A D V A N C E D F O U R

Written Final Exam is 120-question long. 15 Points

July 23rd or July 26th

Writing: Essay. 5 Points

Oral Exams:

First on July 12th: Invent a story (5 minutes minimum)

Second on July 22nd: graduation-like exam (exposition 8 minutes minimum)

Open House: I need you to think about possible topics to prepare.

Cheering up people who have experienced depression, anxiety or panicking.

Activities that can help people distress, relax, calm down, etc. especially in the
context of the lock-down and the situation we are going through.

Diego: petting therapy

Dome: exercising

Erika: traveling

Cami: meditation

MaGus: mindfulness

Ernesto: tele-therapy

Mateo: music therapy

Ely: Friendship

Keyla: writing

Salome: heavy blanket therapy

Nicky: dancing
 F O R - T O - T H R O U G H - B Y

FOR: express reason, introduce nouns, time expression.

Fenton has been really angry FOR what you told him.

Trae dislikes seafood FOR its smell.

Gary decided to divorce his wife FOR she cheated on him.

I want to buy some flowers FOR my wife.

FOR all the years serving people in the best way, Julie was awarded an honor medal by the
congress.

We have been studying at Cendia FOR almost a year.

My grandpa was in coma FOR around 2 months.

TO: express intention, purpose. To indicate direction. Introduce and connect verbs in simple
form. Introduce nouns (indirect objects)

Rene is buying flowers TO make up with his wife for forgetting her birthday.

Gloria sent her children to her parents´ house TO prepare for her thesis defense.

Erika´s brother in law traveled TO China for 2 months before the pandemic.

Dome´s cousin needs the password to the platform TO review her scores.

Julie would have liked TO come to the party, but her parents decide TO send her TO Argentina
for a course.

I had TO learn Hebrew TO communicate with my grandparents.

Please, listen TO me. I need you TO give this TO your mother.

THROUGH: way, manner or form to do something. NOUNS.

Sandra learned to cook THROUGH recipe books.

Fred tried to fix the machine THROUGH his cousin´s help.

It was possible to catch the criminal THROUGH the intense investigation we did.

Juan Leon Mera taught himself to read and write THROUGH her mom´s books.

We can see easily THROUGH the glass, but no THROUGH the walls.

The Hulk can walk THROUGH walls.

The police car is going THROUGH the tunnel this moment.

We have to read the book from page 4 THROUGH page 122.

Rita received the letter THROUGH the postal service.

We can get a lot of information THROUGH the internet.

Hillary learned about her teacher´s death THROUGH the news.

BY: way, manner or form to do something. GERUNDS. Preposition of place: near. Means of..,
to introduce the agent of passive voice.

Rita received the letter BY Fedex.

We can get a lot of information BY Social Media.

Hillary learned about her teacher´s death BY Twitter.

Diane learned and improved her fluency in English BY talking to an American friend.

We can go to that place BY walking it isn’t far from here.

The article was signed BY all the members of the group that worked on it.

Cendia is located BY Baca Ortiz Hospital.

Tourists that couldn’t board the train to Oshawa may be taken to their destination BY bus in a few
minutes. Please, walk to Gate 5.

Omar learned to swim BY practicing a lot.

HOMEWORK: 5 SENTENCES WITH EACH OF THESE PREPOSITIONS: FOR, TO, THROUGH and
BY.

WOULD RATHER…?

I would rather drink whisky than rum.

Diego would rather eat beef to eat seafood.

Keyla would rather go to the beach than the mountain.

WOULD RATHER WITH DIFFERENT SUBJECTS

SUBJECT1 WOULD RATHER SUBJECT2 VERB IN PAST COMPLEMENT.

Ricardo WOULD RATHER Samantha DID the dishes because he has a lot of work to do and she is
on vacations.

Diego sometimes takes a lot of time to explain something. MaGus WOULD RATHER he WAS more
concrete when he explains his ideas.

Esteban WOULD RATHER his uncle COOKED when he visits them because his aunt cooks badly.

Diego´s dad WOULD RATHER Diego FOUND a girl and SETTLED down.

Vanessa WOULD RATHER her mom SPENT more time with her.

Ely WOULD RATHER her son DID his homework in the afternoon instead of doing it in the evening.

Camila WOULD RATHER her best-friend TRAVELED to study in Spain to marry that guy.

Alba´s father WOULD RATHER she DRANK tea than coffee.

Erika´s mom WOULD RATHER her sister CAME to visit her soon.

Domenyka WOULD RATHER her dog SLEPT with than outside in the cold.

Ernesto WOULD RATHER his boss DEALT with his stock-holder partner.
Monica WOULD RATHER her husband CHOSE a different model of car because she prefers SUV
´s to pick up´s.

Teresa WOULD RATHER her son DROVE more carefully at night.

Salome WOULD RATHER her teachers WERE more patient in class.

Ana WOULD RATHER her sister PLAYED with her and BUILT a snowman with her.

Elsa WOULD RATHER her parents DIDN’T travel.

Ana WOULD RATHER her sister WENT out of the room and was more time with her.

Elsa WOULD RATHER everybody WAS far from her.

I WOULD RATHER they DIDN’T go that way in the trip.

The taxi driver WOULD RATHER the passengers FASTENED the seatbelt to have a safe ride.

My cousin WOULD RATHER my uncle TOOK him to the farm than to the park.

We WOULD RATHER the pandemic WAS over before Christmas.

I WOULD RATHER my wife WAS fond of Nirvana.

Diana WOULD RATHER her son DIDN’T spend much time on his cellphone.

Salome WOULD RATHER her sister DIDN’T get upset all the time.

I WOULD RATHER my dad DIDN’T go to work tonight.

Ana WOULD RATHER her sister at least TALKED to her.

Erika WOULD RATHER her friend TRAVELED to France this year because it is her dream.

Their father WOULD RATHER Elsa LEARNED to control her powers.

Ely WOULD RATHER her son RODE a bike more frequently than played on the cellphone.
 IT IS TIME – IT IS HIGH TIME – IT IS ABOUT TIME

IT IS TIME SUBJECT Vpast COMPLEMENT

It is time I paid more attention to the class.

It is high time Diego understood the class.

It is time he answered a question correctly.

It is about time Yunda left the City Hall.

It is time he took over his father´s company.

It is time he pulled through all his problems with a doctor´s help.

Ronald is 51 years old and he still lives with his parents.

IT IS ABOUT TIME HE MOVED OUT OF HIS PARENTS´ HOUSE.

He also has been going out with his girlfriend Rita for 25 years.

IT IS HIGH TIME HE MARRIED TO RITA WHO´S BEEN HIS GIRLFRIEND FOR 25

YEARS.

Maduro has been running Venezuela badly since 2013.

IT´S HIGH TIME MADURO WAS OVERTHROWN.

Tiffany and Dorothy have been fighting for Douglas since 2008.

IT IS ABOUT TIME THEY STOPPED FIGHTING FOR HIM.

I believe IT IS HIGH TIME scientists DEVELOPED definite vaccine and medicine for Covid-19.

There has been a big hole on Main Street for two weeks. There have been several accidents and a
number of damaged tires. IT IS ABOUT TIME the authorities FIXED that problem.

IT IS ABOUT TIME you CAME here I´ve been waiting for over an hour and you don’t come up.

IT WAS TIME ~ IT WAS ABOUT TIME

IT WAS TIME SUBJECT HAD Vppf COMPLEMENT

When a solution to a problem finally happened or when something you believed necessary to happen
had already happened.

You know I heard about the hole on Main Street was finally fixed yesterday. IT WAS ABOUT
TIME they HAD FIXED it.

Ronald, 51, finally moved to his own house last weekend. IT WAS TIME he HAD GOTTEN more
independent.
He also married Rita last Sunday. IT WAS ABOUT TIME they HAD MARRIED after so many years
of being a couple.

IT WAS ABOUT TIME vaccines ARRIVED in Ecuador.

My dad finally retired. IT WAS TIME he HAD GOTTEN the legal time to do it.

IT WAS TIME Sandra HAD COME back. We all were waiting for her to blow the candles and cut
the cake.

IT WAS ABOUT TIME the situation in Ecuador HAD GOTTEN better.

Now, we are finally home. IT WAS TIME we HAD COME back from my uncle´s house.

IT WAS ABOUT TIME you HAD COME. It was tiring to wait for you.

IT WAS ABOUT TIME the teacher HAD TOLD me my examples are good.

HOMEWORK: BOOK 3 PAGE 50 AND WRITE 3 SENTENCES WITH “IT IS TIME”

HOMEWORK: PAGE 48

All the stuff he told you WAS false.

 AS IF / AS THOUGH

We use AS IF or AS THOUGH with a sentence in past to refer about an unreal

thing, in present.

I think I´m taking an umbrella and my coat because it looks AS IF IT WAS GOING TO RAIN.

Tom and Susan are just good friends, but they are acting AS THOUGH THEY WERE A COUPLE.

Edna is asking about the cost of that car AS IF SHE HAD MONEY TO AFFORD IT.

Lindsay shouted at us really badly last night. AS IF SHE WAS OUR MOTHER.

Politicians talk to us AS THOUGH WE DIDN’T KNOW HOW CORRUPT THEY ARE.

Sometimes we are a mess AS IF WE HAD OUR LIFE BOUGHT.

My dad is very quiet now AS IF HE WAS WORRIED ABOUT SOMETHING.

Richard had an enormous lunch just 10 minutes ago and he has ordered a giant burger for him, AS
THOUGH HE WAS STARVING.
My aunt bought too many balloons AS IF SHE WAS GOING TO USE THEM ALL.

He isn’t a child anymore, but sometimes you talk to him AS IF HE WAS A CHILD.

Wow! Those sunglasses look expensive AS IF THEY WERE EXCLUSIVE.

-Really!!? I bought them in a dollar store in Miami last month.

That child was screaming and crying so loud AS IF HE WAS SUFFERING FROM AN ACCIDENT.

The lady in red hit Mark really hard AS THOUGH SHE HAD A PROBLEM WITH HIM.

Kelly treated her boyfriend AS IF SHE WAS HIS MOM.

We use AS IF or AS THOUGH with a sentence in PAST PERFECT to refer about an

unreal thing, in past.

Louise ate sushi in Frank´s party AS IF SHE HAD NEVER EATEN SUSHI IN HER LIFE.

The lady in red hit Mark really hard AS THOUGH HE HAD DONE SOMETHING TERRIBLE TO
HER.

Gorky got extremely happy and excited when he saw Susan AS IF THEY HADN´T EVER SEEN
EACH OTHER FOR LONG TIME, but they go to the same school.

Lucio was presidential candidate this year AS IF HE HADN´T BEEN OVERTHROWN FOR
CORRUPTION SCANDALS.

When Pontius Pilatus asked people for whom to release, people supported Barrabas AS IF HE HAD
BEEN BETTER THAN JESUS.

Mikaela ran out of her room so fast AS IF SHE HAD SEEN A GHOST.

He seems AS IF HE HADN´T SLEPT FOR DAYS.

 Phrasal Verbs – Advanced 4

A guy ran over some people that were on the bus stop because he wanted to kill his ex. Now, he is
in prison paying a life sentence. Thanks to God, nobody was seriously injured.

MaJoe´s dog passed away when a car ran it over.

MaJoe´s dog was run over by a car and it passed away.

The tickets for Maroon 5´s concert were sold out in a week when they performed in Quito in 2016.

The bookstores sold your new book out in 2 days.

At the beginning of the pandemic, the toilet paper was sold out.

Mr. Angel Vega and Mrs. Aida Barragan set Cendia up on February 13th 1978.

The criminal set the victim up offering to give her a lot of money in exchange of her antiques.

We set the mouse up by using cheese and a heavy pot.

Charlie Chaplin was an English Silent Comedy actor, born in London, who settled down in
Switzerland in 1963 with his fourth wife.

If you had the chance, where would you settle down and why?

If I were you, I would settle down before I talk to our boss.

How can you tell me to settle down when I have just seen my girlfriend hitting my cat?

Rick likes to show off his new clothes when he has a family reunion.

There was a scandal some years ago because Justin Timberlake accidentally tore Janet Jackson´s
top showing off her breast.

MaGus has finally showed up in classes today, after 2 days.

Do you think Diego is going to show up today?

According to the History, nobody stood a chance to kill Hitler.

We study English for the purpose of standing better chances in our professional or personal lives.

The England Football Team stands a big chance to win an international tournament after 55
years.

What does WHO stand for? It stands for World Health Organization.

The rainbow stands for the alliance between God and humans.

The clover (shamrock) stands for good luck.

Lawyers have to stand up for some bad people sometimes.

I am ready to stand up for my family.

I couldn´t believe that President Moreno stood up for us.

Diego stood up for Sarah when that big dog wanted to bite her ear.

Lesslie´s mother took her mobile away yesterday because she had been staying up very late
before.

Staying up late interferes with children growing.

When you become a parent there are times when you stay up taking care of your children.

Many people have taken advantage of the emergency to benefit themselves or their friends.

Some corrupt lawyers take advantage of people´s ignorance to make money.

A swimming teacher was sent to jail because he took advantage of some of his students at school.

We have to take advantage of the Sun in summer in order to get the clothes dried.

Let´s take advantage of the next holiday and visit your grandparents in Riobamba.

Who do you take after, your father or your mother?

I think that I take after both of them.

Mother: if you don´t do the dishes and fix lunch today, I swear to God I´m going to take your
computer away. Mateo: No, please. Come on! Don´t be so strict. I promise I´ll do everything you
want.

There are moments when the grief is so deep that only GOD can take it away.

Teresa took a pair of shoes back because they didn´t fit her. Online shopping isn´t a good option
sometimes.

I´m going to take this cellphone back right now. It doesn’t work properly.

I take my words back! I´m really sorry about what I said.

Michelle didn’t have any right to talk to you like that! I´m going to make her take her words back
and apologize to you in front of the whole school.

Andrea took a clock apart when she was a child and when she tried to put it back together she had
some pieces left out of it.

I need to take the coffee maker apart to wash it well.

Criminals steal cars to take them down and sell the parts.

China took down the hospital they built in 10 days last year after the pandemic finished there.
Oscar lost his new watch because he took his mom´s advice for granted. She told him not to wear
it when going to play at the park.

Teenagers usually take their parents´ words for granted and they regret later.

Many people take their health for granted until they get really sick.

When the earthquake hit Manabi in 2016, many people were taken in some schools nearby.

Deyaneira is such a nice girl that she takes street dogs in when they are near her house. That´s
why, she has 23 dogs in her house.

It is really late and you have been drinking quite a bit. We had better take you in for the night and
you can go home tomorrow when you are sober.

Reese was thankful to us for taking her into account in the new project.

Do your parents take you into account to make familiar decisions?

Fred took his jacket off because it was too hot in the hall.

When Hillary´s airplane took off, her parents and boyfriend cried sadly. She will live in Italy for 5
years.

Please, fasten your seatbelts during taking off and landing procedures, and also while the seatbelt
light is on.

This party is boring! I´m going to take off. See you tomorrow.

When the president of a country travels abroad, the vice-president takes over the country.

Taking over the control of a family is a matter of comprehension, making decisions and being
centered.

Where did the modern Olympic Games take place for first time?

A horrible event took place in Quito 13 years ago. Do you remember “Factory”?

Do you know if the Olympic Games are taking place in Japan this year?

The last time I drove to Zamora from Quito, a friend and I took turns to drive because the way is
very long.

Students and teachers should take turns to say examples.

We take turns to disinfect the bathrooms in my house.

Many people have taken something new up during the quarantine; some started cooking, others
doing exercise, etc.

The first computer took up an entire room.

Wendy would like to take piano lessons up next year?

When you have a marriage problem the first thing and best thing to do is to talk it over to try to
solve it yourselves.

Talking over the same and the same is not going to get us to any place unless we call your mom to
help us because she knows about this.

You can tear a person apart with your eyes; that´s why, you need to settle down before making a
huge mistake and any possible harm.

These foolish games are tearing me apart and your thoughtless words are breaking my heart.

In a car accident, the whole car can be torn apart.

Nowadays, England is tearing coal pipes down because they are trying to eliminate the coal-
activated energy from their system.

Some houses and buildings had to be torn down after the earthquake in Pedernales in 2016.

Francesca was so upset that she tore a vase up when she slammed it against the wall.

When Daniela broke up with Tim, she tore up all his letters and pictures with him.

NO PHRASAL VERB IS SEPARABLE IN PASSIVE VOICE

Can you tell apart between an acid and a base?

Donald and Ronald are identical twins. It´s really hard to tell them apart.

Can you tell voices apart?

Do you remember why your mother told you off the last time?

Fernanda was told off because she was smoking in her bedroom.

When Mike proposed Rita to marry him, she didn´t have to think it over. Her immediate answer
was a big YES!

Hank had to think over his final decision about his testament. He didn´t want to be unfair with his
children.

Don’t think it over!!! Just say yes or no. We are deciding which pizza to buy. It isn’t a life-changing
decision.

Throwing garbage away while driving or from a car in movement should be sanctioned really
drastically.

In order to save the planet, scientists recommend that we not throw some objects away, but to
reuse and recycle them.

Don’t throw your money away with those guys! You should be smarter.
The baby threw up because his aunt overfed him.

For the purpose of buying a big house, we have decided to trade in our house as part of the down
payment.

Kyle traded his bike in to buy a new one.

Many people trade stuff in on line nowadays.

Before buying clothes, it is highly recommendable to try them on.

After trying on many clothes, Rita bought some of them.

Russia is trying out an experimental medicine for Covid-19 this month.

Some companies try people out before they sign a definite contract. ---

Soccer teams try players to-be out in January

People go to Quito and Guayaquil in December and January to try out for a big soccer team.

Ashton Kutcher got a place in a series when he accompanied a friend of his to try out for a place
on it. He didn´t mean to try out for it, but he got the place in the show.

Rose turned down Jim´s offer to go to the Prom because she liked Ted and she went with him to
the dance.

When I listen to music, my mom usually asks me to turn it down because my stereo is too high for
her.

Turning the stereo down was the only thing I wanted my brother to do, but he didn’t want to.

I turned in my last piece of homework late, so I didn´t get a good score.

A woman found a bag with 450000 dollars in front of her house, she decided to turn it in to the
nearest police station and find its owner. Later, she received a reward from the money´s owner
and the city gave her children full scholarships till university.

Metamorphosis is the story of a man who turned into a monster.

Last government has turned out to be the worst ever in the history of the country.

Pluto turned out to be a gaseous planet that can expand and contract.

Patty is crying really badly because the man that offered her turned out to be a fraud.

When making an omelette, you have to turn it over in order to have an equal cooking on both sides.

When the president has to be absent, the management is turned over to the vice president.

It´s better to turn off the lights when the luminosity turns up itself.
Everybody got happy when the missing kid turned up after two days.

When the Covid-19 turned up, many people didn’t believe it was so serious as it has become.

Manuela Saenz walked out on her husband to follow and live with Simon Bolivar.

Some parents were forced to walk out on their children because of the crisis in 1999-2000.

Would you walk out on your family? Why?

Do you remember how many times your parents waited up for you to arrive home when you were
younger?

Some children try to wait up for Santa to come on Christmas´ Eve.

I remember that I used to have a beautiful pair of shoes when I was 14. I wore the sole away in 3
months because I used to play basketball with them every day.

The soil wears away when people deforest vast extensions of land.

There was a big problem on the road to Coca last month because the Montana River wore the river
basin away and there was a slide that blocked the transit to and out of Coca.

The patient was calm until the anaesthesia wore off.

Adrenaline is produced when our brain is stimulated in a dangerous situation, but when this
hormone wears off, the body may feel extremely tired.

Children and teenagers usually wear clothes out when they are their favourite.

I was so worn out that I didn´t even eat anything. I just went straight to my bed. (worn
out=exhausted)

It isn´t recommendable to work out outdoors nowadays.

I love my wife and I know that we can work any problem out if we fight together.

Reading out loud is the best exercise to work up speaking skills and pronunciation together with
listening.

I think I´m going to work my essay up before I give it in.

When Jennifer realized that a deep feeling was working up in her heart for John, she decided to
get away from him because he is married.

When two people start to work a feeling up, they will notice it, but they won´t stop it.
 I N V E R S I O N S

NOT ONLY…BUT ALSO: additional info.(affirmative info)

Kelly loves sushi and she can prepare it really well.

NOT ONLY DOES Kelly love sushi, BUT ALSO she can prepare it really well.

Rose has bought a new car recently. She has changed the furniture in her house.

NOT ONLY HAS Rose bought a new car, BUT ALSO she has changed the furniture in her
house.

Faustino Lemus Rayo was a mercenary. He killed Garcia Moreno.

NOT ONLY WAS Faustino Lemus a mercenary, BUT ALSO he killed Garcia Moreno.

Peter brought a lot of chicken today. He seasoned it with garlic, mustard and lemon.

NOT ONLY DID Peter bring a lot of chicken today, BUT ALSO he seasoned it with garlic,
mustard and lemon.

Lorena is traveling to Sweden today. She is taking her sister with her.

NOT ONLY IS Lorena traveling to Sweden today, BUT ALSO she is taking her sister with
her.

NEITHER … NOR: negative info.

Susan doesn’t live in Korea. She has never been there.

NEITHER DOES Susan live in Korea NOR she has ever been there.

Hugo didn’t love Rita. He didn’t even like her.

NEITHER DID Hugo love Rita NOR he even liked her.

Irene was never sick. She didn’t know about your sickness.

NEITHER WAS Irene sick NOR she knew about your sickness.

Pilar hasn’t gotten married yet. She isn’t going out with anybody.

NEITHER HAS Pilar gotten married yet NOR she is going out with anybody.

Mexico doesn’t have four seasons. They don’t experience so extreme temperatures.

NEITHER DOES Mexico have four seasons NOR they experience so extreme temperatures.

Nicola Tesla was unappreciated by many people. Many of his inventions weren’t used at all.
 NEITHER WAS Nicola Tesla appreciated by many people NOR many of his inventions were
used at all.

NO SOONER … THAN ~ as soon as

As soon as Michael Jackson died, his records tripled and even increased their value in four or five
times.

NO SOONER DID Michael Joseph die, THAN his records tripled and even increased their
value in four or five times.

Alison started crying as soon as she heard the bad news.

NO SOONER DID Alison hear the bad news THAN she started crying.

M. Jordan became astronomically rich for his Nike contract as soon as the Air models were
brought out.

NO SOONER WERE the Air models brought out THAN MJ became astronomically rich for
his Nike contract.

The teacher speaks a lot as soon as you ask him about historical stuff.

NO SOONER DO you ask the teacher about historical stuff THAN the teacher speaks a lot.

Tyra refused to go to the parade as soon as she knew Henry was going to be there.

NO SOONER DID Tyra know Henry was going to be there THAN she refused to go to the
parade.

NO SOONER DID the Delta variant appear in Ecuador THAN the government restricted the
office work in GYE.

HOMEWORK: WRITE 2 SENTENCES WITH EACH INVERSION.

 E V E R W O R D S

WHOEVER ~ WHOMEVER: any person that.

As it is your birthday party, you can invite WHOEVER you want.

WHOEVER trespasses this bound will be arrested or shot in extreme case.

Tina likes to talk to WHOMEVER knows about Astronomy.

Tania was waiting for WHOMEVER could tell her something about her grandma´s condition in the
hospital.

Diego is identified with WHOMEVER likes Dua Lipa.

WHOEVER is ready to tell me the example, just do it.

Diego likes to debate with WHOMEVER knows about national politics.

MaGus agrees with WHOMEVER respects human rights.

WHOEVER thinks violence is an option is wrong.

Jail should be the destination for WHOMEVER has committed a crime.

Do you think WHOEVER kills a person deserves to die?

WHOEVER can approach the throne without being assassinated will be the next king.

WHOEVER goes to the shop, do not shoplift please!

WHATEVER: any thing that

WHATEVER you do, do not speak about soccer with Tim. He gets angry.

You cannot take WHATEVER you want. First, make sure you are allowed to do it.

He was so happy that he could do WHATEVER I proposed.

You have to be careful with WHATEVER you hear in the office.

WHATEVER you say here will stay here.

Melissa can eat WHATEVER she wants as long as it isn’t junk food. The doctor told her.

I don’t eat WHATEVER she cooks.

WHATEVER you do don’t lose your sense of humor.

Drug addict people can do WHATEVER it takes to get more.

Do you think you have WHATEVER it takes to be in the president´s place?

They can choose WHATEVER before time runs out.

WHICHEVER + object

Not WHICHEVER advice is worth listening.

I don’t like to eat WHICHEVER food. I would rather starve for a while than eating WHATEVER
because it is cheap.

Elena did WHICHEVER business so easily that nobody believed she could do that.

You cannot trust in WHICHEVER person that promises something.

You are not going to fall in love with WHICHEVER guy tells you they love you.

It isn’t a good idea to buy a dog when you can adopt WHICHEVER stranded dog.

You can’t do WHICHEVER project without your boss’ supervision or authorization.

WHICHEVER jacket is ok. We are just going to the corner.

Not WHICHEVER jacket is good for winter.

WHICHEVER beach in Ecuador is good.

WHEREVER: any place that

Many people would like to go WHEREVER after all the months of lock-down

WHEREVER we are is a beautiful place if we are together.

WHEREVER you go, I will always take care of you.

WHEREVER you go, I’ll be with you.

You cannot stay WHEREVER you want! If you are in Quito you will always have a place in my house.

WHEREVER Jennifer is, please tell her to come immediately.

WHENEVER: any time that

You can call me WHENEVER you need to talk to me.

You cannot give in homework WHENEVER you want!

I could sleep WHENEVER I wanted when I was a child.

While you are living in my house, you cannot leave WHENEVER you feel like doing so.

You can buy fresh fruit in Ecuador WHENEVER you want.

WHOSEVER + object: posessives.

WHOSEVER car parked in front will be towed away by the police.

Rose likes to read WHOSEVER book about biology.

The director came to our class to check the homework. He wanted to see WHOSEVER book to
review the topic.

It doesn’t matter WHOSEVER child you are, you must show you are the one for this position.

WHOSEVER idea it was, it is perfect for our new marketing campaign.

This isn’t your book, Diego. WHOSEVER book it is, you should give it in.

You must have your own ideas and way of thinking. You shouldn’t be repeating WHOSEVER ideas
you hear or read.

WHOSEVER shoes are these, it is about time you shone them. They are too dirty.

She dialed WHOSEVER number she found because she was being kidnapped.

HOWEVER: in any way/manner/form that

I don’t know how my grandma made pristiños. HOWEVER she made them, they were absolutely
tasty.

In Mathematics, you cannot solve problem HOWEVER you want, there are processes to follow.

You cannot drive HOWEVER you want, there are laws to follow.

HOWEVER she moves, she dances pretty well.

When working in a chemical laboratory, there are certain rules and important points to follow.
Doing things HOWEVER you think they are, may end up in a serious mess.

There isn’t a dressing code for tonight’s party. You can dress HOWEVER you want.

You have to tell the truth HOWEVER you want to do it.

Escuela Quiteña artists made fantastic masterpieces HOWEVER they made them. WHICHEVER
technique they used had a wonderful result.

The senior students want to travel to Galapagos at the end of the year. I told them they can get
the money by themselves. They can get it HOWEVER they imagine.
 S U F F I X E S

ION – ATION – CATION: Verbs into nouns

Ecuador’s kind of EDUCATION is not so successful as Finland’s. Educate - education

CONGRATULATION letters are usually given to express sympathy, joy and happiness.

Tim didn’t understand English well when he used TRANSLATION as an option.

New cars usually have an EXONERATION period.

When REFRIGERATION systems appeared, the chain of food production started to be massive.

These computers have been subject to inexpert MANIPULATION.

Some animal species are facing EXTERMINATION and EXTINCTION because of human activities.

I watched some videos about people who have endured DISCRIMINATION.

For her effort and DEDICATION, Ms. Lopez deserves this RECOGNITION.

There were many violent DEMONSTRATIONS in October 2019.

Can you send me your LOCATION? I will pick up asap.

There is a gigantic CONGREGATION of Muslim people to the Meca every year.

There are some reasons that can end up in the TERMINATION of the contract. Please, read them
before making any DECISION.

Let’s make a RESERVATION in the hotel we usually stay in Esmeraldas every year, shall we?

The PRESERVATION and COSERVATION of Natural Reserves is in charge of the government and
armed forces.

Caterpillars undergo a great TRANSFORMATION in their last chrysalis phase.

ADDICTIONS are a way of escaping that our brain has.

Cuenca has gone through a deep MODERNIZATION process and its results are extraordinary.

The president spoke about PRIVATIZATION in some strategic areas.

The REALIZATION of the event was in charge of Tamara. It was a perfect night.

The government is not interested in the NATIONALIZATION of some companies.

I owe you an EXPLANATION about why I left your house so suddenly.

In the evolution theory, the most important feature is the ADAPTATION.

The DOLLARIZATION was the best decision to make in our country, although it was made really
late.

I want to have a CONVERSATION, that I didn’t have with my dad, with my son before he turns 12.

IMPROVISATION isn’t good when defending or exposing orally.

The EDIFICATION of the new bridge will be in charge of the City Hall. edify

Your IDENTIFICATION card is a must for any public or private transaction, assistance or
paperwork. identify

That oil company should pay a large amount of money as an INDEMNIFICATION for the families
who have lost their peace. Indemnify

I received a NOTIFICATION to get the Covid-19 vaccine from HR dept.

Some food have genetic MODIFICATION from companies that seek only their benefit.

The university APPLICATION must be handed in by December 12 th.

Petro Ecuador has to measure the QUANTIFICATION of oil loss in the fire last weekend.

Richard Carapaz received GLORIFICATION for the gold medal he won last Saturday.

There have been serious IMPLICATIONS in the planet and the life in it.

Instead of giving money away, you should give a job for people prefer DIGNIFICATION and a
stable job nowadays.

The telescopes use giant glasses. The MAGNIFICATION of it is tremendous.

Her MAGNIFICATION of the accident was so incredibly manipulating that everyone believed her
story.

DOM

The Spanish KINGDOM was the most powerful in Western Europe.

In the History books, it is said that Bolivar gave his life for the FREEDOM of 6 countries.
The knowledge is fed by curiosity, but WISDOM is fed by experience.

There are Countless registers of MARTYRDOM during Franco’s regime in Spain.

BOREDOM can help you create something.

HOOD

BROTHERHOOD, FATHERHOOD AND MOTHERHOOD are values that we should learn at home.

BOYHOOD and GIRLHOOD are contained in CHILDHOOD.

The FALSEHOOD of his words was so evident that the jury has already made a decision.

MENT

The new GOVERNMENT had an issue with the money that Olympic athletes didn’t receive in time

The early PAYMENT of your housing taxes is rewarded with a 10% in the first 2 weeks of the
year.

The witness’ STATEMENT was taken by an experienced lawyer and now is part of the proof
against the corrupt lawmakers.

Ecuador and Peru got to an ARRANGEMENT in 1998 finally.

Universal Studios has prepared a lot of new attractions because your ENJOYMENT is our moto.

Matilde Hidalgo led a MOVEMENT to get equal rights for women in Ecuador.

Diego has an APPOINTMENT with the doctor this week. He has to check it.

The AGREEMENT was signed this morning.

Your ENTERTAINMENT is our goal. Welcome to Disney World.

Ecologists have good ARGUMENTS to reduce carbon emissions.

The new MANAGEMENT has made some changes in the company with the hope of avoiding internal
ARGUMENTS between departments.

The ABANDONMENT of a child can cause irreversible psychological damage.

 ACADEMIC WRITING

HOW TO WRITE AN ESSAY

Getting ideas to start writing about the topic you are asked to.

Brainstorming

Synonyms

Environmental Education

Importance of environment

Human effect on environment

Environmental awareness in kids

Structure of the essay

Introduction. First paragraph

Body. Develop the ideas you introduce in the first paragraph. 3 paragraphs

Conclusion. Closing Paragraph. (only here you can speak in first person: I think, I recommend…)

Each paragraph is going to have 10 to 12 lines.

Arial 12 in a Normal Word document.

1,5 between lines

Indent each first line.

Justified text.

Print and spiral bound the papers.

Front page

CENDIA CA
 TOPICS FOR THE GRADUATION EXAM

INDEX

i. Death Penalty in Ecuador …………………………………………………………………………………………… 1

ii. Euthanasia ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4

iii. My life during lock-down ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 7

FABIAN ROBERTO FIGUEROA HERRERA

OCTOBER 2021

QUITO – ECUADOR

DEATH PENALTY IN ECUADOR

Thinking of the possibility to have the application of the Death Penalty in our country is an
immense load of information to look for and a great many of arguments to oppose or to support
it. The termination of the existence of a person shouldn’t be in hands of other persons, but what
about the many cases we know when a criminal does something terrible or cruel to somebody.
On the other hand, there might be innocent people facing this law and maybe without a chance
to defend themselves for lack of economic resources or the influence that may be at play in
some cases pushing to get the law applied. Not only does our country have a lot of cultural
problems, but also there is too much corruption in powerful strategic institutions. We must also
think about the voices that will be raised to favor or disfavor this law: social, religious,
indigenous nationalities, human rights organizations, etc. Hence, talking about is not an easy
task to do, yet it is a must to think about it.