TEN (10) STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES IN SPSS PROGRAM

Submitted by

Submitted to

DR. NENITA I. PRADO

Professor

December 2021
 TABLE OF CONTENTS 

I. Frequency and Percentage 

II. Mean and Standard Deviation III. Independent

T-Test 

IV. Spearman’s Rank Correlation Coefficient V. Pearson

Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient VI. Multiple

Regression Analysis 

VII. Chi-Squared Test 

VIII. ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) 

IX. ANCOVA (Analysis of Covariance) 

X. Cronbach’s Alpha Test

 I. FREQUENCY AND PERCENTAGE
II.
A percentage frequency distribution is a display of data that specifies the
percentage of observations that exist for each data point or grouping of data points.
The sum of all the percentages corresponding to each data point or grouping of data points
should be 100%.

Example Problem 1: What is the demographic profile of the SME owners in terms
of age, marital status, and educational attainment? 

Table 1 

Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Demographic Profile of SME Owners

________________________________________________________________________

Variable Frequency Percentage

_________________________________________________________________________
Age 21-30 20 13 %
31-40 45 30 %
41-50 37 25 %
51-60 30 20 %
Above 60 18 12%
Total 150 100 %

t Civil Status Single 61 41 %

Married 89 59 %
Total 150 100 %

Educational Attainment

High School 14 9%

College 75 51 %

Post-Graduate 61 40 %

Total 150 100 %

 INTERPRETATION

Table 1 reflects the following variables: age, civil status, and educational

qualification.

Age

The above table shows the frequency and percentage distribution of the participants in

terms of age. The results will tell us that majority of the participants were aged 31-40 years

old (45 participants or 30%), followed by 37 participants or 25% aged 41-50 years old. The

least number of participants is from those aged more than 60 years old above (18 participants

or 12%). 

Marital Status.

As shown in Table 1 there were more participants who were married (89

participants or 59%) and only 61 or 41% were single.

Educational Attainment. The same table presents the frequency and percentage

distribution of the participants in terms of educational attainment. Half of the number of

participants (75 participants or 50%) finished college education. About 61 participants or 41

% completed a post-graduate education. There were 14 participants or 9 % finished high

school.