Learning Objectives

Attitudes and
Job Satisfaction  Contrast the three components of an attitude.
 Summarize the relationship between attitudes and
behavior.
Instructor: Assoc. Prof. Dr., Pham Thi Bich Ngoc
 Compare the major job attitudes.
 Define job satisfaction.
 Summarize the main causes of job satisfaction.
 Identify three outcomes of job satisfaction.
 Identify four employee responses to
dissatisfaction.

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Contrast the Three Components of an Contrast the Three Components of an

Attitude (1 of 2) Attitude (2 of 2)
 Attitudes are evaluative statements—either favorable or The Components of an Attitude
unfavorable—about objects, people, or events.
– They reflect how we feel about something.

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Summarize the Relationship Compare the Major Job Attitudes (1 of

Between Attitudes and Behavior (1
5)
of 2)
 Job Satisfaction
 The attitudes that people hold determine what they do. A positive feeling about the job resulting from
an evaluation of its characteristics.
 Festinger: cases of attitude following behavior
 Job Involvement
illustrate the effects of cognitive dissonance.
 Degree of psychological identification with the
 Cognitive dissonance is any incompatibility an job where perceived performance is important
individual might perceive between two or more to self-worth.
attitudes or between behavior and attitudes.  Psychological Empowerment
 Belief in the degree of influence over one’s
job, competence, job meaningfulness, and
autonomy.

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1
 Compare the Major Job Attitudes (2 of Compare the Major Job Attitudes (3 of
5) 5)

Organizational Commitment Perceived Organizational Support (POS)

 Degree to which employees believe the
 Identifying with a particular organization and
its goals and wishing to maintain membership organization values their contribution and cares
in the organization. about their well-being.
 Higher when rewards are fair, employees are
 Employees who are committed will be less
likely to engage in work withdrawal even if involved in decision making, and supervisors are
they are dissatisfied, because they have a seen as supportive.
sense of organizational loyalty.  POS is important in countries where power
distance is lower.

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Compare the Major Job Attitudes (4 of Compare the Major Job Attitudes (5
5) of 5)

 Employee Engagement Are these job attitudes really all that distinct?
 The degree of involvement with, satisfaction  No, these attitudes are highly related; and
with, and enthusiasm for the job. while there is some distinction, there is also a
 Engaged employees are passionate about lot of overlap that may cause confusion.
their work and company.

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Define Job Satisfaction (2 of 5) Summarize the Main Causes of

Job Satisfaction
 Job Satisfaction (1What
of 3) causes job satisfaction?
A positive feeling about a job resulting from an  Job conditions
evaluation of its characteristics.  The
intrinsic nature of the work itself, social
 Two approaches for measuring job satisfaction are popular interactions, and supervision are important
predictors of job satisfaction.
 The single global rating.
 Personality
 The summation of job facets.
 People who have positive core self-
evaluations, who believe in their inner worth
and basic competence, are more satisfied
with their jobs than those with negative
core self-evaluations.

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2
 Summarize the Main Causes of Job Outcomes of Job Satisfaction
Satisfaction (3 of 3)

• Job Performance
 Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
– Happy workers are more likely to be productive
 Corporate social responsibility (CSR): self-
workers.
regulated actions to benefit society or the
OCB
environment beyond what is required by law. •

– People who are more satisfied with their jobs are

 Includes environmental sustainability
more likely to engage in OCB.
initiatives, nonprofit work, and charitable
Customer Satisfaction
giving. •

– Satisfied employees increase customer satisfaction

 Increasingly affects employee job
and loyalty.
satisfaction.
• Life Satisfaction
– Research shows that job satisfaction is positively
correlated with life satisfaction.

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Four Employee Responses to

Four Employee Responses
Dissatisfaction (2 of 2)

to Dissatisfaction  Counterproductive Work Behavior (CWB)

 Counterproductive work behavior:
 Absenteeism: the more satisfied you are, the
less likely you are to miss work.
 Turnover:

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The Theory of Cognitive

Dissonance
Cognitive Dissonance
•Any incompatibility between two or more attitudes or
between behavior and attitudes.
•Individuals seek to reduce this gap, or “dissonance”

Desire to reduce dissonance depends on

• Importance of elements creating dissonance
• Degree of individual influence over elements
• Rewards involved in dissonance

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