ACTIVITY #2

PROCESSES AND DISTRIBUTION OF

LANDFORMS ALONG PLATE
BOUNDARIES

Volcanoes are generally described as mountains that emit volcanic products like lava, rocks, ashes,
and gases from the interior of the Earth through its vents. It is also described as mountains that are formed
through the deposit of these volcanic products (Bagley, 2018). Volcanoes have different characteristics. They
are categorized based on their shape and structure and their volcanic activity.
At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:
1. Identify different types of landform and describe their formation processes
2. Identify the different major types of volcanoes in terms of morphology and volcanic activity.

The four basic landforms found at pate boundaries are fold mountains, mid-ocean ridges, ocean
trenches, and types of volcano like the shield volcanoes and composite volcanoes.
Fold Mountains are large mountain ranges where layers of rock within them have been crumpled as
they have been forced together. They can be formed at destructive or collisional plate boundaries, where
tectonic plates are moving together forcing layers of rocks to be crumpled upwards. The layers of rocks can
form two basic features. One is known as anticline, if the folding is up over the feature and a syncline, where
the folding is down over the feature. If the folded rocks in an anticline go over the top of themselves, we get the
feature known as an overfold.
Recent mountain building movements have created the Andes, Himalayas, Alps, and Rockies
mountains. The Himalayas were created from shallow seabed sediments under the Tethys sea, which have
been pushed up and folded as a result of the Indo-Australian plate moving into the Eurasian Plate.
Volcanoes and earthquakes mainly occur along plate boundaries where magma can escape from the
Earth’s mantle or where stresses build up between two plates rubbing together. Faults are fractures or zone of
fractures in rock strata together with movement that displaces the sides relative to one another.
The three major categories of volcanoes based on structure (Bagley, 2018):
Types of Volcanoes in Terms of Structure Characteristics

Cinder Cone Volcano - Steep slope

- Emits ash during eruption
- Wide base
Shield Volcano - Emits lava
- Looks like a shield hence the name
- Half way of having steep slope and wide base
Composite Volcano or Stratovolcano - Emits both ash and lava
A. Identify five volcanoes in the Philippines. Classify each of these volcanoes in terms of morphology and
volcanic activity.

VOLCANO CLASSIFICATION

B. On the world map, mark at least ten locations where notable volcanoes are found across the globe.
You can use your own printed or downloaded blank world map for your answer.

Source: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mercator_Blank_Map_World.png
C. TRIVIA QUESTIONS. Search for the answers for the following trivia questions
1. The highest known mountain in the solar system
2. The highest mountain on earth
3. The highest mountain above earth’s center
4. The tallest mountain on earth
5. The second highest mountain on earth
6. The highest mountain in Columbia
7. The highest mountain in Washington USA
8. The highest mountain in China
9. The highest mountain in British Isles
10. The highest mountain in Japan
11. The highest mountain in Russia
12. The highest volcano in Europe
13. The highest mountain peak in Europe
14. The highest mountain peak in north America
15. The highest peak in Iran
16. The highest mountain in Africa
17. The highest mountain in Australia
18. The highest mountain in central America
19. The highest mountain in Canada
20. The highest mountain in Venezuela
21. The highest mountain in eastern Turkey
22. The highest mountain in Mexico
23. The highest mountain in Antarctica
24. The highest mountain in the Alps
25. The highest summit of Mount Carstensz, Indonesia
26. The highest mountain in Ethiopia
27. The highest mountain in the Island of Borneo
28. The highest mountain in Wales
29. The highest mountain in Argetina
30. The highest mountain in Greece
31. The highest mountain in the Philippines
32. The highest and largest plateau in the world
33. The highest peak in Luzon
34. The highest mountain in the Visayas
35. The highest point in Cavite
36. The mountain dubbed as the “Galapagos of Asia”
37. The longest mountain range in the world
38. The longest mountain range in the world
39. The longest mountain range in the Philippines
40. The longest mountain range in the North America
41. The youngest mountain range in the world
42. The highest mountain system in Europe
43. The deepest trench
44. The deepest place on earth
45. The deepest point of the Atlantic Ocean
46. The deepest point in the Arctic Ocean
47. The deepest point in the Indian Ocean
48. The deepest point in the Southern Ocean
49. The largest volcano in the solar system
50. The world’s largest active volcano
 D. Illustrate and explain the formation of the following:
1. FOLD MOUNTAIN

ILLUSTRATION EXPLANATION

2. FAULT-BLOCK MOUNTAIN

ILLUSTRATION EXPLANATION

3. DOME MOUNTAIN

ILLUSTRATION EXPLANATION
4. VOLCANIC MOUNTAIN

ILLUSTRATION EXPLANATION
5. Illustrate the 4 basic types of volcanoes

References
Aranggo, E. D. (n.d.). Science- Grade 10.
Madamba, J. S. (2016). Experiencing Science An Activity Based Worktext for Grade 10. Sta. Ana, Manila: Innovative Educational Materials Inc.
Sta. Ana, S. T., Simundo Bernas, V. S., Vergara-Macalalad, R. L., & Magleo, L. A. (2016). Exploring the Realms of Science 10. Valenzuela City: JO-ES Publishing House Inc.