Antennas and Propagation Laboratory file no.

Name and surname: Chira Carmen Group: 442G Date: 09/11/2021

THE EFFECTS OF AN INFINITE PERFECT CONDUCTOR

1. The radiation resistance of an infinitesimal dipole

f = 300 MHz , λ= 1 m, l = λ/50 = 0.02 m, 𝑹𝑹𝒓𝒓𝒓𝒓𝒓𝒓 =0.315

2. The input impedance of an infinitesimal dipole

Parameters Measured
Resistance (Ri) 0.084
𝐑𝐑𝐑𝐑𝐑𝐑𝐑𝐑𝐑𝐑𝐑𝐑𝐑𝐑𝐑𝐑𝐑𝐑 (Xi) -7383

3. Resonant frequency
Gain Reflection VSWR
[dB] coefficient [dB]
1.74 -1.3*10^-6 1.291 * 10^7

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4. Represent antenna in the 3D Viewer for free space and above real ground.

Free space:

Average:

Answer the following question:

How does the radiation pattern change?

In free space, the radiation is 360 degrees and above real ground the radiation is more
compact.

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5. Optimize the height of the antenna for Theta=[45,-45] and Phi=[0,0]

Nr. Height [m] Gain Observation! What has changed to
Crt. [dB] the radiation pattern?
0 1.5 e-3 -24.46
1 0.1514 2.96 The gain increases
2 0.3012 5.92 The gain increases
3 0.4511 5.12 New lobe is formed
4 0.6009 0.41 New lobe appeared
5 0.7508 -5.01 The process starts for the new lobe
6 0.9006 3.65 New lobe starts to form
7 1.0505 6.37 New lobe appears
8 1.2003 4.56 The process starts again for new lobe
9 1.3502 -3.52 New lobs are splitting
10 1.5 -1.31 The lobs are splitted

Add graphs with 2D radiation pattern for each case!

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Answer the following questions:

a) How does the radiation pattern change depend on the height?
b) At what height does a new lobe appear?
c) For what height is the maximum gain obtained?

a) As the height increases, the radiation pattern develops more lobes.

b) The first new lobe appears at 0.6m, and 1.05m.
c) The maximum gain is obtained at 1.0505m.

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6. The influence of the ground

Dipole Orientation Observation

antenna
Half - Horizontal Real ground
wavelength
Perfect ground
Air
Vertical Real ground
Perfect ground
Air
Infinitesimal Horizontal Real ground
Perfect ground
Air
Vertical Real ground
Perfect ground
Air

Add graphs with radiation pattern in 3D Viewer and 2D in Pattern diagram for
each case!

Infinitesimal – free space - horizontal

Infinitesimal – real ground - horizontal

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Infinitesimal – perfect ground - horizontal

Infinitesimal – free space - vertical

Infinitesimal – real ground - vertical

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Infinitesimal – perfect ground - vertical

Half-wavelength – free space – horizontal

Half-wavelength – real ground – horizontal

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Half-wavelength – perfect ground – horizontal

Half-wavelength – free space – vertical

Half-wavelength – real ground – vertical

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Half-wavelength – perfect ground – vertical

Observation!
You need to compare the two types of antennas (half-wavelength dipole antenna
and infinitesimal dipole antenna) depending on the gain of the antenna and the radiation
pattern of each antenna for all 3 types (ground / free-space).

The differences between the two types of antennas can barely seen.