Model answer final revision ch(1) 8- C decrease due to R dec when key

is closed and current inc

1- Choose the correct answer
↓V=VB-↑Ir
1- C W
S= V =Q 9- B V 30
IT=R=54.4=0.5
S=tan45=1 VB
0.5=
Q 1 62.4
Q=1 I= t =1=1
VB=32
2- D R1:R2:R3=V1:V2:V3
32
IT= =1.9
R1:R2:R3=2:2:2 18

R1:R2:R3=1:1:1 V at closed key

3- D at closed key V=1.9x10=19V

lamp C  ¼ VB 10- C V=IR

E  ½ VB 20=Ix10

A  ¼ VB I=2A
VB
D  ¼ VB I=R
T +r

B  ¼ VB B V
2=6+4+8+4+2
so the voltage in open the key
VB=48V
and closed the key so not
11- B due to ST1<ST2
change W
Slope= I =R
n.e
4- A IAB= =1019x1.6x10-19
t 12- D by using point method
IAB=1.6A
by using KCL
2+6+1.6=I ❷ ❸
I=9.6A
5- C ItRt=I1R1
2
5
Ix1=I1x2 (8//8+4)//16//16
I
I1=5 RT=4Ω
13- D remain constant due to r=0
6- A greater due to I passing in C
C reading of voltmeter equal VB
)voltage at B is VB wile at C
VB/3 )
14- D P=I2R

equal due to same current ( 3P↑  3R↑

each has VB/3) voltage I constant
7- A V 12
RT= I T = 3 =4Ω
T 15- E P=VI
RT=6//3+1+RV=4 P 60
I= = =0.5
V 120
RV=1Ω
Q=It
 Q=0.5x12x60x60 when closed with point (2)
Q=21600 R//3R
16- A P=IV=7x10-3x80x103=560 RT= 3// 9 = 9/4
26- B 𝑉 200
17- E Q=It=0.3x2x60 𝐼1 = 𝑅𝐵 = 5+10+25 = 5𝐴
𝑃. 𝑑(𝑑𝑏) = 𝑃. 𝑑(𝑑) − 𝑃. 𝑑(𝑏) =
Q=36 −5 × 10 = −50 𝑉
E=QxV=36x6=216 J 27- C V=IR
18- B lamp (2) 46
I20=20=2.3
due to no current passing
19- C ]((3//3)+(6//6//3)+2)//5[+2 I7=8
+5 IR=8-2.3=5.7
RT=19.5Ω by using KCL
20- C 5.7+2.3=I+3
I=5A
28- B VC=VA+VB
RA=RB=R
21- A V= VB-IR Req increase, PC=PA
It decrease 1
V2 ( V)2
22- D before = 2
36 R
RT=4//4=2Ω RA=RB=9Ω
after PC=PD
by using point method I2RD=I2x36

❶ (1/3 I)2 RD=I2x36

RD=4Ω
❶ 29- B V 20
It = = = 4A,
R 5
❶
R 30 = R10 ,
I10 = 3I30 ,
❶ I10 = 3A
30- 2.5 , 88 P 110
Ilamp = = = 0.5 A
4,4 are canceled V 220

RT=0 It = 5 x 0.5 = 2.5 A (home 

23- B Connection parallel)
24- D 1
RαL Rα I V2 2202
R lamp = =
RαL
1 P 110
= 440, R eq
I L 1 R 440
= = = =
I3 6L 6 5 5
25- C when closed with point (1) = 88
RT=R
31- C Connection parallel r =0,
3=R
V = VB
R=3 32- B 1.2
33- C I1R1=I2R2 , 6x2= 1R R=12 50- C Pd 80−50
I10 = R
= 10 = 3A, I50 =
34- B Rx4
R eq = 3 + = 5.4  100−50
R+4
50
= 1A,
4R
4+R
= 2.4
I5 = 3 + 1 = 4A → Pd (5)
9.6 + 2.4 R = 4 R  1.6 R = 9.6 =4x5
R=6 = 20 volt,
then x = 50 − 20 = 30 volt
35- 2.4 A 𝑉𝐵
Rt = = 12/2 = 6 Ω R= 2 Ω
𝐼
𝑉𝐵 12
It = 𝑅𝑡 = 3.3 = 3.6A I2 = 2.4A 51- B I12 = 0.5 A → I4 = 1.5 
36- Increase P= IV at const. V It = 2A , Vpar = 12 x 0.5 =
2 times 6 volt, VAC = v3x + 6 = 12 →
37- Increase P=I2R v3x = 6 volt → vx = 2 volt
4 times
38- 1/2 R 2 𝐿2 .𝑑12 2𝐿1 .14𝑑12 Vx 2
= Ix = It = 2A → R x = =
2 = 2 = 1/2 Ix 2
R1 𝐿1 .𝑑2 𝐿1 .𝑑2
= 1
39- Increase
4 times
40- Decrease 52- A 2
to quarter 53- B 𝑃3 12
41- Increase 𝐼32 = = = 4 𝐴2 → 𝐼3
𝑅3 3
9 times = 2𝐴,
42- Less than
𝑉3 = 2 𝑥 3
1
R = 6 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑡
43- C
R eq ( Parallel) = =2→R = 𝑉𝑃𝑎𝑟 ,
2
= 4 1 2
𝐼6 = 𝐼3 = = 1𝐴 → 𝐼𝑡
R eq (ser) = R1 + R 2 = 4 + 4 2 2
= 3𝐴, 𝑉𝐵
= 8
= 𝑉𝑖𝑛 + 𝑉3𝑅
+ 𝑉𝑃 → 27
44- B Rbranch 1= Rbranch 2 so current = 1 𝑥 3 + 3 𝑥 3𝑅
divided equal +6
45- B, C 𝑉2
Req ser= 2R P= 2𝑅
, 18 = 9𝑅, 𝑅 = 2
2𝑉 2
Req par= R/2 P=
𝑅
2
46- C v 54- C 4
P1 = Pser = → P2 = Ppar
3R 55- B 𝑉𝐵 10
V2 𝑅𝑒𝑞 = = = 5
= 𝐼 2
R/3 =2
3V 2 P2 𝑅. 6
= , + , 3
R P1 𝑅+6
2 6𝑅
3v = → 6𝑅
3 6+𝑅
= R2 = = 18 + 3𝑅 → 3𝑅
v 1/3
3R = 18 → 𝑅 = 6
=9 56- A 9/7
47- B Increase 2 times 57- C Not change
48- C unchanged 58- A 2
49- A Ammeter
59- D 24 80- D 1
I4 = = 6𝐴 → 6 + 2 + 𝐼 Vxy = Vyz → I5
4 4
= 5, 8+𝐼 1
= IR par , 20 = R par
= 5 → 𝐼 = −3𝐴 4
60- B 𝑃𝑃𝑎𝑟 = 50𝐾 → 𝑅𝑠𝑒𝑟 = R
= , R = 20 x 2 = 40
100𝐾, 𝑉𝑠𝑒𝑟 = 2𝑉𝑃𝑎𝑟 → 2
𝑉𝑃𝑎𝑟 = 2 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑡 81- B 4
R eq = + 4 = 6 , It = 1 x 2
61- C C 2
62- B First at side (x) bulb A light ( B = 2A, VB
off because (xy) consider Jumper = IR eq + Ir
Wire ) after slider move from x to → 14
y “connection parallel slider and = 2 x 6 + 2r
B” 14 − 12 = 2r → 2 = 2r → r
= 1
𝑉𝐵 =  𝑉𝐴 + 𝑉𝑃 → 𝑉𝑃 
Bulb b light and bulb A increase
82- A Rwire = 48 , Rbranch = 48/2 = 24
light , Req= 24/2 = 12
83- B Rv inc. Req inc. It dec.,
63- C 2 V2= VB-Ir current dec. V2 inc.
64- D Remain constant V1=IR I dec V1 dec.
84- A 𝑉2 1
65- C same P= 𝑅
Pα 𝑅 P(R) = 4P(4R)
66- A VB/R
67- B 6 85- D 60x30
R eq1 = + 80
68- ii Vbranch = Ib R eachbranch 60 + 30
15x30 = 100 , R eq2
= VParallel , 3 x + 10 100x400
15 + 30 = = 80
= VPar → VPar = 60 volt , 60 100 + 400
= V3R → UR = 20 volt,
U2R = 40 volt R eq = 100 + 80 = 180, It
69- A 20 V
= IR1 =
70- C V=VB, r =0 R eq
71- C Connection parallel r =0 , ‫رجالة‬ 36
72- B 2:1 = = 0.2A
180
73- C using pointing method:
V π 86- B After closing key ammeter read
I=R=5 current branch so decrease
74- C 0.8 Req dec total current increase
75- B 1 voltmeter increase
76- A2 > A1 → A2 Total current, 87- C 20
A1 branch , after X burn R ea  It  88- A) 21 a) 24-2x15-27+6I2 = 0
b) 2.5A I2 = 1A
V = Iz  V1 > V2 𝑉𝑥𝑦 = 27 – 6 I2 = 27-6= 21 V
b) at node (x)
1.5 + 1= I3 = 2.5 A
77- A Inc , bec R // dec  V // dec 
V series inc
89- B Vcb = 3 V
78- C Key closed Req dec current inc 𝑉𝑅 = 3 V
V= Ibranch R2 V dec. 2
79- B 6x12 VR = 6 V
R eq(6,12) = 6+12 = 4, I4 = 6
𝑉𝑅 = 3 = 2 V
2A, 4//4 so total current 3
It = 4A Vad = VR + 𝑉𝑅 + 𝑉𝑅 = 6+3+2=11 V
2 3
90- Graph B Req ser >Req par slope = Req so 𝑉𝑦𝑧 = 𝑉𝑦 − 𝑉𝑧 = −(1 × 2.5 −
slope X> slope Y 2) = 0.5 𝑉
91- C 𝑉 𝑉 6 𝑉2 𝑉 𝐿 1𝐿
I1 = I2 → 𝑅1 = 𝑅2 → 𝑅+50 = 𝑅2 113- B 𝑅𝑎 = 2𝐴 = 2 𝐴
1 2
→ 6R = 50 + R → 5R = 50 𝑅𝑏 = 𝐴
𝐿
→ R = 10 Ω 2𝐿
92- Circuit 1 𝑅𝑐 = 𝐴
2𝐿 𝐿
93- a 𝑅𝑑 = 2𝐴 =𝐴
94- b 0.5 𝑅𝑐 > 𝑅𝑏 = 𝑅𝑑 > 𝑅𝑎
95- b 1A 𝐼𝑎 > 𝐼𝑏 = 𝐼𝑑 > 𝐼𝑐
96- D 3 114- D
97- B 𝑉 12
𝑅𝑒𝑞 = = = 2.4 𝛺 115- D 16 V
𝐼 5
𝑅𝑒𝑞 =
6𝑅
= 2.4 116- D p 1 , slope =1 = tan 45
e=
6+𝑅 𝜎
14.4 + 2.4𝑅 = 6𝑅 117- C 15V
3.6 𝑅 = 14.4 → 𝑅 = 4 𝛺 118- C −30 + 6 − 6𝐼1 = 0
98- C 5.5 24 = 6𝐼1 → 𝐼1 = 4𝐴
99- A 𝐼2 + 3 = 𝐼1 → 𝐼2 = 4 − 3 = 1𝐴
119- C 2A

Important Questions
1) They have the same resistivity because
V=2I=4 , I =2A they are made from the same material.
𝐼 𝑅2 2𝑋4
I1= 𝑡 = = 0.8 A ------------------------------------------------------------
𝑅1+𝑅2 6+4
2) a) Wire 3, because slope = ρL , they have
100- B 1
the same length, slope α ρ, slope α 𝜎 so the
101- C 8
102- D 3/1 lowest slope is has the highest conductivity.
103- B 𝑉𝐵 = 𝑉𝑝 + 𝑉𝑠 = 6 + 6 = 12 V b) Wire 1, because at same area wire 1 has the
104- B 6V highest resistance. At series connection V=IR, I
105- A Rv inc. Req inc. It dec., is constant so VαR, which mean highest
V1= VB-V2 V2t dec. V1 inc. resistance means highest potential.
V2=IR2 I dec V2 dec. 𝜌𝐿
106- 6 𝑅 = 𝑉 2 = 152 = 1.5 𝛺 3) a) Slope = , slope α ρ, wire A has
𝐴
𝑒𝑞 𝑃 150
2𝑅 higher resistivity
2+𝑅
= 1.5 𝑉
3 + 1.5𝑅 = 2𝑅
b) Wire B, because at parallel connection I= 𝑅 ,
0.5𝑅 = 3 → 𝑅 = 6𝛺 1
V is constant so I α , wire B has lower
107- C At point F 𝑅
𝐼1 + 𝐼2 = 𝐼3 resistance so it has higher current.
3 + 𝐼2 = 4.5 → 𝐼2 = 1.5 𝐴
24 − 2 × 3 + 6 × 1.5 − 𝑉𝐵2 = 0 --------------------------------------------------------
𝑉𝐵2 = 27 𝑉
108- B 4) *Constant, because potential difference is
109- B 6 the same in both branches and equal to emf of
𝐼6𝛺 = = 1 𝐴6
6//3 , 𝐼3𝛺 = 2𝐴 the battery.
110- D Connection parallel r =0 * Decrease, because VB = Vin + Vparallel , Rparallel
111- B 𝑠𝑙𝑜𝑝𝑒 = 𝑟 = tan 𝜃 decreases so Vparallel decreases so brightness
𝑟𝑥 tan 30 1
𝑟
= tan 60 = 3 decreases.
𝑦
112- D 𝑉𝑥𝑦 = 𝑉𝑥 − 𝑉𝑦 = 1 × 1.5 = 1.5 𝑉 5) at loop L1  - 4 + Vz = 0  Vz = 4V
at loop L2  - 2 + Vx + 4V = 0  Vx = -2V 12 = I (8) + 3 + I (1)  12 = 3 + I (9) 
𝑉
𝐼 = 1A R = = 3Ω ,
y = V.I = 4 watt , Px = V.I = 4 watt 𝐼
12
When key closed I = 1+3 = 3A
(-ve sign mean only + , - sign must reversed)
-----------------------------------------------
Pz = V.I = 12 watt 6) 5x0.25 – 10 + 3x0.25 – 8 I2 +14 = 0
8 I2 = 6 → I2 = 0.75A , I3 = 1A
---------------------------------------------------------- 1xR – 14 + 8x0.75 = 0 → R= 8 Ω
Vab= -8 x 0.75 +14 = 8 volt
6) P1: decreases, P3: increases P8Ω = I2R = (0.75)2 x 8 = 4.5 watt
-------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------
7) Dec resistance, Inc emf of source 7) VAB = 5V ,
-------------------------------------------------------- 0.8 = I + I3  Eq(1)
8) A & B increase , C turn off At 1  VB2 +0.8x10 +5 = 0
 VB2 = 13V
At 2  -5I3 -3.5 +5 = 0 
--------------------------------------------------- 1.5 = 5I3  I3 = 0.3A  0.8=I+0.3, I=0.5A
PROBLEMS 𝑉 5
R = 𝐼 = 0.5 = 10Ω
1) RT = 10 // 10 = 5 --------------------------------------------------------
12
Ω  I = 5+1 = ∆𝐼
8) V = I R – 15 + ( L ∆𝑡 ) =
2A , 1000
4 5 – 15 + (5x10-3 x ) = -5V
I in 12Ω = 3 A 1
-----------------------------------------------------------------
V = 2 x 8 = 16 V  9) 1) I = I1+I2 → I2 = I - I1 =2.4 - 0.4 = 2 A
16 4
I = 12 = 3 A 8𝑥24
V1=V2 → -6 + 3 x 2 + VB = 0.4 x 9 + 0.4 x 8+24
------------------------------------------------- VB = 3.6 + 2.4 = 6 volts
2) Reading of voltammeter = VB 8𝑥24 15𝑥3
2) Req1 = 9 + = 15 Ω Then Req = = 2.5 Ω
8+24 15+3
In this case = 12V 0.4𝑥24
3) I = = 0.3 A
V = VB – Ir , when key closed , 9 = 12 – Ir 8+24

∵ V2 = I R  7.5 = 𝐼 5  I = 1.5 A --------------------------------------------------------

∴ 9 = 12 – (1.5r)  r = 2 Ω
𝐵𝑉 12
∵ I = 𝑅 +𝑟  1.5 = 𝑅 +2 =  Rt = 6Ω  10) Key open  VB = I Req = 2 x 4 = 8V
𝑡 𝑡
Runk = 1Ω Key closed  I1 = I2 + I3  I1 – I2 – I3 = 0
--------------------------------------------------- -8 + 2I1 + 2I2 = 0  I1 + I2 = 4
3) VB =12v I=2A R=6 -8 + 2I1 - 5 + 3I3 = 0  2I1 + 3I3 = 13
------------------------------------------------ I1 = 3.125 A , I2 = 0.875 A , I3 = 2.25 A
12 -----------------------------------------------------------
4) 1) K2 closed: V=IR, I = 12+2 = 0.857 A
& V = 0.857x12 = 10.29 volt 11) I = 2 – 0.5 = 1.5 A
2) K1, K2 closed: 8//12 = 4.8 Ω , I =
12
= Va – Potential path = Vb  Vab = -2 x 4 – 2 x
4.8+2
1 + 12 = 2V
1.765 A and V= 1.765x4.8 = 8.47 V
3) K1, K2, K3 opened: V=VB=12 volt 1.5 x 3 + 1 x 1.5 – VB -12 + 2 x 5 = 0  VB =
4) K1, K2, K3 closed: V=0 4V
----------------------------------------------- -12 + 2 x 5 + 0.5R = 0  R = 4Ω
5) VB = I R + V + I r  ----------------------------------------------------------
12) 1) At loop bacb --------------------------------------------------------------
-10.5 + (1+5) x1 - (4+1) x I2 + 7 = 0 17) V1 = I1R1 = 0.5x16 = 8 volt
5I2 = 6 + 7 -10.5 Reading of voltmeter = 12 – 8 = 4 volt
3I2 = 2.5 → I2 = 0.5 A 𝑉 4
Since I3 = I1 + I2 then 2) IT = 𝑅3 = 4 =1 A
3
I3 = 1 + 0.5 = 1.5 A I2 = IT - I1= 1 - 0.5 = 0.5 A
2) VA - potential path = 𝑉 8
VEarth R2 = 𝐼2 = 0.5 =16 Ω
2
VA - P.d. = 0 -------------------------------------------------------
VA = P.d = 2I3 = 2x1.5 = 3 volt 18) Summation of emf about closed path =
-------------------------------------------------- summation of p.d.
13) at loop L1  - 4 + Vz = 0  Vz = 4V
at loop abcda -80 + 4 I3 + 16 x 2 = 0
at loop L2  - 2 + Vx + 4V = 0  Vx = -2V
I3 = 12 A
Py = V.I = 4 watt , Px = V.I = 4 watt
I1= I2 + I3 ∴I2 = 16 – 12 = 4 A
(-ve sign mean only + , - sign must reversed)
-------------------------------------------------------------
Pz = V.I = 12 watt 𝑉2
---------------------------------------------------------- 19) P=𝑅  Req + r = 1.5
𝑒𝑞 +𝑟
14) I1 + I2 = I3  Req = 1 Ω ,R=2Ω
-20 + 20 I2 + 40 I3 = 0  Eq(1) ----------------------------------------------------------------
20 = 20 I2 + 40 I3  Eq(2) 20) KCL: At node K: 3+2 = 5 A
Sub 1 in 2  20 = 40 I1 + 60 I2 (x5)  At node M: I1 + 5 = I2 → eq(1)
-10 + 10 I1 + 40 I3 = 0 At node N: I = 3 + I1 → eq(2)
10 = 10 I1 + 40 I3  Eq(3) Sub 1 in 3  10 KVL: MNK loop: 10 x 3 + 4 x 5 – 5 x I1 = 0
= 50 I1 + 40 I2 (x4) 5I1 = 50 → I1 =10 A
100 = 200 I1 + 300 I2 Substituting in eq(1) then I2 =10+5 =15 A
40 = 200 I1 + 160 I2 Substituting in eq(2) then I =10+3 =13 A
3 −1 ---------------------------------------------------------
60 = 140 I2  I2 = 7 A  I1 = A (Charged 𝑉 13
7
2 21) I3= 𝑅 = = 3.25 A
4
battery)  I3 = 7 A
13 – 14 + 1xI2 = 0 → I2 = 1 A
Power consumed in circuit = I1 + I2 = I3 → I1 = 2.25 A
3 60
Vcharge x I = 20 x = watt ------------------------------------------------------
7 7
OR I2 R + I2 R + I2 R + I V 22) Lamp 3R putt off
10 160 180 1 60 Lamp 2R Increases
= 49 + + + (10𝑥 7) = watt
49 49 7
Lamp 4R Decreases
-----------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------
15) I1 + I2 = I3
23) Lamp 3 putt off
loop adca: -9 -13I2 = 0
Lamp 2 Increases
loop acba: -6 +13I2 +12I3 = 0
Lamp 1 remain constant
I1 = 1.94 A I2 = -0.69 A I3 = 1.25A
----------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------
15
16) I7.5Ω = I1 , IA = I2 = (4- I1) 24) a) I2 = zero I1 = I3 = 7+5 = 1.25 A
3 + 1.5(4- I1)- 7.5 I1= 0 → 3+ 6- 1.5 I1-7.5 I1=0 b) )VC + 6 = I3 R3 , As they are parallel
9 I1 = 9 I1 = 1A I2 = 4-1=3A Vc = ( 1.25 x 5 ) – 6 = 0.5 V ,
2 2
2) P = I1 R = 1 x 7.5 = 7.5 watt Q = C x V = 2 x 0.25 = 0.5 μC
 -------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------
25) (1) I3 = I1 + I2 = 0.25 + 0.2 = 0.45 A 37) 1- I=I1+I2+I3 →
(2) -14 + 0.25x4 + 0.45x20 + 0.25xR = 0 → 0.6=0.2+.01+I3 → I3=0.3 A
R = 16 Ω 2- V1=V3 I1 ×6=I3 ×R →
(3) - VB + 0.2x15 + 0.45x20 = 0 → VB = 12 volt 0.2×6=0.3×R → R=4Ω
-------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------
26) loop abdefa: -20 + 5 + V3 = 0 38) two parallel lines have same slope
𝑟𝐴
→ V3 = 15 volt Slope A = slope B → -rA=-rB → =1
𝑟𝐵
loop abcefa: -20 + 8 + V1 = 0 → V1 = 12 volt
b) battery A has large emf.
loop abdcefa: -20 + 5 - V2 + 8 = 0 → V2 = -7V
--------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------
𝑉 40
27) I = 𝑅 = 20 = 2 A
V = IR → 24 = 2 (8+x) → x = 4 Ω
--------------------------------------------------------
𝑉
28) Itotal = 5 A , R = 𝐼 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 12 Ω
𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙
--------------------------------------------------------
29) All have the same resistivity ,
Wire (A) has higher resistance
----------------------------------------------------
𝑉𝐵 14
30) I=𝑅+𝑟 = 6+1 = 2𝐴 , P=I2R
P=22 x 2=8 watt
---------------------------------------------------------
𝑉 12
31) I = 𝑅𝐵 = =3A
𝑒𝑞 4
𝐼 𝑥 𝑅2 3𝑥6 2
I1 = 𝑅 = 3+6 = 2 A , Iammeter = 2 = 1
1 + 𝑅2
----------------------------------------------------------
32) Vab = -20 + 2x1 + 2x20 + 12 – 1x1 - 1x10
= 22 volt
---------------------------------------------------------
33) A>C>B
---------------------------------------------------------
34) I1+I3 =I2 → (1)
-12-5I3+20=0 → I3=1.6 A
-2I2-5I3+20=0 → -2I2-
5×1.6+20=0 → I2=6A
From eq (1) I1=6-1.6=4.4 A
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35) I+2+4+9=8+10 →
I=18-15=3 A (down ward)
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36) Rv ↑ I ↓ AS ↑V1=VB-↓Ir
, ↓V2=IR↓ V2 α I