Lesson 1: Introduction to Information and
Communication Technologies
Digital native – those are a person born or
brought up during the age of digital technology.
Therefore, they are familiar with computers and
the internet from an early age.
Transes are from the moment you were born,
you were surrounded by technology.
Information and Communication Technologies
(ICT)
-refers to the technologies, both hardware and
software, that enable humans to communicate
with one another.
-It includes technologies, such as computers,
radio, television, video, DVDs, telephone,
satellite systems, and the equipment services
associated with these technologies such as the
video conferencing, email, instant messaging
and blogs.
Internet “Inter-Network”
-It is a network of networks. It connects private,
public, academic, business and government
networks all over the world through a wide
range of networking and communication
technologies.
-A large part of internet is the world wide web.
This is made up of a website that have one or
more web pages. This is the part of the internet
that you probably use most of the time.
Uses of the Internet
-Communication – some of these are email,
blogs, social networking sites. Examples are
Facebook, Instagram, the chatrooms, and the
forums.
-Shopping – for example, online shopping.
-Leisure and Entertainment – there are many
different ways that you can choose to spend
your time online and amuse yourself. Like
playing online games, listening to music,
reading online books and eBooks, watching
online movies or videos in YouTube, and
keeping up to date with the news exporting
events.
-Exploring the World – In exploring the world
like getting to place is an easy as a click of a
button.
The World Wide Web (WWW)
-It is the system that enables you to access
hypertext documents and other files over the
Internet.
-Tim Berners-Lee proposed this technology.
-It serve as an avenue for personal brought and
development by allowing us to express
ourselves and increase the knowledge about
the world you live in.
Generation of Internet – Based Services
1. WEB 1.0
-It is also called the read-only Web
-Static websites without interactivity.
-A read-only Web wherein the information or
the hypertext file is access by the user, meaning
to say that there were no facilities to interact
with its page alter than to read or view the
content.
2. WEB 2.0
-It is also called the read-and-write Web
-Websites that contain dynamic content.
-It is the evolution of WEB 1.0 by adding the
dynamic webpages. It means that it allows user
to interact with the pages.
-WEB 2.0 is a more user friendly interface and
interactivity to share information and
collaborative alters.
Ex: Social networking sites, blogs, wikis, video
sharing sites, and the web applications.
Key Features of WEB 2.0
1. Folksonomy
*Allows users to categorize and classify/arrange
information using freely chosen keywords.
Ex: Tagging, popular social networking sites
such as twitter, Instagram, and Facebook.
2. Rich user experience
*Content is dynamic and is responsive to user’s
input.
Ex: An example would be a website that shows
local content, when you love on, your account is
used to modify what you see in their website.
3. User participation
*The owner of the website is not the only one
who is able to put content.
-Others are able to place content in their own
by means of comments and reviews
Ex: Amazon.com – you may add comment on
this article, also the online stores.
4. Long Tail
*Services that are offered on demand rather
than on a one-time purchase.
-Synonymous to subscribing a data plan that
charges you for the amount of time you spent
on the internet on the data plan that charges
you for the amount of bandwidth you used.
5. Software as a Service
*Users will subscribe to a software only when
needed rather than purchasing them.
-This is a cheaper option if you do not always
need to use a software and it allows you to end
a software for a minimal fee.
6. Mass participation
*Diverse information sharing through universal
web access.
-Since most user can use the internet, WEB 2.0
content is based on people from various
cultures.
3. WEB 3.0
-It is also called the Semantic Web
-A concept of the World Wide Web designed to
cater to each individual user.
-It gives an intelligent and improve interactivity
and overall user’s experience.
Ex: If you search the internet for where is the
best place to do shopping. WEB 3.0 will aim to
give you results depending on how you make
choices in the past.
Ex: When you search for a best restaurant to
visit in a specific area. WEB 3.0 may look for
your previous visits from other restaurants and
check if you have rated whether good or bad. In
return, WEB 3.0 will search for restaurants that
have a similar menu, good rating and budget
that fit your preference in the past.
TRENDS IN ICT
1. Convergence
- Process by which existing technologies merge
into new forms that bring together different
types of media and applications.
Ex: presides using your personal computer to
create a word documents .
Convergence is using several technologies to
accomplish a task conveniently.
2. Social Media StumbleUpon - was a discovery and
advertisement engine. This is a form of web
- Variety of web-based platforms, applications,
search engine that push web content
and technologies that enable people to socially
recommendations to its users.
interact with one another, create, share or
exchange information, ideas and 3. Social News
pictures/videos in virtual communities and
- Sites that allow users to post their own news
networks online.
items or links to other new sources
-With these more and more advertisers, use
- Those are the two websites for promoting
social media to promote their products.
links on the internet
Six Types of Social Media
Ex.
1. Social Networks
Reddit relies on a strong internal community,
- Sites that allow you to connect with other whereas Digg relies on activity from other social
people with the same interests or background media sites.

- Once a user creates his/her account, he/she 4. Media Sharing

can set up a profile. Add people, create groups,
- Sites that allow you to upload and share media
and share content.
content like images, music and video.
Ex.
- These media sharing sites have additional
Facebook – is a website that allows registered social features like liking, commenting, and
users to create profiles, upload photos and having user profiles.
video, send messages and keep in touch with
Ex.
friends, family and colleagues.
Flickr – is used intentionally by a professional
Google+ – signed to replicate the way people
photographers to post high resolution photos.
interact offline more closely.
YouTube – is a video sharing service where
2. Bookmarking Sites
users can watch, like, share, comment, and
- Sites that allow you to store and manage links upload their own videos.
to various websites and resources
Instagram – is a simple, fun, and creative way to
- Most of the sites let the users create a “tag” capture and edit, share photos, videos,
that allows them and others to easy to search messages with friends and family.
or share these tags.
5. Microblogging
Ex.
- Sites that focus on short updates from the
Pinterest - is a social curation website for user
sharing and categorizing images found online.
- Those subscribe in the user will be able to
For example, If you click on a picture of a pair of
receive these updates.
shoes, you might be taken to a site where you
can purchase it.
Ex.
Twitter – it is a social networking service on
which users posts and interact with messages
known as tweet. Registered users can post, like,
and retweets but unregistered users can only
read those that are publicly available.
Plurk – this plurk is a free social networking and
micro-blogging service that allows users to send
updates through short messages or links, which
can be up to 360 text characters in length.
6. Blogs and Forums
- Websites that allow users to post their
content.
Ex.
Blogger – it enables multi user blogs with time-
stamped entries.
Different Operating Systems used in mobile
devices
a. iOS – it is used in apple devices such as
iPhone and iPad.
b. Android – this is an open-source operating
system developed by google. It means that
several mobile phone companies used this OS
for free.
c. BlackBerryOS – In blackberry operating
system, it used in a blackberry devices.
d. WindowsPhone OS – it is a closed source and
proprietary operating system. It developed by
the Microsoft as a replacement to the windows
mobile.
e. Symbian – used by the nokia devices.
f. WebOS – used for smart TVs.

WordPress – it is a free and open-source g. WindowsMobile – used for smartphones and

content management system than anyone can Pocket PCs.
use to make any kind of website imaginable.
4. Assistive Media
Tumblr – allows users to create an online diary
- A nonprofit service designed to help people
or blog, users can follow their favorite interests,
who have visual and reading impairments.
other Tumblr’s and brand influencers to share
the content to and from. You can re-blog, post - A data-based of audio reporting used to read
photos or videos that you like and share to your to the user.
blog for your followers to see it.
- www.assistivemedia.org

3. Mobile Technologies

- The popularity of smartphones and tablets has

taken a major rise over the years.

- It is largely because of the devices capability to

do tasks that where originally found in personal
computers.

- The mobile network providers introduce the

5G network. These 5G network which is the
currently the fastest mobile network.