Instructions

Getting Started

Choice of Spread Format

Interpretation of Charts
X-Bar Chart
R Chart

Questions or Comments

Getting Started

1) Press "Start" to obtain the user form.

2) Enter your Company or Organization name.
3) Input the number of samples for analysis.
4) Chose the spread format for "X-Bar Chart".
5) Enter the size of the sample in the data sheet
6) If using the "Range" option, enter the popualtion
standard deviation.

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 Choice of Spread Format

Choose "Standard Deviation Method" if population

standard deviation of samples is known.This option will
only calculate the X-Bar Chart

Choose "Range Method" if the range of the sample is

known . This option will calculate both the X-bar and
R Chart

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Interpretation of Charts

X-Bar Chart
Point outside Sample Upper Control Limit Center Limit Lower Control Limit

control limit. 5

Process not in
4
Control
3

Two points close the 2

control limit.Process 1
not in control Mean
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
-1 Five points below
the mean. Process
-2
not in control
-3

Sample
 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
-1

-2

-3

Sample

R-Chart
Sample Upper Control Lim it Center Lim it Lower Control Limit

Two points close 4

the control 3
limit.Process not in
control 2

0
Mean
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
Erratic Change.
-1
Process not in
-2 control
-3

-4

Sample

Point outside
control limit.
Process not in
Control

Questions or Comments

If you have any questions or comments please

contact Amit Bansal at axb317@psu.edu or Fabien
Aron at fqa101@psu.edu
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Five points below
the mean. Process
not in control
 Top

Erratic Change.
Process not in
control

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X -Bar and R Chart Application
X-bar chart indicates the changes that have occurred in the
central tendency of a process. These changes might be due to
such factors as tool wear, or new and stronger materials.

R chart values indicate that a gain or loss in dispersion has

occurred.Such change might be due to worn bearings, a loose
tool, an erratic flow of lubricants to a machine, or to sloppiness on
the part of a machine operator.

The two types of chart go hand in hand when monitoring

variables, because they measure the two critical parameters,
central tendency and dispersion.

Desgined and Created by Amit Bansal, Fabien Aron

Quality and Manufacturing Management Program
Penn State University
 X-Bar Chart(Std. Deviation Method)
Sample Upper Control Limit Lower Control Limit Center Line
1

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6
Mean

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Sample Number
 XYZ Company
1/9/2022 16:40

Quality Control X bar chart

Number of samples 5
Sample size
Population
standard deviation
Results
x-bar value
Data z value
Sample Number Mean Sigma x bar
1 Upper control limit
2 Center line
3 Lower control limit
4
5
Average #DIV/0!
Results
#DIV/0!
3
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
#DIV/0!
1 0 #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
2 0 #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
3 0 #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
4 0 #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
5 0 #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
 X -Bar Chart (Range Method)
Sample Upper Control Limit Lower Control Limit Center Limit
1

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6
Mean

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0
0 1 2 3 4 5
Sample Number
 R-Chart
Sample Upper Control Limit Lower Control Limit Center Limit
1

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6
Mean

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0
0 1 2 3 4 5
Sample Number
 XYZ Company
1/9/2022 16:40

Quality Control X bar and R-Chart

Number of samples 4
Sample size

Sample Number Mean Range Results

1
2 x-bar value
3
4 R bar value
Average #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Upper control limit
Center line
Lower control limit
 Upper
Sample Mean Range,
size, n Factor, A2 D4
2 1.88 3.268
3 1.023 2.574
4 0.729 2.282
5 0.577 2.115
6 0.483 2.004
7 0.419 1.924
8 0.373 1.864
Results 9 0.337 1.816
Xbar Range 10 0.308 1.777
#DIV/0! 11 0.285 1.744
12 0.266 1.716
#DIV/0! 13 0.249 1.692
14 0.235 1.671
#N/A #N/A 15 0.223 1.652
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! 16 0.212 1.636
#N/A #N/A 17 0.203 1.621
0 18 0.194 1.608
 1 0 #N/A #N/A #DIV/0! 1
2 0 #N/A #N/A #DIV/0! 2
3 0 #N/A #N/A #DIV/0! 3
4 0 #N/A #N/A #DIV/0! 4

Lower
Range,
D3
0
0
0
0
0
0.076
0.136
0.184
0.223
0.256
0.284
0.308
0.329
0.348
0.364
0.379
0.392
0 #N/A #N/A #DIV/0!
0 #N/A #N/A #DIV/0!
0 #N/A #N/A #DIV/0!
0 #N/A #N/A #DIV/0!