6330 lb/hr of toluene is cooled from 160 to 100 °F by heating amyl acetate from 90 to 100 °F using 15-ft

hairpins. The exchangers are 2½- by 1¼-in IPS. Allowing 10 psi pressure drops and providing a minimum
dirt factor of 0.004 (a) How many hairpins are required? (b) How shall they be arranged? (c) What is the
final dirt factor? 9. 13,000 lb/hr of 26°API gas oil (see Example 6.3 in text for viscosities) is to be cooled
from 450 to 350 °F by heating 57° API gasoline under pressure from 220 to 230 °F in as many 3- by 2-in
IPS double pipe 20-ft hairpins as are required. Pressure drops of 10 psi are permitted along with a
minimum dirt factor of 0.004 should be provided. (a) How many hairpins of are required? (b) How shall
they be arranged? (c) What is the final dirt factor? 10. 100,000 lb/hr of nitrobenzene is to be cooled
from 325 to 275 °F by benzene heated from 100 to 300 °F. Twenty-foot hairpins of 4- by 3-in IPS double
pipe will be employed, and pressure drops of 10 psi are permissible. A minimum dirt factor of 0.004 is
required. (a) How many hairpins of are required? (b) How shall they be arranged? (c) What is the final
dirt factor? References 1. I. Farag and J. Reynolds, Heat Transfer, a Theodore Tutorial, Theodore
Tutorials, East Williston, NY, originally published by USEPA/APTI, RTP, NC,1996. 2. D. Kern, Process Heat
Transfer, McGraw-Hill, New York City, New York, 1950. 3. L. Theodore, Heat Transfer Applications for the
Practicing Engineering, John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ, 2011. 4. E. Incropera and D. De Witt,
Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer, 4th edition, Chapters 8, 11, John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ,
1996. 5. R. Perry and D. Green (editors), Perry’s Chemical Engineers’ Handbook, 8th edition, 11–67 to
11–137, McGraw-Hill, New York City, NY, 2008. 6. W. McCabe, J. Smith, and P. Harriott, Unit Operations
of Chemical Engineering, 5th edition, Chapters 11–12. McGraw-Hill, New York City, NY, 1993. 7. J.
Famularo: private communication to L. Theodore, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1980. 8. P. Farber, personal
communication to L. Theodore, Chicago, IL, 2018. 9. E. Wilson, Trans. ASME, 34, 47, New York City, NY,
1915. Double Pipe Heat Exchangers 287 10. L. Theodore, personal notes, Manhattan College, Bronx, NY,
1963. 11. A. Andrews, report submitted to L. Theodore, Manhattan College, Bronx, NY, date unknown.
12. P. Abluencia and L. Theodore, Fluid Flow for the Practicing Chemical Engin