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GENERAL INTRODUCTION
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GENERAL INTRODUCTION
Support structures are common civil engineering structures. They are built in
number for uses as varied as excavation shielding for construction
underground structures (parking, roads, building basements, etc.)
Determining the forces acting between the soil and the support structures is a
milestone in geotechnical engineering. Safe and economical design
of a retaining screen requires in-depth knowledge of passive earth pressures
and active
This work aims at the numerical estimation on the one hand of the influence of the
modes of movement
observed in practice and on the other hand the influence of the flexibility of the
retaining screen on
diagrams and pressure coefficients of passive and active earths
The work presented in this thesis addresses the problem of improving the forecast
of
distribution of the pressures acting on a rigid retaining screen.
We also try to predict the effects of the flexibility of the retaining screen on the
land pressures. In practice, this thesis is divided into four chapters:
The first chapter briefly presents the different types of retaining walls that are
classified according to their mode of resumption of the thrust.
The second chapter briefly recapitulates the sizing methods for structures.
support, their assumptions and their limits. Emphasis is placed on the different
methods of taking into account the overloads that may be exerted on the ground
supported by the screen,
In chapter 3, we present a description of digital tools (FLAC 2D) and
behavioral models used in this analysis.
Chapter 04 is devoted to the study of the influence of movement modes and
flexibility
screen on passive and active land pressures, has two parts:

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GENERAL INTRODUCTION
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The first part, relates to the numerical evaluation respectively of the coefficients of
passive and active land pressure Kp, Ka and the influence of the modes of
movement of a wall
of rigid support subjected to three types of translational movement, rotation with
respect to the
base and vertex rotation, using FLAC 2D software in explicit finite differences,
our results will be compared with existing solutions.
The second part is devoted to predicting the effects of retaining screen flexibility
on land pressures.