United States Department of Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management

BOEM Biostratigraphic Chart of the Gulf of Mexico Offshore Region, Jurassic to Quaternary
Recent through Oligocene Eocene through Jurassic
Time CHRONOSTRATIGRAPHY BIOSTRATIGRAPHY Time CHRONOSTRATIGRAPHY BIOSTRATIGRAPHY
BOEM BOEM
(mya) BOEM BOEM CHRONO (mya) BOEM Planktic & benthic foraminiferal, ostracod (O), BOEM CHRONO
Planktic & benthic foraminiferal Calcareous nannoplanktic Calcareous nannoplanktic
(not to System Subsystem Series Stage Strat Strat ZONE (not to System Subsystem Series Stage Strat radiolarian and dinoflagellate (D) regional and Strat ZONE
regional and local markers regional and local markers regional and local markers
scale) Code Code scale) Code local markers Code
Holocene Q10 Globorotalia inflata 33.89 J3 Hantkenina alabamensis
—0.0118—
P J4 Turborotalia cerroazulensis cocoaensis NJ03 Discoaster saipanensis,
Upper Tarantian PLU r J6 Textularia hockleyensis NJ01 Chiasmolithus consuetus
——0.126——
Q1 Globorotalia flexuosa acme NQ35 Emiliania huxleyi (base of acme) i J14 Subbotina linaperta NJ00 Discoaster barbadiensis
U
NQ01 Gephyrocapsa oceanica flood a J7 Textularia dibollensis
p
NQ55 Gephyrocapsa parallela b J12 Globigerinatheka tropicalis NJ07 Cribrocentrum reticulatum
Q Middle Ionian
NQ16 Pseudoemiliania lacunosa "A" PLM p
o J10 Turborotalia pomeroli EU
e
11 Truncorotalia truncatulinoides coil change, right-to-left NQI Pseudoemiliania lacunosa "B" n J8 Camerina moodybranchensis
r
——0.78—— u Q5
26
Trimosina "A"
Stilostomella antillea
NQ59
NQ36
Gephyrocapsa caribbeanica increase
Pseudoemiliania ovata
i
a
J11
J13
Globigerinatheka semiinvoluta
Globigerinatheka mexicana NCD Micrantholithus procerus
a P
l
C Q0 Trimosina "A" acme
NQ38
NQ39
Reticulofenestra asanoi
Pseudoemiliania pacifica
n J15
C11
Globigerinatheka barri
Nonionella cockfieldensis
NJ10
NJ02
Micrantholithus altus
Sphenolithus obtusus
a —37.80—
t e l
a
17 Sphaeroidinella dehiscens acme "A" NQE
NQ56
Pseudoemiliania lacunosa "C" acme
Gephyrocapsa aperta acme
C27
C0
Acarinina spinuloinflata
Discorbis yeguaensis
NC00
NCG
Chiasmolithus grandis
Campylosphaera dela
i
e s b
r
16
27
Angulogerina magna
Globorotalia incisa
NQ44
NQV
Scyphosphaera pulcherima,
Gephyrocapsa caribbeanica (large)
C1
C3
Eponides yeguaensis
Nodosaria mexicana
t Hyalinea balthica / Trimosina "B" Reticulofenestra asanoi acme Truncorotaloides rohri
r
Q6 NQ40 B 96
i
o a 19 Globorotalia tosaensis tosaensis NQT Helicosphaera sellii a C4 Ceratobulimina eximia
L 36 Sphaeroidinella dehiscens acme "B" NQ51 Lithostromation perdurum r C2 Eponides guayabalensis
n c
e
o
n
Q7 Angulogerina "B" NQW Calcidiscus macintyrei t C14 Truncorotaloides topilensis NC10 Sphenolithus spiniger
w 99 Uvigerina hispida PLL o C15 Clavulinoides guayabalensis
——1.81——
a n
e
e
r
P7
P11
Globorotalia crassula acme,
Globorotalia praehirsuta
NP41
NP50
Discoaster brouweri,
Calcidiscus macintyrei increase
M
n
i
C28
C16
Hantkenina dumblei
Orbulinoides beckmanni
NC02
NC11
Chiasmolithus solitus
Sphenolithus furcatolithoides
r G
e
P3 Cristellaria "S"
i
d
a C5 Operculinoides sabinensis

l
39 Menardella exilis NP42 Discoaster brouweri "A"
d
n C12 Morozovella lehneri EM
y a
21
P12
Menardella menardii coil change, left-to-right
Menardella pertenuis NP43 Discoaster pentaradiatus E
l
C13
024
Acarinina bullbrooki
Radiolarian acme A
s e
P8 Lenticulina 1 o C17 Turborotalia frontosa NCK Sphenolithus radians
i
20 Menardella miocenica C29 Acarinina pentacamerata NC13 Sphenolithus furcatolithoides increase
a —41.20— c
n 23 Bolivina imporcata / "P" NP44 Discoaster surculus L C30 Hantkenina nuttalli
22 Textularia crassisepta / "P" e u C9 Igorina broedermanni NC14 Discoaster wemmelensis

T
40 Ceratobulimina pacifica NP45 Discoaster asymmetricus n t C31 Globigerinoides higginsi NC15 Blackites gladius
——2.59——
P 24 Cassidulina laevigata carinata acme / "L" NP46 Cycloperfolithus carlae e e C6 Cyclammina caneriverensis NC16 Nannotetrina fulgens
i 41 Haplophragmoides emaciatum t C10 Morozovella aragonensis

U
p
a
c
e
25
43
101
Saracenaria "H"
Menardella multicamerata
Siphogenerina lamellata acme
NP47 Discoaster tamalis
e P
i
a
n
C32
C8
Morozovella caucasica
Haplocytheridea stenzeli (O)
NC05
NC06
NC08
Chiasmolithus gigas
Discoaster sublodoensis
Discoaster lodoensis
p PU —47.84—

P
e
r
n
z
i
P9
45
32
Dentoglobigerina altispira = Valvulineria "H"
Sphaeroidinellopsis seminulina
Arenaceous fauna
r a
l
C19
C20
C21
Acarinina soldadoensis
Morozovella quetra
Acarinina angulosa
NXQ

NXR
Discoaster kuepperi

Toweius magnicrassus

t
l a 44 Cibicides grosseperforatus 025 Radiolarian acme B NC07 Rhabdosphaera inflata
n P1 Textularia 1 NP01 Sphenolithus abies
e NXN Chiasmolithus californicus
—-3.58—- i
o P5 Buccella (Eponides) hannai acme o NWA Toweius crassus

c
e Z
98
P16
30
Cibicides marsi
Globorotalia plesiotumida
Globorotalia margaritae
NP02

NP40
Reticulofenestra pseudoumbilica

Pseudosphenolithus abies "B" acme

i g
e
Y
p
C22
C23
C24
Morozovella rex / subbotinae
Morozovella formosa formosa
Acarinina wilcoxensis
NXP

NXS
Tribrachiatus orthostylus

Toweius callosus
L
a
n a Globigerina druryi / bolli Morozovella lensiformis Toweius pertusus
L 46 r X16 NXT
e o
n
31 Globigerina nepenthes n o
e NX02 Discoaster multiradiatus
w
c
P13 Uvigerina rustica NPP Sphenolithus abies "B" PL e
w
s X4 Cytheridea sabinensis (O) NXB Tribrachiatus contortus EL
l e
e
r
i
a
P2
34
35
Buliminella 1
Siphotextularia jugosa / "J"
Sigmoilina "P" / cf. schlumbergeri
NP08

NPY
Amaurolithus tricorniculatus

Dictyococcites antarcticus
r r
i
a
n
X17
X18
X19
Planorotalites chapmani
Morozovella aequa
Morozovella edgari
NX04
NXU
NXV
Toweius eminens
Tribrachiatus bramlettei
Prinsius bisulcus
n
P10
37
P14
Sphaeroidinellopsis multilobata
Globigerinoides mitra
Globorotalia plesiotumida acme
NPA
NP26
Ceratolithus acutus
Discoaster quintatus
y X20
X21
C25
Subbotina velascoensis
Rzehakina epigona
Morozovella acuta
NXW
NXX
NX03
Fasciculithus involutus
Discoaster mahmoudi
Chiasmolithus bidens
—-5.33—-
R1 Textularia 6 026 Radiolarian acme C NXZ Cruciplacolithus frequens
R15 Textularia "X" X3 Morozovella velascoensis NXY Prinsius martinii
42 Bigenerina irregularis / 6 X6 Discorbis washburni NX06 Ellipsolithus distichus
48 Menardella menardii coil change, right-to-left NRW Discoaster quinqueramus X22 Apectodinium homomorphum (D) acme /PETM NX05 Fasciculithus tympaniformis
M —55.96—
e 47 Globorotalia juanai NR30 Discoaster quinqueramus acme T X23 Bathysiphon spp increase NX10 Ericsonia robusta
s R14 Globorotalia primitiva NRE Discoaster berggrenii h NX11 Heliolithus cantabriae
s R22 Sphaeroidinellopsis subdehiscens NRY Reticulofenestra rotaria a X8 Planorotalites pseudomenardii NXA Heliolithus riedelii
i R2 Robulus E, n X24 Acarinina mckannai
n R16 Textularia tatumi NRX Discoaster berggrenii "A" e NX12 Fasciculithus billii
i t
R17 Bolivina denticulata U X7 Morozovella angulata NX13 Fasciculithus ullii
a
59 Reophax davepopei, p i NX14 Fasciculithus janii
n
60 Sphaeroidinellopsis disjuncta
P
p a
n
X25 Trifarina herberti NX07 Heliolithus kleinpelli LU
49 Siphogenerina lamellata increase e X26 Subbotina triloculinoides NX15 Prinsius martinii increase
R4 Bigenerina floridana / "A" NR12 Discoaster berggrenii "C" MUU —59.24—
a r T9 Gyroidina aeris NXC Discoaster diastypus
—-7.25—- 54 Globorotalia acostaensis coiling change, right-to-left l X9 Igorina pusilla pusilla NXD Chiasmolithus danicus
NR08 Discoaster neohamatus, e T10 Gyroidina brevis NT02 Neochiastozygus saepes
Selandian
NR04 Discoaster calcaris T11 Morozovella conicotruncana NXE Cruciplacolithus tenuis
R24 Globigerina nepenthes acme A
o X10 Planorotalites compressa NT03 Cruciplacolithus edwardsii
55 Planulina renzi c NT04 Fasciculithus chowii
—61.61—
U R23 Sphaeroidinellopsis kochi NR02 Discoaster loeblichii e X11 Vaginulina longiforma,
p R5 Cristellaria "K" NR21 Discoaster bellus n T5 Vaginulina midwayensis Nt05 Neochiastozygus eosaepes
p R13 Uvigerina carapitana NR06 Catinaster mexicanus e X12 Parasubbotina pseudobulloides
e R6 Amphistegina "E" L X13 Praemurica uncinata
r R25 Globigerina nepenthes acme B NR07 Minylithus convallis o T3 Praemurica inconstans NT06 Hornibrookina edwardsii

T
R7 Cyclammina 3 NRZ Reticulofenestra gelida acme w Danian T7 Praemurica trinidadensis NT07 Cyclagelosphaera alta LL
R12 Melonis pompilioides increase NR01 Discoaster prepentaradiatus e T8 Globocontusa daubjergensis
—-8.90—-
N o
r
R19 Cibicides trincherasensis, NR16 Discoaster prepentaradiatus increase r T6 Robulus pseudocostata
57 Globorotalia lenguaensis, T13 Parvularugoglobigerina fringa
e t
o
65 Bolivina thalmanni T14 Discorbis newmanae NT08 Neobiscutum parvulum
R8 Discorbis 12 NR09 Discoaster bollii 97 Parvularugoglobigerina eugubina NT09 Neobiscutum romeinii
n
o i 61
62
Globoquadrina dehiscens
Cibicides crebbsi NR00 Discoaster hamatus
—66.04—
M G10 Contusotruncana contusa NK07
NK02
Micula decussata,
Watznaueria barnesae,
a a
g n 53
R9
Robulus 15
Textularia "L"
NRV
NRA
Catinaster calyculus
Catinaster coalitus
a
s
G0
G1
Abathomphalus mayaroensis
Gansserina gansseri
NK00 Micula prinsii

e 56
R10
Cibicides inflata
Cibicides carstensi,
NRC
NR33
Discoaster exilis
Discoaster exilis increase
MLU t
r
G28
G29
Globotruncana linneiana
Rugoglobigerina pennyi
NK03 Nephrolithus frequens FAD
i
n R20
69
Bigenerina 2
Paragloborotalia mayeri
c
h
G11
G2
Globotruncana lapparenti,
Rosita fornicata
e R18 Globorotalia siakensis
Uvigerina 3,
NR25 Helicosphaera walbersdorfensis
Coccolithus miopelagicus
t
i
G30 Pyramidina szajnoche
Globotruncana ventricosa
NK04 Reinhardtites levis
Tranolithus orionatus

T
R11 NRG G3 NK06
M R21 Cibicides carstensi increase a NK05 Uniplanarius trifidus
n
i 74 Haplophragmoides wilsoni acme NKA Aspidolithus parcus constrictus
—72.10—
Discoaster kugleri Globorotalites conicus Reinhardtites anthophorus

e
NBG G9 NKB
—11.63— o
64 Fohsella robusta NB11 Discoaster kugleri increase G12 Globotruncanita calcarata NKD Aspidolithus parcus parcus
c C
e
S
e
63 Robulus 5 / 55 NB20 Calcidiscus premacintyrei MUM a
G31 Anomalina henbesti NKH Broinsonia enormis
Textularia "W" Cyclicargolithus floridanus Planulina taylorensis Eiffellithus eximius

r
r B4 NB04 G4 NKC
—12.20— m
n r 76 Fohsella lobata G32 Kyphopyxa christneri
a p
e v
66 Fohsella fohsi NB05 Discoaster sanmiguelensis
a
G13 Globotruncanita elevata
Fohsella praefohsi Discoaster sanmiguelensis increase Archaeoglobigerina bosquensis Rucinolithus hayi

t
77 NBI G14 NK11
a
B5 Bigenerina humblei
n
NKF Lithastrinus grillii KUU
M
l
l B10 Fohsella peripheroacuta MMM i
a NKG Bukryaster hayi
i
i Gyroidina miocenica Marthasterites furcatus

i
67 n NKI
a G
d n B6 Cristellaria "I" NB23 Discoaster sanmiguelensis acme G25 Marginotruncana coronata NKK Eprolithus floralis
d 68 Fohsella peripheroronda NB06 Sphenolithus heteromorphus u G26 Whiteinella baltica
—13.82— —83.64— l
l Cibicides opima Discoaster petaliformis S Dicarinella asymetrica

a
B7 NB25 G16
e L
a
B11 Praeorbulina sicana NB10 Sphenolithus heteromorphus acme U f a
n
G5 Dicarinella concavata
80 Praeorbulina glomerosa i G33 Marginotruncana schneegansi
n
Globoquadrina dehiscens acme Helicosphaera ampliaperta
p t
Whiteinella inornata

r
B12 NB07 o G17
g a
h
B13 Praeorbulina transitoria NB13 Discoaster deflandrei increase MLM p n
n
i
G18 Marginotruncana sinuosa NK09 Zeugrhabdotus noeliae
79 Globigerinatella insueta K0 Marginotruncana renzi NK08 Quadrum gartneri
i
Globigerinoides bisphericus e a
Marginotruncana sigali Chiastozygus platyrhethus

y
B14 n G35 NKL
a —86.26—
n B8 Amphistegina "B"
NB08 Discoaster deflandrei acme
C r G36
K7
Whiteinella archaeocretacea
Whiteinella paradubia
NKJ Lithastrinus septenarius
—15.97—
B9 Robulus "L" / 43 ND03 Discoaster druggii increase K6 Dicarinella imbricata
D14 Globigerinoides diminutus NBY Discoaster calculosus Coniacian G37 Whiteinella aprica NKM Rhagodiscus achylostaurion

B
D10
D1
Camerina 1,
Robulus 54B = Cristellaria 54 NDR Reticulofenestra gartneri MUL r G39
G6
Hedbergella planispira
Hedbergella amabilis
NK10 Stoverius achylosus

u 75 Saracenaria sp. / "D" K8 Dicarinella hagni

—89.77—
r 82 Catapsydrax stainforthi NDV Sphenolithus disbelemnos K1 Planulina eaglefordensis
—17.95—
d
i
84
D2
Catapsydrax dissimilis
Robulus chambersi, NDG Sphenolithus belemnos
e Turonian
G7
G38
Helvetoglobotruncana helvetica
Dicarinella algeriana
NKS
NKN
Lithraphidites pseudoquatratus
Calculites axosuturalis
g D12 Discorbis bolivarensis / "B" ND00 Triquetrorhabdulus carinatus K2 Praeglobotruncana stephani,
a NDS Orthorhabdus serratus K3 Helvetoglobotruncana praehelvetica
—93.90—
L
o
l
i
100
86
Globigerina binaiensis
Siphogenerina fredsmithi
NB22
NDO
Helicosphaera mediterranea
Sphenolithus conicus MML t K9
K12
Globigerinelloides bentonensis
Ammobacculites agrestis
NKP
NKY
Helenea chiastia
Lithraphidites acutus
w a D3 Marginulina ascensionensis / "A" NDF Discoaster calculosus increase G8 Rotalipora cushmani NKQ Axopodorhabdus albianus
C
e n D15 Bolivina tenuistriata acme G21 Rotalipora greenhornensis NKR Coriollithon kennedyi
e
r 83 Gyroidina 8
a n G22 Rotalipora appenninica NKO Rhagodiscus asper KLU
NDI Cyclicargolithus abisectus o G23 Rotalipora reicheli
85 Globigerinoides primordius NDW Ilselithina fusa m H2 Textularia rioensis
—20.44—
A D4 Siphonina davisi a H9 Fossocytheridea lenoirensis (O)
q —96.16—
Planulina palmerae Sphenolithus dissimilis n Rotalipora gandolfii
c
D6 NDL H11
u
87 Paragloborotalia kugleri i H0 Lenticulina washitensis,
i
t D8 Lenticulina hanseni ND01 Discoaster saundersi a H1 Favusella washitensis
a D9 Lenticulina jeffersonensis = Cristellaria "R" NDX Cyclicargolithus abisectus increase MLL n NKU Braarudosphaera africana
n
NDJ Helicosphaera recta NKZ Hayesites irregularis
i
a NDT Triquetrorhabdulus challengeri
—100.5—
e K11 Globigerinelloides bentonensis increase NKV Braarudosphaera stenorhetha
n ND09 Sphenolithus capricornutus H3 Cythereis fredericksburgensis (O), Cyth. brevis (O) NKT Hayesites albiensis
—23.03—
A1 Discorbis gravelli NA05 Dictyococcites bisectus G27 Planomalina buxtorfi NKX Crucicribrum anglicum
. NAF Sphenolithus delphix, C H12 Ticinella roberti / bejaouaensis
90 Globigerina ciperoensis ciperoensis NA03 Clausicoccus fenestratus o o H10 Rotalipora ticinensis
KUL
91 Globigerina sellii NAE Zygrhablithus bijugatus H20 Biticinella breggiensis
m A
88 Globigerina angulisuturalis NA04 Sphenolithus ciperoensis H21 Coskinolinoides texanus
C A2 Heterostegina texana NO17 Triquetrorhabdulus carinatus acme m l
H6 Dictyoconus walnutensis
U
h
a
A3 Cibicides jeffersonensis NO18 Sphenolithus conicus acme
—103.13—
u a b
i
H23 Rotalipora subticinensis
p
t
A4 Bolivina perca n a
H24 Hedbergella gorbachikae NHL Sollasites falklandensis
p
t
A5 Marginulina idiomorpha OU c n H25 Barkerina barkerensis
e A6 Marginulina vaginata K4 Eocytheropteron trinitiensis (O)
h
r
i
a A7 Marginulina howei s e
H5 Buccicrenata subgoodlandensis KML
P n F2
F3
Camerina "A"
Miogypsinoides "A" a
H7
H26
Orbitolina texana
Hedbergella infracretacea NIJ Diadorhombus rectus
a O F4 Cibicides hazzardi
—112.95—
n H27 Paraticinella transitoria
93 Paragloborotalia opima nana NF00 Sphenolithus distentus H13 Paraticinella eubejaouaensis NHN Assipetra infracretacea
l l
94 Paragloborotalia opima opima NO02 Sphenolithus predistentus H14 Planomalina cheniourensis NIB Nannoconus abundans
i
—28.09— e g
92
F5
Cristellaria "H"
Marginulina texana NF03 Helicosphaera compacta L A
H17
H28
Leupoldina cabri
Gavelinella barremiana
NHM
NIA
Nannoconus bucheri
Nannoconus colomii
o o F6 Bolivina mexicana
o p H15 Globigerinelloides algerianus NHC Micrantholithus obtusus
c F1 Nonion struma t H19 Hedbergella sigali NHI Nannoconus truitti acme
g e O23 Chiloguembelina cubensis NO08 Discoaster nodifer w i H29 Hedbergella trochoidea NHK Nannoconid crisis
Sphenolithus pseudoradians a Micrantholithus hoschulzii
e n O26 Globigerina gortani
NO11
e n H16 Globigerinelloides blowi
NHE
NHO Farhania varolii
n e R F7 Nodosaria blanpiedi r I2 Choffatella decipiens NHH Nannoconus kamptneri
u 95 Turborotalia ampliapertura H30 Epistomina caracolla NHF Nannoconus steinmanni
e L
o
p O27 Globigerina tapuriensis
—126.30—
H18 Favusella hoteriva NHG Conusphaera rothii
e F0 Anomalina bilateralis NO14 Lanternithus minutus I10 Epistomina hechti
w
l NO19 Reticulofenestra circus OL C I9 Lenticulina saxonica NHB Conusphaera mexicana
e
r
i NO20 Sphenolithus akropodus o
Barremian
I8 Clavihedbergella eocretacea NIC Calcicalathina oblongata KLL
a NO09 Isthmolithus recurvus a I11 Lenticulina ouachensis increase NHA Eprolithus antiquus
n —130.77—
O18 Textularia warreni NO01 Reticulofenestra hillae h FLBB Muderongia simplex (D) NIE Lithraphidites bollii
O22 Pseudohastigerina micra NO00 Reticulofenestra umbilica NIF Speetonia colligata
O21 Loxostoma "B" NV05 Helicosphaera reticulata
u Hauterivian I7 Everticyclammina virginulina NIG Cruciellipsis cuvillieri
O19 Cibicides pippeni i NIH Tubodiscus verenae
O25 Turborotalia increbescens NO03 Ericsonia formosa l NHP Eiffellithus windii
—133.88—
NO10 Ericsonia subdisticha acme a NII Rucinolithus wisei
33.89 O20 Cibicides mississippiensis NO21 Ericsonia formosa increase n Valanginian I12 Conoglobigerina helvetojurassica NIK Micrantholithus speetonensis
U13 Globuligerina oxfordiana
—139.39—
Depth I4 Schuleridea acuminata (O)
in I13 Lenticulina busnardoi
meters Berriasian U14 Epistomina stellacostata NIL Polycostella senaria
Sea Level
0 U1 Anchispirocyclina lusitanica
100 —145.01—
Transitional – I5 Hutsonia vulgaris / callahani (O), NUH Lotharingius sigillatus
200
Inner Shelf Middle Shelf Outer Shelf U7 Galliaecytheridea postrotunda (O) NUA Hexalithus noelae
1 2 3 Upper Slope 500 U17 Kumubia palastiniensis
4 U9 Buccicrenata italica increase NIM Polycostella beckmanni
Bathymetric Zonation Middle Slope U11 Lenticulina quenstedti NUG Watznaueria britannica increase
1000
Tithonian
U3 Epistomina uhligi NUB Stephanolithion bigotii bigotii
Code Zone Depth Range in meters 5
J U U6 Alveosepta jaccardi NUJ Anfractus harrisonii
1 Transitional – Inner Shelf 0 – 20
1500 u p U5 Epistomina mosquensis
U12 Paalzowella feifeli
2
3
Middle Shelf
Outer Shelf
20 – 100
100 – 200 Lower
r p U4 Reinholdella A increase JU
—152.10—
4 Upper Slope 200 – 500 Slope 2000 a e FLJT Gonyaulacysta jurassica (D)
Kimmer. U15 Haplophragmoides canui NUK Crepidolithus perforatus
5 Middle Slope 500 – 1000 6
Abyssal s r U16 Praekumubia crusei
6 Lower Slope 1000 – 2000 —157.30—
Alveosepta jaccardi acme Lotharingius crucicentralis
7 Abyssal >2000
7 2500
s UV4
UV1 Reinholdella crebra,
NUI

i Oxfordian UV2 Epistomina regularis, NUC Stephanolithion bigotii maximum

References used for Mesozoic and Cenozoic age determination and stratigraphic units c UV5 Globuligerina oxfordiana increase NUL Ansulasphaera helvetica
UV3 Epistomina coronata NVA Stephanolithion hexum
—163.50—
Applied Biostratigraphix, 2006, Global Biostratigraphic Chart Mesozoic Calcareous Nannofossils, Houston. UV10 Lophocythere interrupta (O) NUM Lotharingius velatus
Applied Biostratigraphix, 2009, Neogene Gulf of Mexico Biostratigraphic Chart, Houston. UV6 Satorina apuliensis
Applied Biostratigraphix, 2009, Paleogene Gulf of Mexico Biostratigraphic Chart, Houston. Middle Callovian UV7 Globuligerina calloviensis NUN Pseudoconus enigma JM
Armentrout, J. M., 1996, High resolution sequence biostratigraphy: examples from the Gulf of Mexico Plio-Pleistocene, in J. A. Howell and J. F. Aitken, eds., High-resolution sequence stratigraphy: innovations UV8 Reinholdella crebra increase, NUE Stephanolithion speciosum
and applications: Geological Society Special Publication 104, p. 65-86. 166.10 UV9 Garantella ornata
Ascoli, P., 1984, Epistominid biostratigraphy across the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary on the northwestern Atlantic shelf: Benthos 83, International Symposium on Benthic Foraminifera, Pau, p. 27-34.
Ascoli, P., C. W. Poag, and J. Remane, 1984, Microfossil zonation across the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary on the Atlantic margin of North America, in G. E. Westermann, ed., Jurassic-Cretaceous biochronology and BOEM Gulf of Mexico Resource Evaluation Revised January 1, 2018
paleogeography of North America: Geological Association of Canada Special Paper 27, p. 31-48. Robert B. Witrock (504) 736-2718
Bolli, H. M., J. B. Saunders, and K. Perch-Nielsen, eds., 1985, Plankton stratigraphy, volume 1: planktic foraminifera, calcareous nannofossils and calpionellids: Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 509 p.
Bolli, H. M., J.-P. Beckmann, and J. B. Saunders, 1994, Benthic foraminiferal biostratigraphy of the south Caribbean region: Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 408 p.
Breard, S. Q., A. D. Callender, and M. Nault, 1997, Application of bathyal foraminiferal events to the Neogene through Pleistocene biostratigraphic framework of the Gulf of Mexico basin: Gulf Coast Association of
Geological Societies Transactions, v. 47, p. 66-73.
Breard, S. Q., A. D. Callender, and M. Nault, 2000, Gulf of Mexico basin Late Tertiary deep-water biostratigraphic zonation: relationship to standard shelf foraminiferal and calcareous nannofossil marker terminology: Gulf

LEGEND
Coast Section Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists Foundation Twentieth Annual Research Conference Deep-water Reservoirs of the World, December 3-6, 2000, Houston.
Brenchley, P. J., and D. Harper, 1998, Palaeoecology: ecosystems, environments and evolution: London, Chapman and Hall, 402 p.
Cohen, K.M., Finney, S.C., Gibbard, P.L. and Fan, J.-X., 2013, The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart, Episodes, v. 36, no. 3, pp. 199-204.
Gradstein, F. M., 1976, Biostratigraphy and biogeography of Jurassic Grand Banks foraminifera: Maritime Sedim. Spec. Publ., v. 1B, p. 557-583. All foraminiferal markers are extinction points (LADs) unless otherwise indicated.
Gradstein, F.M., Ogg, J.G., Schmitz, M.D., and Ogg, G.M., eds, 2012, The Geological Time Scale 2012, Amsterdam, Elsevier, 2 vols., 1144 p. The calcareous nannoplanktic markers are mainly coccolith species LADs. Dinoflagellates and palynomorphs are occasionally used.
Grigelis, A. and P. Ascoli, 1995, Middle Jurassic-Early Cretaceous foraminiferal zonation and paleoecology of offshore eastern Canada and the East European Platform, Geol. Surv. Canada, O.F. 3099, 25 p. Planktic foraminifera and radiolarians are indicated in blue font, i.e., Globigerina nepenthes. or Radiolarian acme A
Huber, B.T., and Leckie, R.M., 2011. Planktic foraminiferal species turnover across deep-sea Aptian/Albian boundary sections. Journal of Foraminiferal Research, 41(1): 53-95. Arenaceous foraminifera are indicated in red font, i.e., Alveosepta jaccardi.
Jiang, M..M., 1993, Miocene Sequence Biostratigraphy of the Northern Gulf of Mexico, Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies Transactions, v. 43, p. 137-143. (O) indicates an ostracode species, (D) indicates a dinoflagellate species.
Jones, R. W., and M. D. Simmons, eds., 1999, Biostratigraphy in production and development geology, Geological Society of London Special Publication 152, 318 p. LAD: Last Appearance Datum
Lawless, P. N., R. H. Fillon, and R. G. Litton III, 1997, Gulf of Mexico Cenozoic biostratigraphic, lithostratigraphic, and sequence stratigraphic event chronology: Gulf Coast Association of Geological FAD: First Appearance Datum
Societies Transactions, v. 47, p. 271-282. Species LADs separated by a virgule (the diagonal mark "/") indicates either synonymous species or synchronous species.
Olson, H.C., J.W. Snedden and R. Cunningham, 2015, Development and application of a robust chronostratigraphic framework in Gulf of Mexico Mesozoic exploration, Interpretation, v. 3, no. 2, p. SN39-SN58. Species LADs separated by "=" indicates synchronous species.
Picou, E. B., Jr., B. F. Perkins, N. C. Rosen, and M. J. Nault, eds., 1999, Gulf of Mexico basin biostratigraphic index microfossils - a geoscientist's guide: foraminifers and nannofossils, parts I and II, Oligocene through Two or more species LADs separated by a comma indicate synchronous species LADs.
Pleistocene foraminifers: Gulf Coast Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists Foundation, 215 p (for example, Discoaster bollii, Catinaster calyculus are two separate but time-equivalent coccolith extinction points).
Rosen, R.N., N.C. Rosen, and M.J. Nault, eds., 2001, Gulf of Mexico basin biostratigraphic index microfossils - a geoscientist's guide: foraminifers, parts III, Paleocene through Eocene: Gulf Coast Society of Economic BOEM Chronozone: A body of rock formed during the same time span, bounded by biostratigraphic or correlative seismic markers.
Paleontologists and Mineralogists Foundation, 138 p.
Styzen, M. J., 1996, Late Cenozoic chronostratigraphy of the Gulf of Mexico: Gulf Coast Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists Foundation, chart, 2 sheets.
Total Biostratigraphic Services, 1994, Miocene/Oligocene biostratigraphic chart (Gulf of Mexico): New Orleans. References to this chart should be as follows:
Waterman, A. S., 2014, Biostratigraphic chart, Gulf of Mexico Neogene (version 2014_1107): Paleo-Data, Inc., New Orleans. Witrock, R. B., 2017, Biostratigraphic chart of the Gulf of Mexico offshore region, Jurassic to Quaternary,
Waterman, A. S., 2017, Bioevent ages, Gulf of Mexico USA : Paleo-Data, Inc., New Orleans. U. S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, New Orleans.