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Probability, Expected Value, Geometric Probability, States 

Class 4 Video 
 
1. A box contains 5 chips, numbered 1,2,3,4, and 5. Chips are drawn randomly one at a 
time without replacement until the sum of the values drawn exceeds 4. What is the 
probability that 3 draws are required? 
 
2. Ms. Carr asks her students to select 5 of the 10 books to read on her classroom reading 
list. Harold randomly selects 5 books from this list, and Betty does the same. What is the 
probability that there are exactly 2 books that they both select? 
 
3. Forty slips are placed into a hat, each bearing a number , , , , , , , , , or 
, with each number entered on four slips. Four slips are drawn from the hat at random 
and without replacement. Let be the probability that all four slips bear the same 
number. Let be the probability that two of the slips bear a number and the other two 
bear a number . What is the value of ? 
 
4. A positive integer divisor of is chosen at random. The probability that the divisor 

chosen is a perfect square can be expressed as , where and are relatively prime 
positive integers. What is ? 
 
5. Lily pads lie in a row on a pond. A frog makes a sequence of jumps starting 
on pad . From any pad the frog jumps to either pad or pad chosen 
randomly with probability and independently of other jumps. The probability that the 
frog visits pad is , where and are relatively prime positive integers. Find . 
 
6. Debra flips a fair coin repeatedly, keeping track of how many heads and how many tails 
she has seen in total, until she gets either two heads in a row or two tails in a row, at 
which point she stops flipping. What is the probability that she gets two heads in a row 
but she sees a second tail before she sees a second head?