Tino Di Camaino

Italian sculptor

BY The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica | Last Updated: Jan 1, 2022 | View Edit History

Born: 1280 or 1285 Siena Italy

Died: 1337 Naples Italy

Tino Di Camaino, (born 1280/85, Siena, republic of Siena [Italy]—died 1337, Naples), Sienese sculptor
significant for his numerous sepulchral monuments.

Tino was a follower, and possibly a pupil, of Giovanni Pisano. In 1315 he became capomaestro of the
Cathedral of Pisa and was commissioned to make a tomb for the Holy Roman emperor Henry VII. He
succeeded his father as the capomaestro of the Siena cathedral in 1320 and designed the tomb of
Cardinal Petroni (1318), which has components of Gothic architectural structure.

Color pastels, colored chalk, colorful chalk. Hompepage blog 2009, arts and entertainment, history and
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Tino executed tombs in Pisa, Florence, Naples, and Siena, though he remained in Naples after 1323. His
tomb of Gastone della Torre and that of Antonio degli Orso, bishop of Florence, are two major works
completed in Florence between 1321 and 1323. The figures on Tino’s decorative, multilayered wall
tombs are characterized by a rounding of forms and simplified anatomical detail. He expanded upon the
ideas of Arnolfo di Cambio and Pisano.

step cut

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step cut

gem cutting

Alternate titles: cushion cut, trap cut

BY The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica | View Edit History

Related Topics: gem cutting

step cut, also called Trap Cut, orCushion Cut, method of faceting coloured gemstones in which the stone
produced is rather flat with steps, or rows, of four-sided facets parallel to the girdle (the stone’s widest
part). Because the facets are parallel to the girdle, they are usually long and narrow, except at the
corners of the stone. The angles that the main facets make with the plane of the girdle greatly affect the
brilliance of the stone. Emerald, tourmaline, topaz, and amethyst are often cut in this fashion.

Gustave Courbet

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Leader of the new school of Realism

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Gustave Courbet

French painter

BY Robert J. Fernier | Last Updated: Dec 27, 2021 | View Edit History

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Gustave Courbet: The Artist's Studio

Gustave Courbet: The Artist's Studio

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Born: June 10, 1819 France

Died: December 31, 1877 (aged 58) Switzerland

Gustave Courbet, (born June 10, 1819, Ornans, France—died December 31, 1877, La Tour-de-Peilz,
Switzerland), French painter and leader of the Realist movement. Courbet rebelled against the Romantic
painting of his day, turning to everyday events for his subject matter. His huge shadowed canvases with
their solid groups of figures, such as The Artist’s Studio (1854–55), drew sharp criticism from the
establishment. From the 1860s a more sensuous and colourful manner prevailed in his work.

Early life and work

Courbet was born in eastern France, the son of Eléonor-Régis, a prosperous farmer, and Sylvie Courbet.
After attending both the Collège Royal and the college of fine arts at Besançon, he went to Paris in 1841,
ostensibly to study law. He devoted himself more seriously, however, to studying the paintings of the
masters in the Louvre. Father and son had great mutual respect, and, when Courbet told his father he
intended to become a painter rather than a provincial lawyer, his father consented, saying, “If anyone
gives up, it will be you, not me,” adding that, if necessary, he would sell his land and vineyards and even
his houses to help his son.

Tate Modern extension Switch House, London, England. (Tavatnik, museums). Photo dated 2017.

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Freed from all financial worry, young Courbet was able to