LB compoune| that contains ony hydrager cmd corbon at serenbyuationr ot yyclrscatdyin : complee CompurHom CULT when TREE SS CRESS CHEN 30 WOlET andl Corben ehOKicle it formed ely #204 > CO, + HO = incomplete comburhion is whew enere wy inetfcitut OFyyEH Te Wen 30 either Corben mono#icle end uaterier Carbon onl water form TCHUT 31 20 * HHO cho I RUERNES! will nel with Mane’) enc 0 SAREENES wit eve whens AN AWOHOLS! wil end with ano, cc -o- Ht 10 caabos Git ecids HN enel vith “maievacichy CSS uy on . a cee “A esters: witl enc wth MgRimentety ¢-c6Q— ALKANE onlols : gece meeord = ety MunereUoter cay ewvonel = chyemsOH = = -o-et menores Cli tihane 2 Cyt progone = crlaCthli = Mag-cae- tt trofenol = CisCHCHROH = =b-G-C “0-H, Buterol = MsCta CH CH OH ALKENE a Mes MeeS y+ CARBON Aci etnere = Cty Py ee ae ee mR yeooH = CriooHt putene = CH= CHCHH2 Cy ~o-# HLA (OOH tras Tenonoveeh — wg-§¢-BLo-rHAS © meee min oS nah eu need 10 96 Fovmibon Wee xt vos been Formed wy the emeerobic decay of vegelanon over ment OF YE Metural gas is mounly methane = getroum Cove oil) se comtley minture of © FRACTIOWAL: DIStILUATION'y CRUDE OILY Herve its a ticks Fpicky, pracle kquid at omintne ‘we fractions in fetiewes ave seperated from each oMher ic = the boiling point owl VOCUTity OF each fracion PROCESS heed ceuce oil vmash st wagorises = 8 nee cools and GOndenses = afferent fractions nave different wailing osmls avd therefore conctemse at different positon The fraction cenloining Smaller hydiecesbons ave CoMNECHEC at the sop oF gases SO USES OF FRACTIONS retinery gas: reading ore COG Gasorine: fuel for COTE arth: awe frecuct for preclcing chemacalt Reroune: set fuel (ROMOFEn) piesel = or diesel evgine (gos oil) furl oo) fuel for awit Lubricating ol = vase ine, Wor es nitumen: suvfoce roads pyelto carbons cont very WRFOL met eae Acton 1S neveates cus PAE co¥von chain geht longet scrineny onset el vortted gered Soe coot (ase) ectcsent Dy Treat eles oD gel Put ow Ay fe for 5 = Tage Pacey qu ave iviseosity: OES Fie elt Te quel Float tere eas A atm mereasing moltcuer mass Sousnny: Ss iwerearing WOMEVIO SF Rymenlon See 2c ewe oe mereate on Welling. Point Dreomer greater - process callect Mactiona'l DIsTuATiONG el : : &Steves or family of Organic compourds that Fave similoe feature) andl chemical propertier » Ie to moving me Same FRChORA! grovt Same general formole Same functvoral group Fimilar qnemitel properties STIWCTURAL \somens Stompours gat Rove he some wolecvlar Grmuics but chfferend structural formulae @ To nes cra onerison __ = chain BUTANE (cai0) = position, POSITION IsoMeRISMy jj H-¢--C-0-4 2 aia : propanol wapan=T-ot Ba ee Ln romalogous series of yewocerbon Compoures with only “Single Corbow. bones) = General Grmvicr Catlene; = Mnams ore saturated) hycrocorbond. Theyere colouiless compourely + alkanes ove apnerally uoreactive comfort wt they ao YEEGE Combustion reactions ame! com pe crackect into walter malecvles oval react with ralogens in the pewence oF Wight SUBSTITUTION. REACTION one ator is Sureptecl with another D Mranes vncergy o substitution reaction with nalogens im he teience of UY light q pete Oe mB Hataae HBF : A A : et He% General formula Ha CRA oe = they contoin, double tords therefore ave callecl \uAsedUFaIeel compounds wore ven moc, @ —@ @ L ations large Midroverbon wolkCules 10 bE Woke down into Tmaller, Nkenes ond hydroyen are producect From the cracking of alkanes __veatea of 600-100 to waporise Hom catalyst OF silica oF aiming = wis grocess BetaKS covend wondls mm TRE molecules , caving thermal cl ecomposs = ioe ee «< @ riaevager ancl higher proporhow of alkenes art formed q Hmperatvre of ay 700% ard higher pressure € eee we Ty - ; et 5 wet et st wad Bo eee ee ea) © ‘[euene HoH na ae ~_NKANE ve UNKENE = Inikanes se saturated ave! KET EREMURTEAOSclp rome weer is an orange coeur solution of bromine 6 eT e TT gue Af tS Fhoker are eaten ere alkene wit eCOLOUEBED He Wonwne water. ahis reacon between alkenes and wremin€ 5 Called O” gadiKOMNPeEC HORT € SHUN in to go = © cof be wo é€ a = ewes —— : meamnathatt e9 S alkenes else undergo addition ceactows with nydiggeh ia whch an ALKANE: is formed, HNDROGENATION? - ocur ar 50% > Nickel catalyst nyerogtration feact ons axe viel vo ; Gravee VGEEETE Ty TO a8 to ve setdin. super mar kets 9 Cnr Wy SE Mee-emel La cn EE HYDRATION - Tnis 1s portend industrially for the praducsiOn of alcohols ccldition weactront with Steam in which an alcohol iS formecl enc! (POLES with the conetiheony | __lemperatere cwowned 130% ~ Pressure of 6O=IO" GM 14 wo oe P50 a Ee Os Sree Foy OGY Serres HOE TE WH i b=A siren 2 sion => ethorol » FURTHER NDBITION EEACMONS = mony Small molecules (monomers) JO T9gtther fo ceeate very large mcleclet oe? et, nae a hi aa > addition polymerization the polymers are formed with no by-products condensa hon golymenia ton the polymer is formecy ancl another Simple molecule, suck as ammonia , water anct tte,€ — hea _— Aanal wurns in efcess ofygen 0 form (Or # and thO “tinano! unctergoes combustion CHaCHOH + 30, > 2C0 + 30 bo hydration of ethene =A mogure of ethene ane sit0m is + Aemperature of 330° * prssure of 60-10 trodutey pure _etnaro! vy a Gree ate ned 1-4 bb Fermeniarion of glucose = sugar oF SOrCH K BiSolNeCL m WAIEE ond Yast vs added = yest is add! 40 break GOWN sextn oF suqpe 10 al\tone Wate i FOO LOW we TEGCKON cae wu be TOO Slow Lif Merap 8 40D high the enaymés wal buOMe cenarurect spost respire anatropically ving ine glvtese 40 form (Oy and etmano} CetlpDe * enrymes 7 UCOr + Ua HsOFl rFRreRFRRRRRRePr eRe Re eeeeeaa °