ARIES GROUP

Quality, Environment, Occupational Health and

Safety Procedure
Doc. Ref.: ARIES/RT/EMP/GEN-01 Rev No: 00 Date: 24 Aug 2016

RADIATION EMERGENCY PLAN

Aries Global Co. LLC

P.O. Box – 1856, PC: 133
Al Khuwair, Muscat

RADIATION EMERGENCY PLAN

Prepared By Reviewed By Approved By

Srinu Aythabathula Jinesh M Abraham Ganesh Babu

ASNT Level II ASNT Level II ASNT Level III

Date:24-08-2016 Date:24-08-2016 Date:24-08-2016

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Quality, Environment, Occupational Health and
Safety Procedure
Doc. Ref.: ARIES/RT/EMP/GEN-01 Rev No: 01 Date: 24 Aug 2016

RADIATION EMERGENCY PLAN

RADIATION SAFETY POLICY

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Quality, Environment, Occupational Health and
Safety Procedure
Doc. Ref.: ARIES/RT/EMP/GEN-01 Rev No: 00 Date: 24 Aug 2016

RADIATION EMERGENCY PLAN

ARIES RT ORGANIZATION CHART

IBRAHIM AL HOSNI
MD

JINESH M ABRAHAM RADIATION

MANAGER- NDT & Inspection SAFETY
ADVISOR

SRINU AYABATHULLA
RPO

THAMEEM
RPO

RT TECHNICIANS

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Quality, Environment, Occupational Health and
Safety Procedure
Doc. Ref.: ARIES/RT/EMP/GEN-01 Rev No: 00 Date: 24 Aug 2016

RADIATION EMERGENCY PLAN

1.0 PURPOSE

The purpose of this plan is to ensure that radioactive isotopes are used safely
and stored securely for that access to these sources is strictly controlled.

This procedure stipulates the requirements for radiation safety of persons handling
gamma radiography, in order to:

a) Ensure that radiography workers and members of the public are not exposed to
radiation in excess of the limits specified by the competent authority and by safety
directives issued from time to time.

b) Reduce radiation exposure below these limits to levels as low as reasonably

achievable.

c) Ensure safe custody, use transportation and disposal of radiography sources and
equipment; and

d) Provide for prevention of hazardous situations and initiation of appropriate

actions to mitigate consequences of radiation emergencies.

2.0 SCOPE

This safety procedure elaborates the provisions relevant to various

industrial radiography operations.

3.0 DEFINITIONS

Sealed Source

A radioactive substance sealed in a container which has sufficient mechanical

strength to prevent contact with a dispersion of the radioactive material under the
conditions of use and wear for which it is designed.

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Doc. Ref.: ARIES/RT/EMP/GEN-01 Rev No: 00 Date: 24 Aug 2016

RADIATION EMERGENCY PLAN

Generators

X-ray equipment generators ionizing radiation which is used in industrial

radiography.

Ionizing Radiation

Electromagnetic radiation such as alpha particle, beta particle, x-ray, gamma ray,
neutron radiation that interacts with matter and cause ionization.

Radioactive materials

Radioactive materials are defined in Oman as any material with an activity

concentration greater than 100 kBq/kg (100 Bq/g).

Classified personnel

Any person who in the course of his work is expected to deal with ionizing
radiation shall be classified. This means that he receives an annual dose equal or
greater than 2mSv/year will undergo an annual medical examination and that is
base line blood count is known.

Controlled Area

An area where dose rate can exceeds 7.5 µSv/h. Controlled area shall be physically
demarcated by means of physical barrier with appropriated warning signs. Only
classified personnel shall enter into a Controlled Area, unless the work is assessed
and can be performed safely.

Supervised Area

An area where dose rate can exceeds 2.5 µSv/h bur does not exceed 7.5 µSv/h.
Entry into supervised areas may be permitted by non-classified personnel if the
work is assessed and can be performed safely.

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Quality, Environment, Occupational Health and
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Doc. Ref.: ARIES/RT/EMP/GEN-01 Rev No: 00 Date: 24 Aug 2016

RADIATION EMERGENCY PLAN

EMERGENCY PREPARDNESS AND RESPONSE

Industrial Radiography Emergency Plans.

GENERAL

1.1 Radiation sources used for industrial purpose have high radiation outputs and are
potentially very hazardous. Incidents have occurred mainly as a result of operator error or
equipment failure, and have resulted in workers and members of the public receiving high
radiation doses

1.2 Typical situations that have led to incidents include damage being caused to the radioactive
source or the exposure device, leading to a source becoming jammed in the exposed
Position, and separation of the source pigtail from the wind-out cable, leading to the source
Being inadvertently left on-site.

1.3 Serious radiation overexposures have occurred when workers have physically handled an
unshielded source, or when a lost radioactive source has been found and taken by a
Member of the public. The dose rates in these situations are high enough to injure people in
a matter of seconds or minutes. In some cases, severe radiation burns have resulted,
necessitating amputation or leading to other serious health consequences.

1.4 In many cases, incidents involving industrial radiography sources could have been prevented
or their consequences could have been mitigated if the following precautions had been
taken:

(a) Radiographers:

-Should be properly trained and qualified, and they should be competent:

-Should follow the local rules and other relevant procedures;

-Should use survey meters before, after and during every exposure;

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Doc. Ref.: ARIES/RT/EMP/GEN-01 Rev No: 00 Date: 24 Aug 2016

RADIATION EMERGENCY PLAN

-Should make regular and appropriate inspections of equipment and survey meters prior
to use;

-Should make proper use of emergency equipment;

-Should make a final survey of the work area before leaving the site.

(b) Radiography equipment (including ancillary equipment) should meet current standards.

1.5. Although prevention of incidents is the first defense, emergencies still occur. Operating
organizations should have emergency plans prepared in advance, so as to be able to respond
quickly and safely to mitigate an incident. Once an emergency is over, a report should prepare.
The report should include a critical review of how the procedures were implemented, what
lessons can be learned to prevent similar incidents in the future, and how the response plans
could be improved.

1.6. This section describes potential incidents and emergencies in industrial radiography and
provides recommendations for the development of emergency plans to mitigate the
consequences of incidents and emergencies.

DEVELOPMENT OF EMERGENCY PLANS

1.7. Requirements on obligations and responsibilities for emergency preparedness and response
are given in the BSS [2] and in two IAEA safety standards [38, 39]. Guidance on developing and
implanting emergency plans and on a step method for developing an integrated capability for
emergency response at the organizational, local and national levels is also available from the
IAEA[40]. When site radiography work is carried out on a client’s premises, the emergency plans
should be discussed with the client.

1.7. Potential incidents that could affect workers, members of the public or the environment
should be identified in the operating organization’s safety assessment. This should be used as a
basis for preparing emergency plans and procedures for responding to such events. A qualified
expert should be consulted, where possible, when drawing up emergency plans and procedures.

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Doc. Ref.: ARIES/RT/EMP/GEN-01 Rev No: 00 Date: 24 Aug 2016

RADIATION EMERGENCY PLAN

1.8. Regulations for the control and management of Radioactive Materials produced by the
Ministry of Environment and Climate affairs , issued by MD (249/97) Dated 6 July 1997.
Amended by: MD (281/2003) dated 31 December 2003, Sultanate of Oman is also considered
for preparing this plan.

TYPES OF EMERGENCY

This Emergency Plan contains the following situations of emergency and appropriate rescue
actions:

Ø LEAKAGE

§ EMEREGENCIES 1 TO 4.

Ø P O L L U T I O N OF STORE

§ EMERGENCIES 5 & 7

Ø F I R E ACCIDENT

§ EMERGENCY 6

Ø E V A C U A T I O N OF STAFF

§ EMERGENCY 2, 4 & 6

Following are some of the emergency scenarios used for radiation accident using Gamma ray
sources;

1. A source becomes stuck in the guide tube or the collimator, or near the entrance to the
exposure device.
2. The shielding of the exposure device is damaged.
3. A source becomes disconnected from its drive cable and remains in the guide tube.
4. A source is projected out of the end of the guide tube.
5. A source is lost.

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RADIATION EMERGENCY PLAN

6. There is a fire.
7. Transportation Emergencies

Preparation and planning are common for most of the Emergency Plans. Those common items
are listed below

Preparation: In case such a situation is reported as an accident as an initial step one has to
prepare & make a necessary planning. Minimum following items are to be arranged and kept at a
place where we are going to carry out the retrieving operation.

· First and foremost thing is a tool box meeting shall be carried out with concerned
personnel. During this process all information related to the accident shall be discussed and
updated to all personnel going to participate in the retrieving activity. All steps to be
followed and actions to be taken are to be discussed. In this process delegations of activities
to be discussed and agreed.
· Arrange an emergency container (lead pot) suitable for the type of isotope & source
Pencil
· Arrange emergency handling tools
o Lead shot bags (2 or 3)
o Calibrated Survey meter
o Fully charged Pocket Dosimeters: One 0-200 Mr range for each person involved in
this process. All this should have valid calibration.
o TLD badge
o CV tong (remote handling tong) 2 meters & 1 meter
o Identify the source type & source strength. Find out exposure rate at one meter.
The exposure rate of Ir-192 and Co-60 are 500 mR/Hr and 1300 mR/Hr at 1 meter
respectively.
o Identify the technicians going to participate in the operation
o A stop watch shall be used for monitoring the time taken for the entire operation

Planning: The planning activities for the Emergency include delegation of activities. Study the
isotope camera detail, source detail and the location of the source. Carry out calculations to
establish the exposure rate at one meter from the radiation source. Carry out a mock drill before
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Quality, Environment, Occupational Health and
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Doc. Ref.: ARIES/RT/EMP/GEN-01 Rev No: 00 Date: 24 Aug 2016

RADIATION EMERGENCY PLAN

Going for an actual retrieval. One person has to be delegated to record the entire operation step
by step and note the time taken during each step

Important steps to be remembered: The technicians going to be involved in the process should
adhere and follow the following steps.

· Technician should not be panic.

· Technician has to be calm, quiet and focused on doing the job correct in the first instant.
· Think twice before carrying out each step.
· One person should give instruction, avoid parallel instructions. If RPS is at site he should
command the entire operation.
· In-order to reduce the exposure follows time distance and shielding principle. Do the
operation at minimum possible time, use always remote tong for handling unshielded
source.
· Carry out cutting and other time consuming operations after the source is shielded with
Temporary shielding.
· Keep the survey meter ON during the entire operation. Monitor the survey meter reading
frequently.

Emergency-1:- A source becomes stuck in the guide tube or the collimator, or near the entrance
to the exposure device

BACKGROUND: It is recognized that the source has struck inside a guide tube during radiographic
operation. This procedure has details some of the steps to be taken during the retrieving operation.
It details the planning, execution and securing the source to bring it to a source container. The
radiation technicians/RPS shall follow these steps while retrieving the source.

Procedure:

· As the source is struck inside the guide tube, it is advisable to drive the source to the end
of the guide tube, if it is possible to drive. In this situation the source location is become
known and will make the retrieval operation bit easier. The driving units driving handle

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RADIATION EMERGENCY PLAN

Should be locked so that the source does not move from its position. A technician to
monitor this during the entire operation
· If it is not possible to drive the source from the current position leave it at this point. The
Driving units driving handle shall be locked.
· If the guide tube is at certain height where it is positioned for some RT job, remove it
from the position and place it on the ground in a flat surface.
· Use a 2 meter tong take a lead shot bag, position it over the end of the guide tube if the
source is driven to its end. Other case where the source position is not known, the lead
bag should be kept on the guide tube near the camera, check the survey meter reading.
Move the lead bag over the guide tube till the survey meter reading is reduced. When the
lead shot bag is placed over the source the radiation level comes down. Adjust the bag such
a way maximum reduction in exposure is obtained. Place more lead bags over the guide
tube till the survey meter reading is reduced significantly. Leave the lead bags at this
position
· Once the source position is identified and the exposure rate is brought down, the next
course of action starts.
· Move the lead pot near to the camera, keep the source housing open for source insert
· Take the cutting pliers
· Cut the guide tube between the lead shot bag and camera. Make sure the cutting is being
carried out on the guide tube and the drive cable not on the source pencil.
· Remove or move the camera and drive cable away from the source position so that the
area is clear for further source retrieval operation. Survey the camera and drive cables
with a survey meter, ensure there is no radiation in this.
· Insert the fire blanket under the cut end of the guide tube
· Use a 2 meter tong pull the cut end of drive cable, the source pencil with some section of
the drive cable comes out. Hold the source near the coupling end, insert the pencil into
the emergency container. Detach the drive cable section from the pencil. Lock the pencil
and cover the emergency container
· Survey the emergency container, remaining section of the guide tube, and the area. Make
sure the source is correctly inserted into the emergency container. Once it is done we are
sure the source is secured.

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RADIATION EMERGENCY PLAN

· The camera and other sections of the driving unit and guide tubes to be sent for full
service and maintenance. The drive cable to be replaced with new one and should have
sufficient length.
· RSO should check the camera, guide tube and driving unit and issue a clearance note for
further use
· The operators should check & record their dosimeter reading
· A de-briefing shall be carried out with all those participated in the operation and other
management personnel to explain how effectively it was carried out. This includes what
went well and what went wrong. A lesson learnt shall be prepared and should be
discussed in a group safety meeting with all RT personnel.

Emergency-2:- Source detached from the drive cable.

BACKGROUND: It is recognized that the source detached from the drive cable during
radiographic operation. This write up has details some of the steps taken for the retrieving
operation. It details the planning, execution and securing the source to bring it to a source
container. The radiation technicians/RSO shall follow these steps while retrieving the source.

Procedure:

As the source is detached from the drive cable, it is advisable to drive the source to the end of
the guide tube. The driving units driving handle should be locked so that the source does not move
from its position. A technician to monitor this during the entire operation

If the guide tube is at certain height where it is positioned for some RT job, remove it from the
position and place it on the ground in a flat surface.

Use a 2 meter tong take a lead shot bag, position it over the end of the guide tube. When the
lead shot bag is placed over the source the radiation level comes down. Adjust the bag such a
way maximum reduction in exposure is obtained. Place more lead bags over the guide tube till
the survey meter reading is reduced significantly. Leave the lead bags at this position.

Move the emergency lead pot near to the camera & keep it open for source pencil insert

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RADIATION EMERGENCY PLAN

Insert the fire blanket under the guide tube.

Disconnect the end guide tube from the other guide tubes or from the camera end.

Unwind the drive cable; remove the camera and driving unit assembly from this area

Use a 2 meter tong remove one by one lead shot bags from the position. Hold the guide tubes dead
end by the tong, lift it and hold it in an angle. Make sure the open end is over the fire blanket. Keep
it at an angle to allow the pencil to slip down on the blanket. Once the source is out, pick the
pencil with the tong and insert it into the lead pot.

Survey the emergency container, remaining section of the guide tube, and the area. Make sure
the source is correctly inserted into the emergency container. Once it is done we are sure the
source is secured.

The camera and other sections of the driving unit and guide tubes to be sent for full service and
maintenance. A proper inspection of the coupling is necessary to identify the problem. Using a go
no-go gauge the coupling end and the spring loaded sockets to be checked.

RSO should check the camera, guide tube and driving unit and issue a clearance note for further
use

The operators should check & record their dosimeter reading

A de-briefing shall be carried out with all those participated in the operation and other
management personnel to explain how effectively it was carried out. This includes what went
well and what went wrong. A lesson learnt shall be prepared and should be discussed in a group
safety meeting with all RT personnel.

Emergency-3:- A source becomes disconnected from its drive cable and remains in the guide
tube.

BACKGROUND: It is recognized that the source guide tube can get damage due to object fallen;
this could be possible while the source is still outside the camera. This procedure details the
steps taken during the retrieving operation. It details the planning, execution and securing the
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source to bring it to a source container. The radiation technicians/RPO Shall follow these steps
while retrieving the source.

Procedure:

As the source is outside the camera and the guide tube is damaged, the source is not damaged.
The driving units driving handle should be locked so that the source does not move from its
position. A technician to monitor this during the entire operation

If the guide tube is at certain height where it is positioned for some RT job, remove it from the
position and place it on the ground in a flat surface.

Use a 2 meter tong take a lead shot bag, position it over the end of the guide tube. When the
lead shot bag is placed over the source the radiation level comes down. Adjust the bag such a
way maximum reduction in exposure is obtained. Place more lead bags over the guide tube till
the survey meter reading is reduced significantly. Leave the lead bags at this position.

· Once the source position is identified and the exposure rate is brought down, the next
course of action starts.
· Move the lead pot near to the camera
· Identify the damaged section of the guide tube.
· Take the cutting pliers
· Cut the guide tube between the lead shot bag and the damaged section. Make sure the
cutting is being carried out on the guide tube and the drive cable not on the source pencil.
· Remove or move the camera and drive cable away from the source position so that the
area is clear for further source retrieval operation. Survey the camera and drive cables
with a survey meter, ensure there is no radiation in this.
· Insert the fire blanket under the cut end of the guide tube
· Use a 2 meter tong pull the cut end of drive cable, the source pencil with some section of
the drive cable comes out. Hold the source near the coupling end, insert the pencil into
the emergency container. Detach the drive cable section from the pencil. Lock the pencil
and cover the emergency container

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· Survey the emergency container, remaining section of the guide tube, and the area. Make
sure the source is correctly inserted into the emergency container. Once it is done we are
sure the source is secured.
· The camera and other sections of the driving unit and guide tubes to be sent for full
service and maintenance. The drive cable to be replaced with new one and should have
sufficient length.
· RPO should check the camera, guide tube and driving unit and issue a clearance note for
further use
· The operators should check & record their dosimeter reading
· A de-briefing shall be carried out with all those participated in the operation and other
management personnel to explain how effectively it was carried out. This includes what
went well and what went wrong. A lesson learnt shall be prepared and should be
discussed in a group safety meeting with all RT personnel.

Emergency-4:- A source is projected out of the end of the guide tube

BACKGROUND: It is recognized that the source has projected out of the guide tube during
radiographic operation. This procedure has details some of the steps to be taken during the
search and retrieving operation. It details the planning, execution and securing the source to
bring it to a source container. The radiation technicians/RPO shall follow these steps while
retrieving the source.

Procedure:

· As the source is out of the guide tube and the location is unknown the first steps is to find
the source. It is advisable to immediately check with the survey meter make a safe
distance circle of the location were the technician has carried out the job, taking a reference
point ‘A’ on the edge of a circle note down the reading on the survey meter and start walking
in parallel direction were the survey meter reading is more that area shall be marked and
shall be marked as point ‘B’.
· Now the same procedure shall be followed from other reference point in the circle
namely ‘C’ and start walking in parallel direction were the survey meter reading is more
that area shall be marked and shall be Marked as point ‘D’.

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· A straight line shall be made through Point ‘B’ and Point ‘D’ and were this point intersect
the source can be found in that location.
· A technician to monitor this during the entire operation
· Use a 2 meter tong take a lead shot bag, position it over the end of the guide tube if the
source is driven to its end. Other case where the source position is not known, the lead
bag should be kept on the guide tube near the camera, check the survey meter reading.
Move the lead bag over the guide tube till the survey meter reading is reduced. When the
lead shot bag is placed over the source the radiation level comes down. Adjust the bag such
a way maximum reduction in exposure is obtained. Place more lead bags over the guide
tube till the survey meter reading is reduced significantly. Leave the lead bags at this
position
· Once the source position is identified and the exposure rate is brought down, the next
course of action starts.
· Move the lead pot near to the camera, keep the source housing open for source insert
· Take the cutting pliers
· Cut the guide tube between the lead shot bag and camera. Make sure the cutting is being
carried out on the guide tube and the drive cable not on the source pencil.
· Remove or move the camera and drive cable away from the source position so that the
area is clear for further source retrieval operation. Survey the camera and drive cables
with a survey meter, ensure there is no radiation in this.
· Insert the fire blanket under the cut end of the guide tube
· Use a 2 meter tong pull the cut end of drive cable, the source pencil with some section of
the drive cable comes out. Hold the source near the coupling end, insert the pencil into
the emergency container. Detach the drive cable section from the pencil. Lock the pencil
and cover the emergency container
· Survey the emergency container, remaining section of the guide tube, and the area. Make
sure the source is correctly inserted into the emergency container. Once it is done we are
sure the source is secured.
· The camera and other sections of the driving unit and guide tubes to be sent for full
service and maintenance. The drive cable to be replaced with new one and should have
sufficient length.

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· RSO should check the camera, guide tube and driving unit and issue a clearance note for
further use
· The operators should check & record their dosimeter reading
· A de-briefing shall be carried out with all those participated in the operation and other
management personnel to explain how effectively it was carried out. This includes what
went well and what went wrong. A lesson learnt shall be prepared and should be
discussed in a group safety meeting with all RT personnel.

Emergency-5:- A source is Stolen or Missing

BACKGROUND: It is recognized that the source has been stolen or missing during daily
inspection. This procedure has details some of the steps to be taken during the search and
retrieving operation. It details the planning, execution and informing the Authority in finding the
source. The radiation technicians/RSO shall follow these steps when the incident is first noticed.

ACTIONS TO TAKE IN THE EVENT OF THE LOSS OR THEFT OF A RADIOACTIVE SOURCE

If it is suspected that a radioactive source has been lost or stolen the following must be notified
· Notify by telephone, with a follow-up email by the Radiation Protection Officer (RPO) to MECA
and CIVIL DEFENCE, within one Hour.
· With the assistance of the MECA and CIVIL DEFENCE, the RPO should coordinate an
immediate search for the missing Source interviewing the source users and also using
monitoring equipment (if appropriate) as an aid to finding the source by detecting its
radioactive emissions.
· When undertaking a preliminary search to attempt to recover missing radioactive
materials, the RPO / Technician should consider
1. where and when the source was last seen or used,
2. the possibility of the source having been ‘borrowed’,
3. whether the source had been locked in a fridge or room, and who has access to
the secure location,

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4. the likelihood of the source having been dropped or left unattended during transit
between areas,
5. the likelihood of the source having been stored in an incorrect location.
· RPO should arrange for All source Movement records to be made available for inspection
as soon as is reasonably practicable.
· The RPO should report the findings of the preliminary search to the MECA by word of
mouth within two hours and by email as soon as is reasonably practicable.
· The conditions of the permits issued by the MECA require ARIES to notify the Agency
without delay if;
1. a malfunction or mechanical damage, or failure of a technique has caused a source
to become
2. Damaged, or if environmental contamination is suspected.
· The permit conditions also require the ARIES to immediately notify the MECA and the
Police (through Emergency Number) of; the loss or theft (or attempted theft) of a
radioactive source.

Emergency-6:- Fire

BACKGROUND: It is recognized that there is a fire. This procedure has details some of the steps
to be taken during the fire extinguishing /Control process. It details the planning, execution and
getting fire under control. The radiation technicians/RSO shall follow these steps when the incident
is first noticed.

Fire in Source Storage room

a) If the fire is noticed, when the radiography camera/source is inside the storage room,
take every possible step to prevent the fire from reaching the storage room.

b) Try to remove the camera from the storage room quickly, to a safe place.

c) Give instruction to the firefighting staff to be at a safe distance from the radiography,
while quenching the fire.

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d) If radiography camera is caught in a fire during storage, cordon the area around storage
room immediately.

e) If radiography camera is caught in a fire during operation, quickly drive back the source
into the camera and remove the camera to a safe place.

f) Try to prevent the fire from reaching the camera, by all possible means. Otherwise, try to
quench the fire at once from a distance.

g) Measure the radiation level around, with a wide range survey meter provided with extension
rod, in order to confirm whether the camera and the source are intact or not.

h) If the camera and the source are not damaged by the fire, remove the camera to a safe
place.

ACTIONS TO TAKE IN THE EVENT OF A FIRE OR FIRE DAMAGE TO RADIOACTIVE SOURCES

· The likelihood of a fire in a laboratory cannot be discounted, and it is therefore important

that the correct actions are followed in order to ensure the effects of fire are not
worsened and / or minimize the effects of damages by fire.
· Aries RPO shall notify the MECA and the Police (through Emergency Numbers)
immediately when fire damage is suspected.
· Only Civil Defense Trained Fire fighters shall be allowed to try extinguishing the fire.
· No attempt should be made to rescue radioactive sources from a lab that is on fire, or
wherein a fire is suspected. Follow procedures outlined in your fire safety training.
· If the Fire Service has flooded the Lab with water the RPO will ensure that all areas
subject to this flood damage are kept out of bounds until contamination surveys have
been carried out.
· The RPO will undertake the necessary contamination surveys and follow-up
decontamination actions with the help of MECA and Civil defense before any other
persons are permitted access to exclusion zones. Aries will liaise with MECA and Police
to erect supplementary containment barriers, and will use specialist equipment
to undertake an intervention.
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Emergency-7:- Transportation Emergencies

BACKGROUND: in the event of Transportation Incident. This procedure has details some of the
steps to be taken during different category of incident with Transportation of radioactive
sources. This procedure has details some of the steps to be taken during the planning, execution
in the likely event of such incident. The radiation Drivers/Technician shall follow these steps
when the incident is first noticed.

Emergency Preparedness

In case of an emergency, follow the emergency instructions that you were given in the
Shipper’s information for Carriers. If you cannot follow the emergency instructions for any
Reason, or if you have any reason to believe the emergency may cause you or the public
to be exposed to contamination or excessive radiation, notify the Authority immediately
by calling

1. Procedural Safety measures:

· Daily source movement is being communicated to RPO via source movement

Notification.
· Contingency or Emergency Contact details during working hours and after hours are as
below;

Contact Persons:

a) Mr: Jinesh M Abraham

NDT MANAGER
MOB: 99170246

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b) MR. Srinu AYTHABATHULA

RPO
MOB: 90370937
c) MR. Mohammed Thameem
RPO
MOB: 93673297

1.1 Vehicle Break down: All radioactive Source vehicles are maintained at vehicle dealers
service center. However, in case of vehicle break down, a replacement vehicle will be
dispatched to take care of the Source movement. Till the replacement vehicle comes the
driver will not leave the place.

1.2 Vehicle Accident: In case of an accident, this will be immediately reported to the RPO and
Project Manager. The driver shall give the full detail of the accident and the extent of the
damage to the vehicle and the condition of the Source.

1.3 Minor accident: The transport vehicle met with accident has not much damage to vehicle
and the Source stored in the designated area. The vehicle can continue its journey without
any immediate repair. Such incident has no concern & no additional steps needed. The
vehicle will be replaced after it returns the Source back to the pit room or other site
storage facility.

1.4 Medium type accident: If the source compartment has no damage and requires no
replacement or special assistant, a replacement vehicle will be sent to transfer the
radioactive source to it. The damaged vehicle will be sent to carriage after shifting the source
to the replacement vehicle. In such case, an escort vehicle to accompany the new vehicle is
required
1.5 Major accident: If there is any damage to the source compartment of the vehicle, the
Driver shall park the car at a remote location and cordon off the area with radiation signal.
He has to make sure that no un-authorized personnel entering the area. He also should
stay at safe distance from the radioactive Source. He should not leave the vehicle
unattended. He should use the survey meter for measuring the leakage radiation. In case
necessary the lead sheets and shoots to be used to contain the radiation. The RPO or
Project Manager will sent out a team of personnel with emergency equipment’s to safe
retrieval & shifting of the radioactive Source.

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2. EMERGENCY PROCEDURE- X- ray generators

2.1. The following steps should be taken in an abnormal situation involving an X ray
generator.

The radiographer (response initiator) should:

(a) Recognize that an abnormal situation has arisen that might constitute an
emergency.
(b) Turn off the electrical power to the radiography equipment until details
such as position, beam direction and exposure settings (tube voltage,
current and time) have been recorded.
(c) Inform the protection officer of what has happened.
(d) Do not use the X ray generator until it has been examined and repaired by
the manufacturer or by a qualified expert.

The radiation protection officer should:

(a) Assess the possible doses that could have been received and prepare a
report.
(b) Return personal dosimeters to the dosimetry service for the purpose of
accurate assessment of exposures.
(c) Prepare an accident report and notify the regulatory body as required.

3. TRAINING AND EXCERCISES

3.1 All persons who will participate in implementing the emergency plans should be
adequately trained for the effective fulfillment of their roles. This should include both
familiarization with and understanding of the plans, together with specific training on
source recovery procedures and on the use of the emergency equipment.

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3.2 Individual workers should implement only those parts of the emergency plans for which
they have been authorized and trained and for which they have the appropriate equipment.
Provisions for training should be reviewed periodically to ensure the continued proficiency
of workers.
3.3 Emergency exercises should be held to test critical components of the emergency
Plans, at intervals that are commensurate with the potential hazard. Any lessons learned
should be fed back into the emergency plans.

4. REPORTING

4.1 The primary objective of emergency preparedness and response should be to mitigate
the consequences of emergencies. However, it should be of similar importance to critically
review situations that have occurred so that the lessons learned can provide feedback for
improving equipment, maintenance procedures, operating procedures and emergency
plans. To this end, a comprehensive report should be made of any emergency or incident.
4.2. Reports of any emergencies or incidents should be prepared by the radiation protection
officer with the assistance of qualified experts if necessary.
The reports should be submitted to senior management and to the regulatory body as
required. If the emergency could have been caused by an equipment malfunction, the
supplier should be noticed so that the equipment can be evaluated and appropriate
action taken.

4.3. A report of an incident or an emergency should include the following:

(a) A description of the incident or emergency, with as much as detail as possible of the
specific equipment involved. The details should include model numbers and serial
numbers wherever possible.
(b) Environmental conditions at the time of the incident or emergency, with particular
reference to whether or not these conditions played any significant part in causing the
emergency or incident or affecting the outcome.
(c) The specific cause of the incident or emergency.

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(d) Details of actions taken to regain control of the situation and to restore conditions to
normal, with special reference to any actions that were notably beneficial or
detrimental.
(e) The training and experience of the personnel involved.
(f) An assessment and summary of the doses received by all affected persons.
(g) Recommendations made with the aim of prevailing similar incidents and emergencies
in the future, and mitigating the consequences if a similar or related incident or
emergency were to occur.
4.4. A copy of the report should be sent to the regulatory body, especially where this
required by the conditions of authorization or by national regulations. The lessons learned
should be communicated to all involved, including the manufacturer if relevant, and any
necessary improvements to enhance safety should be carried out.

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EMERGENCY CONTACT PERSONES

IBRAHIM H AL HOSNI (MD)

Office +968 243903000

Mobile +968 96239777

Mr. SANDEEP K (AGM)
Office +968 24393000

Mobile +968 95915353

Mr. JINESH M ABRAHAM
(AGM- NDT& INSPECTIONS )
Office +96824393000

Mobile +968 99170246

Mr. SINU AYTHABATHULA (R P O)
Office +968 24393000
Mobile +968 90370937
Mr. MHD. THAMEEM (R P O)
Office +968 24393000
Mobile +968 93673297
MECA
(Emergency Contact) Tel. : 24404518

Police (MUSCAT) 9999

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