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ULTRASOUND APLLICATION
SUBMITTED BY
RAJASEKAR S
2102041

SUBMITTED TO
DR.C.P. YOGANAND
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR

DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS
COIMBATORE INSTITUDE OF TECHNOLOGY
COIMBATORE
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ULTRASOUND APLLICATION
ULTRASOUND WAVES:
 Ultrasound is an oscillating sound pressure wave
with a frequency greater than the upper limit human
hearing range. Ultrasound is thus not separated
from normal (audible sound by difference in
physical properties ,only by the fact that humans
cannot hear it.

ULTRASONIC CLEANING:
 Ultrasonic cleaners are used at frequencies from 20
to40 kHz for jewelry, lens other optical parts,
watches, dental instruments, surgical instrument
diving regulators and industrial parts. An ultrasonic
cleaner works mostly by energy released from the
collapse of millions of microscopic cavitation near
the dirty surface. The bubbles made by cavitation
collapse forming tiny jets directed at the s
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ULTRASONIC DISINTEGRATION:
1. Ultrasonic disintegration Similar to ultrasonic cleaning, biological cells
including bacteria can be disintegrated. High power ultrasound produces
cavitation that facilitates particle disintegration or reactions. This has uses in
biological science for analytical or chemical purposes and in killing bacteria
in sewage. High power ultrasound can disintegrate corn slurry and enhance
liquefaction and scarification for higher ethanol yield in dry com milling
plants.
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2. ULTRASONIC HUMIDIFIER: The ultrasonic humidifier, one type of

nebulizer is a popular type of humidifier. It works by vibrating a metal plate
at ultrasonic frequencies to nebulize (sometimes incorrectly called
"atomize") the water. Because the water is not heated for evaporation, it
produces a cool mist. The ultrasonic pressure waves nebulize not only the
water but also materials in the water including calcium, other minerals,
viruses, fungi, bacteria and other impurities. Illness caused by impurities that
reside in a humidifier's reservoir fall under the heading of "Humidifier
Fever".

 ULTRASONIC WELDING: In ultrasonic welding of plastics, high

frequency (15 kHz to 40 kHz ) low amplitude vibration is used to create heat
by way of friction between the materials to be joined. The interface of the
two parts is specially designed to concentrate the energy for the maximum
weld strength.

 ULTRASONIC WEAPONS:
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Ultrasound has been studied as a basis for sonic
weapons, for applications such as riot control, disorientation of attackers, up to
lethal levels of sound.

 APPLICATIONS IN MEDICINE: Ultrasound has become a

common therapy for a number of clinical conditions: sprained

ligaments, inflamed tendons and tendon sheaths, lacerations and

other soft tissue damage, scar tissue sensitivity and tension,

varicose ulcers, amputations, neuromata, strained and tom

muscles, inflamed and damaged joint capsules, fasciitis, and

delayed-onset muscle soreness. Recent uses include the

accelerated healing of fractures, muscle injury, and thrombolysis.

 DIAGNOSTIC SONOGRAPHY: It is an ultrasound based

diagnostic imaging technique used for visualizing internal body

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structures including tendons, muscles, joints, vessels and

internal organs for possible pathology or lesions. The practice of

examining pregnant women using ultrasound is called obstetric

sonography, and is widely used.

 THERAPEUTIC ULTRASOUND: Ultrasound is applied using a

transducer or applicator that is in direct contact with the patient's

skin. Gel is used on all surfaces of the head to reduce friction

and assist transmission of the ultrasonic waves. Therapeutic

Ultrasound in physical therapy is alternating compression and

rare faction of sound waves with a frequency of >20,000

cycles/second. Therapeutic ultrasound frequency used is 0.7 to

3.3 MHz. Maximum energy absorption in soft tissue occurs from

2 to 5 cm. Intensity decreases as the waves penetrate deeper.

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 ULTRASONIC AS MEANS OF COMMUNICATION: The device allows

us to connect 2 sensors with RS-232, TTL or RS-485 interfaces, which

are one of the most common interfaces in underwater sensors. Its

frequency range is from 2.412 GHz to 2.472 GHz. These values

correspond to the spectrum used by devices operating under the IEEE

802.11b/g standard at 2.4 GHz. The used antenna is a monopole with

2dBi of gain.
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Picture credits:
Principle of ultrasounds :Wikipedia
Communication using underwater ultrasonic: L3haris
Ultrasonic MIMO transmission technology: NTT R&D website
Ultrasound in medicine :Wikipedia
Ultrasonic welding :mech4study