THE TECHNICAL REPORT ON THE STUDENT’S

INDUSTRIAL
WORK EXPERIENCE SCHEME(SIWES)
CARRY OUT AT AMINU KANO TEACHING HOSPITAL (AKTH)
ZARIA ROAD
KANO STATE.
FROM 20TH AUGUST , 2018
TO
9TH NOVEMBER, 2018
BY
LUCKY MICHAEL
(REG NO: ST/SLT/ND/17/272)
UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF
Dr. ABUBAKAR BAWA
SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE
LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY
FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC MUBI
ADAMAWA STATE.
IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE
REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF
NATIONAL DIPLOMA (ND) IN SCIENCE
LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Contents Page

Title page.................................................................................................i
Dedication...............................................................................................ii
Declaration.............................................................................................iii
Certification............................................................................................iv
Appreciation...........................................................................................v
Table of contents................................................................................iv

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 Brief history of SIWES 1

1.1 Aims and objectives of SIWES 1

1.2 Brief history of Aminu kano teaching hospital zaria road, kano state 2
1.3 Some Materials/Reagents found in the Medical Laboratory 2

1.4 Collection of blood sample 3

1.5 Collection of stool/urine sample 3

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 CHEMICAL PATHOLOGY/SEROLOGY UNIT 4

2.1 Fasting/Random blood sugar (FBS/RBS) Test 4

2.2 Urinalysis 5

2.3 HCV & HBSAg test 6

2.4 Widal test 7

2.5 Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Test 8

2.6 Syphilis, Veneral Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) Test 9

2.7 Pregnancy Test (PT) 10

CHAPTER THREE

3.0 HEAMATOLOGY/PARASITOLOGY UNIT 11

3.1 Pack cell Volume (PCV) 11

3.2 Blood grouping 12

3.3 Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) 13

3.4 Malaria parasite (MP) 14

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 MICROBIOLOGY UNIT 16

4.1Urine Microscopy 16

421 Stool microscopy 17

4.3 Occult Blood Test 18

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0 CONCLUSION / RECOMMENDATION & SUMMARY

5.1 SUMMARY 19

5.2 Conclusion 20

5.3 Recommendations

5.3 REFERENCES

DEDICATION

` This technical report is dedicated first to Almighty God to my beloved

parents, to my family members, to my relations, to my friends and also my sister

Hauwa Zaman for their patience, encouragement, financial supports and prayers

throughout my SIWES project in order to achieve success in my academic work.

In the same manner, I dedicated this work to all my primary and secondary

teachers, as well as my lecturers in Department of science laboratory technology,

Federal polytechnic Mubi for their potential love and care.

DECLARATION
I LUCKY MICHAEL with registration number ST/SLT/ND/17/272 declared that, this

report was carry out at Aminu kano teaching hospital (AKTH) Hospital Zaria Road,

Kano state.

Sign……………………

Lucky Michael Date…………………

(Student)

Sign…………………

Dr. ABUBAKAR BAWA Date…………………

(Supervisor)

Sign……………

Hassan Abubakar Date……………………

(Industry-base supervisor)

CERTIFICATION
I LUCKY MICHAEL

with the registration number ST/SLT/ND/17/272 here by verify that, the

information.

In this report is my work for a period of four (4) months, as a requirements for
completing of student industrial work experience scheme (SIWES), carried out at
Aminu kano teaching hospital (AKTH) hospital Kano state.

Sign………………….

LUCKY MICHAEL Date…………………………..

(Student)

Sign……………………

Mr. Date……………………………

(Siwes supervisor)

Sign…………………….

Mr BUBAMUHAMMED
Date…………………………….

(Siwes coordinator)
 APPRECIATION

First and foremost, let me start by thanking the Almighty God for sparing my life to see the

success of this project work.

Actually, this work cannot be written without co-operation and supports (both mutually and

financially) of some people. In this regards my sincere gratitude goes to the following people

who in one way or another have contributed to the production of this report. Hauwa zaman,

Madam Ajayi,Dauda Isah, Praise Osadebe, Rebeccah yakubu and also my sincere gratitude also

goes to my parents, family members, relations and friends who gave me courage and support

needed to complete this report.

My special appreciation goes to my SIWES Supervisor, my SIWES Co-ordinator Mr. Buba

Muhammed, my HOD Dr. AA Bawa, Lecturers and technologists from the Department of

science Laboratory Technology Federal Polytechnic mubi, Adamawa State.

I must also appreciate all staff of AKTH hospital particularly, Mal. Hassan, Mal Usman, Mal

Musa Daurayi and Madam Ajayi official and the entire Lecturers Department of science

Laboratory Technology (SLT) Federal Polytechnic mubi, Adamawa state for their supports

encouragement and strick supervisor that made it possible for me to write this report and

whose tenure gave me opportunity to developed my carrier.

Let me at this junction, state that all acts and omissions contained in this work remain entirely

mine in spite of all assistance/helps and suggestion I received from concerned tutors, friends

and colleague.

CHAPTER ONE
1.0 BRIEF HISTORY OF SIWES

The Student Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) was established by

the federal government of Nigeria on October 8/1973. Located at Miango

road Jos, Plateau State. It is the acceptable skills training program in tertiary

Institutions in Nigeria. It is an effort to bridge the gap between theory and

practical of science and technology, and other professional programs in

Nigeria tertiary institutions.

ITF means Industrial Training Fund. The industrial training fund was

established in 1971, with the aims of promoting and encouraging the

acquisition of skills in industries and commerce with a view of generating aa

pool of indigenous trained man power sufficiently to meet the needs of the

current economy.

1.1 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF SIWES

Specifically, the objectives of SIWES are to:

Provide an avenue for students in the Nigerian tertiary institution to

 acquire industrial skills and experience on their course of studies.

 It prepares students with an opportunity to apply their theoretical

knowledge in real work situation.

 Strengthen the relationship between educational institution and

industries sector.

 It gives students the opportunity to apply their knowledge practically.

  It enlightens on how to manage offices when employed.

 it help student to identify sign and symptoms of disease and their also

treatment

1.2 BRIEF HISTORY OF AKTH HOSPITAL

Aminu kano Teaching was established in August, 1988 when the kano state

Government formally handed over the then Aminu Kano College Hospital to the

Federal Government to be use as Teaching Hospital.

The hospital which temporarily started operation at Murtala Mohd. Specialist

Hospital moved to its permanent site in 1996. Today the hospital has grown to be

a full 500 bedded Teaching hospital with some modern equipment and facilities.

1.3 SOME MATERIALS/REAGENTS FOUND IN THE MEDICAL LABORATORY

The following materials/reagents were found in the medical laboratory

which were used in carrying out different investigations in the laboratory

among which are; microscope, micropipette, hand pipette, Pasteur pipette,

glass slide, cover slip, smooth grouping tile, widal cassette, petri-dish, staining

rack, ESR tube, ESR stand, Wash bottle, HCV test strip, HBSAg test strip, buffer,

Film stain A&B, Anti sera kit, Immersion oil, Widal kit, EDTA container,

Fluoride oxalate container, plain container, Heparinized and non-heparinize

capillary tube, Plasticine, Test tube, HIVtest strip, Combi 9 strip, Occult blood

test strip, syphilis test strip ,H.pylori strip, Aso titer reagent, RF reagent,
 chlamydia strip, matches, Bunsen burner, conical flask, Applicator stick,

Tourniquet, Swap stick, Cotton wool, Syringes, needles, razor, centrifuge,

spectrophotometer, Refrigerator, Incubator, hot-air oven, Autoclave,

Glucometer, Micro-haemator centrifuge, micro-haematocrit reader, Digital

weighing balance, anti-coagulants, etc.

1.4 COLLECTION OF BLOOD SAMPLE

There are two methods of collecting patients sample either;

 Venous blood collection or

 Finger prick methods

(a) Venous blood sample: The patient upper arm was tied with a tourniquet

and the prominent vein to be use was swabbed. The needle was gently

inserted into the vein and the required volume of blood was collected. The

tourniquet was untied and the needle was slowly removed, a dry cotton

wool was placed over the vein punctured, and a little pressure was applied

until the blood stop coming out.

(b) Finger prick method: It is a process whereby blood is collected from the

finger using blood lancet. The finger was cleaned with a swab and sterile

lancet was use to prick the finger. The first drop of blood was wipe away

using cotton wool, and then the blood was drown using micropipette, hand

pipette etc. depending on the analysis to be done.

1.5 COLLECTION OF STOOL/URINE SAMPLE

Stool is the most common sample for the identification of cysts of protozoa,

eggs and larvae of helminthes of intestinal parasites like: endameba histolyca,

Trichomonas hominies etc. investigations carried out with stool include;

Occult blood test, stool microscopy, culture and sensitivity etc. whereas, urine

is collected as timed or random sample depending on the analysis to be

carried out. Investigations carried out with urine include; Urinalysis, Urine

microscopy etc.

Patient was given a sterile, leak proof, sufficiently wide mouthed and

labeled with patient’s lab number container to produce his urine/stool sample

for the analysis written by doctor.

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 CHEMICAL PATHOLOGY/SEROLOGY UNIT

 Chemical pathology is a unit of medical laboratory that deals with the analysis and

diagnosis of bodily fluids such as blood (serum) and urine. It is called clinical biochemistry which

performs chemical analysis of blood. Thus, most tests are normally carried out on serum and

plasma, test are also performed on urine and other fluids. This laboratory test can be used to

diagnose a range of diseases, which are important in preventing, diagnosing, and monitoring of

heart diseases and cancer.

On the other hand, serology is the scientific study of serum and other bodily fluids.

Serology mostly deals with diagnostic investigation of anti-bodies in the serum and other

bacterial infections, such as Syphilis, HIV, Hepatitis, etc.

2.1 RANDOM/FASTING BLOOD SUGAR (RBS/FBS) TEST

Random blood sugar test measures blood glucose regardless of when you ate last, and

several random measurements may be taken throughout the date, whereas, fasting blood

sugar test measures blood glucose after the patient have not eaten for at least 8hours. E.g.

from 10:00pm-08:00pm It is often the first test done to check for pre-diabetes and diabetes.

Both fasting/random blood sugars have normal range:

RBS 4.2-6.4 mmo|/|

FBS 4.2-10.0 mmol/l

N.B Anything above or below the normal range is abnormal

AIM: To determine the level of glucose in the blood

MATERIALS: Sterile blood lancet, swab, cotton wool, glucometer strip and glucometer,

calculator, etc.
PROCEDURE: Patient’s finger was swabbed and punctured with the aid of lancet, first blood

drop was wiped away, a little pressure was applied on the finger to release more blood, it was

drawn using hand pipette, 2-3 drops of blood were dropped at the sample point of glucometer

strip placed balance on a glucometer. It was also allowed to read the result. Machine reads in

G/ dl which was converted into mmol/l by dividing by 18.

OBSERVATION: It was observed that the higher value signified the presence of diabetes

whereas, the lower value signified the non-diabetes.

For example;

Machine reading for Random test 111g/dl

By converting in to mmol/l=111/18

=6.1 mmol/l

2.2 URINALYSIS

The test was carried out to detect the presence of protein, glucose, ketons, ascorbic acid,

pH, blood, etc. from the patient’s urine

Urine sample could be collected as early morning random or timed specimen depending on

analysis to be carried out. Investigations carried out with urine sample include; Urinalysis, Urine

microscopy etc.

AIM: To determine the cells and parasite found in urine specimen.

MATERIALS:A sterile container, combi 9 strip.

PROCEDURE: The urine was collected into a strile container, it was flooded over a combi 9 strip.

The strip was compared with the standard color chart.

OBSERVATION: It was observed that any color change on the strip correspond to the standard

chart to indicate positive or negative result. Some color changes were tabulated in the table

below;

S / N C h e m i c a l N e g a ti v e r e s u l t P o s i ti v e r e s u l t
1 B l o o d Y e l l o w G r e e n
2 Urobilinogen W h i t e Light yellow
3 B i l i r u b i n L i g h t p i n k P i n k
4 P r o t e i n Y e l l o w L i g h t g r e e n
5 N i t r a t e W h i t e P i n k
6 K e t o n e s W h i t e P u r p l e
7 Ascobic acid B l u e P u r p l e
8 G l u c o s e Y e l l o w G r e e n
9 P H 5 6 , 7 , 8
N.B The normal pH value of urine is 5.5-6.0 For example;

Protein +

Blood ++

PH 6

Others normal.

2.3 HCV & HBSAg TEST

Hepatitis C virus HCV and Hepatitis B Surface Antigen HBSAg test were carried out to

detect the presence of virus on a suspected patient’s serum. Hepatitis infection is a swelling

and inflammation of the liver.

AIM: To detect the presence of HCV & HBSAg.

MATERIALS: HCV/HBS Ag strip, EDTA container, cotton wool, syringe, needle, swab, tourniquet,

centrifuge, hand gloves, etc.

PROCEDURE: Patient’s blood was collected and transferred into a container. It was spun in a

centrifuged at 3000rpm for 3 minutes. HCV/HBSAg test strip was immersed into the serum in a

container with the Arrow point toward the container, strip was taken out after 8-10 minutes to

interpret the result.

INTERPRETATION OF RESULT:

Positive result: When two color bands appear on both control and test region.

Negative result: When a single color band appear on the control region.

Invalid/Error: When no single color band appear on the test region or no color band appear at

both control and test region.

2.4 WIDAL TEST

This is a test for a typhoid fever.

AIM: To detect salmonella typhi, the causative agent of typhoid fever in the suspected patient

serum.

MATERIALS: Blood serum, micropipette, cotton wool, tile, widal kits, centrifuge, swab, blood

container, etc.

PROCEDURE: The patients arm was tied with a tourniquet, and the prominent vein to be used

was disinfected with a swab. Using a sterile syringe and needle, the blood specimen was

collected and transferred into the EDTA (Ethylene Demine Tetra acetic Acid) container which

contains anti-coagulant, it was then centrifuge and the widal tile was cleaned and dried off

before use. The antigens and four flagella [HD] (A,B and C) the four somatic [OD] (A,B and C)
Were dropped separately on the tile respectively. Using a hand pipette, the plasma was

dropped into each of the salmonella antigens. Each was mixed separately with different stirrers.

It was then rocked for about 2-5 minutes, and was observed with naked eyes for the presence

of agglutination reaction.

OBSERVATIO: Widal result was recorded based on the level of agglutination reaction to indicate

either positive or negative result.

Interpretation of the result:

1/40………………………………………………..No agglutination

1/80………………………………………………...Small agglutination

1/160……………………………………………….Much agglutination

1/320………………………………………………. Too much agglutination

Example of a Widal test result

Salmonella typhi H 1/160 O 1/160

Salmonella para typhiA 1/140 a 1/140

Salmonella para typhi B 1/160 b 1/160

Salmonella para typhi C 1/140 c 1/160

Significant titer 1/160

The above result is positive.

2.5 HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV) TEST

This test carried out to detect the presence of HIV infection on the suspected patients.

AIM: To detect the HIV infection.

MATERIALS: Hand gloves, HIV strip, buffer, sterilized lancet, sample (blood), dropper, cotton

wool and swab.

PROCEDURE: HIV test was carried out in different methods;

 Determine method

 Uni-gold method

 Stat pack method

Determine method: Patient’s blood was collected. A drop of sample (serum/blood) was

dropped at the sample point of the determine strip, a drop of buffer was added and allowed to

be absorbed by the strip. It was allowed for about 5-10 minutes to interpret the result.

Uni-Gold method: This is a confirmation test for the determine method. Patients’ blood was

collected and 2-3 drops were dropped at the sample point of the Uni-Gold, Uni-Gold buffer was

also added to the sample and allowed to be absorbed. It was allowed for 5-10 minutes to

interpret the result.

Stat pack method: this is the actual result for the test. Patient’s blood was collected and 2-3

drops were dropped at the sample point of the stat pack, stat pack buffer was also added to the

sample and allowed to be absorbed. It was allowed for 5-10 minutes to interpret the result.

INTERPRETATION OF THE RESULT:

Positive result: When two color bands appear on both control and test region.

Negative result: When a single color band appear on the control region.

Invalid/Error: When a single color band appear on the test region or no color band appear at

both control and test region.

2.6 SYPHILIS, VENERAL DESEASE RESEARCH LABORATORY (VDRL) TEST

This is carried out to detect the presence of syphilis in a suspected patient.

Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium called Treponema

palladium.

AIM: To detect the syphilis infection in a suspected patient.

MATERIALS: Blood sample, VDRL strip, swab, sterilized lancet, dropper, pipette and hand

gloves.

PROCEDURE: Patient’s blood was collected from the vein and was transferred into an EDTA

container. Sample was spun in a centrifuge at 3000rpm for 3 minutes. Syphilis test strip was

immersed into the serum with the arrow point towards the container, strip was taken out after

8-10 seconds and was placed on a flat surface and was allowed for about 5 minutes to interpret

the result.

OBSERVATION: When two red line bands appear at the control and test line, result is Positive.

When only single band appear at the control line, result is Negative and when no band appear

at both control and test line or single band on test line, the result is Invalid/Personal errors.

2.7 PREGNANCY TEST

Pregnancy test is done to detect pregnancy in the patient. It is done usually when the

patient missed her period. Early morning urine is preferred for this test because it contains high

concentration of HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) which is excreted in the urine.

AIM: To determine pregnancy test

MATERIALS: sample container, pregnancy test strip, urine/blood sample and hand gloves.
PROCEDUER:(a) Urine sample: HCG strip was immersed into the collected patient’s urine. It was

allowed to absorb the sample for about 8-10 seconds. It was removed and placed on a flat, dry

and non-absorbent surface. After 5-10 minutes, result was taken.

(c) Serum sample: patient’s blood was collected from the vein and transferred into a
container, it was spun in a centrifuge for 3000rpm for three (3) minutes. HCG strip was
immersed into the serum with the arrow point toward the container. It was allowed to
absorb the sample for about 8-10 seconds. It was removed and placed on a flat, dry and
non-absorbed surface. After 5-10 minutes, the result was taken.

INTERPRETATION OF THE RESULT:

Positive result: when two color bands appear on both control and test region.

Negative result: when a single color band appears on the control region.

Invalid/Error: when a single color band appears on the test region or no color band appear
at both control and test region.

CHAPTER THREE

3.0 HAEMATOLOGY/PARASITOLOGY UNIT

Is the unit of the laboratory concerns with the study of blood; its composition,
formation, function and diseases in the blood?
 It is also referred to the study of blood-forming tissues and disorders associated with
them. Thus, the study of hematology includes the study of ethology, diagnosis, and prevention
of blood diseases that affect the production of blood. Investigations carried out in
haematologyunit include; PCV, Blood group, FBC, ESR, CD4, Genotype etc.

3.1 PACK CELL VOLUME (PCV)

PCV is a screening test for anemia. It is carried to know whether the person is anemic or
not. It measures the amount of red cells presence in the blood and it is expressed in percentage
(%). Normal range of PCV differs in Men, Women and Infants.

Men 37% - 54%

Women 36% - 46%

Infants 42% - 62%

Any value above or below these values is abnormal, when it is below, it may signify anemia and
when above may signify hypertension.

AIM: To determine the volume of blood contained in a patient’s body.

MATERIALS: Capillary tubes, micro haematocrit centrifuge/reader, swab, syringe, needle,

tourniquet, EDTA container, Plastacine, etc.

PROCEDURE: patient’s blood was collected using vinous puncture method and blood was
transferred in to an EDTA container, Capillary tube was inserted in to the container, blood
enters the tube by capillary Action to about two-third of the length of the tube. One edge of the
tube was sealed with plastacine, the tube was put in the radical groove of micro hematocrit
centrifuge and was spun at 3000rpm for 5 minutes. It was then removed and estimated by the
use of micro-haematocrit reader.

OBSERVATION: The result found was compare with the normal PCV range and the condition of
the patient was detected (anemia or not).

3.2 BLOOD GROUPING

This test was carried out to know the blood group of a patient.

AIM: To determine the blood group of a patient using anti-sera kit.

MATERIALS: Sterile blood lancet, swab, anti-sera kit, anti A, anti B and anti D), smooth grouping
tile, cotton wool, hand pipette, hand gloves, etc.
PROCEDURE: Patient’s finger was swabbed and prinked with the aid of blood lancet, first drop
of blood was swiped away and title pressure was applied on the finger to release more blood,
the blood was drawn using hand pipette and three drops were placed separately on clean
grouping tile respectively. Anti-sera kit (anti-A, anti-b and anti D) each was dropped on one
sample respectively. Each was stirred using different stirrer. Tile was rocked for about 1 minute
and was observed with naked eyes for the presence of agglutination.

OBSERVATION: The possible blood groups were tabulated in the table below:

S / N A n ti A A n ti B A n ti D Blood Group
1 + + + A B +
2 + - + A +
3 - + + B +
4 - - + O +
5 + + - A B -
6 + - - A -
7 - + - B -
8 - - - O -
Keys:

+ There is agglutination

- No agglutination

3.3 ERYTHROCYTE SEDIMENTATION RATE (ESR)

This test is carried out to detect the rate of sedimentation of the red blood cells per hour.

AIM: To carry out ESR test.

MATERIALS: ESR stand and tube, cotton wool, syringe and needle, Digital timer.

PROCEDURE: 2 ml syringe was used to collect 1-1.25ml of blood from the vein and the blood
was put inside the ESR tube and slightly mixed with the anticoagulant inside the tube and ESR
stick was put inside the tube the set-up was vertically erected using the ESR stand and the timer
was set for 1 hour.

OBSERBATION/RESULT: After an hour, the boundary-mark between the plasma and the red-cell
was read from the calibrated ESR stick and the result was written as;
ESR=70mm/hr, 13mm/hr, 106mm/hr etc.

3.4 MALARIA PARASITE (MP) TEST

Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease of human and other animals caused by

parasitic protozoan (plasmodium species) e.g. plasmodium falciparum, plasmodium vivax,
plasmodium ovale, plasmodium malaria. This disease is transmitted by female infected
anopheles mosquito. It can be diagnosed in the laboratory.

AIM: To test for malaria parasites from patient’s blood.

MATERIALS: Glass slide, swab, blood lancet, immersion oil, film stain A&B, distilled water,
cotton wool, microscope, applicator stick, etc.

PROCEDURE: Patient’s finger was swabbed and punctured using blood lancet, first blood drop
was wiped away, little pressure was applied on the finger to release more blood. A drop of
blood was drop on clean glass slide, blood was immersed using applicator stick and was allowed
to air-dry. Film stain A was dropped to cover the spot of the blood for 3 minutes and was rinsed
with distilled water. Film stain B was also added to the spot for 3 seconds and was also rinsed in
distilled water, the slide was placed upright on a staining rack to air-dry, a drop of immersion oil
was dropped on the dried spot and was examined microscopically using 100x objectives lens.

OBSERVATION: Malaria parasite result was written based on the number of spear of parasites
seen. When few parasites seen is (+), when fewer parasites seen is (++), and when many
parasites seen is (+++)

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 MICROBIOLOGY UNIT

4.1 URINE MICROSCOPY

AIM: to determine the cells and parasite found in urine specimen.

MATERIALS: Urine sample, centrifuge tube, centrifuge, clean glass slides, hand gloves, cover
slip, and microscope.
PROCEDURE: The urine was provided by the patient in a sterile urine container. The container
was labeled with the patient lab number. The sample was transferred into a test tube balanced
on the centrifuge.

The sample was spun for three minutes (3000, revolution per minutes). When the test tube was
removed, the supernatant was discarded while 2-3 drops of the deposit were dropped on clean
glass slide, it was covered with cover slip, and it was then examined under the microscope using
10 x and 40 x objective lens.

0BSERVATION: It was observed that urine parasites such as; Trichomonas virginals,
Trichomonas hominess, Schistosoma haematobium, e.t.c. were seen in patient’s urine.

4.2 STOOL MICROSCOPY

It carried out to know the parasite responsible for abnormal state of human intestine
with the aid microscope.

AIM: To investigate the intestinal parasite.

MATERIALS: Stool sample, normal saline, applicator stick and microscope

PROCEDURE: Some few drops of normal saline was pipette and a drop was placed on the
grease free slide, little portion on the stool sample was picked with the applicator stick and was
emulsified on the drop of normal saline and view on the microscope using 10X and 40X
objective lens respectively.

OBSERVATION/RESULT: It observed that, intestinal Parasite such as ascarislumbricoides, Ova

ofschistosomamasonic, hook worm, Giardia lamblia, Trichuristrichira, etc. are the agents that
cause intestinal disturbances.

4.3 OCCULT BLOOD TEST

This is carried out using occult blood strip. It is a test to investigate the presence of Ulcer
in patients. The test is carried out in stool sample of the patient after spending three days
without eating foods, fruit and drugs that contain iron or can increase the level of blood, such
as vegetables, meat, oranges, vitamin C etc.
AIM: To carry out occult-blood test.

MATERIALS: Sterilized sample container, occult-blood strip and buffer.

PTOCEDURE: Stool sample container was given to the patient and the procedure for providing
the sample was explained.

Occult-blood strip was dipped into the stool sample provided and was removed and placed
horizontally on a sterilized working bench.

2 drops of buffer was added to the spot area to alter the reaction.

OBSERVATION: It was observed that the appearance of two band red lines indicated a positive
result, while the appearance of the single red line indicated negative result.

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0 SUMMARY/CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

5.1 SUMMARY

This report is stressed academic program given to a student opportunity to match

together the theoretical aspects which he/she learned in the class room with practical aspect. It
also helps smooth transition of student from class room in to the labor market. It also helps the

student of tertiary institutions to familiarize themselves with environmental and express them

needed experience in handling machineries and equipment which may not be available in the

schools.

5.2 CONCLUSION

My industrial training at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano state has proving me what

SIWES means all the experience I gained during my training in the department of micro biology

station actually gave me knowledge on how to identify some sign and symptoms of some

diseases and also their treatment. Finally I appreciate ITF management both for making this

training possible for consultancy program.

5.3 RECOMMENDATION

Base on my experience during my industrial training I recommended that the industrial

training (SIWES). Should be made compulsory for all students in tertiary institutions so as to

motivate them in practical aspect. These are the only way student can benefit and developing

technical skills on the various fields, and the SIWES allowances should be given to the student

after their SIWES in order to encourage them to participate in the industrial training.

I also want to forward my appreciation to my family member and course mate for their

advice, encouragement academically and moral support. More especially Isah Ibrahim Mai,

Suwaiba Halilu, Peter Maina Gali, Michael James, Mustapha Ibrahim, Peace Thomas, Migrate

Gabriel.

REFEERENCES:

- F.J. Baker R E. Silverton (1985) introduction to medical laboratory technology. Sixth Education

butter works.
-ssMonica Chees Brough ( ) Medical laboratory manual for tropical countries; volume i and ii.

- Google search https://www.webmd.com