Country 

Profile
1990 2000 2010 2018

World view
Population, total
23.20 22.44 20.25 19.47
(millions)
Population growth
0.2 ­0.1 ­0.6 ­0.6
(annual %)
Surface area (sq. km)
238.4 238.4 238.4 238.4
(thousands)
Population density
(people per sq. km of 101.2 97.7 88.0 84.6
land area)
Poverty headcount
ratio at national
.. .. 22.3 23.5
poverty lines (% of
population)
Poverty headcount
ratio at $1.90 a day
0.3 .. 4.5 5.7
(2011 PPP) (% of
population)
GNI, Atlas method
28.48 38.33 174.37 219.91
(current US$) (billions)
GNI per capita, Atlas
1,250 1,710 8,610 11,290
method (current US$)
GNI, PPP (current
international $) 121.88 130.34 338.28 535.86
(billions)
GNI per capita, PPP
(current international 5,250 5,810 16,710 27,520
$)
People
Income share held by
9.9 .. 5.8 5.1
lowest 20%
Life expectancy at
70 71 73 75
birth, total (years)
Fertility rate, total
1.8 1.3 1.6 1.6
(births per woman)
Adolescent fertility
rate (births per 1,000 52 37 39 36
women ages 15­19)
Contraceptive
prevalence, any
57 64 .. ..
methods (% of women
ages 15­49)
Births attended by
skilled health staff (% 100 99 99 95
of total)
Mortality rate, under­5
31 22 12 7
(per 1,000 live births)
Prevalence of
underweight, weight
5.0 3.7 .. ..
for age (% of children
under 5)
Immunization, measles
(% of children ages 92 98 95 90
12­23 months)
Primary completion
rate, total (% of 90 93 97 92
relevant age group)
School enrollment,
90.5 94.9 100.0 86.9
primary (% gross)
School enrollment,
99 80 98 91
secondary (% gross)
School enrollment,
primary and
secondary (gross), 1 1 1 1
gender parity index
(GPI)
Prevalence of HIV,
total (% of population 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
ages 15­49)
Environment
Forest area (sq. km)
63.7 63.7 65.2 69.3
(thousands)
Terrestrial and marine
protected areas (% of .. .. .. 24.3
total territorial area)
Annual freshwater
withdrawals, total (% 48.2 21.8 15.3 ..
of internal resources)
Urban population
1.5 ­0.4 ­0.4 ­0.5
growth (annual %)
Energy use (kg of oil
2,683 1,614 1,730 ..
equivalent per capita)
CO2 emissions (metric
7.50 4.04 3.92 ..
tons per capita)
Electric power
consumption (kWh per 2,925 1,988 2,551 ..
capita)
Economy
GDP (current US$)
39.00 37.25 166.23 239.55
(billions)

Country:Romania Last Updated:02/27/2020

World Development Indicators
 GDP growth (annual
­12.9 2.5 ­3.9 4.0
%)
Inflation, GDP deflator
195.0 43.2 3.5 5.9
(annual %)
Agriculture, forestry,
and fishing, value 22 11 5 4
added (% of GDP)
Industry (including
construction), value 46 30 38 29
added (% of GDP)
Exports of goods and
17 22 32 42
services (% of GDP)
Imports of goods and
26 27 39 45
services (% of GDP)
Gross capital
30 20 27 24
formation (% of GDP)
Revenue, excluding
34.4 31.1 30.7 28.6
grants (% of GDP)
Net lending (+) / net
borrowing (­) (% of 0.9 ­4.9 ­6.8 ­3.0
GDP)
States and markets
Time required to start
.. 29 8 35
a business (days)
Domestic credit
provided by financial 79.7 13.9 48.1 32.9
sector (% of GDP)
Tax revenue (% of
23.1 18.0 16.6 15.4
GDP)
Military expenditure (%
4.5 2.5 1.3 1.9
of GDP)
Mobile cellular
subscriptions (per 100 0.0 11.3 119.0 116.2
people)
Individuals using the
Internet (% of 0.0 3.6 39.9 70.7
population)
High­technology
exports (% of
.. .. 13 10
manufactured
exports)
Statistical Capacity
score (Overall .. .. 96 78
average)
Global links
Merchandise trade (%
32 63 67 74
of GDP)
Net barter terms of
trade index (2000 = .. 100 109 107
100)
External debt stocks,
total (DOD, current 1,140 11,259 115,393 112,116
US$) (millions)
Total debt service (%
of exports of goods,
0.3 20.5 33.2 20.8
services and primary
income)
Net migration
­520 ­468 ­300 ­370
(thousands)
Personal remittances,
received (current .. 96 641 6,984
US$) (millions)
Foreign direct
investment, net
0 1,037 3,214 7,344
inflows (BoP, current
US$) (millions)
Net official
development
assistance received .. .. .. ..
(current US$)
(millions)

Source: World Development Indicators database
Figures in italics refer to periods other than those specified.

Country:Romania Last Updated:02/27/2020

World Development Indicators