Poritic ND IDEOLOGIES 7 oo Can politics exis: without ideology? Bite tet tat meavapmarey ee, Freee tt eea tee ge er aces re igo ORE peaceaaa peereciee Soa SSS Sse See moors aman Riteecacaaee & ea Kes dope pla ge urdigndet re dsocdio hedges tne (ln Reef hance pes ee egy ei Scene eget lt Mocca l and sence ery Thigh nde ep ad, Sipieomercmttahignee ec uarcc ot ‘Maer ht ly opened now Nosed ec Despatch pit spy tae cs ath be lel ye of ama # ‘6 molcthieae ind cmmopees of ements oye nak coraacirimm dewaeigertaccea 2 Sion! Palin ideogy er aoe ape of Eienceseeee eee Rircersieeemmce | pensenaepietnensat ae Sl Ss oman epee et anya nang eee shear i o org rorme “atthe peta wicricwtsmcce Eimer pepenrea ch seat loriednbeenns eH : Soni teacoe ascent SoleraPOLITICAL IDEAS AND IDEOLOGIES 51 32 _Pouitics enact rls hat sow indivi male ta on mel eae © fRotkee a piel Gato ep 39h cers eo eamn nega ela arn ra: cy near Te tm ney cae Becket name teach ene sw ac ei ber epson ce, {scr ates Redo ede i hy reat one prea tee orn Seen Le oREEE HIN Thy ke noe a as ee ‘Se manimam porsblelbecy conmtet wb Lia Paty to ° Cerna et Se nih rt re ei ce ened eg Para oma ay ay Sita cu. Ta cw then pl rene Bea cars niga tm hig i tee bot po ee Ss Ras Pehle a pert nd a ucryofbaras binge re kone oahu guna, arta Handset adic OR aan otis te noah ae Sor, Serra ineatrers s ercncat slid meters cnet ieee eo a fem cc Cea tet a) ed pal sae ee ae Tener) Bore india oo pom ace fe a Tarheel ome Say oar ce.POLITICAL IDEAS AND IDEOLOGIES 35 M_PoLItics sain to ake responsibility fr thee own crcurtances and maske ther own marl ches. The most infientil mode auempt to secmcle the oncpla af welfare and redstibution was uaceraken bp liberal approach to international politics cant Paternalistic conservatism ‘he paternalistic standin conservative thought is entily consisent with principles sacha organic hierarchy and du end ican there heenPOLITICAL IDEAS AND IDEOLOGIES 35 * Telion The cel eof acess hgh Ue dake omer dey ned he pred ‘eee of redone for embed cttoms ond ey thet ie eared ogh tne Sue ‘Tex donnie the seared winder ofthe pat ad Inte and pots oe have bon ‘eet by ead shoal be prcerved te bene oh ining ad or yencetns po ene ‘acinen so hte vata of postage nef nl tad neil bone (© Homan imperfictin.The comeratve iw firs mates ry penis fe his ew ‘bag ae ini dependent nd tcotaakig cedures, dca flee he ah ee ‘snd naing tm ale cody cms kn nc ar cy erp poe ‘ed y tia, red ad he i er pow The rom fc addres rede eg ‘Sham ini a amin city Tae naan deep. 40) en eur ag te te enscarat of extn do pean * Orpmicim Lrad f ing rocityaoo ali et product of hanes 8), conserva hae Extasy viewed occa an osc whol, oa ety Sct thee arated by mate ory, ‘afer inetuboas extn of city (Eres ea commana oe und am) _tztog tothe bah ay of ce The we nore Ba elec ined per ‘Scared (fa encom) values sd a comeaen bree son mig wid fe none ee ‘commmaity sd weil coun ( Rleeriy_ nthe const ri (ration fo puta aad ate ae aura anne en rami ost: Th ee the iin es ud apenas o,f xeple angler enh shes dep ned prea ed den Novice em harry end aay See oo ‘eva cant, came oct md pier te ob gions nad tare oa dane ‘enor tion in? determine ln by ack ad the nae of ithe pemperoue and ged ‘equ porter responssy of cam fr Gt bs rete “© aoc. Consens bd 1 sane Spe, eatocy sion crc ‘tom show; porog ‘esSembi (ep 3904 cider ad aspen fo thse wo nk the Knap, experince oben ©. ease thc car and wom Hones ppt marinate der ca we syn os ow oe ‘zm aes, mene cians of property Baths: becn fed fn pat acetone Ge iy sre or ry bef ase feta oes ee 3% POLITICS d Edmund Burke (1729-97) | ar { a Dablerbor Ux xaewran an paca her wh is a sa th art | ‘The One-Naton tradition embodies not only disposition towards vocal «efor, bt sso an eset pragmatic atinade towards econarnic policy. This ‘The New Right, “The New Right represents a departure in contertive thought that amounted to iePOLITICAL IDEAS AND IDEOLOGIES #7 = * Friedrich von Hayek (1899-1992) | | rinse np papa a ‘chal of farm on the Ure of Oxegen vd Sate | was aaredthe Nebel Pfr Foros in #974. en rn a ele | ola and Wenogial support ofthe goal ofa stong but minimal satin ‘Andrew Gamble (1981) words, te fee exonomy and the tong state Yidual responsibity and entrepreneurs, Such ideas are widely sen 10 be z x «advanced through the process of globalization (ee, 142), viewed by some a Seniccicarttkey neoliberal gloaliation, eprom wecmatnd — Neocemenotim Slerenngtobe Neocorsrvaism reasertssinetenth-entary consertive social principles ‘eat ‘The conservative New Right wishes above lf etre authority and return to 38 _PoLirics change. Socialism Although socialist ideas canbe traced back othe Levels and Diggers ofthe seventeenth century, o © Thomas More Uap (1516) 1965), orPOLITICAL IDEAS AND IDEOLOGIES 39 #®_Pouitics fa ten Socal democrats tamed their backs on fundamentalirtprnciplee Fuch af common ownership and planning, and recast socliem in terme of Marxism ileyate horn cen ec or ome ry Son wan ean vin pov execsPOLITICAL IDEAS AND IDEOLOGIES 49 Eduard Bernstein (1850-1932) a nan sci poli aed thes. dn euty rear af the Ginnie $30, | Seri cae er ao eit ae | | end moder orthodox Manton icureed by 5 Fai id ip ay | tat fap. R ting nthe beget owe ofthe USA (Cat 1887) a th sar of ‘italia as a word-systen (Westin, 1984). SLDTE years pan ieepedatent tacts, Hoes Usiare nekeeoroeeiaste: | generis cree renntigrmcaetemewiges Suda coaeedrwercmao na oe Socal dernorecy Seleakinceadpees” niitemenceunteumrec’, che = Socal denocry laste thera coeec fy aera o tes ig ere ie en ary ae ‘Rondomortsistsodalion fundamentalist socialism. Wheress the former is ideologically committed -ted-pomt of human hetary The events of 1880-01 there- res fo communitarianam, muficuturalisn and postmod- eorrmtana rand tener chumplons the came of emmen ovoetap oe iste tenstterecueee’ Soon slptene pomeeeens fate Siepezae Gracy sce» baer bewes hearer Sate ote SLadaciecuprestcenadyion Susiorteatpeuna se cmeetenen echatysemes Rie eed th cman eo wc emacs Seduce etlcommree say Sepa sitet an toe tel oa Ghewtitatssen™” Yeccsscompromie been oe oe and sent afepa SSinslbeiencmeteteloniencdtty fe Seanme US academic and political piwosopher. Hie major wart, A Theory of cic (1 a Soe a eee Shc oe ae {tbr than naan oe A frost pe the ora ng pews | vwvenn! th hws tobe eh ester ot en een eee | ce a il eon) la | ‘he ony reliable mechanism fr generating wealth and on the othe «desire to . 40)Deep eciogits onthe other hand nt tht nothing hort fands- Emons irpnnd Rasral reordering of yltcal ponies sd wings each tres ret ESSE” psa ila saa Meso fogged at eamtcpomecom, SIE nary rem part ht hve spring up in Getty Astinand elsewhere |e be arc Burope sce the 170 [fr bee Cosmopolitanism . 32). Neverthelest, moral soe ‘coumopolianism has taken contrasting bral and soca forms. S2_ POLITICS (RUIN Ue gotten bs ben ere in ve way The i ise ational oa nding the Europe Unio coming covet rwaliog sty to frterafcion and cic allegiance on-wastern ideological trendsPOLITICAL IDBAS AND IDEOLOGIES 33 4 Pouitics waco Coe om ot We in Africa. heve no mee ral eed to be “converted” to soci radas Kaneachand Gd (GSE (iss Ian bre fbr maga aay dashed sco ‘Karamchand Gandhi (1869-1948)! Favdamentaliom venartchd cass STWR Mohandas ( : y mcs Aaa pad on tc aM et atc azoleof ougte, —Postcolonialism Asian values Religjous fundamentalism ‘Alan fini thy have teurfcedtongh et’ sean wth ovo as aes, en cea oY rogh te ‘pray, epecl sinc thea 197s oto fundamental ade ost Imporscy, Ida fndarentalsn or pelt Idem The les th a Beyond dualism ‘rtm soda ith tat Marc bch coatat the feng pe ‘a sere non-wetan elo end ap costae te on dae ‘emp ound in ome oe-weterm pilosphial adios wit the rele ‘iat Reneradateoame became synonymous with mitt pall, armed struggle and. posihiy E ceewrmabmicgs martyrdom. eandomorcnite” — srteemeot depeoleey