Subject Name : THEORY OF STRUCTURE(22402) Academic Year : 2020-21

Course Name : CE 4I Semester : 4rd

A STUDY ON
Introduction to moment distribution method
MICRO PROJECT
SUBMITTED IN 2021 BY 7 STUDENTS
Sr.No Roll Full name of Student Enrollment No. Seat No.
No

1 36 GANESH DATTATRAY THAKARE 1909350083

2 37 VISHWAKARMA RUPESH 1909350084
RAMPRAVESH
3 38 WALANJ SARVESH ARUN 1909350085
4 39 SHINDE CHETAN PRAKASH 1909350086
5 40 MANORE SANIKA SUBHASH 1909350087
6 41 DINKAR NILESH PUNDLIK 1909350088

7 42 SHINDE ATHARVA PRAMOD 1909350089

Under The Guidance Of

MS. Gayatri v. Chaudhari
3Years Diploma Programme in Engineering & Technology of Maharashtra State
Board of Technical Education
ISO 9001 : 2008 (ISO/ICE-27001:2013)
 MAHARASHATRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL
EDUCATION, MUMBAI

CERTIFICATE

This is to the certify Mr : RUPESH RAMPRAVESH VISHWAKARMA Roll No.37 of

Fourth Semester of Civil Engineering Diploma Programme In Engineering &
Technology at Shivajirao S.Jondhle Polytechnic Asangaon (EAST) Shahapur
421601 has completed the Micro Project Satisfactorily in subject THEORY OF
STRUCTURES(22402) In the academic year 2020-21 prescribed curriculum. Of I
Scheme.

Place:-asangaon Enrollment no:-1909350084

Date:- / / / Exam seat no:-

Project Guide Head of the Department Principal

 INDEX
SR NO. TITLE NAME PAGE NO

1 Introduction 1

2 Implementation 2-3

3 example 4-5

4 result 6-7

5 Conclusion 8

6 reference 9
 Introduction
In the moment distribution method, every joint of the structure to be
analysed is fixed so as to develop the fixed-end moments. Then
each fixed joint is sequentially released and the fixed-end moments
(which by the time of release are not in equilibrium) are distributed
to adjacent members until equilibrium is achieved. The moment
distribution method in mathematical terms can be demonstrated as
the process of solving a set of simultaneous equations by means
of iteration.
The moment distribution method falls into the category
of displacement method of structural analysis.
 Implementation
In order to apply the moment distribution method to analyse a structure, the
following things must be considered.
Fixed end moments[edit]
Fixed end moments are the moments produced at member ends by external
loads.
Bending stiffness[edit]
The bending stiffness (EI/L) of a member is represented as the flexural rigidity
of the member (product of the modulus of elasticity (E) and the second
moment of area (I)) divided by the length (L) of the member. What is needed
in the moment distribution method is not the specific values but the ratios of
bending stiffnesses between all members.
Distribution factors[edit]
When a joint is being released and begins to rotate under the unbalanced
moment, resisting forces develop at each member framed together at the
joint. Although the total resistance is equal to the unbalanced moment, the
magnitudes of resisting forces developed at each member differ by the
members' bending stiffness. Distribution factors can be defined as the
proportions of the unbalanced moments carried by each of the members. In
mathematical terms, the distribution factor of member  framed at joint  is given
as:
where n is the number of members framed at the joint.
Carryover factors[edit]
When a joint is released, balancing moment occurs to counterbalance the
unbalanced moment. The balancing moment is initially the same as the
fixed-end moment. This balancing moment is then carried over to the
member's other end. The ratio of the carried-over moment at the other end
to the fixed-end moment of the initial end is the carryover factor.
Determination of carryover factors[edit]
Let one end (end A) of a fixed beam be released and applied a
moment  while the other end (end B) remains fixed. This will cause end A
 to rotate through an angle . Once the magnitude of  developed at end B is
found, the carryover factor of this member is given as the ratio of  over :
In case of a beam of length L with constant cross-section whose
flexural rigidity is ,
therefore the carryover factor
Sign convention[edit]
Once a sign convention has been chosen, it has to be
maintained for the whole structure. The traditional engineer's
sign convention is not used in the calculations of the moment
distribution method although the results can be expressed in
the conventional way. In the BMD case, the left side moment
is clockwise direction and other is anticlockwise direction so
the bending is positive and is called sagging.
Framed structure[edit]
Framed structure with or without sidesway can be analysed
using the moment distribution method.

Example
The statically indeterminate beam shown in the figure is to be analysed.
The beam is considered to be three separate members, AB, BC, and CD,
connected by fixed end (moment resisting) joints at B and C.
 Members AB, BC, CD have the same span .
 Flexural rigidities are EI, 2EI, EI respectively.
 Concentrated load of magnitude  acts at a distance  from the support A.
 Uniform load of intensity  acts on BC.
 Member CD is loaded at its midspan with a concentrated load of
magnitude .
In the following calculations, clockwise moments are positive.
Fixed end moments[edit]
See also: Fixed end moment
Bending stiffness and distribution factors[edit]
The bending stiffness of members AB, BC and CD
are ,  and , respectively[disputed  –  discuss]. Therefore, expressing
the results in repeating decimal notation:
The distribution factors of joints A and D
are  and .
Carryover factors[edit]
The carryover factors are , except for the
carryover factor from D (fixed support) to C
which is zero.
 Result
 Moments at joints determined by the moment distribution method
The conventional engineer's sign convention is used here, i.e. positive
moments cause elongation at the bottom part of a beam member.
For comparison purposes, the following are the results
generated using a matrix method. Note that in the analysis
above, the iterative process was carried to >0.01 precision.
The fact that the matrix analysis results and the moment
distribution analysis results match to 0.001 precision is mere
coincidence.

 Moments at joints determined by the matrix method

Note that the moment distribution method only
determines the moments at the joints. Developing
complete bending moment diagrams require
additional calculations using the determined joint
moments and internal section equilibrium.
Result via displacements method[edit]
As the Hardy Cross method provides only
approximate results, with a margin of error
inversely proportionate to the number of
iterations, it is important[citation needed] to have an idea
of how accurate this method might be. With this in
mind, here is the result obtained by using an
exact method: the displacement method
For this, the displacements method equation
assumes the following form:
For the structure described in this example, the
stiffness matrix is as follows:
The equivalent nodal force vector:
Replacing the values presented above in the
equation and solving it for  leads to the following
result:
Hence, the moments evaluated in node B are as
follows:
The moments evaluated in node C are as follows:
 Conclusion
The moment distribution method is a method of successive corrections and is either
approximate or exact to any desired degree depending on the number of
corrections made in the computations. r,roblems involving joint translations are
usually solved most readily by the indirect method, by which moments throughout
the frlme, consistent with its dimensions and the make-up of its members, are first
determined. In this, the relative value of the sideaway for each member is found b,
the construction of a williot tyi.e diarram. In addition to the moment distribution
met' od, there are many other methods, such as the slope-deflection method, energy
method, and virtual work method, but the moment distribution method is one of the
most convenient t000ls to solve the statically indeterminate structural problems.
 Reference
https://core.ac.uk/
https://en.wikipedia.org/