Electromagnetic Induction

Jayant Nagda
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B.Tech, IIT Bombay

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Lenz’s law
“ I HATE CHANGE ”

Direction of Induced emf/current:

Lenz’s law
“ I HATE CHANGE ”

Direction of Induced emf/current:

1. If flux is decreasing, B due to induced i is along the existing.

2. If flux is increasing, B due to induced i is opposite to existing.

Two coils P and Q are lying a little distance apart coaxially.
If a current I is suddenly set up in the coil P then the
direction of current induced in coil Q will be-

A. Clockwise

B. Towards north

C. Towards south

D. Anticlockwise
Magnetic Flux фB

Magnetic flux : Scalar

Unit : Tesla- meter2 (or) T-m2

(or) weber (Wb)

Fig. represents an area A = 0.5 m2 situated in a uniform
magnetic field B = 2.0 weber/m2 and making an angle of 60°
with respect to magnetic field. The value of the magnetic flux
through the area would be equal to –

A. 2.0 weber

B. √3 weber

C. √3/2 weber

D. 0.5 weber
A wire bent as a parabola y = kx2 is located in a uniform magnetic
field of induction B, the vector B being perpendicular to the plane xy.
At t = 0, sliding wire starts sliding from the vertex O with a constant
acceleration a linearly as shown in Fig. Find the emf induced in the
loop –

A.

B.

C.

D.
Motional EMF of a Rod

EMF of a rod moving as shown:

A magnetic field (B), uniform between two magnets can be determined
measuring the induced voltage in the loop as it is pulled through the gap
at uniform speed 20m/sec. Size of magnet and coil is 2cm × 1cm × 2cm
and 4cm × 6cm as shown in figure. The correct variation of induced emf
with time is: (Assume at t = 0, the coil enters in the magnetic field) :

A. B.

C. D.
A square loop of side 1 m is placed in a perpendicular magnetic field.
Half of the area of the loop lies inside the magnetic field.
A battery of emf 10 V and negligible internal resistance is connected
in the loop. The magnetic field change with time according to the
relation B = (0.01 –2t) tesla. The total emf of the battery will be -

A. 11 V

B. 9 V

C. 12 V

D. 6 V
A square frame with side a as shown in Fig. is moved with a velocity
v from a long straight wire carrying current I.
Initial separation between straight long wire and square frame is x.
Find the emf induced in the frame as a function of distance x.

A.

B.

C.

D. Zero
When a coil of area 2 cm2 and having 30 turns, whose plane is
normal to the magnetic field, is drawn out of the magnetic field, a
charge of 1.5 × 10–4 coulomb flows in the circuit. If its resistance is
40 ohm, then the magnetic flux density in Tesla will be –

A. 10

B. 0.1

C. 1

D. 0.01
Amount of Charge

q : Amount of charge
flown through the
loop of Resistance R
when magnetic flux
through it changes
by ΔФ

-ve sign shows the movement of charge

(found according to Lenz’s Law
A square wire frame of side a is placed a distance b away from a
long straight conductor carrying current I. The frame has
resistance R and self inductance L. The frame is rotated by 180o
about OO’ as shown in Fig. Find the electric charge flown through
the frame –

A.

B.

C.

D. None of these
A wire of length 4 m placed normal to the magnetic field of (2î +4ĵ) Tesla is
moving with a velocity m/s. The emf induced across the ends
of the wire will be-

A. 4 V

B. 8 V

C. 16 V

D. 32 V
 Motional EMF (General form)

If any two out of , , are parallel or anti-parallel then ε = 0

A conducting wheel in which there are four rods of length l is
rotating with angular velocity ω in a uniform magnetic field B.
The induced potential difference between its centre and rim
will be –

A. 0

B. Bl2ω

C. B2lω

D.
Motional EMF due to Rotation

Rod AB rotating at angular speed ω about end A

ω B
A

dx

A B
A wooden stick of length 3l is rotated about an end with constant
angular velocity ω in a uniform magnetic field B perpendicular to
the plane of motion. If the upper one third of its length is coated
with copper, the potential difference across the whole length of
the stick is -

A.

B.

C.

D.
AB is a resistanceless conducting rod which forms a diameter of
a conducting ring of radius r rotating in a uniform magnetic field
B as shown. The resistors R1 and R2 do not rotate. Then current
through the resistor R1 is :

A.

B.

C.

D.
Two conducting rings of radii r and 2r move in opposite
directions with velocities 2v and v respectively on a conducting
surface S. There is a uniform magnetic field of magnitude B
perpendicular to the plane of the rings . The potential difference
between the highest points of the two rings is

A. Zero

B. 2rv B

C. 4rv B

D. 8rv B
A metallic ring of radius R moves in a vertical plane in the
presence of a uniform magnetic field B perpendicular to the
plane of the ring. At any given instant of time its centre of mass
moves with a velocity v while ring rotates in its COM frame with
angular velocity ω as shown in the figure. The magnitude of
induced e.m.f. between points O and P is -

A. Zero

B. vBR √2

C. vBR

D. 2 vBR
A conducting rod of resistance r moves uniformly with a constant speed v.
The force required to make the rod move uniformly is -

A.

B.

C.

D. Zero
A uniform magnetic field of induction B is confined to a cylindrical
region of radius R. The magnetic field is increasing at a constant rate
of dB/dT (Tesla/second). An electron of charge q, placed at the point
P on the periphery of the field experiences an acceleration :

A.

B.

C.

D. Zero
Induced Electric Field

Induced Electric Field

developed in closed loop
Practice Problems
 A metal sheet is placed in a variable magnetic field which is
increasing from zero to maximum. Induced current flows in the
directions as shown in figure. The direction of magnetic field will be-

A. Normal to the paper, inwards

B. Normal to the paper, outwards.

C. From east to west

D. From north to south

Ans: B
 A conducting square loop edge length a and resistance R is in a
uniform magnetic field B, perpendicularly. Two opposite corners
of the loop are pulled apart as shown in fig., till it becomes
straight, the charge flown through the loop will be -

A.

B.

C.

D. Zero
Ans: A
 In the figure shown a square loop PQRS of side 'a' and resistance 'r' is
placed near an infinitely long wire carrying a constant current I. The
sides PQ and RS are parallel to the wire. The wire and the loop are in
the same plane. The loop is rotated by 180° about an axis parallel to
the long wire and passing through the mid points of the side QR and
PS. The total amount of charge which passes through any point of the
loop during rotation is -

A.

B.

C.

D. Cannot be found because

Ans: B time of rotation is not given.
 PQ is an infinite current carrying conductor. AB and CD are smooth
conducting rods on which a conductor EF moves with constant
velocity v as shown. The force needed to maintain constant speed
of EF is -

A.

B.

C.

D.
Ans: A
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