Class –V

Chapter- 6
Staying Connected

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 Let’s check our knowledge about various modes of transport

1. _____ are a very convenient means for transporting people and goods on land
Roadways
2 .Cars, buses, rickshaws, scooters, vans buses are examples of ------- transport
Road transport
3. A mode of transport on land which is cheaper and also faster for long distance travelling
Railways
4. Trains run on rail lines called -----
Tracks
5. _______ is a fast railway system which run on both elevated and underground tracks
within the cities

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Metro
6 .A slower, cheaper mode of transport for carrying heavy goods over long distances
Waterways
 Transport refers to a system of carrying people and goods
from one place to another by land, air or water.

Evolution of Transport-

Horses were used for pulling the carriages by

people to travel and to transport goods.

There was a change over a period of

time
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 Who invented Steam Engine?

Travelling and transportation of

goods became easier and faster
with the invention of steam engine
in 1700s. SKCHEC
*In 1800s and 1900s,
people began using
fuel-powered
automobiles for
transport.

*Manufacturing of
cars changed the
way people travelled
forever.

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I903, Oriville and Wilbur wright, together
known as the Wright brothers, built the
first airplane

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 Modes of Transport
Roadways Railways

Waterways Airways

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 Roads are of two types-

Kutcha or unmetalled
Pucca Or metalled
roads
roads

They are roads They are

made with unfinished,
stone and tar muddy roads

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*India has a large network of big, wide roads called the
Highways
* There are major roads that connect one state to another
in the country. Such roads are called
National Highways. These national highways have
been numbered , such as NH1, NH2…
* Roads that connect cities within a state are called
State Highways

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The Golden quadrilateral is a highway that links India’s
four large cities namely- Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai and
Kolkata
Railways-
* Cheaper and faster mode of land transport
suitable for long distance travel and
transportation.
• They run on rail lines called Tracks which are laid on
• land.
• Some superfast trains in India travel at speeds of over
100 km an hour. Eg- Shatabdi, Rajdhani
• At present, Metro trains, a fast railway system within

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the cities run on a network of both elevated and
underground tracks
Water transport
• It is a slower, but a cheaper mode of transport
to carry heavy good over long distances
• Mode of transport across water bodies include Port- A port is a
boats, steamers and ships. landing place for
• Waterways are mainly of two types- ships on a coast. It
• 1. Inland water ways- India has a wide network is a place where
of inland waterways. Eg- rivers, backwaters and the ships are
canals. loaded and
unloaded with
• Backwater- It is a branch of a main river which
goods.
lies alongside it and then rejoins it.
• 2. Sea or Oceanic routes- A route which is
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followed by ships. They are connected by ports.
• India has 13 major ports .
 Map Work – Mark
the ports of India
on a Physical map
and stick it in your
SS notebook

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Evolution of Airplanes – 1903- 2020

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• It is the fastest and most expensive
mode of transport.
• Both aeroplanes and helicopters are
very useful during natural disasters
for relief work and in rescue
operations.
• A large number of cities in India are
connected by air routes.
• Aeroplanes can fly over mountains ,
deserts and Oceans as well.
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 Class work- To be written in SS Notebook-
1. State the advantages of railways over roadways
Railways are a cheaper and also faster mode of transport for
long distances when compared to roadways.
2. Write a brief note on ‘the grand trunk road’
The grand trunk road is one of the oldest highways in India.
During the British Period it connected Kolkata(west Bengal) to
Peshawar(Pakistan). In post-independent India, it connects
Amritsar to Kolkata.
3.Think and answer
1.There are many means of transport that are harmful to the

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Environment. Neha likes to use her cycle for going from one place to
another, while Sharath prefers to drive his car even over a shortest
distance. Whose action is helping the Environment and How ?
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 Communication in the Past

Smoke signals Cave painting Beating drums

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 Scripts

Runners Pigeons
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carrying messages
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 What is Communication ???

Derived from Latin- communicare

which means ‘ to share’

Communication refers to
the process of exchanging
and sharing ideas,
information, feelings by
speaking, writing or using
some other mediums.

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 The different ways or channels through which we send and receive information
are called as means of communication.

Means of Communication

Personal Communication Mass Communication

✓ Postal Service ▪ Newspapers, Books, magazines and

Journals.
✓ Telegraph ▪ Radio
▪ Television
✓ Telephone and mobile phones ▪ Internet

✓ Internet & Computers

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▪ Cinema
▪ Satellite
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 Communication

Verbal Non
(use of words,
speech, language)
Verbal

➢Oral ➢Body Language

➢Facial Expressions
➢Written
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➢Gestures
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 Types of Communication

Personal Communication Mass Communication

✓ Postal Service ▪ Radio
▪ Newspapers, Books, magazines and
✓ Telegraph Journals.
▪ Television
✓ Telephone and mobile phones

✓ Internet & Computers SKCHEC

▪ Internet
▪ Cinema
▪ Satellite
➢ Personal Communication

Personal Communication is defined as

the process of exchanging
information, ideas, emotions between
two or more persons either in their
physical presence or through any
particular communication medium.

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Personal Communication is defined as the process of exchanging
information, ideas, emotions between two or more persons.
▪ Postal Service

▪ Telegraph

▪ Telephones & Mobile

Phones

▪ Facsimile or Fax

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 Postal Service

• Services involved in physical transportation of letters, parcels within

the country or abroad.

• Most common and least expensive means of sending and receiving

information.

• Letters are carried by roadways, airways, railways and waterways to

their destinations.

• We can send money to someone by a money order.

• Post Office also offer courier service known as Speed Post.

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• The Indian Postal System has one of the most widely distributed
networks.
Envelope Inland Letter

Aerogrammes Post Card

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 Morse Code
Telegraphs & Telegrams

• Communication system for transmitting and receiving

messages over long distances along a wire or cable.

• Message sent by Telegraph is known as Telegram.

• Invented by Samuel Morse, an American inventor

and painter.

• Messages were sent through text characters called as

dots and dashes.

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Telephones & Mobile phones
• Telephone is one of the quickest and convenient means of
sending and receiving spoken messages.

• Invented by Scottish born scientist and engineer,

Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.
• Mobile phones gained importance as they can be carried
along with us anywhere .

• Nowadays, Smart phones combine features of telephone

and inbuilt computers, camera & video camera as well.

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 Facsimile or Fax

• Fax or telefax is the telephonic transmission of

scanned printed material (document or image).

• Invented by Alexander Bain, a Scottish philosopher

and educationalist.

• For sending a fax document, a fax machine should be

connected to a telephone line.

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 ➢ Mass Communication

Mass Communication is the

process of imparting or
exchanging information
to a large number of people at
the same time through mass
media.

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Media: plural form of medium.
Mass media: Medium used to
communicate to a large audience
 Mass Communication is the process of imparting or exchanging
information to a large number of people at the same time through mass
media.

Mass Media:
(Medium used to communicate to a
large audience)

Printed Media Electronic Media

➢ Radio
• Newspapers

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➢ Television
• Magazines
➢ Internet
 Newspapers & Magazines

• Provide detailed information about events

taking place in our country as well as around
the world.

• A large number of newspapers are published in

India in English, Hindi and various regional
languages.

• Nowadays, most newspapers and magazines

have electronic versions which can be read on

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computer, smart phones.
 Radio
➢ Radio is an audible means of information and
entertainment.

➢ Invented by Guglielmo Marconi, an Italian

inventor and engineer.

➢ Information can be sent to any part of the

world using a radio which is known as
Broadcasting.

➢ Radio stations broadcast news, entertainment

and educational programmes.

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 Television

• Most popular means of mass

communication because of audio and
visual aid .

• Covers a large audience.

• Invented by John Logie Baird, a

Scottish Engineer.

• Enables us to watch live action such

as sports, news and cultural events.

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 Internet
➢ Most popular and convenient means of communication.

➢ It is an important source of entertainment, information and

communication.

➢ Tim Berners-Lee, a British Computer Scientist is credited as the

inventor of World Wide Web.

➢ Various internet communication tools are :

Instagram Facebook Twitter
Blogs YouTube

➢ Information can be easily and quickly accessed in various formats

via the Internet.

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 Other Means of Mass Communication
Satellites

▪ Artificial Satellites are used to study Earth and other

planets.

▪ They help us to communicate as they pick up and send back

signals without loss of time.

▪ Among different satellites orbiting round the Earth, Weather

satellites help to forecast weather; Communication Satellites
help to watch live match in TV, News reports etc
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 Cinema

❖ Cinema is a popular form of

communication used for education as
well as entertainment.

❖ Used as the means to spread social

messages.

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 Computers

➢ Use of computers have changed the

way we communicate.

➢ The advent of Internet has made

communication faster and handy.

➢ Messages can be sent instantly via

Email or Electronic Mail.

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 Class work- To be written in SS note book
4. In what ways are Internet and Mobile phones useful to us?
* Internet helps us to know what is happening around the
world.
* We also stay connected with people through e-mails.
5. Give any two features of of a Smartphone
* Smartphones are very handy and useful communication tool
as they can be carried anywhere.
* It has inbuilt computers, camera and video
camera as well.

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Arrange the various means of Communication
in a chronological order

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The order in which communication evolved

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