ,1"'" #B 1'D 
416
s'H  08 5 ]' 1 8 ,'6
s'H '( ]' CN T  +gF
R 5' L,   e &
&
# = T−‚ (  Og  0N U8

4+  L- 'NV
 ' " |!P /8  ˜0 #U / +  :
  e "
HWI
NV ' " +M ; 0 / 'p X +gF " −'! q N − 8( q N
' " t  |!P / 'p + " :+ <Y / e "
 ' ,"J1\ =(  
; 0 / 'p X +gF "−?T W 'i_ q N − 8
 q N/ 
4" '6 - y  +M

'8 G8- T ,l


\ 84 ,) H<  ( /   
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ 5P

:‫ﺍﻟﺮﺩ‬
OD
+ #* ,#& e,3 R 1&  TP K,< A
57 +( 8   ,X  0  ATF8 5VB / # '6p8 "!N/  ' 
@U     ' + 0D
LT H
 ,'"&  ) 5 / @s
8 ›B / 1"&
!@U,    ' + 0D
L T 8
,'! q N – 8( q N/  +  w!P „ _D /
@ 5 "/  08 1V
= + "  0 H−y,HM8 C( 8 2  q N/
?5"< 8T8 A 08 (z

/ J0  0 8 *' E!;


L/8 +/a F O 
+ " +F #$
 0   + " '"! SQV
 + @ ,+/,8 +/a,
??
,'i_ q N – 8
 q N/  '6 -& „ _D /
'N
1   8
 #&H ,'6 -&  08 ,H −?T +8 ,1  
i
8\ &/ =>/ *  '
^ /TK 'Z
T 2^&/ EH8
Heisenberg equation Ors
 &/8 Schrödinger equation
l_ *(8 Planck–Einstein equation 
 -
 t, &/8
4V D/ '/ ( 2^
 8 16 -& ]'8 1 ) &   8' q N/ R .B  
=(8 STM8 28N @ 'B XH ,& 8 5! X '/ 'B "'" OD
+ STM8 28N tN
5! *H ,A! + f\ / +\ R  @x

5O ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

 o n m l   k j i hg f e d c b a– ^8s


4—p
+ =' N
8 ,K<8 5/ 5 '/ '"H ,#6B 1  ( e  *8a +M
R '6{ ^ 2^  / 8( q N/  |!P ~ +  OD

* ‡H8 STM8 28N @ 'B X +M ^F ,8


 1   e 
 ±°¯– 5"D CNM8 uKM T D
8 J-
/ ED
WB8 =( R
4—¿¾ ½ ¼ » º¹ ¸ ¶ µ ´³ ²
!N/ =x 0 F 5;!Z8 +  @8 P
? 5! A8 *H
ED  /M E!;
^ gH ;C! 5 J1\ =( +  1
HXI
?5 g
:‫ﺍﻟﺮﺩ‬
gH ,A 08 (z
= E<  08 . 
^ 8 ,C! 5 J1\ =( :‫ﺃﻭﻻﹰ‬
]' AF +(8 ?1;NVN ezN  F AV( 'PB ='Q  @ "

4 ezN * = 
F ' F 1 B8 lB /  F8 ,5 g R =
   R  Q– J1\ 5>( ]' X  ,C! 5 J1\ =( :‫ﺎ‬‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴ‬
4—S

 o :7H LT  


 ; o :_" LT  
 o :qT - LT  
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ 5

EDH =B ? 5! N


8 |'N8 1(g N A* 1
 = :‫ﺛﺎﻟﺜﹰﺎ‬
J1\ =( + *
!H 1 8 ,5 B D/  E!;
/ 5' E!;
^8 C'p
4J1\ 5>( ]' / ./ ST& ^ C! 5 + 
+ C

E!; ,H ,+8 +/s 0 /8 +8 +/s 8 OT< ED8


4  5  0 / ' B 5'
e>/   G N8 ,," . / 16{, =NN  e "
? = :‫ﺎ‬‫ﺭﺍﺑﻌ‬
O 
 8 KKT G,7F 

? 0 y  +( " ,5KK 8 ? 
,
{^ /  ’ 5 /  6B / /M O 
6"8 ,5 /  6B / /M
5
{^ / F 1!!N =NN  + ( '!
e>8 4"   5KK E; H
1" C08  ,NN  5 C! ^ e8 C!  08 C
8 ,. /
4−1"
s'H '/ – J1\ ? =>( ]' '(  C!N *H 5'8 ,1"; /8
',"8 '"; / >(M ƒ;  'P" A R 1
 ƒ; :‫ﺎ‬‫ﺧﺎﻣﺴ‬
1a J1\ 5>( ]'8 +   / ]' E<  0 H ,/ F >(M8
4="& BM =  5 E<8 +  0 /
4 "  08  1 i : + " H&/ +  1
HYI
:‫ﺍﻟﺮﺩ‬
, "  1 i
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Posted 12/14/07.
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 R *( '
   @ B8 ,5&H
+ ="& .'; N
^ ? J1- 8
.7" ='– ?T;Z^ =' ^  8 'V   @ "

H ,!
1*) l'  "V
: ? −]-  08 =>/ =" eF 5 / @s
^ ?
4A &/
;Z ,'&!  e L&! *
 ATF8 '!!N ATŽ )8
L 
E; 8 ="& B *
H ,/ ^ '&! ‚ : L&! + SQH^
+ SQH @ , 0  E< 2!$F8 1"& '!!N +r #'N  !="&
4?J1\ =(8 +N)8 '&! W  L&!
?#&  R #'_   0  . B + 1 l'( : e "
HVPI@
@ @Z…ŠÛa
4 0  w!P8 #& '"; / / E;
#&
 *H ^8 #&  !   A^ 8 #&  R ? 0 J1\ #'_ H
4#&   J1\
4#'_  E!N +
)  1 !/ &'!; @U  !H
4K8 z!  /   

‘ / 8 ,' "8 2!>  0  #N


P


B #& ' !H ,&' ^8 #*V B ' " @s 
 0  P


8 +Y x R &' , B8 efficacy 2^& l'K 
4ADN: +8 , 0  C N + ED T "H accessibility

l
\ 84 ,) H<  ( 18 / 
6OL ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

+ yT) 1D
T =K −ED ' −'  e " + #s =
e K  ˆ
 #& 
p8 ,L8 /< /8 L8 '   #U / + 
 @ "
5( ˆ
 #&H TOE J1\ =( NV 1  L  
U  F
t  ]' J& e " R " N
? 5) + @s  = ,'  n
45"< / 6!   a8  ED  F8 ' $  T _
-! [ !
# = , 0    w!P  ^F #" # 2TP +F =
4' B .! &'!; + E!N/ #'N  ^F #& 2TP =( r
1 !/ T &\ 8 ED #_ Z'H
 T &\
 1;&
#'_  &' H
L'  W /  8 ,1" n'B ]'8 \!/ 1" yTF 
0 ?+ _
J& =…†Œ  @ R 
 -
 Phyllis Wright
/z
^ '˜ "'" 
 T _  ^8 ,„< 1
 T &- #& &-
:
 -

4t
4/ /
J1\ =( / 
i `&' #& : e "
HVQI
@ @Z…ŠÛa
'V'8 
i / ,*
U 'V' `&
|"H ,
i `&
 #&
,  e0 =
+ .'; N
 #& P

 ,#& * B, ,H * "'"
+ M EK, 8 ª" ' 8 {$8 + M 
"/ =
+ 

5 B, ,H   . K / 
i8 '" / ,+  g 2^ 8
^ /    L-/ / ]V  R ."
? 1  ] P

 ,#&
4#& 5*V

45 TB OT<8 ,#& L6 OT< ." LT$F8 ' fM >( +F =
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ 6OM

#k& '_ 5 ( R Sir Peter Medawer T8/ Q' ' e "

>( #k& R "> "V


: J1\ ^" :adivce to a young scientist 'i_
,) H< ¨ 4"/ /
fM =(  C'
+ 
#& + A“ /
©4n4@
/ 
i / ?   g =>/ G,7)  2^“N  |N +F =
?   08
4#& '/P/ =< '6 8 0F * 0 ^ 2^“N  A
,," N/
˜ 
i =K   s &
−|"H #& ]'8– 5 g ="& +F =
 0  −
– rD J0 gŽH ,* 'B_/  #
+ .'; N
 
 5 
^ T7)  R −
 – rD +ŽH , &/  0 8 
p  "D +8 ,E<

8 #*V |!P
8 LT _ =
:  = ="& P
^8 #& =;&
:
4?-!  0  R ' >(M fM  0) ƒ;
8 ,A ^
‚6  R T8 5 K + Ors
   '"
, 8 ' ,   P


)   P

 1 &
8 ,E; 'p8 2!> @ 1 &
/ 8 , 
( 5 g #& &'!7 #'K / T _"H , 0 =( 
 R A8 #& F
4e8M ! R 9 _H
tg / #DZ '_
+  / +( +N) +  1
HVRI
?#
" N R E<: 5F :+  " gH ,,>/ L " R
?"6H 2T" +N) . 
^ g P


?
,!8 S/Š S&
g8
?#
" N R ED
: #
6ON ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

@ @Z…ŠÛa
  ˜ T "?g  / WN" 5 ( R 2H #
( g :M e "

/z/ 1
^8 ,
'
W 0   `8 , I1a #( , t$2R  # &! :ezN
45F F e   t( u!K  5M ;=/( G D/ +N) + =B
 '_' E<: F8 ,  S
^ 5F '_' +N) ED
: #H
4"-
 Á À ¿ ¾ ½ ¼ » :s
s& 5 ( R =08 s X e "

4ÃÂ
/ U / 
 T" 'V'38 L8 / U / #& - = : +H \]# IS
?X E<   
  ,+N) R 'V'38
2&/ 8 LT!  ._8 8 LT)8 #&8 ="&  
T K |N LP/  s &  a /8 !LT)8 LT)8 |';D 8 B,&
2/ U  |N LP/  s &8 ,G,7)  6( ? R 1 
41 6( ? R 'V'3 
,
i8 `*8 Si  "
G,7)  ' 2 6 GH
t  J  k =&H T J;F #$ 2/ & =' 8 1  .  8
l {ŽH y / Jpk T  J0  'D L'8 !'/M ,>/ ,2/ &
!'!: – y
^  $ Ji +(  ' R ,*
^   T 5  *Tg
4nQ +8 5 E_  {ŽH – -
4n  ^8 _ ^8 ' ^8 ’/ , 'D '8 6( !'/M8

©……¨ 
o :+" LT  
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ 6P

6( R 1  20T |N A'"&  \ */  '! d!


+ 
^
'(g8 '8 '  '! .' _ ' tg ./8 ,!'/M( 'D '8
=( R G V 1  !'/M( '8M 'D / ,+/8 +/a 8 R8 
i
+M −T" e / ^ T =  '"& 2 '!  €'P / 'P
,− I.Q.=ZERO VK ?8N G,7)  2 '! 1(g 18 !N
./8 ,188 1(g =&H T J;F8 / & ='  @ " '8M 'D A
+ ' R ,+N)8 !'/M 2- '6 -& + G_: +  ; tg
8 E'Z {F ,1  T K |N ¬-
: + .; N
# IN) J(
4J1\ ? tg & W&  *,  W&;  +F 0N
4 1>!& )8 1";  
 ' ,? 8 1_V ezN 5F
'8 '__D 'V'38 N/  "‰ M =K" 5 ( R 
8T e "

D  E
7  2- '& + SQH + `Q  " :e "
,'& =>/
4"'>!& / 0T   SQH  1&'!7
'PB – 'P" A „ _D 
8T & 'H '
T ;  287 =(8
'"   F P

 #~ 1* '0T  #€'ZH =(8 ,−'& a F
,J P &- N 
,< _D
: J P nN 18 a*0 J -  '"; /8
’ + ./ 5// 0
 AY/ 5(8 ,’ NV
'*( 5P! F 5  8

1 To suppose that the eye could have been formed by natural
selection seems, I freely confess, absurd in the highest possible
degree.
6O ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

^8 ,K 5// 0
/ `&
^8 ,−1U G8 K =< 0
− #U/
4 '*( 2P! ^F 5_
K " / 'P" +M ;
T ;  
“ * 1  0N WN' 'P"H
F P!  e 
: #$ q
:  .;
’ OT< J1\ F O  8 ,J! /
4]& ]'8 
“ t
4A 08 & 2*3  0  / 
i +  1
HVSI
@ @Z…ŠÛa
V−
i E!N
 0  @ ,−1
 V − 0  E!N 
i =
?−?)
& 0 ' 2 6 R JPM / 
i + ,>/ #N
: ?

“ −'!< #' / "!N/ ;< C!N ]'8 ,−'
8T 
“ −T *3
4+_ =!B & ;i #N
 ,−'

5
 0
# gF +N) #N0 5 .V
^ AH 8 ' N(8M  08 +F
8 ,5/ ; R 8 +N) #N0 R ¤"'B  a*0 X EDH ,5!" N
a*0
+8 T  LH    8M L^  @
  / =&
? 1NV  a* 
T H 4U"'8 @   R8 +/ =( R =&
8 ,lB 8 =/ 8 =(
8  *0  V ^8 , z ^8 , ''& ^ * "
; J * <   N

9 + X
e!" ^ A'8 t/ ; R ' 0 W8 a*   t E< ?H ,"-/
; A'8 ,t/ ; R W8 5  08 ^ ? ©' N(8M¨ u_ J *
t\ ^ ,t/ ; R P

 0
^ ? ©+  'N( I$¨ V J *
/ 
p 58 ,J * tg 5'H # F t/ ; / OD  t #' 5
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ 6

I$ ¨ H J  F e 


5 '!< 58 ,5"D
# ^F8 5"< =!B 5"<
R ¤ ' 0 es ^ W8 STM  5'F O  / t H ©+  'N(
4 t/ ;
=!B *U J1\ ?  08 / 
i + uP
|'N! e>  /8
,
) '", '"; /, 
“ ' GV q/ '!
8 , A 08
4'
 ;!P  ',"& '";  
“8
Irreducible es < =B 'i '"&  +  1
HVTI
UM ›& + 5'  
,1*' =
/ 5/B ?8 Complexity
!*s < # e R / V'38 * +  T
@ @Z…ŠÛa
@U  V'38 lB8 F ?z
UM / Js0 ? ` + =KM :q•(
4'M
 08 '/F WN' , *  C'
+ C
1  P& :q S
8 ,^ 8 5 / Js0 `  R LJV( =B =- V'3  ]V
.' 8 J"  'V' !N   !"/ ' 2'NV @"
+ C

* 'N & ' 5 V'38 F =_' "&/: @U R  '&/ JP
4e8M *\ 
 ;8 5 &'!; !N  2/) =PH 8s/ 6( =( g : ?W  S
?/M R ?  ezN   ,5 /
R +'7 ''/
 =PH t  8 ';
/ =PH T '; u!_ :W)? Z 
?y )8 B; ='"  " + B,& +'; 2(\ e8 8 ,#&
65 ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

L- 5!- : 5Y / ,H &'!; L(/ LT8Z F J& =K " =
 ( @U =PHH ;8 2;' R  5!- 8 J_ R
R ( @U =PH8 ,2, & ]'8 =0TM =KV/ 5 ,>/ STM
4 yM ''N 5 !
' * e\M >( 8 1N =- =  '< ‡V  :W)? Z 
=B 
sD N/ r( u'
ˆ' 5'F O  ? T8 / 'B G,7) 
…Œ ?8N STŠ ?a  |D ./ =  '< ='/ 
8a8 , / .\ '(
4ST^  & 'H =N& Es
^   ,&6T 
8a 18 0T
' * / N
/ S &: H T  e ; '//M n " +  g
?B,& 8 J 8 T \M S" @ "
=( R8 ,L  6( =( R8 * 0F # + C
1  fM 1 A
T D
1  5 CN  / 6 CN
l'(8 ,L  'V'38 */
4" M8 ‰8TM8 V(M
 ÚÙ  Ø     × Ö  Õ Ô Ó Җ X . K 7N! * 8 5F
4—åä ã â áà   ß Þ  Ý Ü Û
41NV  AT _  ^8 ,C&K ED  08 &'  : e "
HVUI
@ @Z…ŠÛa
JV  LT8P ="& #
^8 ,5  & / f '\ ]' 5! ED +F
 ,A 08 ‰ / 2!$F #-  0 WV ^ t( +(  5M ,A 08

©‹‹¨ 
o :=  LT  
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ 66

^F € & / 'PB R  S D


+ =' N'H T _   ‰H #
^ '&/ T _  6 ED  TŽH ,”'78 5V 5Z < +( 
^F 2!$F 8 1V  5' # 
^ 8 ,ED  08 @ F
q   ='  ^F E!
#H ,T{ =' M +8-
+ !>8 ,='
F 8 =' *' @"
# 1  q  18  q  18 1V 
4ED 2g  08 " ]'8 T _  "  A  
p F8 ,+o
4L;V  &/ ^ 1 8 ,!N /: `T& =( +  1
HVVI
@ @Z…ŠÛa
E! ? −
 0  2T _ 
‘  'H& ‰Z8Š E! y 
#'V/  08 / ,H ,−10TD ?  0   ="& =< H&
5 5*V'H #&  +N) *;N
: #'V A8 ,="& C'( R '8
4lD
^ ?T8Z T P * '8M #'VH ,|( T"
(
  q
*H ,1N/ - @ & '! 2
i # ATB / 8
 a  `– +N) q −
;H– '8 `T&/  08 +8 i L-
4—cb
1  !N  'Z
 E6" 'a / a8  08T 5 !$ / ' 8
4'H& ‰Z8M E! 1 &
/ 8 ,?-!

©n 4@ ,=6T •,$¨ 


©Œ…¨ :
o ,L"! LT  
6= ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

H&  #$ ,
 yT) ' +/ @K 1 '8M #'V8
 8 ?  0  ./ ="& ./ '8M #'V =V  '  !N 
,›&! *P& ./ T  GN ^ F @8  O  !N  H&
'H& ‰Z8M   T _ R  "$ T_/ '8M #'V =U 
4*'  8
: !N 
4#
: LTF   ? 0  T _ 
‘  E R& .Z H
R "> C;/  E<  0  +
) 5 k/z
+ 
C;/ =B8
;E =( =K  E  LTK E 'B + =B^   78 ,  "
4|"H 5! A 0  TB)  / / 5' H   =(
‚*  .PD ^8 ' 'p 'PB '
 'P" +  1
HVWI
41&
@ @Z…ŠÛa
=K 8 ,falsifiable 1V  B W(  ^F ' 
U  +  ^
/ 8 ,@ & ` N'H Karl Popper   eT( T"
( '& 
U 
+ T  /  ?M 
^" :5 eB ' / /
5NV 
 -
 5B
4"J1;D/ 1  W!> + .'; N L8  8 , K  1  W!>

No amount of experimentation can ever prove me


right, a single experiment can prove me wrong4

©n 4@ ,g  / WN¨ 


‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ 6K

KT # ˆ' T HTgT 


 €!$F # 
 -
M /& '!N  ,>H
u!_  n'" ;< 8 K ;< l-  + @
 ,J P ‰&\ 

U /& '!N H 8 ,U ? R 1V  B {M ,H< /& '!N 
+ 5NV   eT( q
8 ,'& 
U  =K  8 4/Q/ '
1  U 1 H ,1V  5 'B @& ' 
U ]' 1&'!; D )
T7) R  0 / 'p  ?J17< 1&'!; D ) + e " + *'H .'; N
– ¤'"
r/F 5 !$F 
^ AT_ T"
( 1&'!; D ) +M 1&
+ .; ^8 +o   \!/ 8 =' 5' 0
^8 ,AKT 8 −' !

 M 5'V .'; N ^ ,>( ^ 16p8 ;&/:  F8 ,/ /
='   

U  T7F OT< 1&'!; D ) + 
t8 ,AKT 28 t ^
41V  5 'B @& '&
5 '!" /Q/ ' 
U 1
 +
) + e "  
T7)  R8
;< 1 &
 +ŽH ,>/ I ( + " ›B / 1
   R ;<  0 H ,1V 
T7F R =<
5& 1V  1
 +
) '"H 1 8 ,1
 +
)
4'," >(M *!  W&
: 8 /Q '& 
U 
1s ) V R '*) 2V_ =';&  t
T / : e "
HVXI
4#'N  HD/ ?&\M / J1\8
@ @Z…ŠÛa
s &8 L\M $T(
,'*) 2V_ s &8 L\M 
“T +- !M 1 $
/ '>(

1s ) V  -
? '*) 2V_ ›&! =';&  + #*P& U
8
6L ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

;T +ŽH ^F8 4 (8 ,ED 5


s  /  ?&\M V / f '\8
4 Prime Mover ED 'p X VK ? ›HT ' X 's  #U 
,#&8 ,L'8 ,_!8 ,.N¨ 2VK .! & X + !>
: L\M
’'\ eB J^z e>/M8 ,tg & + VB
#$ ©LT"8 ,LT)8 ,@,8
<o ›&! R e "( 2V_ ›& R e "! :X 5T ''  @,)
 ;& + /ŽH ,A  !$ / 'U 5'H #/s
2V_ / A  'V / +ŽH 44
.'   !> : + /F8 ,. / 8 2V_  *!- + /F8 ,. / 8 .' 
4"VK8 VK ' GH ^ fx '8 A'p 5'H 5$
^ 5  D
508 
*/8  N JM X W!$ H! :s & GN
: @, ]V8
4"2V_ W!$ /‘ @s
/ 5/s
 *  = W/B gF V_ + gF , HH #'N  '-< /
4A'p +8 =
 a /8 L\M *! T 1  '"'" $T :c i , 
,~ ^   =&V
X +8 ,' !M '$ 1V :1 * + Kz
:
.;" 8 .;" ^ 'N + ,>/ 8r 8 ,!M 'H  ;"H
T  ]'8 T    •
G t(8 ,© /a,/: ¨'N    •

4!M +
) /  8  N = ‚* / lD
8 ,© /a,/¨
"'8 
 NV/ C ! :X 5T #'"  e "

`_  œ¦«  ,q8 V ‰  / 


(«…¡ ,ST&  JT 
œ† «Œ ,#'" ^ ,'N OT/ 
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ 6M

F q8 '/,) LZ  $T(8 LNV/ T _   +( =&V8
#* B =K + gF ,@,) LZ 1&8 1&8 ?V  lB
8 H&/ |!Z 8  / E"    1 8 !M 'H e;F
!M 'V @s  
^ gF ,1!
 ?/ # ='_ R J" T
4L @  =( #" 1 8
 WVB8 $T( > @,) LZ R ?&\M V T-  +( "
4' F R&8 1&

  8V[ (8 ,6M  8  N =  T 
 s & /
VD/ ./ −#_ &8 + / −T  6 ./  V 8 ,ND #* KM
e8 : B "H   'N    f !  ( "H ,#*! tg
 C08 e8 + L\M eB  ' ,t-  l  C08
l  C08 e8 :+  N = 5 # N
: ?  ' ,U   l
4' *- 
‰
# @,N8 L,_ 5' 1! 8! :ST&  JT R @,^ ’'\ eB
5'F @,N8 L,_ 5' # / e8 = J   U  F ED /  
^8 ,2!0  e8 U  + 5'H ]' +Y"8 ,5K / t8 + *-
^ 
 − n  ›&! U  /M 5'H F8 , =(  U  
F 5'H
4"−U  e,< / ^F '"' #* =_

#M8 "M '   − 1VN #*V −  8  N = #*H +F
4 N8   #*V 1
8  ‰a  |!P #M8 #M8
6N ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

GV  '&0 + HQ&


−!l9  ( !+_– .'  X =PV8
ED * !>: + 2V_8 JM R #€'"& #'N  ^F "!
^8 ,_
   R Q– ='> ^8 l'' 'p /8 ,=';& ^8 l
 'p / 5!
 '&! #'N 1VN #*V   ,—W  V  U TS
4V,V 2"78 '/, C'M
 ] \ :& 5 B R e " g/ :s &  1 eB @
2g (g
4 ^
 {  z 5 TB #'U& T*3F
 & X 5"< #'U& ª& :5 WB
5! X8 ED 2VK / + +M ,5  / AD
#8 ,|
4 +/s8 +  As
WN
9 2* 
: ©X ?¨ 5
 ^! :5  X 1ZT ?8; @/) eB
T*3F
 ª& E< X +F! :5  X 1ZT 1
9 ' eB8 ,"2 ! 6N(
k
4"5  / AD
#8 5 T"
+ N +( gF8! :& X 5T ''  @,) ’'\ e "
8 =
F 50'  / tg °  5U 8 5" 2 N +F e "
/ +8V

O' ( ª& F O / ª&  56  ° 5F eB H ,5 B D/

 o :qT - LT  


 o : LT  
  o : LT  
?i! T _ /  @/) 5  A8T 
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ 65P

 i  ,@ 'B 
™ '&  1™ p X +M H( 5ŽH 5/ F e 
*  4"5' '"H A  /8 E;
??&\ W = :1s & e"H
??&\ e " 8 C7 1  1 eB t e B :5 WB
4=0 WNH
41s &/ ^8 ?&\ #*'H 
# _ + +8"
: #{ -
8 T  / /" / / F  K8 "  N : e "
HVYI
gF  ,1 BTz
/ =(  W!08 1p W&HT8 1" W'V\ "H ,t (\ ™
?K< n "; 1 /s : gH ,'
 'P" _ t W[ 
@ @Z…ŠÛa
+ t' / U  R W(Q\ gF8 ,tg   / U   B +M
4 " @s 
tNV R  ^8 !& ' " @s  @B L( !& W< gF W =
4¤0
8 5H&Z .H
5ŽH 
!0 L(s +   e .H ›H
?8
!  '_D\ 'P"H ,'P ƒ / 8 ' '-
C& y ›H
? =V;( + 
As6p C
€ ›H
? +F #$
!58T L(/ =0 /

‹‹«Ÿ ,q8 V ‰  / 


65O ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

?L  gH L " A~ 


 + 7 : e "
HWPI
@ @Z…ŠÛa
?   /‘ 
! R
&
^ @ H ,5BV *3    L T = "
: ^ EH H ,AV( &
/ 
4V n  
8 5 T &
/ *H   / 4  #N/ *H 5 T
?H( 5M   @,) = "
=
= ,#* B a
^ / N8 &8 / :=>/ KM HH ;^
4"!+A !k ‘  0 (! −#8 5' X K− !  eB #* ‘ B /8
?1/,) 
 l&Z 1 &
L  =
5 K /8 t 5!  /
8 ,5  '& q 
  =  
+Y" − ( 1 U& 5 s &/8 ,  T"8 6 L 
4−#

?5'H e <  n  r
8 ‰! M L> # *
@,) =
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2 http://mondediplo.com/07/08/2000 humanzoo.
3 ibid.
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2 http://www.modelminority.com/article750.html.
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2Philips Verner Bradford, Harvey Blume, Ota Benga: The
Pygmy in The Zoo, New York: Delta Books,1992
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2 http://www.4shared.com/web/preview/doc/PoQOIuRaba.
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5 http://laelhad.com/index.php?p=8-0-90.
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1 http://laelhad.com/index.php?p=8-0-85.
2 http://laelhad.com/index.php?p=8-0-91.
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3 http://laelhad.com/index.php?p=8-0-93.
66= ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

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@ @ V@NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNÞëþa @lbjÛa
@ @ W@NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN@ æb¹⁄a@µg@ñ…ìÈÛa
@ @ QY@ NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN@@òîjjŽÛaë@æìØÛa@ñd’ã@òíìφ•
@ @ RR@NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN@@bÈÛa@òîÛ‹di@ÞìÔÛaë@Lòφ–Ûbi@ÞìÔÛa@òîq‰b×
@ @ RV@NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN@@æìØÜÛ@òÔîÓ†Ûa@ñŠíbȽa
@ @ SQ@@NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN@@ZÞìÔã@ñ…†Èn½a@æaì×þa@òÏaŠ@óÜÇ@a₣…‰ë
@ @ SW@NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN@Cyclic model@ð‰ë†Ûa@æìØÛa
@ @ SX@NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN@@_ïÛ‹þa@a@óÜÇ@æìØÛa@‰ìèÃ@Šdm@a‡b½@åØÛ
@ @ TP@@NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN@@ā‰þa@óÜÇ@ñbî§a@‰ìèÃ
@ @ TS@ NNNNNNNNNNNNN@@_òÛfšÛa@êˆèi@ā‰þaë@Lòßb‚šÛa@êˆèi@æìØÛa@a‡b½@åØÛ
@ @ TX@ NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN@pbäî¦a@åß@óã…þa@†§a
@ @ UP@@NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN@Záîà–nÛa@òîÛ†u
@ @ UV@NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN@ Zòî§a@pbäöbØÛa@‰ìèÃ@Éibnm
@ @ UX@NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN@@Ñ튑@ëŠàÇ@‰ìn׆Ûa@Éß@árîç@‰ìn׆ÜÛ@ò܁a†ß
@ @ YR@NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN@åí†Ûa@ñd’ã
@ @ QPP@@NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN@@H÷ì¹brÛa@ñ‰ìЍYcI@@ƒí‰bnÛa@lüë…
‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ 66K

@ @ QQP@@NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN@ âý⁄a@òßc@ƒí‰bm@¿@†yaë@†zÜß@†uìí@ü
@ @ QSQ@@NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN@@íŠvnÛa@áÜÈÛa@ñì×
@ @ QSU@ NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN@ïÇì™ìß@îÛë@ïma‡@áÜÈÛa
@ @ QUQ@@NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN@ò·b¨a
@ @ QUX@NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN@ ò‘aŠÐÛa@qdm
@ @ QVU@NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN@@ïãbrÛa @lbjÛa
@ @ QVW@@NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN@…b§⁄a@‰ìèÃ@òîÐî×
@ @ QWV@@NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN@ …b§⁄a@ÑíŠÈm
@ @ QXW@NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN…b§⁄a@òšÓbänß
@ @ RPT@@NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN@@òîiìiŠÛa@Þìy@ñŠÃbä½a
@ @ RTY@NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN@ò퉅cýÛa@ÑíŠÈm
@ @ RUU@NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN@ñìjäÛa@Ýöü…
@ @ RXY@NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN@ éÔ܁@¿@a@pbíe
@ @ SQT@@NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN@@sÛbrÛa @lbjÛa
@ @ SWU@NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN@ ñ–Ó@òyaa
@ @ SXQ@NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN@Zò·b¨a
@ @ SXT@NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN@ paõbÇ…üa@ݎ܎ß
@ @ TSX@NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN@ AAŠ’jÛa@æaìîy@òÔí†y
66L ‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬

@ @ TTT@@NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN@bĆßbn
@ @ TTU@@NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN@ò–Óë
@ @ TTV@NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN@…b§⁄a@†Ôã@¿@kn×@ñŠ’Ç@ÝšÏc
@ @ TTW@ NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN@ZÑÛûàÜÛ@‰†•

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‫اﻟﻌﻮدة إﻟﻰ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬ 66M

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