CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of Study
Times are changing, and along with it is the technology as well. Technology

has been growing at a rapid rate to accommodate the current needs and the desires of

the people. Unarguably, one of the greatest technologies of the modern era is the cell

phone. It has become a phenomenon and an addiction to own at least one cell phone.

Cell phones have now become a part of our daily life and without cell phones we

would be lost in this high tech world. Cell phone use is getting more popular.

According to Heeks (2010) a mobile phone (also known as a cellular phone, cell

phone and a hand phone) is a device that can make and receive telephone calls over a

radio link whilst moving around a wide geographic area. It does so by connecting to a

cellular network provided by a mobile phone operator, allowing access to the public

telephone network. By contrast, a cordless telephone is used only within the short

range of a single, private base station. Mobile phones are used for a variety of

purposes, including keeping in touch with family members, conducting business, and

having access to a telephone in the event of an emergency. Some people carry more

than one cell phone for different purposes, such as for business and personal use.

Scoot (2004) revealed that the demand for mobile phones in Africa in the last few

years has been more than most people expected and continues to expand. Operators

have traditionally target urban areas, but it is the demand from rural and low income

areas that have exceeded all expectations. The use of phones has already become part

of African culture. As urban markets become saturated, the next generation of phone

users will be rural based, and they will be using mobile phones.

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 Demand is driven by voice as opposed to data. Social uses such as keeping in

touch with family and friends feature strongly. Benefits include a sense of wellbeing,

improved income (e.g. arranging cash transfers from family members), and reduced

risk (e.g. call for assistance). There is a growing body of evidence of the indirect

impact on the poor arising from improvements in the delivery of pro-poor services

that can be achieved through mobile phone based applications (Scoot, 2004). A great

number of mobile users are increasingly relying on their smart phones for all their

personal and professional needs. Such devices act as key stores for a broad range of

applications, messages, videos, photos, music and especially contacts. Given the

dependence on these devices, the loss of them can be quite traumatic. In a survey on

the MobileSyncPro website, 30% of mobile phone user’s delay to upgrade their

phones because of the difficulty and inconvenience involved in moving their contacts

over 70% of those surveyed, confessed to their mobile phones to be the primary

source for all of their contacts. The survey revealed that this is not just a material loss

but also a great loss of personal data. Both the issues are serious to the user. Thus, by

offering a simple backup solution for mobile phones we can provide peace of mind to

the users, knowing that their digital life – valuable data and contact information – is

safe and easily accessible even when their mobile is lost or damaged.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

Gone are the days when phone contacts were stored in diaries and little note books.

Now these contacts are stored in their hundreds on mobile handsets. However, if the

handset gets missing or the SIM card is damaged, then all the contacts, which were

gathered during the course of years, would be lost and the damage done would be

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irreparable. The problems associated with storing all the phone contacts on the mobile

handset are treated below.

i. SIM Card Loss/Damage: When the mobile operator SIM card is lost or

damaged, the phone contact data is lost.

ii. Handset Loss/Damage: When the mobile handset is misplaced, stolen or

damaged, the phone contact data is lost

iii. Erroneous Removal: During phone software upgrade or file/data clean up, the

phone contacts could be mistakenly erased.

iv. Backup Recovery Expenses: Mobile phone operators provide their customers

with phone contact backup solutions in the event of phone contact loss which is

usually quite expensive.

1.3 Aims and Objectives of the Study

The aim of this project is design and implementing an Android Based Phone

Contact Backup and Recovery System.

The objectives are:

i. Provide a system that will have a Graphical User Interface (GUI) friendly tool

that is easy to use, for the storage of mobile phone contact details online.

ii. Provide a system that will cut down the cost of retrieving lost handsets or

phone lines by providing a cheap means of phone contacts data storage.

iii. Provide a system that will enable users to go online and retrieve their stored

mobile contact numbers in the event that they lose their phones.

iv. Provide a system that will enable the users of the system to recover their

contacts if they have lost or damaged their SIM card.

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1.4 Significance of the Study
The significance of this project paper is outlined below:

i. Prevent the over-reliance on the GSM operator services by providing more

options for phone contacts storage.

ii. Reduce the costs suffered during the replacement of a lost handset or phone

line by allowing the user to acquire only the physical infrastructure (mobile

handset/SIM Card) and not pay for phone contact data loss.

iii. The continuous and smooth running of communication even during the event

of phone or SIM card loss.

1.5 Scope of the Study

The scope of this study will cover the Design and Development of an Android

Based Phone Contact Backup and Recovery System for the storage of phone contact

details on a computer to prevent loss of contact data in the event of handset loss.

The data to be backed up will be limited only to the mobile phone contact information.

Other forms of data on the phone such as SMS text messages and notes will not be

considered.

1.6 Limitation
The limitations that will be faced by the researcher during the course of this project

report will include the following:-

i. Lack of proper internet connection: Poor internet connection will be

experienced during the course of sourcing for materials via the web which will

be useful in performing this research.

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 ii. Lack of power supply: Poor power supply will be a challenge as using the

laptop or personal computer to type the research document will require that a

source of power is needed which will not the readily available

iii. Limited time: The time allotted for the submission of the project will be too

short for the completion of the research as the student will have to make

findings, study the current system, ask questions, wait for answers, submit

reports drafts and do corrections as well as develop the software and make

updates where necessary.

1.7 Definition of terms

Mobile Phone: Cellular telephone, sometimes called mobile telephone, is a type of

short-wave analog or digital telecommunication in which a subscriber has a wireless

connection from a mobile telephone to a relatively nearby transmitter. The

transmitter's span of coverage is called a cell.

SIM Card: A subscriber identity module or subscriber identification module (SIM) is

an integrated circuit that securely stores the International Mobile Subscriber Identity

(IMSI) and the related key used to identify and authenticate subscribers on mobile

telephony devices (such as mobile phones and computers).

Phone Contact: A contact list is a collection of screen names in an instant messaging

or e-mail program or online game or mobile phone. It has various trademarked and

proprietary names in different contexts. The contact lists just a list: generally a

window that has a list of screen names that represent actual other people.

SMS: SMS stands for Short Message Service and is also commonly referred to as a

"text message". With a SMS, you can send a message of up to 160 characters to

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another device. Longer messages will automatically be split up into several parts.

Most cell phones support this type of text messaging

Android Device: An Android device is a device that runs on the Android operating

system. Android is an array of software intended for mobile devices that features an

operating system, core applications and middleware. An Android device may be a

smartphone, tablet PC, e-book reader or any type of mobile device that requires an

OS.

1.8 Research Methodology

For this project to be achieved, the Rapid Application Development (RAD)

method was employed. Rapid Application Development process allows usable system

to be built within a short time (60 – 90 days). In certain situations, the acceptability of

a system can be accessed against the agreed minimum set or requirements rather than

all requirements.

The stage involves includes:

i. Requirement planning: it creates a solid overview covering the requirement and

outlining the functions performed by the system.

ii. User design: this step is designed to eliminate ideas that work in theory but are

inefficient in actual practice.

iii. Construction: it allows designers to program key parts of system and

immediately test features with user feedback.

iv. Implementation: in this stage, users are trained in the operation of the finished

software and the system process is complete.

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 CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Review of Related Literature
Today, mobile phones have become popular to everyone since it is very

convenient. The most advantage of having a mobile phone is that one can

communicate with the family and friends no matter what where they are. For instance,

one can contact friends easily by calling or sending messages without electricity. This

might be the main reason why almost everyone today chooses to own a mobile phone.

From the customer’s point of view, it is obvious that mobile phones assist in business

a lot, such as, make schedule of working, surf the internet, and keep in touch with

their companies (Heeks, 2008).

In addition to telephony, modern mobile phones also support a wide variety of

other services such as text messaging, MMS, email, Internet access, short-range

wireless communications (infrared, Bluetooth), business applications, gaming and

photography. Mobile phones that offer these and more general computing capabilities

are referred to as smart phones.

The first hand-held mobile phone was demonstrated by Dr Martin Cooper of

Motorola in 1973, using a handset weighing around 1 kg. In 1983, the DynaTAC

8000x was the first to be commercially available. In the twenty years from 1990 to

2011, worldwide mobile phone subscriptions grew from 12.4 million to over 5.6

billion, penetrating the developing economies and reaching the bottom of the

economic pyramid (Gartner, 2010).

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2.2 Backup and Recovery
Backup and recovery refers to the process of backing up data in case of a loss

and setting up systems that allow that data recovery due to data loss. Backing up data

requires copying and archiving computer data, so that it is accessible in case of data

deletion or corruption. Data from an earlier time may only be recovered if it has been

backed up.

2.2.1 Types of Backup

i. Full backups: The most basic and complete type of backup operation is a full

backup. As the name implies, this type of backup makes a copy of all data to

another set of media, which can be tape, disk or a DVD or CD. The primary

advantage to performing a full back up during every operation is that a

complete copy of all data is available with a single set of media. This results in

a minimal time to restore data, a metric known as a recovery time objective

(RTO). However, the disadvantages are that it takes longer to perform a full

backup than other types (sometimes by a factor of 10 or more), and it requires

more storage space.Thus, full backups are typically run only periodically. Data

centers that have a small amount of data (or critical applications) may choose

to run a full backup daily, or even more often in some cases. Typically, backup

operations employ a full backup in combination with either incremental or

differential backups.

ii. Incremental backups: An incremental backup operation will result in copying

only the data that has changed since the last backup operation of any type. The

modified time stamp on files is typically used and compared to the time stamp

of the last backup. Backup applications track and record the date and time that

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 backup operations occur in order to track files modified since these operations.

Because an incremental backup will only copy data since the last backup of any

type, it may be run as often as desired, with only the most recent changes

stored. The benefit of an incremental backup is that they copy a smaller amount

of data than a full. Thus, these operations will complete faster, and require

fewer medium to store the backup.

iii. Differential backups: A differential backup operation is similar to an

incremental the first time it is performed, in that it will copy all data changed

from the previous backup. However, each time it is run afterwards, it will

continue to copy all data changed since the previous full backup. Thus, it will

store more data than an incremental on subsequent operations, although

typically far less than a full backup. Moreover, differential backups require

more space and time to complete than incremental backups, although less than

full backups.

2.2.2 Importance of Backup System

Some of the importance of an online backup system is stated below:

i. Convenience: The convenience offered by online backup solutions is

indisputable. Though data can be stored on other transportable devices such as

external hard drives or flash drives, even they require manual, physical

handling. Online backup is accessible from anywhere, so long as there is

internet connectivity; information is saved automatically as it streams in. You

do not have to proactively save, label and track information. Rather, the

convenience of online backup allows for you to concentrate solely on your

work without worrying about data loss.

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 ii. Safety: As your data is stored in the Cloud, you are not subject to the typical

threats of fire, flooding or theft. In fact, data that is stored in the Cloud is

generally stored on secure, encrypted servers and systems, which minimizes the

risks your data can incur. However, it must be noted that while some cloud

storages do tout encryption services, you can never be too secure – and

depending on the type of data that you’re looking to store, you may want to

invest in additional cloud security services.

iii. Ease of Recovery: Due to multiple levels of redundancy, if data is lost or

deleted, most likely through individual user error or deletion, backups are

available and easily located. Multiple levels of redundancy means that your

online backup service stores multiple copies of your data in locations

independent of each other. The more levels you have stored, the better as each

ensures that your data is safeguarded against loss as much as possible, allowing

you to access a backed up version of your data should it ever get lost.

iv. Ease of Access: As the Cloud has no singular physical location, remote access

is also a simple and feasible benefit to online backup. So long as you can

connect to the remote server, you have access to all the data that you have

stored in the Cloud, without having to do anything differently. From wherever

your contact point is, gaining access to your information backed up online from

your remote device is done the same way, ensuring consistency and an easy

approach across platforms.

v. Affordability: Cloud-based back up can be less expensive than the cost of tape

drives, servers, or other hardware and software elements necessary to perform

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 the back up; the media on which the backups are stored; the transportation of

media to a remote location for safekeeping; and the IT labor required to

manage and troubleshoot backup systems.

2.2.3 Existing Mobile Phone Back Up System

Mobile Backup is a work that provides “data insurance” for the contacts stored

in your mobile phone. It is a fact of life that mobile phones are frequently lost or

damaged. While the phone may be easy to replace, what is often lost for good is the

contact information stored on the lost phone (Stella, 2011). Several Mobile backup

have existed to solve this problem by backing up the contact data. These are discussed

below.

Remo backup: Remo backup wireless applications turn everyday mobile phones into

productivity applications. In general, the applications give you access to information

on your desktop PC while you are away from the office. Without having to leave your

computer on, you can access the information you need while traveling. Important

information, such as business or personal Email, contacts and calendar can be viewed

and managed via the mobile phone. Whether you are a mobile professional looking for

ways to be more productive when away from the office, an individual responsible for

wireless projects in your organization, or someone who just likes to stay connected to

friends and family, there is a Remo backup application for you (Stella, 2011).

Vufone: Vufone is web service with mobile client which gives you the ability to

manage your mobile phone online (Makeuseof.com). With Vufone you can backup

mobile data (contacts, messages, calendar and media) and easily control it from

provided web account. It allows you to use Microsoft Outlook or Google to manage

your meetings, events and contacts from your mobile phone. You can even upload and

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share your mobile media with friends on social networking sites like Facebook, Flickr,

Youtube etc.

My Phone: Microsoft My Phone is an online service with a companion mobile client

application from Microsoft (Microsoft). The service, which launched on October 6,

2009, provides a free mobile phone back-up solution by wirelessly synchronizing

contacts, calendar appointments, tasks, text messages, browser favorites, photos,

music, video and documents with a password-protected online portal where users can

access and manage their information. The service also enables photo sharing and, in

some markets, a set of features for dealing with a lost phone that are sold as a

Premium Package requiring a one-time fee. My Phone supports Windows Mobile OS

versions 6.0, 6.1 and 6.5 and is available globally in 25 languages.

Dmailer: Dmailer specialized in portable backup and synchronization software for a

range of mobile devices, including USB flash drives, memory cards, external hard

disk drives, MP3 players, embedded phone memories, SIM cards and flash-based

memory cards for mobile phones. Dmailer’s data backup software supports both local

and online backup. On March 23, 2010, Dmailer launched a free version of its backup

software (Dmailer Backup v3) (Fileslinger). The software application allows users to

perform live backup and online backup of any storage device, as well as to back up

PC and Mac platforms locally, via USB drive, CD, mobile device or external hard

drive. No software installation is needed to restore data.

Zyb: Zyb allows you to backup all your mobile phone numbers online for free. Zyb is

an international mobile phone backup service and chances are fairly high that it

supports your phone model and your phone operator (techcrunch.com).You create an

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account on Zyb website by typing your phone number, selecting your phone model

and your cellular operator. You will soon receive an SMS confirmation code and

you're all set to store your mobile content on Zyb website. Zyb can store unlimited

cell phone contact numbers, calendar and SMS text messages without asking you to

download any software on your cell phone. It can even sync your data online when

you add or update contact information. Support for iPod and Outlook sync in expected

soon.

2.3 Analysis of the Existing System

Mobile phone contacts can be collected and stored on the either the mobile handset or

on the SIM card.

i. Through receiving a phone call from another mobile phone

ii. Through getting the details from a SMS text message sent from another mobile

phone.

iii. Through typing the details directly into the mobile handset via the keypads.

2.3.1 Problems of the Existing System

Information gathered from the existing system shows that the system has the

following problems;

i. When the mobile operator SIM card is lost or damaged, the phone contact data

is lost.

ii. When the mobile handset is misplaced, stolen or damaged, the phone contact

data is lost

iii. During phone software upgrade or file/data clean up, the phone contacts could

be mistakenly erased.

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 iv. Mobile phone operators provide their customers with phone contact backup

solutions in the event of phone contact loss which is usually quite expensive to

utilize.

2.4 Analysis of the Proposed System

The proposed system is to develop an android phone contact backup and

restore system. The system will only grant access to those that registers or create

account which will enable them to save their contact online.

2.4.1 Advantage of Proposed System

The Android Based Phone Contact Backup and Recovery System will prevent

the over-reliance on the GSM operator services by providing more options for phone

contacts storage. Also, it will reduce the costs incurred during the replacement of a

lost handset or phone line by allowing the user to acquire only the physical

infrastructure (mobile handset/SIM Card) and not pay for phone contact data loss.

2.5 Justification of the Proposed System

Based on the various benefits of the proposed system, the system justification

encompass the cost and time taken to complete this work is not much but the

development of this system will reduce the cost of retrieving your phone contact when

loss.

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 CHAPTER THREE
SYSTEM DESIGN
3.1 Objectives of the Design
System design is the process of defining the architecture, component, modules,

interface and data for the system to satisfy specified requirement one could see it as

the application of system theory to product development.

The objectives of this are to be able to demonstrate the process involves in the design

and implementation of an android based phone backup and restore system. System

design moves the concentration of the project from problem domain to solution

domain.

3.2 Main Menu Design

Fig. 3.1 Main menu

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3.3 Input Design
The input design specifies how data are entered and accepted by the system for

processing. The design specifies how the user interact with the system to direct the

action to be taken.

3.3.1 User login Page

The user can only gain access to the system main module using the login form.

Fig 3.2 login page

3.3.2 User Registration Page

The user registration form enables the user to fill in their data such as username,

password and email address.

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Fig 3.3 Registration page

3.3.3 Add Contact Page

This form allows the user to add a new contact to the database

Fig 3.3 Add contact page

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3.3.4 Edit Contact Page
This form enables the users to update any contact store in the database

Fig 3.4 Edit contact page

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3.4 Output Design
This refers to the result that are generated by the system

3.4.1 Contact View page

This is a page that shows the user all the contact he/she saved and from here you can

download the contact as a PDF file.

Fig 3.5 Contact view page

3.4.2 Edit and Delete Contact Page

This is the page where the user can choose a particular contact to edit or delete.

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Fig 3.6 Edit and Delete contact page

3.5 Use Case Diagram

Use case diagrams are usually referred to as behavior diagrams used to describe

a set of actions (use cases) that some system or systems (subject) should or can

perform in collaboration with one or more external users of the system (actors).

Below is the use case diagram of the Mobile Phone Contact Back-Up Solution.

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Figure 3.7 Use case Diagram

3.6 Database Files

The database system that will be used to store the information for this system

will be the MySQL database management system.

Below are the descriptions and structure of the database files to be used by the system:

Login file: This database file will contain the information used to store authentication

details used to gain access to the Solution.

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Table1: Login table

Contact file: This database file will contain the information about the phone contact

details.

Table2: Contact table

3.7 System Flowchart

A flowchart is a type of diagram that represents an algorithm, workflow or

process, showing the steps as boxes of various kinds, and their order by connecting

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them with arrows. This diagrammatic representation illustrates a solution model to a

given problem.

Below is the diagram showing the flowchart of the Android Based Phone Contact

Backup and Recovery System

DISPLAY ADD
CONTACT FORM

DISPLAY UPDATE
CONTACT FORM

DISPLAY VIEW
CONTACT FORM

Fig 3.8 Flowchart of Android Based Phone Contact Backup and Recovery

System

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3.8 Data Flow Diagram
A data flow diagram (DFD) maps out the flow of information for any process

or system. It uses defined symbols like rectangles, circles and arrows, plus short text

labels, to show data inputs, outputs, storage points and the routes between each

destination.

The dataflow diagram for the proposed system is illustrated in the figure below.

Fig 3.9 Dataflow Diagram

3.9 Choice of Programming

HTML and PHP was used as the web authoring tool because of its flexibility,

bend ability and very easy deploying site. PHP MYSQL was used for designing the

database that served as the backend for storing information because of its high

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maintenance and security tool. Android Studio was used to integrate the restoring part

of the system (printing or saving as PDF) and also for building the app to a dot Apk

file.

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 CHAPTER FOUR
SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION
4.1 Overview of System Implementation
The Android Based Phone Contact Backup and Recovery System was

implemented using HTML version 5, PHP server side scripting language, JavaScript

client side scripting language and the MySQL database server.

System implementation follows the approval of the system proposals and its

objectives, so as to arrive at a satisfactory, implemented, completed and evaluated

function of the automated system.

4.2 Hardware Requirement

i. Android 4.0 (Cream Sandwich)

ii. Android 4.1/4.2/ 4.3 (Jelly Bean)

iii. Android 4.4 (Kit Kat)

iv. Android 5.0/5.1 (Lollipop)

v. Android 6.0 (Marshmallow)

vi. Android 7.0 (Nougat)

vii. Android 8.0, 8.1 (Oreo)

4.2.1 Android Requirement

i. The absolute minimum requirements for Android were originally a 200MHz

processor, 32MB of RAM, and 32MB of storage.

ii. Out of the box, Android is incompatible with ARMv4 or lower, ARMv5 or

higher is needed to run native code without modification.

iii. Android 4.4+ requires an ARMv7 processor.

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4.3 Procedure for Installing Android Application
Before attempting a manual installation of apps using the .apk files, you must

first allow your phone to install from “unknown source” (i.e. non-market apps).

To do this, navigate to Menu-> Settings -> Applications and check the box marked

“unknown source”.

4.3.1 Installing Application Using the Conventional Method:

Step 1: Install File Manager

Some Android phones does not natively come with any method of browsing the

data on your SD card, so you will need to install a file manager from a market. There

is a large variety of file manager available on Android. Then if your Android phone

comes with one or has a file manager then you don’t need to perform this step.

Step 2: Copy the .apk file to SD card

Connect your Android device to the PC using your USB cable. Mount the SD card and

copy over the .apk file you would like to install.

Step 3: Install .apk

On your Android device, navigate to the .apk file using the file manager and select it.

This will open a dialog box allowing you to install the app. select “open app

manager”. One the next page, select “install” to install the apk.

Your new app is now installed.

4.4 Detailed Implementation Plan

A parallel approach plan will be used to implement this system. This approach

allows both the old system and the new system to run concurrently together. This is

necessary in the event of failure of the new system due to unavoidable technical

inefficiencies.

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4.5 Android Testing
Android Studio is designed to make testing simple with just a few clicks, you

can set up a Junit that test on the local JVM or an instrumented test that runs on a

device. Of course you also extends your test capabilities by integrating test

frameworks such as mockito to test, and Espresso or UI automated to exercise user’s

interaction in your instrumented tests. You can generate Espresso tests automatically

using espresso test recorder.

4.5.1 Local Unit Test

Located at module-name/Src/test/java/.

These are test that run on your machines local java Virtual Machines (JVM).

Use these to minimize execution time when your test have no Android framework

dependencies or when you can mock the Android framework dependencies. At

runtime, these test are executed against a modified version of android.java where all

final modifiers have been stripped off. This let you use popular mocking libraries like

mockito.

4.5.2 Instrumented Test

Located at module-name/Src/androidTest/java/.

These are test that run on hardware device or emulator. These test have access

to instrumentation APIs, give you access to information. Such as the context of the

app you are testing and let you control the app under test from your test code. Use

these tests when writing integration and functional UI test to automate user

interaction, or when your test have Android dependencies that mock objects cannot

satisfy. Because instrumented test are built into a APK (separate from your app APK),

that must have their own AndroidManifest.xml file. However, Gradle automatically

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generate this file during the build so it is not visible in your project source set. You

own manifest file if necessary, such as to specify a different value for

‘minSdkVersion’ or register run listeners just for your test. When building your app

Gradle merges multiple manifest files into one manifest.

4.5.3 Testing Application With Android Phone

Fig 4.1 Starting the android application

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Fig 4.2 Registering new user

Fig 4.3 Showing user existed when trying to register with existing username

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Fig 4.4 Showing success when you register with none existing username

Fig 4.5 User loging in to the application

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Fig 4.6 showing no such file when you enter with wrong username and password

Fig 4.7 telling you that some fields are empty when filling form or entering data.

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Fig 4.8 showing user adding contact to the database

Fig 4.9 showing that a new contact has been added

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Fig 4.10 showing no record when user search for contact that is not stored

Fig 4.11 showing a particular stored contact when the users search for it

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4.6 Training of the Operator
i. Open the app.

ii. On the main menu click ‘start’.

iii. Type in your login details to login to the app main page.

iv. If you don’t have any login details, then click on ‘register’ to register your new

details.

v. If you login the first page you will see allow you to add contact to the database.

vi. At the left side of the page lies the side navigation button which when click it

will show you some navigational links to do others operations.

vii. On top of the page is the action-bar, the left and right arrows help you to move

back and front and the down arrow is use to download the contact you store in

the online database.

4.7 Android Maintenance

System maintenance is the process of modifying software to improve its performance.

In other words maintenance involves updating and upgrading the system to keep pace

with new product, service, customers, demand government regulation and other

imperative for system changes as they become necessary. For any software to stand

the test of time, regular maintenance must be carried out on the software.

4.8 System Evaluation

The system was tested and was found to meet up with the objectives set out by

the researcher at the start of this computer science research. All input and output

modules functions as was required. It was possible to recover the contacts after

storage by the user.

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4.9 Findings/Achievement
In the course of this project, I found out that the existing system only works

with e-mail and without it you cannot backup your data and my achievement is that I

was able to build a new system which allow the user to enter a username and

password (name and password that won’t be shared with anyone) that he/she will be

using to login to his account and backup their contact. Also I added a way whereby

the user can have a soft copy of the contact him /her backup.

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 CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
5.1 Summary
Times are changing, and along with it is the technology as well. Technology

has been growing at a rapid rate to accommodate the current needs and the desires of

the people. Unarguably, one of the greatest technologies of the modern era is the cell

phone. It has become a phenomenon and an addiction to own at least one cell phone.

Cell phones have now become a part of our daily life and without cell phones we

would be lost in this high tech world. Cell phone use is getting more popular. Gone

are the days when phone contacts were stored in diaries and scratch pads. Now these

contacts are stored in their hundreds on mobile handsets. However if the handset gets

missing or the SIM card is damaged, then all the contacts, which were gathered during

the course of years, would be lost and the damage done would be irreparable. This has

led to the implementation and development of an Android Based Phone Contact

Backup and Recovery System for the prevention of phone contact data loss.

5.2 Problems Encountered and Solution

In the course of this research, the following problems were encountered and were

addressed with stated below:

i. Inadequate funding: Software project of this magnitude is capital intensive. The

funds at my disposal were too meager to support the project. In other to address

this, effort were geared towards increasing personal serving to meet the needs

of this research work.

ii. Lack of power supply.

iii. Lack of internet facility.

37
iv. Insufficient time: time allowed to this project work was too short hence most of

the work done in a rush thereby not affording the students the ample

opportunities to perform the research at their pace to master the process.

However, sleepless nights were spent to ensure that the work was complete as

at when due.

5.3 Recommendations
Based on the thorough study on this project work, the following recommendations

have been put forward:

i. Future researches should improve on the Android Based Phone Contact Backup

and Recovery System by allowing provision for online storage to further

protect the contact details in the event of system failure.

ii. Phone contacts put into the database should be stored in an encrypted format so

as to provide protection from unauthorized users.

iii. The solution is suitable for use by any individual owning a mobile handset for

the backing up of phone contacts as it provides an inexpensive alternative to

the mobile contacts backup services provided by the Mobile Operators.

5.4 Conclusion
A great number of mobile users are increasingly relying on their smart phones

for all their personal and professional needs. Such devices act as key stores for a broad

range of applications, messages, videos, photos, music and especially contacts. Given

the dependence on these devices, the loss of them can be quite traumatic. Surveys

have revealed that the loss of mobile phone contacts is not only viewed just as a

material loss but also a great loss of personal data. Both the issues are serious to the

user.

38
Thus, by offering a simple backup solution for mobile phones we can provide peace of

mind to the users, knowing that their digital life – valuable data and contact

information – is safe and easily accessible even when their mobile is lost or damaged.

It is hoped that the positive results achieved during the course of this research

work will go a long way in providing phone owners with a viable solution to their

mobile contacts backup issues.

39
 REFERENCES
Agar, J. (2004). Constant Touch: A Global History of the Mobile Phone, ISBN 1-
84046-541-7.

De Waard, D. Schepers, P. Ormel, W. and Brookhuis, K. (2010). Mobile phone use

while cycling: Incidence and effects on behaviour and safety, Ergonomics, Vol
53, No. 1, January 2010, Pp 30–42.

Donner, J. and Steenson, M. W (2008). Beyond the Personal and Private: Modes of
Mobile Phone Sharing in Urban India. In The Reconstruction of Space and
Time: Mobile Communication Practices, edited by Scott Campbell and Rich
Ling, 231–250. Piscatawy, NJ: Transaction Publishers.

Feig, N. (2007). Mobile Payments: Look to Korea. Retrieved 29 January 2011.

Gartner, D. (2010). Gartner Says Worldwide Mobile Connections Will Reach 5.6
Billion in 2011 as Mobile Data Services Revenue Totals $314.7 Billion (PDF).

Heeks, R. (2008). Meet Marty Cooper – the inventor of the mobile phone. BBC 41
(6): 26–33. doi:10.1109/MC.2008.192

Miller, J. (2009). Cell Phone Tracking Can Locate Terrorists — But Only Where It's
Legal. FOX News. Retrieved 14 March 2009.

Odell, M. (2005). Use of mobile helped police keep tabs on suspect. Financial Times.
Retrieved 14 March 2009.

Poulter, S. (2011). End of the credit card? With one swipe of an iPhone you'll be able
to pay for your shopping. London. Retrieved 29 January 2011

Shiels, M. (2003). BBC interview with Martin Cooper. BBC News.

40
 APPENDIX
SOURCE CODE
<?php
require_once 'mobile/Mobile_Detect.php';
$detect = new Mobile_Detect;
if ( $detect->isMobile() ) {
}
else
{
//die("Not Mobile Device.");
}
?>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Mobile Contact System</title>
<!--
This template can be used for creating apps that require user login and user
registration before starting actual app.
-->
<meta name="viewport" content="initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, minimum-
scale=1.0, user-scalable=0;" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="appframework/af.ui.css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="appframework/icons.css" />
<script type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"
src="appframework/appframework.ui.min.js"></script>

<!-- Required if packaging to native app using Intel XDK -->

<script src="intelxdk.js"></script>
<script src="xhr.js"></script>
<script>
functiononDeviceReady(){
$.ui.launch();
intel.xdk.device.hideSplashScreen();
}
document.addEventListener("intel.xdk.device.ready", onDeviceReady, false);
</script>
<!-- end Intel XDK code -->
<script>
$.ui.autoLaunch = false;
$.ui.backButtonText = "Back";

$(document).ready(function(){
$.ui.launch();
// setup signin and signup button events

41
$("#login").on("click", function(){
signIn();
});

$("#register").on("click", function(){
signUp();
});
});
functionsignIn(){
// sigin code here

$.ui.loadContent("main", null, null, "fade");

}
functionsignUp(){
// signup code here

$.ui.loadContent("main", null, null, "fade");

}
functionstartApp(){
// clears all back button history
$.ui.clearHistory();
// your app code here
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="afui" class="">
<div id="content" style="">
<!-- Views -->
<!-- Welcome View -->
<div class="panel" title="Welcome" id="page1" data-header="none" data-
footer="none" selected="true">
<div style="text-align:center">
<br>
<br>
<h1><img src=logo.jpg height="25" width="20" />Mobile Contact System</h1>
<br>
<br>
<p>Welcome to the Mobile Contact System Platform. Login below</p>
<br>
<br>
</div>
<ul class="list inset">
<li><a href="#signin" class="icon user" style="text-align:center">Admin
Login</a></li>
</ul>

42
</div>
<!-- Login View -->
<div class="panel" title="Login" id="signin" data-footer="none">
<form action="#main" id=my_form>
<div style="text-align:center">
<br>
<br>
<p>Login to add contact details</p>
<br>
<br>
</div>
<input name="uname" type="text" placeholder="username" />
<input name="pword" type="password" placeholder="password" />
<a href="javascript:{}" class="button block green"
onClick="document.getElementById('my_form').submit();">Login</a>
</form>
</div>
<!-- Register View -->
<div class="panel" title="Select Location" id="signup" data-footer="none">
<div style="text-align:center">
<br>
<br>
<p>Hi, select your location.</p>
<br>
<br>
</div>
<form action="book.php" method="get" id="my_form2" >
<select name="from1" >
<option value="">--LOCATION--</option>
<?php
include('db.php');
$n=0;
$result= @mysql_query("select * from mechanic group by location");
while(@$row=mysql_fetch_array($result))
{
$n++;
$id=$row['location'];

echo"<option value=$id >".($id)."</option>";

}
</select>
<a href="javascript:{}" class="button block green"
onClick="document.getElementById('my_form2').submit();">Search</a>
</form>
</div>
<!-- Main App View -->

43
<div class="panel" title="Mobile Contact App" id="main" data-load="startApp">
<?php
include('db.php');
$uname=($_REQUEST['uname']);
$pword=($_REQUEST['pword']);
$result=mysql_query("select uname from user where uname='$uname' and pword =
'$pword'");
@$chk= mysql_result($result,0);
//echo "username: $uname and password: $pword";
if ($chk=='')
{
echo "
<center><br/>
<font color= red >
Wrong Username and Password!
<br>
<br>
<form action='#signin' method=post target=_self enctype=multipart/form-data>
<input type = submit value='Back' name=tour class='button block green'>
</FORM>";
mysql_close($con);
die();
}
//header("Location:hod.php?uname=$uname");
//header("Location:http://google.com");
echo '<script type="text/javascript">
window.location="hod.php";
</script>';
}
?>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Admin Portal</title>
<!--
This template can be used for simple app with left side menu that can be opened to
switch views, for applications like Youtube App or Gmail app.
-->
<meta name="viewport" content="initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, minimum-
scale=1.0, user-scalable=0;" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="appframework/af.ui.css" />

44
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="appframework/icons.css" />
<script type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"
src="appframework/appframework.ui.min.js"></script>
<!--AppFramework plugin for sliding side menu-->
<script type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"
src="appframework/plugins/af.slidemenu.js"></script>
<!-- Required if packaging to native app using Intel XDK -->
<script src="intelxdk.js"></script>
<script src="xhr.js"></script>
<script>
$.feat.nativeTouchScroll=true;
</script>
<script>
functiononDeviceReady(){
$.ui.launch();
intel.xdk.device.hideSplashScreen();
}
document.addEventListener("intel.xdk.device.ready", onDeviceReady, false);
</script>
<!-- end Intel XDK code -->
<script>
$.ui.autoLaunch = false;
$.ui.animateHeaders = false;
$(document).ready(function(){
$.ui.setSideMenuWidth('260px');
$.ui.launch();
});
</script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="afui">
<!--Left Side Menu Navigation bar -->
<nav>
<ul class="list">
<li><a href="#page1" class="icon pencil">Add Contact</a></li>
<li><a href="#page2" class="icon magnifier">Search Contact</a></li>
<li><a href="#page3" class="icon magnifier">View Contacts</a></li>
<li><a href="javascript:window.location='index.php';" class="icon
user">Logout</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
<div id="content" style="">
<!--------------------------------------------------------Page 1-->
<div class="panel" title="Add Contact" id="page1" data-footer="none" >
<header>

45
<a id="menubadge" onclick='$.ui.toggleSideMenu()' class='menuButton'
style="float:left !important"></a>
<h1>Add Contact</h1>
</header>
<p>Enter Contact details below:</p>
<form action="#submit" id="my_form" method="post">
<input name="name" type="text" placeholder="Contact Name" />
<input name="phone" type="text" placeholder="Mobile Phone" />
<input name="email" type="text" placeholder="Email" />
<textarea name="addr" placeholder="Contact Address" ></textarea>
<input name="form" type="hidden" value='1' />
<a href="javascript:{}" class="button block green"
onClick="document.getElementById('my_form').submit();">Submit</a>
</form>
<div class="panel" title="Favorites" id="page2" data-footer="none">
<header>
<a id="menubadge" onclick='$.ui.toggleSideMenu()' class='menuButton'
style="float:left !important"></a>
<h1>Search Contact</h1>
</header>
<p>Search for a contact below</p>
<form action="#submit" id='my_form2' method="post" >
<select name="name" id="select2">
<option value="">--SELECT CONTACT--</option>
<?php
include('db.php');
$n=0;
$result= @mysql_query("select * from mobile_contacts");
while(@$row=mysql_fetch_array($result))
{
$n++;
$id=$row['id'];
$name=$row['name'];
echo"<option value='$name' >".strtoupper($name)."</option>";
</select>
<input name="form" type="hidden" value='2' />
<a href="javascript:{}" class="button block green"
onClick="document.getElementById('my_form2').submit();">Search</a>
</form>
<div class="panel" title="View Bookings" id="page3" data-footer="none">
<header>
<a id="menubadge" onclick='$.ui.toggleSideMenu()' class='menuButton'
style="float:left !important"></a>
<h1>View Contacts</h1>
</header>
<p>View your mobile contacts</p>

46
<?php
include('db.php');
$n=0;
$result= @mysql_query("select * from mobile_contacts");
while(@$row=mysql_fetch_array($result))
{
$n++;
$id=$row[0];
$a=$row[1];
$b=$row[2];
$c=$row[3];
$d=$row[4];
$e=$row[5];
; $f="<a href=javascript:window.location='delete.php?id=$id' class='button' >Delete
Contact</a>";
echo"
<font color=blue><i><b>------ Record #$n ------<b></i><br/></font>
Contact: $a <br/><br/>
Phone: $b <br/><br/>
Email: $c <br/><br/>
Address: $d <br/><br/>
Date Added: $e <br/>
$f
<hr>
}
?>
</table>
<?php
if ($n==0)
{echo"<CENTER>
No contacts available!
";}
?>
</div>
<div class="panel" title="Logout" id="page4" data-footer="none">
<header>
<a id="menubadge" onclick='index.php' class='menuButton' style="float:left !
important"></a>
<h1>Logout</h1>
</header>
</div>
<!-- /////////////////////////////////////////////////// submit code -->
<!--Route Submit-->
<div class="panel" title="Processing..." id="submit" data-load="startApp">
<?php
if ($_REQUEST['form']=="1")

47
{
include('db.php');
$a=$_REQUEST['form'];
$a=($_REQUEST['name']);
$b=($_REQUEST['phone']);
$c=($_REQUEST['email']);
$d=($_REQUEST['addr']);
$e = date("M j, Y");
if (($a=='') or ($b=='') or ($c==''))
{
echo "
<br/>
<center>
Please fill all fields!
<br/>
<a href='hod.php?#page1' class='button block green' style='text-
align:center'>Back</a> ";
die('');
}
//echo $plate.$weigh.$color.$man.$model.$chasis.$type.$owner;
$sql="insert into mobile_contacts
values
(
'',
'$a',
'$b',
'$c',
'$d',
'$e'
)";
if (mysql_query($sql))
{
echo "<br/>
<center>
Contact added!
<br/><br/>
<a href=#page1 class='button block green' style='text-align:center'>Back</a> ";
}
else
{
echo "
<br/>
<center><FONT FACE=VERDANA >
<h4>PLEASE TRY AGAIN!</h4>
<br/>
<a href='javascript:history.back(1);'> Back</a>";

48
die();
}
;
}
//exit;
///////////////////////////////////////////
?>
<?php
if ($_REQUEST['form']=="2")
{
include('db.php');
$name=($_REQUEST['name']);
//$date = date("M j, Y");
if (($name==''))
{
echo "
<br/>
<center>
Please fill all fields!
<br/>
<a href=#page2 class='button block green' style='text-align:center'>Back</a> ";
die();
}
//echo $plate.$weigh.$color.$man.$model.$chasis.$type.$owner;
$n=0;
//echo "name=$name";
$result= @mysql_query("select * from mobile_contacts where name='$name'");
while(@$row=mysql_fetch_array($result))
{
$n++;
$id=$row[0];
$a=$row[1];
$b=$row[2];
$c=$row[3];
$d=$row[4];
$e=$row[5];
$f="<a href=javascript:window.location='delete.php?id=$id' class='button' >Delete
Contact</a>";
echo"
<font color=blue><i><b>------ Result #$n ------<b></i><br/></font>
Contact: $a <br/><br/>
Phone: $b <br/><br/>
Email: $c <br/><br/>
Address: $d <br/><br/>
Date Added: $e <br/>
$f

49
<hr>
}
echo"
</table>";
if ($n==0)
{echo"<CENTER>
No contacts available!";}
}
echo"<a href=#page2 class='button block green' style='text-align:center'>Back</a> ";
?>
<br/>
<!-- /////////////////////////////////////////////////// submit code end -->
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

OUTPUT SAMPLE

50