Living conditions in Europe

Housing statistics

Figure 1: Distribution of population by dwelling type, 2018

(%)

Semi-
Detached detached
Flat house house
EU-27 (¹) 46.0 34.7 18.6
EA-19 47.9 29.0 22.4

Latvia 66.2 31.1 2.6

Spain 64.9 12.9 22.0
Estonia 61.5 33.5 4.4
Greece 60.6 31.6 7.7
Lithuania 59.5 34.5 4.8
Germany 56.3 26.4 15.8
Malta 53.8 4.6 41.5
Italy 52.6 22.8 24.4
Czechia 51.5 39.1 8.9
Slovakia 48.3 49.9 1.6
Sweden 46.2 44.4 9.2
Austria 46.0 45.0 8.5
Bulgaria 45.9 42.2 11.3
Portugal 45.7 36.9 17.3
Poland 44.0 50.1 5.6
Luxembourg 37.1 34.7 26.9
Finland 34.6 46.1 18.9
France 33.9 42.4 23.5
Romania 33.4 65.2 1.4
Denmark 33.2 53.2 13.4
Slovenia 28.0 66.2 5.5
Hungary 27.3 64.6 6.5
Cyprus 26.6 43.6 28.5
Belgium 22.4 36.4 40.6
Croatia (²) 21.6 69.7 8.7
Netherlands 20.2 17.4 58.0
Ireland 7.8 39.9 52.1

United Kingdom 14.8 24.0 60.8

Switzerland 62.5 23.0 11.2

Iceland (³) 48.5 32.9 18.0
Norway 21.2 57.5 20.7
 Serbia 26.6 63.6 9.7
North Macedonia 14.2 74.6 11.1

Note: ranked on flat.

(¹) Estimates.
(²) Other: no significant values.
(³) 2016.
Source: Eurostat (online data code: ilc_lvho01)

Bookmark:
https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?query=BOOKMARK_DS-057122_QID_-34AF91FD_UID_-3F17
welling type, 2018

Distribution of population by dwelling type, 2018

(%)
100

Other
0.6
0.7

0.1
0.3 75
0.7
0.1
1.2
1.5
0.1
0.1
0.5 50
0.2
0.2
0.5
0.6
0.1
0.2
1.3 25
0.4
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.2
1.6
1.3 0
0.7
EU-27 (¹)

Germany

Italy

Luxembourg
Latvia

Estonia
Greece
Lithuania

Czechia
Slovakia
Sweden
Austria
Bulgaria
Portugal
Poland
EA-19

Spain

Malta

0.0
4.4
0.1

0.4

3.3
0.5
0.6
 0.1
0.0

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 Slovakia
Sweden
Austria
Bulgaria

ng type, 2018
Portugal
Poland
Luxembourg
Finland
France
Romania
Denmark
Slovenia
Hungary
Cyprus
Belgium
Croatia (²)
Netherlands
Ireland

United Kingdom

Switzerland
Iceland (³)
Norway

Serbia
North Macedonia

Flat
Other

house
Semi-detached

Detached house
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Other

Semi-detached
house

Detached house

Flat
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 Living conditions in Europe
Housing statistics

Figure 2: Distribution of population by tenure status, 2018

(%)

Owner-occupied,
Owner-occupied, Tenant, rent at
no outstanding Tenant, rent
with reduced price or
mortgage at market price
mortgage or loan free
or housing loan
EU-27 (¹) 24.9 45.1 20.8 9.3
70.0 EA-19 27.4 38.8 24.0 9.9

Netherlands 60.5 8.3 30.2 1.0

Sweden 51.7 12.3 35.0 0.9
Denmark 46.5 14.0 39.4 0.1
Belgium 43.4 28.9 19.4 8.3
Finland 42.0 29.7 13.6 14.8
Luxembourg 41.9 29.3 23.4 5.4
Portugal 36.3 38.2 12.6 12.9
Ireland 32.4 37.9 12.0 17.7
France 31.8 33.3 18.6 16.3
Spain 29.4 46.9 15.3 8.4
Germany 25.6 25.8 40.8 7.7
Austria 25.5 29.9 29.7 14.9
Malta 22.7 58.9 6.8 11.6
Estonia 21.7 60.7 4.1 13.5
Czechia 21.0 57.8 15.7 5.6
Cyprus 19.3 50.8 14.9 14.9
Slovakia 18.6 72.7 7.4 1.2
Hungary 15.4 70.6 4.9 9.1
Greece 14.2 59.3 21.3 5.2
Italy 13.0 59.4 18.8 8.8
Lithuania 12.6 77.3 1.2 8.9
Latvia 12.3 69.3 7.5 10.9
Slovenia 12.1 63.0 6.0 18.9
Poland 11.3 72.7 4.3 11.7
Croatia 6.9 83.3 1.3 8.6
Bulgaria 2.7 80.9 2.9 13.5
Romania 1.1 95.3 1.2 2.4

United Kingdom 37.5 27.6 29.7 5.1

Iceland (²) 63.9 14.8 10.5 10.8

Norway 60.1 21.2 16.7 2.0
Switzerland 38.3 4.2 51.1 6.4

Turkey (³) 7.8 51.3 24.7 16.1

Montenegro (³) 1.8 87.0 6.0 5.1
Serbia 0.4 84.0 3.0 12.6
 North Macedonia 0.3 88.0 0.5 11.2

Note: ranked on owner, with mortgage or loan.

(¹) Estimates.
(²) 2016.
(³) 2017.
Source: Eurostat (online data code: ilc_lvho02)

Bookmark:
https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?query=BOOKMARK_DS-057102_QID_-654085A1_UID_-3F171EB0&layout=TIME,C,X,0;
 100

0
25
50
75
(%)
EU-27 (¹)
EA-19

Netherlands
Sweden
Denmark
Belgium
Finland
Luxembourg
Portugal
Ireland
France
Spain
Germany
Austria
Malta
Estonia
Distribution of population by tenure status, 2018

Czechia
Cyprus
Slovakia
Hungary
Greece
Italy
Lithuania
Latvia
Slovenia
Poland
Croatia
Bulgaria
Romania

United Kingdom

Iceland (²)
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 Tenant, rent at
reduced price or free

Tenant, rent
at market price

Owner-occupied,
no outstanding
mortgage
or housing loan

Owner-occupied, with
mortgage or loan
Iceland (²)
United Kingdom

Norway

Turkey (³)
Montenegro (³)
Latvia
Slovenia
Poland

Switzerland
Croatia
Bulgaria
Romania

Serbia
North Macedonia
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Figure 3: Overcrowding rate, 2018
(%) Overcrowding rate, 2018
(%)
80
Population at
Total
risk of poverty
EU-27 (¹) 28.9 17.1 70
EA-19 23.8 12.3

Romania 56.4 46.3

60
Latvia 43.9 43.4
Bulgaria 48.7 41.6
Croatia 44.3 39.3
Poland 47.7 39.2 50
Slovakia 54.9 35.5
Greece 44.2 29.2
Italy 38.0 27.8 40
Lithuania 23.8 22.8
Hungary 26.5 20.1
Czechia 28.7 15.7 30
Sweden 41.8 15.2
Austria 32.3 13.5
Estonia 12.9 12.6
20
Slovenia 19.6 12.5
Portugal 18.7 9.6
Denmark 30.0 9.2
Luxembourg 21.7 8.4 10
France 24.3 8.2
Germany 19.0 7.4
Finland 20.4 7.3 0
EU-27 (¹)

Italy

Hungary
Croatia
Poland

Greece

Lithuania
EA-19

Romania
Latvia
Bulgaria

Slovakia

Czechia
Sweden
Belgium 18.7 5.7
Spain 11.3 4.7
Netherlands 11.7 4.1
Malta 7.0 3.4
Ireland 4.2 2.7
Cyprus 5.2 2.5

United Kingdom 9.8 4.8

Iceland (²) 18.3 7.4

Switzerland 14.5 6.2
Norway 24.3 6.0

Montenegro (³) 69.6 57.7

Serbia 60.6 53.3
North Macedonia 60.6 46.4
Turkey (³) 70.7 43.7

Note: the population at risk of poverty is the population below 60 % of median equivalised income.
(¹) Estimates.
(²) 2016.
 Greece
Italy
Lithuania
Hungary
Czechia
Sweden
Austria
Estonia

Total
Slovenia
Portugal
Denmark
Luxembourg
France
Germany
Finland
Belgium

Population at risk of poverty

Spain
Netherlands
Malta
Ireland
Cyprus

United Kingdom

Iceland (²)
Switzerland
Norway

Montenegro (³)
Serbia
North Macedonia
Turkey (³)
Living conditions in Europe
Housing statistics

Figure 4: Severe housing deprivation rate, 2017 and 2018

(%)

Severe housing deprivation rate, 2017

2017 2018 (%)
EU-27 (¹) 4.5 4.3 30
EA-19 2.8 3.0

Romania 17.2 16.1

Latvia 15.2 14.9
25
Bulgaria 10.6 10.1
Poland 9.8 8.6
Hungary (²) 15.9 7.5
Lithuania 8.1 6.9
Croatia 6.5 6.2 20
Greece 6.0 5.9
Italy 5.5 5.0
Slovenia 4.4 4.8
Portugal 4.0 4.1 15
Slovakia 5.2 3.7
Denmark 2.7 3.2
Austria 4.4 3.2
Estonia 3.3 2.9
10
Sweden 2.5 2.9
France 2.1 2.7
Czechia 2.1 2.3
Germany 1.8 2.3
Belgium 2.3 2.2 5
Luxembourg 2.3 2.2
Spain 1.0 1.5
Netherlands 1.0 1.3
Malta 1.4 1.2
0
Cyprus 0.9 1.1
EU-27 (¹)

Hungary (²)
Romania

Bulgaria

Greece
EA-19

Latvia

Poland

Lithuania
Croatia
Finland 0.7 0.9
Ireland 0.7 0.8

United Kingdom 1.0 1.9

Switzerland 2.2 2.3

Norway 0.8 0.9

Turkey (³) 25.1

Montenegro (³) 16.6
Serbia 15.2 11.8
North Macedonia 10.1 11.1

(¹) Estimates.
(²) Break in series.
 (³) 2018: not available.
Source: Eurostat (online data code: ilc_mdho06a)
Bookmark
https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?query=BOOKMARK_DS-093664_QID_-2F1BCA5D_UID_-3F171EB0&layout=TIME,C,X,0
 Romania
Latvia
Bulgaria
Poland
Hungary (²)
Lithuania
Croatia
Greece
Italy
Slovenia
Portugal ing deprivation rate, 2017 and 2018
Slovakia
Denmark
Austria
Estonia
Sweden

2018
France
Czechia

2017
Germany
Belgium
Luxembourg
Spain
Netherlands
Malta
Cyprus
Finland
Ireland

United Kingdom

Switzerland
Norway

Turkey (³)
Montenegro (³)
Serbia
North Macedonia
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 Switzerland
Norway

Turkey (³)
Montenegro (³)
Serbia
North Macedonia
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Living conditions in Europe
Housing statistics

Table 1: Housing cost overburden rate, analysed by tenure status, 2018

(%)

Total Owner-occupied,
population with mortgage or loan

EU-27 9.6 4.0

EA-19 9.8 4.0
Belgium 8.9 1.2
Bulgaria 17.9 6.3
Czechia 7.8 2.5
Denmark 14.7 5.2
Germany 14.2 8.6
Estonia 4.0 2.0
Ireland 3.4 1.2
Greece 39.5 29.2
Spain 8.9 3.5
France 4.7 0.7
Croatia 5.1 1.1
Italy 8.2 3.3
Cyprus 2.0 0.6
Latvia 6.7 9.6
Lithuania 5.6 2.0
Luxembourg 9.6 1.5
Hungary 9.6 8.3
Malta 1.7 2.1
Netherlands 9.4 2.2
Austria 6.8 2.6
Poland 6.2 6.2
Portugal 5.7 3.0
Romania 10.3 0.8
Slovenia 4.9 5.1
Slovakia 4.1 1.9
Finland 4.3 1.4
Sweden 8.3 1.7
United Kingdom 15.1 5.1
Iceland (¹) 6.3 4.6
Norway 10.7 6.5
Switzerland 12.8 4.7
Montenegro (²) 15.1 31.2
North Macedonia 10.2 :
Serbia 31.3 34.0
Turkey (²) 9.5 10.9

(¹) 2016.
(²) 2017.
Source: Eurostat (online data code: ilc_lvho07c)
Bookmark:
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enure status, 2018

Owner-occupied, no Tenant,
Tenant,
outstanding mortgage or rent at reduced
rent at market price
housing loan price or free
5.5 25.1 10.2
4.5 24.9 10.1
1.6 34.8 14.4
16.7 50.1 20.3
4.1 27.9 10.2
7.1 28.9 :
8.6 20.9 16.1
2.7 25.5 6.6
1.2 14.3 5.2
29.0 83.1 8.6
2.6 38.1 10.1
0.6 14.9 8.9
4.9 32.1 6.5
2.6 29.1 8.3
0.2 11.3 0.7
5.8 11.5 6.0
4.9 30.9 13.6
2.3 29.3 24.2
5.9 46.9 19.9
0.3 12.1 1.7
4.0 25.6 7.8
2.4 14.5 7.8
5.1 26.4 6.6
2.0 25.8 4.9
9.7 46.3 20.5
2.8 21.7 6.4
3.1 19.2 7.3
1.8 15.2 7.5
6.4 18.8 0.0
7.0 37.7 20.3
2.1 16.9 12.8
3.6 35.4 6.5
6.6 19.4 14.7
12.1 52.0 18.3
9.8 38.1 12.4
28.9 71.0 38.1
0.9 32.4 1.2
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