cence neti igi pagans mentee: Lanes Naame aD RENT Wh SUCCES ieee ee MCRAE A CS CLASS : Ix SUB : BIOLOGY 1. What would happen to the life of a cell if there was no Golgi apparatus ? FUNDAMENTAL UNIT OF LIFE A. Golgi apparatus plays the Important role in packaging of varlous substances for future use (oF ) for storage. If there was no golgl apparatus, various substances would not be in a postion to be transferred into proper form that can be used in future. Certain substances like proteins, lipids are important for the formation of Plasmamembrane and hence the absence of golgi apparatus will hamper the formation of new cells during cell division. 2. Which organelle is known as the Power house of the cell 7 Why ? ‘A. Mitochondria is known as the powerhouse of the cell. The reason for this is the fact that Cellular respiration takes place in Mitochondria and the energy released after that get stored in Mitochondria in the form of ATP. 3. Where do the lipids and proteins constituting the cell membrane gets synthesized ? A. Lipids are synthesized in the Endoplasmic reticulum, Proteins are synthesized in ribosomes which are usually present in the rough E. R. 4. Write the name of different plant parts in which chromoplasts, Chloroplast and Leucoplast are present ? - Chromoplast A. Flower and fruit: Leaves of the plant -~- Chloroplast Roots of the plant ---- Leucoplast. 5. What will happen if chloroplasts are taken out of the cell ? A. Chloroplast is semiautonomous organelle and so on illumination can perform its function. 6. Why Mitochondria are referred to as strange Organelle ? ‘A. Mitochondria are storage organelles in the sense that they have their own DNA and ribosomes . Therefore mitochondria are able to make some of their own proteins and are semi- autonomous. . State Cell theory. Name the scientist who presented it. A. Cell theory is : 1 Alllthe plants and animals are composed of cells. 2. Celllis the basic unit of life. 3. All cells arise from Pre-existing cells. Cell theory was presented by Schleiden and Schwann.8. 2) What is full form of D.N.A? b) In Which part of a cell itis found ? State its function ? A. a) DE-OXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID. b) D. N. Ais present in the Nucleus . DNA molecules contain the information necessary for constru and organising cells. 9. What will happen a) Ribosomes are removed from the cell. 'b) Golgi apparatus is removed from the cell . ©) Plasma membrane ruptures. A.) Protein will not be synthesized. ») Packaging of materials , synthesis of complex sugar and formation of lysosomes will be adversely affected. ¢) The inside materials will come out. lal bags ? 10. Describe the role played by the Lysosomes ? Why these are termed as How do they perform their functions ? A. Role : Digestion of foreign materials, digestion of worn out organelles because these burst themselves and digest their own cell, lysosomes are filled with digestive enzymes. 111. Name the organelle which provides turgidity and rigidity to the plant cell. Name any two substances which are present in it. b) How are they useful in unicellular organisms > ‘A.a) Vacuoles , aminoacids, proteins, various carbonic acids, sugars. b) 1) In Amoeba food vacuole contains the food items. 2) In some other unicellular organisms specialized vacuole plays important role in removing excess water. 12) Which type of plastid stores starch, oil, proteins ? ‘A. Leucoplasts are the plastids that function to store starch, oil and proteins and hence itis of three types: 1. Amyloplasts _ Store starch 2. Elaioplasts — store oil 3. Aleuroplasts— store proteins.13. What is Endoplasmic reticulum ? Write its main functions ‘A. Endoplasmic reticulum : tis a membranous network , enclosing a flud filed lumen. Its main functions are f Proteins ( RER) 1. Synth 2. Synthesis of lipids and other metabolic products and their secretion. ( SER ). 3. Helps in formation of cell plate and nuclear membrane during cell division. 4. E Ralso produces substances for new cellular parts ( especially cell membrane ). '. ER provides internal support ( mechanical support ) to the colloidal cytoplasmic matrix of the cell. 14, Describe the structure of Mitochondria ? ‘A. Mitochondria are rod shaped cell organelle found in the cytoplasm. Each mitochondrion ( singular of mitochondria) _ isa double membrane bounded structure. The outer membrane of mitochondrion is smooth but the inner membrane of the mitochondrion is folded inwardly into the matrix of ‘mitochondrion forming finger lke projections. The inward finger lke projections of inner membrane are ‘called Cristae. Cristae greatly increase the surface area of the inner membrane . mitochondria contain extra nuclear DNA. DIAGRAM 5 maTRIX OuTER MEMEen a a ONeA RIGosome morEecule inner MEMGRANE CRISTAE 15. Briefly explain the structure of golgi apparatus . DISCHARGED VESICLE CISTERNA VESICLE ‘A. Golgi apparatus. is also known as golgi body (or ) golgi complex. t consists ofa set of smooth, flattened membranous sac like structures called cristernae. These are placed one above the other ( parallel rows . On the outer edge of cristernae ( stacks of membrane ). Tubules and vesicles ( stalked ) i small sacs ) are present.In plant cells, the golgi apparatus consists many unconnected units called ( DICTYOSOMES ).16. What are Vacuoles ? 4. The Viruses are exception to the Cell theory, 2. The Nuclear region of Prokaryotic cells Is called /NUCLEOID. 3. The term Protoplasm was coined by PURKINJE, ‘4. Amoeba can change their SHAPE continuously, 5. Cellular organelle called LYSOSOMES are often referred to as suleldal bags of the cell. 6. Ribosomes are concerned with the synthesis of PROTEINS, 7. Function of | chondria is ATP production. 8. Chromosomes are made up of Nucleic acids and PROTEINS, 9. Cell theory was first given by SCHEILDEN AND SCHWANN, 10. The additional protective layer in plants present outside the plasma membrabne is called CELL WALL, 11. Cell wall is found only in PLANT cells. 12. Mitochondrial cristae form a large surface area for ENERGY generation reactions. 13. Plant cell wall is mainly composed of CELLULOSE. 14. Cell organelles perform METABOLIC functions in all cell organisms. 15. Cell were discovered by Robert hooke in CORK SLICE in 1665. 16. Genetic material of a eukaryotic cell is contained in NUCLEUS. 17. Nucleolus is a seat of RIBOSOME SYNTHESIS. 18. Plasmamembrane is a LIVING membrane. 19. A Cell placed in hypotonic solution bursts up . It is ENDO- OSMOSIS. 20. A Cell placed in solution swells up. The solution is HYPOTONIC SOLUTION. 21. Rough ER contains RIBOSOMES.22. protein storing plastid is ALEUROPLAST. 23. Seat of Photosynthesis is CHLOROPLAST. 24. Lysosomes are also called SUICIDAL BAGS OF THE CELL. 25. The Enzymes present in the lysosomes are made by RER. 26. Full form of ATP is ADENOSINE TRI-PHOSPHATE.