10

TLE
INDUSTRIAL ARTS
(MASONRY)
LEARNER’S ACTIVITY SHEET
Quarter 2 - Week 2: Installing
Reinforcing Bar/Dowel
TLE (IA) – Grade 10
Learner's Activity Sheet
Quarter 2 – Week 2: Installing Reinforcing Bar/Dowel
First Edition, 2021

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 LEARNER’S ACTIVITY SHEET FOR TLE 10 (MASONRY)
QUARTER 2, WEEK 2

Subject & Grade Level: TLE 10 (Masonry)

Name: ______________________________________________________________ Grade & Section:__________________________

School: ________________________________________________ Teacher: ______________________________________________

Competency:

 Install reinforcing bar/dowel.

TLE_IAMS9-12LB-IIa-f-3

Explore

Good day, my dear learners! Are you ready to explore more about masonry works? Then, more
information and technical activities are prepared ahead for you.
Previously, you have learned about installing horizontal/vertical guide in laying brick/block for masonry
work. So just read further for this new lesson and you will be amazed.

Study the picture beside write down

what you have observed. You may use a
separate sheet of paper to write

your explanations.

Source:https://theconstructor.org/construction/tolerances-reinforced-masonry-
construction/15244/

Learn

The compressive strength of concrete is tremendous. Incredible force is required to crush concrete.
However, concrete has relatively weak tensile strength. To increase the tensile strength of concrete, reinforcing
bar — rebar — is used to increase the tensile strength of concrete.
 A variety of rebar lengths and diameters are available, but there are only six common types of rebar:
European (a carbon, manganese, silicon, etc. alloy); carbon steel (basic “black” rebar); galvanized; epoxy coated;
glass-fiber-reinforced-polymer (GFRP); and stainless steel. The different types of rebar each unique strengths
and weaknesses.
Types of Reinforcing bar (Rebar)
European Rebar
The strength of European rebar is its cost. Made principally of manganese, European rebar is the least resistant
type of rebar with respect to bending. While easy to work with, it is generally not recommended for use in areas
that experience earthquakes nor for projects that require substantial structural integrity from its rebar.
Carbon Steel Rebar
The most common rebar, “black” bar is used on every type and scale of project with few exceptions. The biggest
weakness of black rebar is that it corrodes. When rebar corrodes, it expands cracking and breaking the concrete
around it. For situations in which the rebar might be exposed to humidity or water saturation, there are better
options than black rebar. However, with respect to is value/tensile strength ratio, black rebar is the best rebar
available.
Epoxy-Coated Rebar
Epoxy-coated rebar is black rebar with an epoxy coat. It has the same textile strength, but is 70 to 1,700 times
more resistant to corrosion. However, the epoxy coating is incredibly delicate. The greater the damage to the
coating, the less resistant to corrosion.
Galvanized Rebar
Galvanized rebar is only forty times more resistant to corrosion than black rebar, but it is more difficult to damage
the coating of galvanized rebar. In that respect, it has more value than epoxy-coated rebar. However, it is about
40% more expensive than epoxy-coated rebar.
Glass-Fiber-Reinforced-Polymer (GFRP)
GFRP is a composite much like carbon fiber. As a result, field bends are not permitted when using GFRP. However,
it will not corrode, period. In that respect, GFRP is an unparalleled concrete reinforcement bar. While it costs ten
times as much as epoxy coated rebar per pound, it is extremely light, so the cost is only about double when
considering talking linear feet.
Stainless Steel Rebar
Stainless steel rebar is the most expensive reinforcing bar available, about eight times the price of epoxy-coated
rebar. It is also the best rebar available for most projects. However, using stainless steel in all but the most unique
of circumstances is often overkill. But, for those who have a reason to use it, stainless steel rebar 1,500 times
more resistant to corrosion than black bar. It is more resistant to damage than any of the other corrosive-
resistant or corrosive-proof types or rebar and it can be bent in the field.
Here are the types of rebar commonly used in construction.
 Deformed Steel Bar

The most common form of steel rebar, deformed steel bars are primarily used to reinforce steel sections
that have been encased in concrete. Along with having high tensile strength, these bars are very flexible and easy
to weld and maintain. When it comes to strengthening different kinds of structures, deformed steel bars are the
best option to take. Most projects that use steel in the Philippines have these types of rebars at the ready, as they
are abundant and easy to install to almost any kind of structure.

These are the most popular bars used for reinforced cement concrete (RCC) structures. It is well-known
for its distinct deformations (also known as ribs) that helps adhere to the concrete. It has a tensile strength of
60,000 psi.

https://pinoybuilders.ph/types-of-steel-reinforcement-bars-for-concrete-works/

Mild Steel Bar

Unlike deformed steel bars, mild steel bars are plain and round in shape. Used for columns and road
projects, these mild steel bars are smaller in size, and are very easy to cut and bend, making it easy to install.
For lighter and smaller types of construction projects, mild steel bars are a great fit.

As opposed to other types, these bars do not have ribs on its surface. It is commonly used for small
projects with a tight budget since they’re cheaper to come by yet do not bond well with concrete. Its tensile
strength is about 40,000 psi.

https://pinoybuilders.ph/types-of-steel-reinforcement-bars-for-concrete-works/
 Cold Worked Steel Bars

These bars look similar to hot rolled deformed bars, although it is worked by rolling the steel at room
temperature. Due to its working, these bars are less pliable and work best to improve straightness and low-
tolerance projects. It has a tensile strength of 60,000 psi.

https://pinoybuilders.ph/types-of-steel-reinforcement-bars-for-concrete-works/

Prestressing Steel Bars

These bars are composed of multiple wires (called tendons) ranging from 2 to 7 strands. It is best known for its
versatile composition and impressive tensile strength. This material is often paired with prestressed concrete
found in bridges and concrete slabs in buildings. It has a tensile strength of around 250,000 to 270,000 psi.

Size of Steel Rebars:

Rebars are supplied in U-bent or straight rods of 40ft in length.

Size Weight per Bundle Rods per Bundle

8 mm 1 Bundle 47.41 kg 10

10 mm 1 Bundle 51.85 kg 7

12 mm 1 Bundle 53.33 kg 5

16 mm 1 Bundle 56.89 kg 3
 20 mm 1 Bundle 59.26 kg 2

25 mm 1 Bundle 46.30 kg 1

32 mm 1 Bundle 75.85 kg 1
• Weight Tolerance: As per IS: 1786-2008

8mm to 10mm ± 7%

12mm to 16mm ± 5%

20mm ± 3%

For example: 8mm bundle may vary from 44.09 to 50.73 kgs and still be safe

• Standard rod length: 12 meters (40 ft)

• Weight of 1 rod = {(Dia x Dia)/162} x 12 (in kg)
Dia = Diameter in mm

Horizontal Reinforcement

Typically the first course of horizontal reinforcement is placed in the notches closer to the panel. The
second course of horizontal reinforcement is staggered so that it is placed in the notch towards the center of the
concrete wall. The third course is placed in the same position as the first course. The fourth course is placed in
the same position as the second. This staggered pattern of horizontal reinforcement is necessary to allow for the
vertical reinforcement to be placed from the top and weave in between the horizontal steel bars. below grade
and above grade applications using 8" respectively.

Vertical Reinforcement

Vertical reinforcement is placed after the wall has been stacked and completely erected. In case of a
multistory wall then the vertical reinforcement is placed after the erection of each individual storey. Vertical
reinforcement bars are slid into place from the top and weaved into the horizontal reinforcement and secured
into the proper place according to the project plans and specs.
 Reinforcement Splicing

Steel reinforcement typically comes in 20 foot (6 meter) lengths. In such cases where steel reinforcement is
required to exceed this length, then a splice is required. The main purpose of the splice is to transform the
stresses whether tensile or compression from one steel reinforcing bar or a group of bundled bars to another in
a manner to satisfy the governing local building/engineering codes and/or requirements of engineering plans
and specs.

Types of Lap Splice

Lap splicing is typically overlapping reinforcing steel over a certain length. The length of the splice should be
calculated according to the local building codes or by a local engineer and specified on the project plans.

There are two main types of lap splices:

1. Contact Lap Splice

The lapped reinforcing bars MUST be in contact with each other and secured together.
 2. Non Contact Lap Splice:

The reinforcing bars are allowed to be spaced at a distance of one fifth (1/5) of the lapped length to a maximum
of 150 mm or 6 inches.

How are you doing? Let’s discuss the design of the dowel bars. So, what are dowel bars first?
• Dowel bars
Dowel bars are steel bars, generally round in shape, and are used in the expansion joints which, are provided
in the concrete pavements(rigid pavements) to allow the expansion of the concrete slab.
The main function of the dowel bars is to transfer the wheel load from one slab to the adjacent slab through the
shear and bending moment.

Dowel bars are embedded on both the slabs, and on one slab there is a dowel cap which provides space for
the bar to occupy it when there is expansion in both slabs.
This empty space is filled with some easy to contract material so, that it may adjust its volume according the need
of the dowel bar.

Dowel Bar Preparation

Dowel bars must be protected from corrosion ; although joints are sealed to keep water penetration to a
minimum, water will seep in over time and, combined with deicing salts, may corrode unprotected bars. Typically
dowel bars are protected from corrosion by the application of epoxy coating or stainless steel cladding
Additionally, dowels should be lightly coated with a lubricant such as grease or oil to prevent bonding with the
PCC.

Dowel Bar Locations

The conventional approach to dowel bar placement in new pavement construction is to place 11 bars
for a 12-foot lane, starting with the first bar located 12 inches from the pavement edge, with all of the bars
placed 12 inches apart from the next adjacent bar.

Engage

Let us summarize what we have discussed today.

We have discussed the types of reinforcing bar, the sizes and tolerance, the horizontal and vertical reinforcing bar
Together the splicing, the displacement of dowels and the importance of steel in laying blocks/blocks structure.

Apply

Based on the table of rebar size and weight; Find out the weight tolerance of 12mm
Having 3.33 kg / bundle?

Post Test

A. TRUE OR FALSE
Directions. Write True if the statement is correct and False if the statement is wrong. Write your answer on the
space provided.

______1. Dowel bars are embedded on both the slabs, and on one slab.
______2. Dowel bars must be protected from corrosion.
______3. The main function of the dowel bars is to transfer the wheel load from one slab to the adjacent
slab through the shear and bending moment.

______4. The reinforcing bars are allowed to be spaced at a distance of one fifth (1/2) of the lapped
length to a maximum of 150 mm or 6 inches.

______5. Lap splicing is typically overlapping reinforcing steel over a certain length.

______6. Steel reinforcement typically comes in 20 foot (6 meter) lengths.

 ______7. The weight tolerance of 12mm to 16mm is ± 5%.
______8. Vertical reinforcement is placed after the wall has been stacked and completely erected.
______9. The third course is placed in the same position as the first course.
______10. Prestressing steel bar has a tensile strength of around 250,000 to 270,000 psi.

B. Multiple Choice
Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer. Encircle the chosen letter.

11. Which type of rebar having least resistant type of rebar with respect to bending?
A. European rebar B. Carbon steel rebar
C. Epoxy coated rebar D. Galvanize rebar

12. The most common rebar, “black” bar is used on every type and scale of project with few exceptions.
A. European rebar B. Carbon steel rebar
C. Epoxy coated rebar D. Galvanize rebar

13. It has the same textile strength, but is 70 to 1,700 times more resistant to corrosion.
A. European rebar B. Carbon steel rebar
C. Epoxy coated rebar D. Galvanize rebar

14. It is about 40% more expensive than epoxy-coated rebar.

A. European rebar B. Carbon steel rebar
C. Epoxy coated rebar D. Galvanize rebar

15. It is commonly used for small projects with a tight budget since they’re cheaper to come by yet do not
bond well with concrete.
A. European rebar B. Carbon steel rebar
C. Epoxy coated rebar D. Mild steel bar
Assessment
1. T
2. T
3. T
4. F
5. T
6. T
7. T
8. T
9. T
10. T
11. A
12. B
13. C
14. D
15. D
Answers Key