Numbers Stem rows Leaf values COL_LAC PAGE NO.

90
0 0 0 1 SUM 3.28
0 0 0 2
0 0 0 3
1 0 1 4 A) Prepare a stem and leaf Plot
1 0 1 5 Sum - Leaf values COL_LAC
1 0 1 6 Stem rows 1 2 3
1 0 1 7 0 0 0 0
1 0 1 8 1 0 0 0
1 0 1 9 2 0 0 0
1 0 1 10 3 1 2 3
1 0 1 11 4 9 9
1 0 1 12
2 0 2 13
2 0 2 14
3 0 3 15
3 0 3 16 B) Prepare a frequency distribution and Histogram
3 0 3 17 bins Frequency
3 0 3 18 0-9 50
3 0 3 19 10-19 26
3 0 3 20 20-29 14
3 0 3 21 30-39 8
4 0 4 22 40-49 2
4 0 4 23
4 0 4 24
5 0 5 25
5 0 5 26
5 0 5 27
6 0 6 28
6 0 6 29 C) Describe the distribution, based on these displays.
7 0 7 30 With the given 100 data of Rosebowls played from 1902 to 2016, w
intervals between bins as 10 with upper limit and lower limit and h
7 0 7 31
7 0 7 32
7 0 7 33
7 0 7 34
7 0 7 35
7 0 7 36
7 0 7 37
7 0 7 38
7 0 7 39
7 0 7 40
8 0 8 41
8 0 8 42
8 0 8 43
8 0 8 44
8 0 8 45
 8 0 8 46
9 0 9 47
9 0 9 48
9 0 9 49
9 0 9 50
10 1 0 1
10 1 0 2
10 1 0 3
10 1 0 4
10 1 0 5
11 1 1 6
11 1 1 7
11 1 1 8
12 1 2 9
13 1 3 10
13 1 3 11
13 1 3 12
13 1 3 13
14 1 4 14
14 1 4 15
14 1 4 16
14 1 4 17
14 1 4 18
14 1 4 19
16 1 6 20
16 1 6 21
17 1 7 22
17 1 7 23
17 1 7 24
18 1 8 25
18 1 8 26
20 2 0 1
20 2 0 2
20 2 0 3
21 2 1 4
21 2 1 5
23 2 3 6
24 2 4 7
25 2 5 8
26 2 6 9
27 2 7 10
28 2 8 11
28 2 8 12
29 2 9 13
29 2 9 14
31 3 1 1
32 3 2 2
33 3 3 3
33 3 3 4
35 3 5 5
36 3 6 6
36 3 6 7
39 3 9 8
49 4 9 1
49 4 9 2
 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 5 5 5 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7
0 0 1 1 1 2 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 6 6 7 7 7 8 8
1 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 8 9 9
3 5 6 6 9

HISTOGRAM
60
50
40
FREQUENCY

30
20
10
0
0-9 10-19 20-29 30-39 40-49
BINS

ese displays.
ayed from 1902 to 2016, we have taken the number of bins as 6 and the
imit and lower limit and have prepared the histogram.
36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9
PAGE NO.90
SUM 3.29

A) Prepare a dot plot

B) Prepare a frequency distribution and histogram

HISTOGRAM
50
bins frequency
45
0-4 45 40
5-9 8 35
10-14 3

FREQUENCY
30
15-19 1 25
20-24 1 20
24-29 2 15
60 10
5
0
0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19
BINS

C) Describe the distribution, based on these displays.

With the given 60 data of the calls initiated during July, we have taken the number of bins as 6 and the interval
an upper limit and lower limit and have prepared the histogram.
 HISTOGRAM

5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 24-29

BINS

er of bins as 6 and the intervals between bins as 5 with

 PAGE NO.90 SUM 3.30
Batting Averages for the 2006 New York Yankees A) Construct a frequency distribution
Let us multiply the averages with 1000
Average *1000 bins Frequency A) Explain how you chose the n
0.343 343 0-49 1 After we multiplied the average
which was helpful in choosing t
0.285 285 50-99 0 have used 9 bins.
0.29 290 100-149 1
0.342 342 150-199 2
0.277 277 200-249 6
0.28 280 250-299 9
0.253 253 300-349 5
0.281 281 350-399 0
0.24 240 400-449 1
0.239 239 25
0.33 330
0.302 302 B) Make a Histogram and describe its appearance.
0.298 298
0.212 212
0.207 207 HISTOGRAM
0.256 256 10
0.228 228 9
0.24 240 8
0.143 143 7
0.167 167 6
Frequency

0.3 300 5
0.417 417 4
3
0.25 250
2
0.167 167
1
0 0 0
0-49 50-99 100-149 150-199 200-249 250-29
Bins

This Histogram is Moderately Skewed left where we

 uency distribution C) Repeat using a different number of bins and different

A) Explain how you chose the number of bins and bin limit? bins Frequency
After we multiplied the averages with 1000 we got a solid data 0-99 1
which was helpful in choosing the bins and its limits where we
have used 9 bins. 100-199 3
200-299 15
300-399 5
400-499 1
25

HISTOGRAM
16
14
m and describe its appearance. 12
10

Frequency
8
HISTOGRAM
6
4
2
0
0-99 100-199 200-299 3
Bins

D) Did your visual impression of the data change when

Yes, The first histogram was Moderately skewed left whe
99 100-149 150-199 200-249 250-299 300-349 350-399 400-449 changing the number of bins and the bin limits changed
histogram. We could see a longer tail to the right here.
Bins

Moderately Skewed left where we can see a longer tail to left

Moderately Right skewed

a lomger tail to the right
ber of bins and different bin limits

HISTOGRAM

99 200-299 300-399 400-499

Bins

f the data change when you changed the bins, Explain.

derately skewed left whereas the second one after
d the bin limits changed into Moderately right side skewed
er tail to the right here.
 PAGE NO.95 SUM 3.45

A) Use Excel to prepare and appropriate type of chart.

Airline Percentage
Alaska 4.5 Percentage of Domesti c Market Share
American 18.40
Delta 16.9
Frontier 2
Hawaiian 1.7
Jet blue 5.4
Sky west 2.4
Southwest 18.3
Spirit 2.7
United 14.5
Others 13.2
Total 100

Alaska American Delta Frontier Hawaiian

Sky west Southwest Spirit United Others

B) Would more than one kind of display be acceptable? Why or Why not?
Representation of date in a single chart is more acceptable. There is no need to present the data in
more than one type of chart.
The data here shows us the domestic market share of the ten largest U.S Airlines and as its a simple
data it can be represented in a pie chart for a better understanding.
ti c Market Share of Airlines

elta Frontier Hawaiian Jet blue

pirit United Others

the data in

its a simple
 PAGE NO.196 SUM 4.73

P(A) People suffering from schizophrenia 0.015

P(B) People not suffering from schizophrenia 0.985

Let D be the event that people have brain atrophy

P(D/A) People having brain atrophy given that they also suffer from schizophrenia 0.3
P(D/B) People having brain atrophy given that they do not suffer from schizophrenia 0.02

A) P(A/D) People suffering from schizophrenia given that they have brain atrophy
P(D/A)*P(A) / [P(D/A)*P(A) + P(D/B)*P(B)]
(0.3)*(0.015)/[(0.3)*(0.015)+(0.02)*(0.985)]
0.1859

B) It hurts the case because P(A/D) is smaller than P(D/A)

C) It can be argued that 0.015 is not a reasonable prior probability

Hence, using 0.10 as the prior probability of schizophrenia, P(A/D)=?

P(A) People suffering from schizophrenia 0.1

P(B) People not suffering from schizophrenia 0.9

Let D be the event that people have brain atrophy

P(D/A) People having brain atrophy given that they also suffer from schizophrenia 0.3
P(D/B) People having brain atrophy given that they do not suffer from schizophrenia 0.02

P(A/D) People suffering from schizophrenia given that they have brain atrophy
P(D/A)*P(A) / [P(D/A)*P(A) + P(D/B)*P(B)]
(0.3)*(0.1)/[(0.3)*(0.1)+(0.02)*(0.9)]
0.625

D) If the prior probability is 0.10 it helps the case

P(A/D) > P(D/A)

E) Hence, using 0.10 as the prior probability of schizophrenia, P(A/D)=?

P(A) People suffering from schizophrenia 0.25

P(B) People not suffering from schizophrenia 0.75

Let D be the event that people have brain atrophy

P(D/A) People having brain atrophy given that they also suffer from schizophrenia 0.3
P(D/B) People having brain atrophy given that they do not suffer from schizophrenia 0.02

P(A/D) People suffering from schizophrenia given that they have brain atrophy
P(D/A)*P(A) / [P(D/A)*P(A) + P(D/B)*P(B)]
(0.3)*(0.25)/[(0.3)*(0.25)+(0.02)*(0.75)]
0.8333

On comparing P(A/D) to P(D/A), we can find that this is a very strong support to the case
t to the case