TOPIC : MATHEMATICAL MODELLING

SUB-TOPIC : SEQUENCES AND SERIES

SUBJECT : MATHEMATICS
CLASS : XI ‘A’
SUBJECT (ART INTEGRATED) : COMPUTER SCIENCE, ART, DESIGNING
METHODOLOGY : ACTIVITY, GROUP LEARNING
Materials required:

 Ruler
 Pencil
 Sketch pen
 White page
 Colour pencil
SEQUENCES AND SERIES –
 Arithmetic Progression(A.P.)
A sequence is called an arithmetic progression if the difference
of a term and the previous term is always same.
 Geometric Progression(G.P.)
A sequence of non zero numbers is called a geometric
progression, if the ratio of a term and the term preceding to it is
always a constant.
 Arithmetic Mean(A.M.)
Given two numbers a and b, we can insert a number A between
them so that a, A, b are in AP. Such a number A is called the
Arithmetic Mean of the numbers a and b.
Geometric Mean(G.M.)
Given two numbers a and b, we can insert a number G between
them so that a, G, b are in GP. Such a number G is called the
Geometric Mean of the numbers a and b.
FORMULAE IN THE CHAPTER :
• tn = a + (n-1)d AP formulae
• sn =

• tn = arn-1 GP formulae
• sn = a( )

Arithmetic
• AM = Mean
Geometric
• GM = Mean
REAL LIFE PROBLEM:
Ramesh is going to organise his son’s 10 yr. old
birthday party in a famous five star restaurant. He would
like to invite 100 people for this special occasion. He
spoke to the hotel manager and would like to find best
way to organise the party. Now the manager would also
like to arrange the tables in such a way that there will
be no problem of space and availability of the no of
tables. one of the hotel staff proposed two ways in which
way they can organise and arrange the tables so that
these will be no problem for the guests. Hotel manager
use the following mathematical model to find a best way
to solve this problem. He proposed the following two
ways :
CASE-I:
In the first case we will arrange the tables randomly by giving
spaces between them. We will keep the tables separately from
each other. In this case the AP will be : 4, 8, 12, ..... . Here a=4, d=4.

DIAGRAMMATIC
REPRESENTATION
CASE-II:
Another way to arrange the tables is by joining them from one
end to another in a row . In this case joining each table
increases the sitting area by Two seats while the initial table
has four seats , subsequent tables being joined will result in
providing 6,8,10,12… seats . Hence the no. of seats form an A.P :
4,6,8,10,12…. . Here a=4, d=2.

DIAGRAMMATIC
REPRESENTATION
 CONCLUSION
We have seen the two ways to arrange the tables as
suggested by one of the hotel staff. In the first one, a total of 25
tables are required, whereas in the second one, a total of 49
tables are required to seat 100 guests. According to the
manager, case 1 seems more plausible as they will require
about half of the total tables required in case 2, thus seating
more people in less area. In fact, Mr. Ramesh also likes the first
case. Therefore, it was finalised that the seating arrangements
will be made according to the first case, so that each table can
seat a total of 4 guests.
Learning outcome: Able to understand
the concepts in the chapter Sequences &
Series, and applying them to solve real
life problems.
References:
i. NCERT Class 11 Mathematics Textbook.
ii. The photo of the pencil by Unknown Author is
licensed under CC BY-SA.
iii.The photo of the white page by Unknown Author is
licensed under CC BY.
iv. The photo of the Thank You by Unknown Author is
licensed under CC BY-NC-ND.

Group Members: i) Abhirup Saha

ii) Reeddhijit Deb
iii) Arpan Baul