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Pathophysiology

PREDISPOSING FACTORS PRECIPITATING FACTORS

1.) Initiation -Genetics -Gender (Female) -Second Hand Smoke –High Fat Diet -Stress

Escape normal enzymatic mechanism

Cells escape DNA repair mechanisms or Apoptosis

Cellular mutations occur

2.) Promotion
Repeated exposure to carcinogens

Expression of abnormal or mutating genetics Cellular oncogenes will be stimulated

info. (Responsible for the vital cellular functions of growth
&differentiation)

Cellular Protoencogenes Cancer suppresses gene (TP53)

(KRAS2 oncogene located on chromosome 12 act as “on (Determine whether cells will live or die after
swith” for cellular growth their DNA is damaged.

Mutate or lose regulatory

“Turn on” cellular growth
capabilities

Reproduction of malignant
3.)Progression
cells

CA cells spreads by way of the lymphatic system & the blood stream Malignant cells enter left breast

Invade or spread to the Lactiferous ducts Travels into the Lactiferous glands
supporting breast tissue

Signs & symptoms Treatment

-lumps –nipple changes –Cysts – Breast Pain 1.)Chemotherapy 2.)MRM 3.)Radiation therapy
4.) Tamoxifen for preventing the cancer to reoccur.