Theorems on Tangent

1. If a line is tangent, then it is perpendicular to the radius drawn to the point of tangency.
2. If a line is perpendicular to the radius at a point of a circle, then the line is tangent to the circle.
Theorems on Angles Formed by Tangents and Secants
1. If two secants intersect in the exterior of the circle, then the angle formed is one half the positive
difference of the measures of the intercepted arcs.
2. If a secant and a tangent intersect in the exterior of the circle, then the angle formed is one-half
the positive difference of the measures of the intercepted arcs.
3. If two tangents intersect in the exterior of the circle, then the angle formed is one-half the positive
difference of the measures of the intercepted arcs.
4. If two secants intersect in the interior of the circle, then the angle formed is one half the sum of
the measures of the arcs intercepted by the angle and its vertical angle.
5. If a secant and a tangent intersect at the point of tangency, then the measure of each angle is
one-half of the measure of its intercepted arc.

Theorems on Secant Segments, Tangent Segments and External Secant Segment

1. If two secant segments are drawn to a circle from the same exterior point, then the product of the
lengths of one secant segment and its external secant segment is equal to the product of the
lengths of the other secant segment and its external secant segment.
2. If a tangent segment and a secant segment are drawn to a circle from the same exterior point,
then the square of the length of the tangent segment is equal to the product of the lengths of the
secant segment and its external