Unit 4 (Guided Notes) - Module 1-Introduction To The Circle

Warm-Up Introduction to Circles
? Lesson
Question
Lesson Goals
Investigate .
Identify and describe

Find
relating to
measures of arcs.
circles.
Prove that all circles
are .
© Edgenuity, Inc. 1
Warm-Up Introduction to Circles
W Words to Know
2K
Write the letter of the definition next to the matching word as you work through the
lesson. You may use the glossary to help you.
_____ chord A. the set of all points in a plane that are equidistant
from a given point
_____ circle B. a segment that extends from the center of a circle
to any point on the circle
_____ diameter
C. a segment with both endpoints on a circle
D. a chord that passes through the center of the circle
_____ radius
Defining a Circle
A circle is the set of all points in a plane that are from a given
point, called the center.
• A circle is named by its . This circle is named circle P.
• Every point on the circle is the same away from center P.
• We can notate it using a little circle symbol like this: ⨀P.
Instruction Introduction to Circles
Slide
2 Words to Know
Fill in this table as you work through the lesson. You may also use the glossary to
help you.
circles that lie in the same plane and have the same
concentric circles
the point of intersection between a circle and its

point of tangency
a line or that intersects a circle at exactly

secant
points
a composition of , or isometric,
similarity transformation
transformations with one or more
a line, line segment, or ray that

tangent to a circle a circle at exactly one point and contains no points
the circle
Slide
2 Radius of a Circle
A radius is a segment that extends from the
center of a circle to any point on the circle.
For circle K, one radius would be .
• All radii of the same circle are

N
L
congruent.
K
≅ KL
• Congruent circles have congruent

M
.
• If circle K is congruent to another
circle, then the radii of both
circles are .
Slide
2 Chords and Diameters
A chord is a segment with both endpoints on a circle. A diameter is a chord that
passes through the of the circle.
H Chords: EG,
D G
Diameter:
E
1
𝑑 = → 𝑑 = 2𝑟
2
F
4 Tangents and Secants
A tangent to a circle is a line, line A secant is a line or that
segment, or ray that intersects a circle

intersects a circle at exactly
at exactly 1 , called the
points.
point of tangency, and contains no
points the circle.
Q
R
P
L
M
S
N
Slide
6 Proving That All Circles Are Similar

How can similarity transformations be used to prove that all circles are similar?
Remember that if there exists a sequence
of similarity , R
r
such as translations, rotations, reflections, A B
or dilations, that will map circle A onto circle
B, then the circles are .
• circle A so that A maps onto center
B, creating concentric circles, or circles that have the same center
but different radii.
R
r
A B
Slide
6
• Translate circle A so that the center
maps onto center B, creating

P′
R
concentric circles.
P r
AB
𝑅
• circle A′ by the factor 𝑟 .
BP’ = 𝑛 ∙A′P
𝑛 =
A′P
Since the circles can be mapped onto one another using similarity transformations
(a translation followed by a dilation), we can say that the circles are .
9 Words to Know
Fill in this table as you work through the lesson. You may also use the glossary to
help you.
an arc whose measure is greater than or equal to 180 degrees
an arc whose central angle has sides that intercept the circle at
opposite endpoints of a diameter
a part of a circle between two given endpoints
an arc whose measure is less than 180 degrees
an angle whose vertex is at the center of a circle and whose

sides are radii of that circle
Slide
9 Central Angles and Arcs of a Circle
• A central angle is an angle whose vertex
is at the of the circle and

G
whose sides are radii of the circle.
• ∠EFG is a central angle, because its E

96°
vertex is F and its sides, EF and GF,
F
are radii of the circle.
• An arc of a circle is a part of a circle

D H
between two given endpoints.
• ෢ is an arc of circle F.
EG
• The degree measure of an arc is equal
to the degree measure of the
that intercepts it.
෢ =
𝑚EG
Slide
11 Semicircles
• A semicircle is an arc whose central
angle has sides that intercept the circle

B
at opposite endpoints of a diameter.
• ∠AOC is a central angle whose
sides intersect the circle at A C

O
opposite of a
diameter.
D
• We name semicircles using
points.
• ෢
The related arc is ABC.
• ෣
ADC is also a .
• A diameter forms a straight angle, or a 180-degree angle.
• The arc measure of any semicircle is .
• The arc measure of any circle is .
Slide
11 Minor and Major Arcs
• A minor arc is an arc whose • A major arc is an arc whose measure
measure is less than 180°. is greater than or equal to 180°.
• It is named using the two • It is named using
. points.
• Its measure is equal to the • Its measure is equal to 360°
measure of its related the measure of
angle. the minor arc with the same
endpoints.
B B
110°
෢
ACB
110°
A A
O O
C C
෢ =
𝑚AB ෢ = 360° − 110° =
𝑚ACB
Slide
13 Arc Addition Postulate

Arc addition postulate: The measure of an arc formed by two adjacent arcs is
the sum of the measures of the two arcs.
D
C
𝑚C෢E + 𝑚ED
෢ =𝑚
B
෢
ED
C෢E
Slide
13 Using the Arc Addition Postulate

෢ and 𝑚FAE.
෢ 𝑚CE,
AE and CD are diameters of ⨀B. Find 𝑚DE, ෢
Because we know that ∠DBE and ∠ABC are
D angles, by the vertical angles
theorem, we know that these two angles are

B
A
50° E .
m∠DBE = 50°
C
෢=
𝑚DE
F
By the arc addition postulate:
𝑚C෢E + 𝑚ED ෢
෢ = 𝑚CED
෢ + 50° = 180°
𝑚CE
෢=
𝑚CE
The measure of a major arc is equal to 360°
minus the measure of the minor arc with the
same endpoints.
෢ = 360° − 90° =
𝑚FAE
Summary Introduction to Circles
? Lesson
How are circles and their related geometric figures defined?
Question
Answer
Slide
Review: Key Concepts
2
• Terminology relating to circles:
• Radius
• Example: SZ
• Chord
• Example: WY X
Y
• Diameter
W
• Example: VY
S
• .
V Z
• Example: TZ
• Secant U
T
• Example: XU
• Central angle
• Example: ∠YSZ
• of a circle
• ෢
Example of a minor arc: WV
• ෣
Example of a major arc: WYZ
Summary Introduction to Circles
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Unit 4 (Guided Notes) - Module 1-Introduction To The Circle

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Warm-Up Introduction to Circles

Identify and describe

• A circle is named by its . This circle is named circle P.

• Every point on the circle is the same away from center P.

• We can notate it using a little circle symbol like this: ⨀P.

the point of intersection between a circle and its

a line or that intersects a circle at exactly

a line, line segment, or ray that

A radius is a segment that extends from the

center of a circle to any point on the circle.

For circle K, one radius would be .

• All radii of the same circle are

• Congruent circles have congruent

• If circle K is congruent to another

circle, then the radii of both

2 Chords and Diameters

A chord is a segment with both endpoints on a circle. A diameter is a chord that

passes through the of the circle.

4 Tangents and Secants

A tangent to a circle is a line, line A secant is a line or that

segment, or ray that intersects a circle

points the circle.

6 Proving That All Circles Are Similar

Remember that if there exists a sequence

such as translations, rotations, reflections, A B

or dilations, that will map circle A onto circle

B, then the circles are .

• circle A so that A maps onto center

B, creating concentric circles, or circles that have the same center

but different radii.

maps onto center B, creating

(a translation followed by a dilation), we can say that the circles are .

an arc whose measure is greater than or equal to 180 degrees

a part of a circle between two given endpoints

an arc whose measure is less than 180 degrees

an angle whose vertex is at the center of a circle and whose

9 Central Angles and Arcs of a Circle

• A central angle is an angle whose vertex

is at the of the circle and

• ∠EFG is a central angle, because its E

• An arc of a circle is a part of a circle

• The degree measure of an arc is equal

to the degree measure of the

that intercepts it.

• A semicircle is an arc whose central

angle has sides that intercept the circle

• ∠AOC is a central angle whose

sides intersect the circle at A C

• A diameter forms a straight angle, or a 180-degree angle.

• The arc measure of any semicircle is .

• The arc measure of any circle is .

11 Minor and Major Arcs

• A minor arc is an arc whose • A major arc is an arc whose measure

measure is less than 180°. is greater than or equal to 180°.

• It is named using the two • It is named using

• Its measure is equal to the • Its measure is equal to 360°

measure of its related the measure of

angle. the minor arc with the same

13 Arc Addition Postulate

13 Using the Arc Addition Postulate

Because we know that ∠DBE and ∠ABC are

D angles, by the vertical angles

theorem, we know that these two angles are