FIELD TRRIP REPORT

BY

MUHAMMAD ABUBAKAR
PSC/2019/12511

SUBMITTED TO

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND

ARTIFICIAL INTELIGENCE

FACULTY OF PHYSICAL SCIENCES

FEDERAL UNIVERSITY

DUTSIN-MA, NIGERIA.

NOVEMBER, 2021

DECLARATION PAGE
I, Muhammad Abubakar declare that this Field trip report was written by me and is a record of my own

participation and experience during the Field trip training .  

_________________ ____________________
Muhammad Abubakar Date
PSC/2019/7582
CERTIFICATION PAGE
This Field trip report by Muhammad Abubakar with Matriculation Number PSC/2019/12511 meets the

regulation governing the award of the Degree of Bachelor of Science of the Federal University, Dutsin-

Ma and is for his/her contribution to scientific knowledge and literary presentation.

Mr Richard Tyokyaa
Field Trip Supervisor      Signature and Date
Mrs Rosemary M. Dima
Field Trip Coordinator       Signature and Date
 Dr Mrs. G. N. Obunadike
 Head of Department      Signature and Date
DEDICATION PAGE
This Report is dedicated to ALMIGHTY GOD, who through His love granted me journey mercy

throughout the trip.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page ii
Certification iii
Dedication iv
Acknowledgment v
Table of Contents vii
And so on
CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION
1.1   Background to the Study 1
 1.1.1  Mission and vision 4
and so on
CHAPTER TWO ORGANIZATION VISITED
2.1 Introduction 9
2.2 Name of Organizations 11
REFERENCES 24
APPENDICES 25
ABSTRACT

The field trip that took place in KATSINA STATE on 3th and 4th of NOVEMBER 2021

The field trip is comprises of an airport; UMAR MUSA YAADUA INTERNATIONAL

AIRPORT, KATSINA STATE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, and KATSINA STATE
TELEVISION STATION in KATSINA State. The visitation of these stations and institute
enhanced our knowledge and skills of what we have learned in classrooms, which have been
thought to us by our lecturers before the visitation of the stations, we learned how messages are
transmitted

CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION.

1.1 DEFINITION OF FIELD TRIP

Field trip may be defined as a journey carried out by student and their lecturers to a particular

place, purposely to learn or study or to have some experience. The common places to visit during

the field trip include museums or stations/industries or institutes as well as refineries. In

particular stations/industries are among the relevant places that student from physical science

visit during the field trip. In these visitation (I.e. field trip) the application of most theories, fact

etc. being thought in class at schools are found there in the industry visited physically.

The field trip provides a chance, ascertaining chemicals process taking place in the industries

which in turn has effective leaning processes.

Computer science has various appreciations in industries which are seen and experienced by

student through the field trip. This visitation made students to interact with what they are

learning in their classes at school. The experience goes beyond reading about concepts, students

are able to see it physically, manipulate it or even see it physically, student are able to see

elements with their own eyes rather than reading about it, and believing what they are thought

because it is in print.

1.2.0 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF FIELD TRIP

Field trip has many objectives/Aims that cannot be listed all, but only few such as

To provide real life situation for firsthand information.

To stimulates and motivate learners (I.e. to be more interactive and creative.)

To supplement classroom instruction physically.

1.3.0 LIST OF THE VISITED STATIONS AND INSTITUTE

UMAR MUSA YAADUA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

KATSINA STATE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT (KSITM)

KATSINA STATE TELEVISION (KTTV)

CHAPTER TWO
2.1.0 BACKGROUND OF UMAR MUSA YAADUA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

Umar Musa Yaraadua international airport was established in the year 1992, it was first called

katsina state airport. It was later renamed after the death of ex-president umar musa yaraadua.

Two people pilot the aircraft, the pilot and the co-pilot. The Cock pit is where the pilot and the

co-pilot stay to pilot the aircraft. the fuel consumed by an airplane is called JET A1

The airport is divided into three different parts which are;

Land site: contains where you the traveler lands, leaving or entering the airport. It consists of

some offices, screening section e.t.c

Terminal building: consist of the departure & arrival hall, check-in counter where you buy your

tickets and undergo through some checks, VIP hall where you pay some extra money for less

disturbances. It also comes with some entertainment

Air site: this is where the airplanes are. Here you board your flight to your destination

AGENCIES THAT RUN THE ACTIVITIES WITHIN THE AIRPORT

Federal Airport Authority Of Nigeria (FAAN):

Nigerian Airspace Management Agencies (NAMA): they own the tower which is responsible

for delivering messages to all inbound and outbound airplane within their airspace. The tower

has a total of 107 steps. Messages are transmitted from pilot and agencies through code words.

Nigerian Metrological Agencies (NiMet): they have their metrological station where they

observe weather information hourly. They record sunshine, windspeed, rain gauge e.t.c. all

records they made are passed to the tower hourly.

Nigerian Civil Aviation Authority (NCAA):

When you arrive at the airport;

The Nigerian aviation security (NAS) work alongside Nigerian air force (NAF)

The first thing you undergo is no-bag-routine screening. Where you walk through metal detector

which fires an alarm if it detects any metal substance, then place in your bag or stuff in an

automated x-ray machine that scans through it and display to security personal at duty.

Then you go through a background check, an id card. The only people who are not allowed to be

screened are the president and vice president of the Federal Republic of Nigeria

The airport has a restricted and an enhance restricted area;

You can’t access a restricted area without being screened or given a requirement

In an enhance restricted area, not everyone even among the workers are permitted in

Examples of this that are not allowed to be travelled with;

Perfumes, water or any liquids which are more than 100ml: reason because there is a high

pressure in the air and so any liquid could explode easily

MacBook 2017, 2018 & 2019 due to their battery issues which could also explode under high

pressure. But current MacBook 2020 & 2021 have been rectified  

Another screening phase before you move to the waiting hall:

Here you will go through hands-down physical screening, and all objects which include watch,

ring phones, glasses, laptops and so on will be placed in a can that will move through an x-ray

machine for confirmation.

Refusal to submit will result to prohibition to board the aircraft. And some times a powder

detector helps to detect powders like cocaine, powder explosives e.t.c

Then you move to the waiting lodge:

Here you wait until your flight number is called. There is also a VIP lodge, where you pay a

certain amount of money to be entertained more  

Air site:

Run way: it is used for landing and take off of airplane. It is 4km long and 60m wide.

it has numbers on the road which are identified by pilots when about to land

Top-down Road mapping (TPM): are the lines on the road

Aiming point: where plane land

Taxi-ways: diverts planes that landed on the wrong road-way

Run-way light or flood light: are used to guide pilot for safe landing at night

Thermal or F-Front: where aircrafts are packed, fueled, maintenance, uploading of passengers

and goods
Hanger: is where aircrafts are being maintained

Control Tower:

It is the tallest building in the airport, one of the reasons is because of overall distant view.

In the tower there is a huge open space called the apron, which have a view of the run-way,

thermal & flood light

Some instruments in the control tower:

Radio: for communication with other agencies in or below the tower

String: three colors that denotes any aircraft that is operating within the airspace

Blue: is called departure string of any aircraft using the airspace

Yellow: is called arrival string of any aircraft using the airspace

Pink: is called local string. It is used for trainee e.g a plain that will take off and would come

back to land at that same airport without landing anywhere else.

Weather report:

Universal Clock: the universal clock’s time dose not correspond with the normal time. It is the

same in every control tower around the world, one reason is because to give accurate flight

movement to avoid plain collusion

Purpose of the control tower

Prevent aircraft collusion

Every airplane that is about to pass their airspace must contact them  

They send two fighter jets to guide down a plain with landing issues
Refusal for a possible issue of a hijack airplane to land, will be destroyed with jet missiles  

CHAPTER THREE
3.1.0 KATSINA STATE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT

(KSITM)

The institution is situated in Katsina State. They offer courses like CISCO Networking, Internet

Of Thing (IOT) and other networking and programming related crash courses.

INTERNET OF THINGS(IOT):

What IOT dose is that it collects small- or large-scale data depending on request and serve it

from a database through the internet to the requester. Internet of things is basically the collection

of data served through the internet to the user.

COMPONENTS OF IOT:

A complete IoT system integrates four distinct components:

Sensors/devices:

First, sensors are devices collect data from their environment. This could be as simple as a
temperature reading or as complex as a full video feed. E.g., a thermometer takes the temperature
as converts it into electrical signal for the system

Your phone is a device that has multiple sensors (camera, accelerometer, GPS, etc)

Actuators are devices that takes the input from the system and gives output to the environment.
E.g., motors and heaters are some of the commonly used actuators.

Connectivity:

Next, that data is sent to the cloud (what’s the cloud?), but it needs a way to get there!
The sensors can be connected to the cloud through a variety of methods including: cellular,
satellite, WiFi, Bluetooth, low-power wide-area networks (LPWAN), or connecting directly to
the internet.

And an (IoT) gateway is a physical device or software program that serves as the connection
point between the cloud and controllers, sensors and intelligent devices.

Data processing:

Once the data gets to the cloud, software performs some kind of processing on it.

This could be very simple, such as checking that the temperature reading is within an acceptable
range. Or it could also be very complex, such as using computer vision on video to identify
objects (such as intruders in your house).

But what happens when the temperature is too high or if there is an intruder in your house?
That’s where the user comes in.

User interface:

Next, the information is made useful to the end-user in some way. This could be via an alert to
the user (email, text, notification, etc). For example, a text alert when the temperature is too high
in the company’s cold storage.

Also, a user might have an interface that allows them to proactively check in on the system. For
example, a user might want to check the video feeds in their house via a phone app or a web
browser.

RASPBERRY PI:

Raspberry Pi a low cost, credit-card sized computer that plugs into a computer monitor or TV,

and uses a standard keyboard and mouse.

It is a capable little device that enables people of all ages to explore computing, and to learn how

to program in languages like Scratch and Python.

It has GPIO pins that enabled it to be used for IoT work and/or even integrated with

microcontrollers for other usage

UBUNO BOARD:

Ubuno board is a wholly made-in-Nigeria IoT board with sea of possibilities.

It is a development board designed to drive the expansion and application of IoT

The platform offers an Arduino compatible microcontroller

It has GPIO pins capable of reading inputs

light on a sensor, a finger on a button, or a Twitter message

And turn it into an output

activating a motor, turning on an LED, publishing something online

CHAPTER FOUR
3.1.0 KATSINA STATE TELEVISION (KTTV)

The Katsina state television was established by a military personal MAJOR LAURENCE

ONOJA in 1988. It was established for the main purpose of enlighten and educate the people of

katsina state.

The KTTV has six departments namely:

Administration

Program

Engineering
Commercial

Accounting

News

OPERATIONAL AREA:

Some of the items found in this area are:

Bijin / video mixer: this controls the visual images on the screen

VCR: the video tape recorder is a high definition machine that has about 5 terabyte of memory

space that stores clips.

Sound mixer: this controls the sound that plays on the visual background

Graphics computer: one of the use is that it prints out a caption of news down below on the

visual screen

SERVER ROOM:

they use a software that collects the news or program and transmits it to as news. They uses

severs to run their work

EDITING ROOM:

Here in this room, only programs are edited. Programs like advertisement, short videos and

more, but news are not edited in here

Some tools used in the editing room are; Ashampoo, power director, adobe premium pro.

STUDIO:
This is the news room or where any other live program is carried out. They sometimes use a

green background to change the background of the place this process is called chromakey.

Some items there include:

Microphones

Monitor

Cameras

Cooling system (AC’s)

TRANSMITOR:

They are used to transmit signals from the server room to other televisions in katsina state

They are of two types: analog or solid state, but KTTV uses both analog and solid state as one

machine

NEWS ROOM / CURRENT AFFAIRS DEPARTMENT:

Here the journalist uses diary to store invitations sent to the station so they can attend to every

important event they were invited to and air it on news. Without the diaries, or in areas where

they can’t reach, they attach a representative and a camera man to for example four local

government.

The state governor and his deputy have one representative and a camera man each from KTTV to

keep records of happening in there   

CHAPTER FOUR
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
4.0 CONCLUSION

This journey (field trip) been carried out by me, my colleagues and my lecturers has exposed me

to the process of converting what I learned in classroom to the physical knowledge, and this field

trip also gave me the opportunity to have a feel and hope of what it would be after graduation

when I started serving for any organization. It also emphasizes and encourages me not to be only

a civil servant but also self-reliance with the knowledge and experience I have

4.1 RECOMMENDATION

There should be a careful supervision by the school management apart from the departmental

supervision to avoid the loss of valuable knowledge obtain by the students during field trip.

The school management should provide adequate security and health treatment facilities to

ensure and maintain a good health of the students during field trip.

4. 2 REFERENCES

Olanrewaju, O. M. (2014), Parental influence on women’s Computer Education, Journal of Women in

Culture and Society, 32(3): 429 – 436.
Yusuf, A. B., Lawal, H., Balogun, F., Yusuf, O. A. and Bello, A. U. (2000), New trends in algorithms,
Journal of Mathematical Society of Nigeria, 10(11): 93 – 101.
Oduwale, A. O. (2015) Introduction to Real Analysis for undergraduates, Benin-City: Ardik Press
Limited.
Fatokun, J. O., Oduwale, A. O., O, M. Olanrewaju, Lawal, H., Balogun, F., Yusuf, O. and Bello, A. U.
(2001). Introduction to Abstract Algebra, 2nd Edition. Lagos: Wileys Publishing Company.
Bello, A. U. (2012) The Place and problems of Mathematics in Physics, Proceedings of the Mathematical
Association of Nigeria Conference, 32 – 39.
Balogun, F, (2010) The Sequence of Logic in Computer Hardware, Federal University, Dutsin-Ma, PhD
Thesis.
Federal Republic of Nigeria (2013) National Policy on Education (Revised).  Abuja: Federal Government
Printers.
Dima, R.M., Obunadike, G.N. (2017). SEQURESQL – A Framework for Query Optimization and Privacy
on Outsourced Data. FUDMA Journal of Sciences (FJS). Vol. 1 No. 1, November, 2017, pp 49-57.
Fatokun, J. O., Oduwale, A. O., O, M. Olanrewaju, Lawal, H., Balogun, F., Yusuf, O. and Bello, A. U.
(2001). Introduction to Abstract Algebra, 2nd Edition. Lagos: Wileys Publishing Company.
Federal Republic of Nigeria (2013) National Policy on Education (Revised).  Abuja: Federal Government
Printers.
Oduwale, A. O. (2015) Introduction to Real Analysis for undergraduates, Benin-City: Ardik Press
Limited.
Olanrewaju, O. M. (2014), Parental influence on women’s Computer Education, Journal of Women in
Culture and Society, 32(3): 429 – 436.
Yusuf, A. B., Lawal, H., Balogun, F., Yusuf, O. A. and Bello, A. U. (2000), New trends in algorithms,
Journal of Mathematical Society of Nigeria, 10(11): 93 – 101