a.

𝑦2 − 𝑦1
𝑚=
𝑥2 − 𝑥1
6 − (−2)
𝑚=
0−5
6+2
𝑚=
0−5
6+2
𝑚=
−5
8
𝑚=
−5
8
𝑚=−
5
8
Thus, our slope will be− . We can express 𝑦 as a function of 𝑥, by:
5

𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏

To find 𝑏, we need to find the 𝑦 − 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡𝑠

𝑏 = 𝑦1 − 𝑚𝑥1
8
𝑏 = −2 − (− ) (5)
5
𝑏 = −2 − (−8)

𝑏 = −2 + 8
 𝑏=6

𝑏 = 𝑦2 − 𝑚𝑥2
8
𝑏 = 6 − (− ) 0
5
𝑏 =6−0

𝑏=6

We see that using both 𝑥 and 𝑦, we get 𝑏 = 6. Going back to the formula, let us substitute the values,

𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏
8
𝑦=− 𝑥+6
5

First, we need to create a Venn Diagram. Let 𝐴 be JPOP, 𝐵 be KPOP, and 𝐶 be OPM (pop). Then let us list the
given,

• 𝐴 = 392
• 𝐵 = 460
• 𝐶 = 338
• 𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 = 200
• 𝐴 ∩ 𝐶 = 132
• 𝐵 ∩ 𝐶 = 160
• 𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 ∩ 𝐶 = 112

Then, let us sketch a draft of the Venn Diagram, it is said that 𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 ∩ 𝐶 = 112, so will insert it first on the
middle or the intersection of all three.

Then, we know that 𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 = 200, 𝐴 ∩ 𝐶 = 132, and 𝐵 ∩ 𝐶 = 160, and to avoid duplication of responses, we
will reduce the intersection of all three, to the intersection of two sets, hence,
 𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 − (𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 ∩ 𝐶) = 200 − 112

𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 − (𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 ∩ 𝐶) = 88

𝐴 ∩ 𝐶 − (𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 ∩ 𝐶) = 132 − 112

𝐴 ∩ 𝐶 − (𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 ∩ 𝐶) = 20

𝐵 ∩ 𝐶 − (𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 ∩ 𝐶) = 160 − 112

𝐵 ∩ 𝐶 − (𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 ∩ 𝐶) = 48

And so, we can input this now to our Venn Diagram,

Then, after finding out the intersections of all three, and the intersection of two sets, we will compute now the
respondents that is purely JPOP, KPOP, and OPM (pop), hence,

𝐴 − (𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) − (𝐴 ∩ 𝐶) − (𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 ∩ 𝐶) = 392 − 88 − 20 − 112 = 172

𝐵 − (𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) − (𝐵 ∩ 𝐶) − (𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 ∩ 𝐶) = 460 − 88 − 48 − 112 = 212

𝐶 − (𝐴 ∩ 𝐶) − (𝐵 ∩ 𝐶) − (𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 ∩ 𝐶) = 338 − 20 − 48 − 112 = 158

With this, we can now insert it to our Venn Diagram.

a. Based on our Venn Diagram, we can see that there are 172 who listen to JPOP but neither to KPOP nor
OPM (pop).
b. Based on our Venn Diagram, we can see that there are 300 who listens to KPOP but not OPM. We can
also calculate it by:
 𝐵 − (𝐵 ∩ 𝐶) − (𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 ∩ 𝐶) = 460 − 48 − 112 = 300
c. Based on our Venn Diagram, we can see that there are 156 who listen to exactly 2 types of music. We can
also calculate it by:
((𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) + (𝐴 ∩ 𝐶) + (𝐵 ∩ 𝐶)) − (3(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 ∩ 𝐶)) = (200 + 132 + 160) − (3(112))
((𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) + (𝐴 ∩ 𝐶) + (𝐵 ∩ 𝐶)) − (𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 ∩ 𝐶) = 492 − (3(122))
((𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) + (𝐴 ∩ 𝐶) + (𝐵 ∩ 𝐶)) − (𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 ∩ 𝐶) = 492 − 336
((𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) + (𝐴 ∩ 𝐶) + (𝐵 ∩ 𝐶)) − (𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 ∩ 𝐶) = 156
d. Based on our Venn Diagram, it sums up to 810, which when we deduct to the total respondents will yields
us to 190.

a. The fixed cost is Php 650, and the variable cost is Php 5, so here Q is not given, so the total cost at Q unit
650+5Q.
Total Revenue at Q unit 𝑃 × 𝑄, and here 𝑃 = 10, and so the total revenue function is 10Q.
Total Proft Function = Total Revenue – Total Cost = 10Q – (650 + 5Q) = 10Q – 650 – 5Q = 5Q – 650.
𝐹𝑖𝑥𝑒𝑑 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 650 650
b. 𝐵𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑙𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑙 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑝𝑢𝑡 = 𝑆𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑃𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑒−𝑉𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 = 10−5 = = 130
5
𝐷𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑓𝑖𝑡+𝐹𝑖𝑥𝑒𝑑 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 1850+650 2500
c. 𝑇𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑡 𝑂𝑢𝑡𝑝𝑢𝑡 = 𝑆𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑃𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑒−𝑉𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 = = = 1500
10−5 5

We can see that in Moji Bank:

𝐼 = 𝑃𝑟𝑡

𝐼 = (5,000,000)(15%)(1)

𝐼 = (5,000,000)(0.15)(1)

𝐼 = 750,000

Then, its maturity value after a year will be,

𝐹 =𝑃+𝐼

𝐹 = 5,000,000 + 750,000

𝐹 = 5,750,000

We can see that in Tottori Bank:

 𝑟 𝑛𝑡
𝐹 = 𝑃 (1 + )
𝑛
15% 1(1)
𝐹 = 5,000,000 (1 + )
1
0.15 1
𝐹 = 5,000,000 (1 + )
1
𝐹 = 5,000,000(1 + 0.15)1

𝐹 = 5,000,000(1.15)1

𝐹 = 5,000,000(1.15)

𝐹 = 5,750,000

We can see in the given above computation that both bank yields the same amount. However, for us to fully
understand and know on which bank can yield more money, let’s assume that we will invest it for another year.
We can see that in Moji Bank:

𝐼 = 𝑃𝑟𝑡

𝐼 = (5,000,000)(15%)(2)

𝐼 = (5,000,000)(0.15)(2)

𝐼 = 1,500,000
Then, its maturity value after a year will be,

𝐹 =𝑃+𝐼

𝐹 = 5,000,000 + 1,500,000

𝐹 = 6,500,000

We can see that in Tottori Bank:

𝑟 𝑛𝑡
𝐹 = 𝑃 (1 + )
𝑛
15% 1(2)
𝐹 = 5,000,000 (1 + )
1
0.15 2
𝐹 = 5,000,000 (1 + )
1
𝐹 = 5,000,000(1 + 0.15)2

𝐹 = 5,000,000(1.15)2

𝐹 = 5,000,000(1.3225)
 𝐹 = 6,612,500

We see in our assumption, that Tottori Bank yields more interest than Moji Bank. Even though on the first year,
they both yield an interest of Php 750,000, but on the succeeding years, Tottori Bank will give a larger interest
gain to the investment.

a.
𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 4
1 2
𝑔(𝑓(𝑥)) = ( ) − 4
𝑥
1
𝑔(𝑓(𝑥)) = 2 − 4
𝑥
Domain: 𝐷 = (−∞, 0) ∪ (0, ∞)

𝑥𝑛 = 0

𝑥2 = 0

𝑥=0

Range: 𝑅 = (−4, ∞)

• Find the inverse of the function

1
𝑔(𝑓(𝑥)) = −4
𝑥2
1
𝑦= −4
𝑥2
1
𝑥 = 2−4
𝑦
1
𝑥+4= 2−4+4
𝑦
1
𝑥+4= 2
𝑦
1
(𝑥 + 4)𝑦 2 = ( 2 ) 𝑦 2
𝑦
2 2
𝑥𝑦 + 4𝑦 = 1
𝑦 2 (𝑥 + 4) = 1
𝑦 2 (𝑥 + 4) 1
=
(𝑥 + 4) (𝑥 + 4)
 1
𝑦2 =
(𝑥 + 4)
1
𝑦 = ±√
(𝑥 + 4)

1 1
𝑦=√ ; 𝑦 = −√
(𝑥 + 4) (𝑥 + 4)
• Find the domain of each radical
1
𝑦=√
(𝑥 + 4)
1
If 𝑎 ≥ 0, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑎 > 0
𝑥+4>0
𝑥+4−4 > 0−4
𝑥 > −4

1
𝑦 = −√
(𝑥 + 4)
1
If 𝑎 ≥ 0, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑎 > 0
𝑥+4>0
𝑥+4−4 > 0−4
𝑥 > −4

• Combine the intervals, hence

𝑅 > −4

b.
1
𝑓(𝑥) =
𝑥
1
𝑓(𝑔(𝑥)) =
(𝑥 2 − 4)
1
𝑓(𝑔(𝑥)) =
𝑥2 − 4
Domain: 𝐷 = (−∞, −2) ∪ (−2,2) ∪ (2, ∞)

𝑥2 − 4 = 0

𝑥2 − 4 + 4 = 0 + 4

𝑥2 = 4

𝑥 = ±√4
 𝑥 = ±2

1
Range: 𝑅 = (−∞, − 4] ∪ (0, ∞)

1
𝑓(𝑔(𝑥)) =
𝑥2 −4
1
𝑦=
𝑥2 −4
1
𝑦(𝑥 2 − 4) = (𝑥 2 − 4)
𝑥2 − 4
𝑦(𝑥 2 − 4) = 1

1 = 𝑦(𝑥 2 − 4)

1 = 𝑥 2 𝑦 − 4𝑦

1 − 1 = 𝑥 2 𝑦 − 4𝑦 − 1

0 = 𝑥 2 𝑦 − 4𝑦 − 1

𝑥 2 𝑦 − 4𝑦 − 1 = 0

• Find the discriminant:

𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐

02 − 4(𝑦)(−4𝑦 + 1)

02 − 4𝑦(−4𝑦 + 1)

−4𝑦(−4𝑦 + 1)

• Apply the distributive law:

𝑎(𝑏 − 𝑐) = 𝑎𝑏 − 𝑎𝑐
−4𝑦(−4𝑦 + 1)
(−4𝑦(−4𝑦)) − (−4𝑦(1))
16𝑦 2 − (−4𝑦)
16𝑦 2 + 4𝑦
• Rewrite in standard form
16𝑦 2 + 4𝑦 ≥ 0
4𝑦 2 + 𝑦 ≥ 0
𝑦(4𝑦 + 1) ≥ 0
• Use Table of Values
1 1 1
𝑦<− 𝑦=− − <𝑦<0 𝑦=0 𝑦>0
4 4 4
𝑦 − − − 0 +
4𝑦 + 1 − 0 + + +
 𝑦(4𝑦 + 1) + 0 − 0 +
1
• Hence, 𝑦 = − 4, included and 𝑦 = 0, excluded

a.
▪ We can prove the if the function is one-to-one by using 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑦) ⇒ 𝑥 = 𝑦
𝑥+2 𝑦+2
=
𝑥−2 𝑦−2
(𝑥 + 2)(𝑦 − 2) = (𝑦 + 2)(𝑥 − 2)
𝑥𝑦 − 2𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 4 = 𝑥𝑦 − 2𝑦 + 2𝑥 − 4
−2𝑥 + 2𝑦 = −2𝑦 + 2𝑥
−2𝑥 − 2𝑥 = −2𝑦 − 2𝑦
−4𝑥 = −4𝑦
𝑥=𝑦
𝑥+2
Hence, 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥−2 is a one-to-one function

▪ Inverse of the function

𝑥+2
𝑓(𝑥) =
𝑥−2
𝑥+2
𝑦=
𝑥−2
𝑦+2
𝑥=
𝑦−2
𝑥(𝑦 − 2) = 𝑦 + 2
𝑦 + 2 = 𝑥𝑦 − 2𝑥
𝑦 − 𝑥𝑦 = −2𝑥 − 2
𝑦(1 − 𝑥) = −2𝑥 − 2
𝑦(1 − 𝑥) −2𝑥 − 2
=
1−𝑥 1−𝑥
−2𝑥 −2
𝑓 −1 (𝑥) =
1−𝑥

b.
▪ We can prove the if the function is one-to-one by using 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑦) ⇒ 𝑥 = 𝑦
𝑥−2 𝑦−2
=
3 3
3(𝑥 − 2) = 3(𝑦 − 2)
3𝑥 − 6 = 3𝑦 − 6
3𝑥 = 3𝑦
 𝑥=𝑦
𝑥−2
Hence, 𝑓(𝑥) = is a one-to-one function
3

▪ Inverse of the function

𝑥−2
𝑓(𝑥) =
3
𝑥−2
𝑦=
3
𝑦−2
𝑥=
3
𝑥(3) = 𝑦 − 2
3𝑥 = 𝑦 − 2
𝑦 − 2 = 3𝑥
𝑦 − 2 + 2 = 3𝑥 + 2
𝑓 −1 (𝑥) = 3𝑥