SMJK Chung Ling Pulau Pinang

Peperiksaan Penggal 1 2019

EKONOMI
KERTAS2
TINGKATAN 5

Nama:______________________________( ) Masa: 2jam 15minit

Kelas:__________________________
Bahagian A (60 markah)
Bahagian ini mengandungi 3 soalan. Semua soalan wajib dijawab.

1. a.)Huraikan konsep kekurangan dalam ekonomi.

(2 markah)
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

b.)Nyatakan empat penentu penawaran bukan harga barang itu.(4 markah)

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

1
 c.)Jelaskan konsep lebihan permintaan dan lebihan penawaran. (4markah)
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

d.)Huraikan jenis-jenis inflasi berikut:

i.)Inflasi tarikan permintaan (2 markah)

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
ii)Inflasi tolakan kos (2 markah)
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

2
 iii.)Inflasidiimport (2 markah)
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

e.) Nyatakan empat kesan peningkatan Keluaran Dalam Negara Kasar (KDNK)dalam
sesebuah negara. (4 markah)

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

3
2.)Jadual di bawah ini menunjukkan kuantiti permintaan dan kuantiti penawaran suatu barang
pada pelbagai tingkat harga.

Harga (RM ) Kuantiti (Unit )

Permintaan Penawaran
10 55 8
20 48 15
30 35 25
40 25 45
50 5 50

i.) Dengan menggunakan kertas graf yang disediakan, lukis keluk keseimbangan
pasaran barang. (5 markah)

ii.) Berapakah harga dan kuantiti keseimbangan pasaran barang tersebut? (2 markah)
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

iii.) Jelaskan keadaan pasaran barang pada tingkat harga RM40. (2 markah)
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

4
b.) Maklumat di bawah ini berkaitan dengan pendapatan dan perbelanjaan Encik Hafiz bagi
bulan Jun.

Gaji :RM5 000.00

Caruman KWSP :11%

Cukai pendapatan :RM 120.00

Hitung: Zakat :RM100
i.)caruman pekerja kepada KWSP (2 markah)
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

ii.)pendapatan boleh guna (3 markah)

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
c.)Terangkan tiga faktor yang mempengaruhi produktiviti. (6 markah)
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

5
3a.) Maklumat di bawah menunjukkan dua jenis cukai.

Cukai A Cukai B
 Cukai pintu  Duti Eksais

 Duti setem  Duti import

 Cukai pendapatan individu  Cukai barang dan perkhidmatan

i.) Namakan jenis cukai A dan B. (2 markah)

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

ii.) Bandingkan jenis cukai A dan B. (4 markah)

________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

b.)Bagaimanakah cukai progresif dapat mengurangkan jurang pendapatan masyarakat?

Jelaskan. (4 markah)
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

6
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
c.) Terangkan jenis-jenis perbelanjaan kerajaan. (5 markah)
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
d.) Jelaskan lima kesan kepada ekonomi negara jika bank pusat menaikkan nisbah rizab
tunai. (5 markah)
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

7
 Bahagian B
[40 markah]

Arahan: Jawab mana-mana dua soalan dalam bahagian ini.

4. Petikan di bawah berkaitan dengan sumber ekonomi.

Kerajaan Persekutuan telah mencadangkan ingin membina sebuah sekolah jenis
kebangsaan .tamil di Taman Keladi, Sungai Petani, Kedah. Sekolah tersebut mempunyai
20 buah bilik darjah, 1 buah bilik guru dan 3 buah makmal sains. Walau bagaimanapun,
sejak kebelakangan ini beberapa' isu telah timbul seperti kekurangan murid di sekolah
jenis kebangsaan tamil.

(Sumber: Tamil Nesan,

2017)

(a) Jelaskan secara terperinci sumber-sumber ekonomi yang terlibat dalam pembinaan
bangunan sekolah tersebut? (8 markah)

(b) Apakah sistem ekonomi yang dimiliki oleh negara sekolah tersebut?
Buktikan. (4 markah)

(c) Ramalan faedah yang diperolehi penduduk sekitar dan negara kesan daripada pembinaan
bangunan sekolah. (8 markah)

5a.) "Apabila seseorang individu berbelanja melebihi pendapatan boleh gunanya, maka
pinjaman terpaksa dilakukan untuk menampung kekurangan wang semasa."
Apakah perbelanjaan yang memerlukan seseorang individu membuat pinjaman?(6 markah)

(b) Bagaimanakah cara untuk seseorang individu menambahkan punca pendapatannya?

Jelaskan. (8 markah)

(c) Jelaskan cara-cara pelaburan yang dilakukan oleh sesebuah firma. (6 markah)

6.Maklumat di bawah ini berkaitan dengan satu situasi ketidakstabilan ekonomi.

Kadar pengangguran dijangka meningkat dan kerajaan berupaya untuk mengatasi

dengan pelbagai tindakan untuk kebaikan rakyat.

a.) "Pengangguran memberikan kesan ekonomi kepada sesebuah negara."

Bincangkan. (7 markah)

b.) Bagaimanakah kerajaan dapat mengatasi masalah yang terdapat dalam petikan
tersebut? (6 markah)

8
 c.) Maklumat di bawah menunjukkan satu projek kerajaan Malaysia.

Kerajaan Malaysia memperkesakan bidang Pendidikan dan Latihan Teknikal dan

Vokasional Malaysia (TVET) bagi melahirkan graduan berkemahiran tinggi dan
mendapat permintaan dalam industri.
Bagaimanakah usaha kerajaan tersebut membantu pembangunan ekonomi negara?
(7 markah)

7a.)Gambar di bawah menunjukkan perbualan antara seorang wartawan dengan seorang pak
ekonomi berkaitan dengan keadaan ekonomi.

(a) Jelaskan masalah ekonomi yang dinyatakan dalam gambar di atas. (4markah)

(b) Bagaimanakah pelaksanaan dasar fizikal mengembang boleh mengatasi masalah ekonomi
tersebut? (8 markah)

c.)Bagaimanakah alat dasar kewangan menguncup membantu kerajaan mencapai objektif

makroekonomi? (8 markah)

----------------------------------------Soalan Tamat ----------------------------------------------

Disediakan oleh: Cikgu Yeoh Shet Hoon
Disemak oleh : Cikgu Ewe Shu Ni

9
10