COURT

Definition

is a body of people presided over by a judge, judges, or magistrate, and acting as a

tribunal in civil and criminal cases.

court, also called court of law, a person or body of persons having judicial authority to

hear and resolve disputes in civil, criminal, ecclesiastical, or military cases. The
word court, which originally meant simply an enclosed place, also denotes the chamber,
hall, building, or other place where judicial proceedings are held. (See also military
law; arbitration).

But the people may be confused to differentiate court and Judiciary,

The judiciary is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in the name of
the state. The judiciary also provides a mechanism for the resolution of disputes. Under
the doctrine of the separation of powers, the judiciary generally does not make law or
enforce law, but rather interprets law and applies it to the facts of each case.

Type Of Court In Tanzania

Constitution Court

The special constitution court in Africa is the apex court in the country of Tanzania and
is a court which is only especially held when there is a dispute between the Zanzibar
area and the Tanzania Mainland. In the history of the union of Zanzibar and
Tanganyika, the special constitutional court has never been formed. It hasn’t been
formed in spite of the disagreements on the nature of union and interpretation of the
union.

The Court of Appeal of the United Republic of Tanzania

This is the highest court for the united republic of Tanzania and has jurisdiction over
those appeals which arise from the high court of Tanzania and the High court of
Zanzibar.
High Court of Tanzania Mainland

The highest level court beside the special constitutional court in mainland Tanzania is
Tanzania High Court. There are separate high courts for Mainland Tanzania and
Zanzibar which handle the civil and criminal cases of both regions separately. The high
courts in Tanzania mainland are further subdivided into three parts which are given as
follows:

The Commercial Court-this court handles all commercial appeals.

The Land Court-this court solves all those disputes which are related to land, property
and real estate in mainland Tanzania.

The Labor Court-this court is responsible for hearing and resolving all employment
related cases and disputes.

The high courts in Tanzania have registries in Moshi, Tanga, Arusha, Iringa, Bukoba,
Dodoma, Mbeya,Tabora and other regions and all of these registries have their own
resident judges.

High Court of Zanzibar

Unlike the high court of the Mainland, there is just one division of high court in Zanzibar
region of the country. This court has registry in Pemba and in Zanzibar but the registry
in Pemba does not have a resident judge.

The roles Of Court.

To protect people under the law; The court helps people to get protection under the
law so that they can enjoy their constitutional rights.

To make fare judgment; People depend on the court for fair judgment as all of their
cases are heard by the juries and/or neutral judges when their cases are presented in
the civil court as well as criminal court.

To forum offered by the court settles up disputes; and also to is examines or judges
and also enforces the laws within a rational and fair manner.

To give an impartial judgment; People get an impartial judgment by the court and the
judges can deliver their judgments according to the law independently. The judges are
not depended on the desire of the state or public opinion, but they have to consider
human rights according to the constitution of the country.

To make final decisions; The court always takes final decisions on the basis of the law
regarding the matter and the evidence which has been proved. The court doesn’t
consider any kind of intuition, prejudice or partiality.

To do are justice; The major reason for the court existence is to do justice, to
strengthen social law and order, to ensure liberty of the people, to control the rule
according to the law, to settle up disputes among the people, to offer protection equally
to all the citizens within the country without considering background and to confirm the
due procedure of the law.

By conclude; The court is an important part of the judiciary system of the government.
It has been constructed for hearing all types of cases including the cases which are
highly sensitive and also a minor offense. Generally, the courts are classified by
following several structures of the judicial system and each specific part is considered
for the specific type of cases. If any person is not satisfied with the judgment by the
specific level of court, he or she can appeal or move to the higher level of the court to
get the right judgment. The Supreme Court is always considered as the highest level of
the court system. The court performs some essential role within the society and some of
these are as follows.

Provide protection for constitutional rights: Some people in society perform

activities which violate the constitutional rights of the other people. Then, the court takes
legal action against them. They are convicted and get punishment according to the law.

Serve for hearing dispute: When the two parties within the society get conflicted
regarding any issue, they appear in the court to get solution for their disputes. Then
court hearing is very important as a part of the legal procedure, where the two parties
involved in confliction, place their case to get fail judgment according to the law.

Justify the law: Judges in the court always follow the law when they provide their
judgment for a convicted person. They always justify the law with crime or offense
performed by the convicted person and then they declare the punishment for the
convicted person
 REFFERENCE

 aul L. Hoffman, Schonbrun DeSimone Seplow Harris & Hoffman, LLP, Venice,
CA (Stephen A. Whinston, Carey R. D'Avino, Keino R. Robinson, Berger &
Montague, P.C., Philadelphia, PA, on the brief), for Plaintiffs-Appellants-Cross-
Appellees.
 Jeffrey J. Keyes, Briggs and Morgan, P.A., Minneapolis, MN (Mark Girouard,
Halleland Lewis Nilan & Johnson, Minneapolis, MN, on the brief), for amici curiae
International Law Professors in support of Plaintiffs-Appellants.
 Jeffrey L. Fisher, by appointment of the Court, 540 U. S. 807, argued the cause
for petitioner. With him on the briefs was Bruce E. H. Johnson.