C, DS, C++ Page 1 of 8 Technical Questions By K V Ramana

Technical Questions
C Language:
1. What is C?
2. What are the features of C language?
3. Who developed C language?
4. What are various versions of C language?
5. What do you mean by a compiler, linker and loader?
6. What are the various steps involved in executing a C program?
7. What are the files created while executing a C Program?
8. What is an identifier and what are the rules used to construct identifiers?
9. What is a keyword? How many numbers of keywords are there?
10. What is a variable?
11. How to declare and initialize a variable?
12. What is a token and list out some examples of tokens?
13. How to include comments in C?
14. What is the full form of <conio.h> and for what this header file is used?
15. What are the different kinds of data types in C?
16. What are the different types of type qualifiers or type modifiers?
17. Which are called signed qualifiers and unsigned qualifiers?
18. What are the different types of constants in C?
19. What is the minimum and maximum values range of integers?
20. What is the minimum and maximum values range of floats?
21. What is the memory size of long int and short int variables?
22. What is a symbolic constant and how it is defined?
23. What is the importance of const keyword?
24. What are the different types of operators available in C?
25. List out the symbols of arithmetic operators?
26. List out the symbols of relational operators?
27. List out the symbols of logical operators?
28. List out the symbols of assignment operators?
29. List out the symbols of bitwise operators?
30. List out the symbol of conditional operator?
31. List out the symbols of increment and decrement operators?
32. What is a unary operator and give examples of unary operators?
33. What is a binary operator and give examples of binary operator?
34. What is a ternary operator and give examples of ternary operator?
C, DS, C++ Page 2 of 8 Technical Questions By K V Ramana

35. What is a conditional operator and write the syntax of it?

36. What is the difference between pre increment and post increment operators?
37. What is the difference between = and == operators?
38. What is type casting?
39. What are the different types of expressions?
40. What do you mean by operator Presidency and Associativity?
41. What are the different types of input and output functions in C?
42. What is the use of getchar() and putchar() functions?
43. What is the use of gets() and puts() functions?
44. What are the different types of format specifiers used in C with printf() and
scanf() functions?
45. What are the different types of escape sequence characters used in C?
46. List out some of the mathematical library functions defined in math.h header
file?
47. What is the structure of a C program?
48. What are the different types control statements in C?
49. What are the loop control statements in C?
50. What are the decision-making control statements in C?
51. What are the differences between while and do-while loops?
52. Write the syntax of for loop and draw the flow chart?
53. Write the syntax of while loop and draw the flow chart?
54. Write the syntax of do-while loop?
55. Write the syntax of switch-case?
56. Draw flow-chart of if-else?
57. What is the importance of break?
58. What is the importance of continue?
59. What is the importance of exit() function?
60. What is the header file to include if the program contains exit() functions?
61. What are differences between break and continue?
62. What are the differences between break and exit?
63. What is an array?
64. What are the different types of arrays?
65. What is a one dimensional array?
66. What is a multidimensional array?
67. What is the syntax to declare an array variable?
68. What is an index or subscript?
69. How to initialize an array variable?
C, DS, C++ Page 3 of 8 Technical Questions By K V Ramana

70. What is the starting element index in a one-dimensional array? Why?

71. What is the starting element index in a two dimensional array?
72. What do you mean by fixed length array and variable length array?
73. What is a function? What are the different types of functions?
74. What are the advantages of functions?
75. What is the syntax to define a function?
76. Define actual parameters and formal parameters?
77. What is the syntax of return statement and its use?
78. How many values the return statement returns from called function to calling
function?
79. What is function prototype?
80. What are the different types of function designs?
81. What is the scope of a variable?
82. What is a local scope and Global scope of a variable?
83. Define recursion? What are the limitations of recursion?
84. What are the differences between iteration and recursion?
85. What the three types of inter function communication?
86. How to pass an array as an argument to the function?
87. What are the various object attributes?
88. Describe the scope rules of a variable?
89. What are the storage classes in C?
90. What is the importance of storage classes?
91. What is the difference between auto and static variables?
92. What are the properties of auto variable?
93. What are the properties of static variable?
94. What are the properties of extern variable?
95. What are the properties of register variable?
96. Define preprocessor command?
97. What are the various preprocessor commands?
98. What is a macro? How to define it?
99. What are the differences between a macro and a function?
100. What is a string?
101. What is the meaning of the symbol ‘\0’?
102. How to declare and initialize a string?
103. List out string input-output library functions?
104. What are the various string library functions / string manipulation functions?
105. What are the various single character library functions?
C, DS, C++ Page 4 of 8 Technical Questions By K V Ramana

106. How to convert string to integer?

107. What is importance of array of strings?
108. What is a pointer?
109. How to declare and initialize a pointer?
110. What is a void pointer?
111. What is a null pointer?
112. What is the size of a pointer variable?
113. What is pointer to pointer?
114. What is the use of * and & operators?
115. How to create a pointer to variable?
116. What is pointer arithmetic and what are the valid and invalid operations on
pointers.
117. What are the different ways of passing parameters from calling function to
called function?
118. What is call by value, call by address?
119. What is dynamic memory allocation, deallocation and related library functions?
120. Write the syntax for malloc() function and free() function?
121. What is the difference between malloc() and calloc() functions?
122. Write a program to check whether the given string is palindrome or not using
pointers.
123. Write a program to find reverse of a string using pointers?
124. Discuss the concept of array of pointers?
125. What is a structure?
126. What is the syntax to declare and define a structure?
127. How to initialize a structure?
128. What is the difference between array and structure?
129. How to access the structure members?
130. What are the various operations can be performed on structure variables?
131. What is the importance of array of structures?
132. How to define nested structures?
133. How to pass structures to function as arguments?
134. How to declare a pointer to a structure?
135. How to access structure members using a pointer?
136. What is self-referential structure?
137. What is union?
138. What is the importance of enum keyword?
139. What is the importance of typedef keyword?
 C, DS, C++ Page 5 of 8 Technical Questions By K V Ramana

140. What is the importance of bit-fields and how to represent bit-fields inside a
structure?
141. What are the differences between structure and union?
142. What do you mean by command-line arguments?
143. What is argc and argv?
144. What is a file?
145. List out differences between text file and binary file?
146. What are the various states of a file?
147. How to open and close a file?
148. List out different types of file input-output functions?
149. What are the various file status functions?
150. What are the various file positioning functions?
151. What are the various system file operations?
Data Structures:
152. What is searching?
153. What are various searching techniques?
154. Discuss the procedure of liner search with an example?
155. Discuss the procedure of binary search with an example?
156. What do you mean by sorting?
157. What are the various sorting techniques?
158. Discuss the procedure of bubble sort with an example?
159. Discuss the procedure of selection sort with an example?
160. What is a data structure?
161. What are the different types of data structures?
162. What do you mean by linear and non-linear data structures?
163. What is a stack?
164. What is principle of a stack?
165. What are the operations performed on stack?
166. Differences between stack and array?

167. What is pop operation?

168. What is push operation?
169. What the stack overflow condition?
170. What is stack underflow condition?
171. What is top?
172. What are the applications of stack?
173. What are two representations of a stack?
174. What is a queue?
C, DS, C++ Page 6 of 8 Technical Questions By K V Ramana

175. What is the principle of a queue?

176. What are the operations performed on queue?
177. What is Enqueue operation?
178. What is dequeue operation?
179. What is condition for queue overflow?
180. What is condition for queue underflow?
181. How to perform insertion and deletion operations on queue?
182. What are rear and front pointers in queue?
183. What are the applications of queue?
184. How to represent a queue?
185. What is a linked list?
186. How to perform insertion and deletion in linked list?
187. What is the structure of a node in a linked list?
188. How many number of data fields and link fields allowed in a node?
189. What is a circular linked list?
190. What is a doubly linked list?
191. What are infix, pre and post expressions and give one example for each?
192. What is the postfix notation of A*B+C-D/E?
193. How to convert infix to post fix expression?
194. How to evaluate postfix expression?
195. What is a polynomial and how to add two polynomials? What is the data
structure is used to add two polynomials?
196. What is a Binary Tree?
197. What are the differences between Tree and a Binary Tree?
198. What is the height and depth of a Tree?
199. What is the degree of a Tree?
200. What are the different ways to represent a Binary Tree?
201. What are the different ways Binary Tree Traversals?
202. Define a graph?
203. What is a directed graph and undirected graph?
204. What is a weighted graph?
205. What are the different ways to represent a graph?
206. How a graph is represented using Adjacency Matrix representation?
207. How a graph is represented using Path Matrix representation?
208. What are the graph traversal methods?
209. What is BFS and DFS traversals?
210. What is a spanning tree?
 C, DS, C++ Page 7 of 8 Technical Questions By K V Ramana

C++:
211. What are the differences between C and C++?
212. What is C++?
213. What is the comment symbol used in C++ and what it is called?
214. What is the need of Object oriented programming languages.
215. What are the disadvantages in Procedure oriented programming languages.
216. What are the differences between procedure oriented programming languages
and object oriented programming languages.
217. What are the Basic Object Oriented programming principles?
218. What are the differences between a structure and a class?
219. What is abstraction?
220. What is a class?
221. What is an object?
222. What is Encapsulation?
223. What is Inheritance?
224. What is polymorphism?
225. What is function Overloading and its advantage?
226. What are reference parameters?
227. What is the importance of Scope resolution operator(::)
228. What is inline function and its advantage.
229. What is friend function and its advantage?
230. What are default arguments in function and its advantage?
231. What is the importance of new and delete operators?
232. What are the differences between malloc() and new.
233. What is syntax to define a class?
234. What are the visibility labels or access specifiers in C++?
235. What is the difference between private and protected?
236. What are the characteristics of static data members?
237. What is a constructor and its use?
238. When the constructor will be called?
239. What is a destructor and its use?
240. When the destructor will be called?
241. What is Constructor overloading?
242. What is the importance of Copy constructor?
243. What is operator overloading?
244. What are the operators cannot overload?
C, DS, C++ Page 8 of 8 Technical Questions By K V Ramana

245. While overloading unary operator, how many arguments u have to write in
operator overloading function, it is member function?
246. While overloading unary operator, how many arguments u have to write in
operator overloading function, it is friend function?
247. While overloading binary operator, how many arguments u have to write in
operator overloading function, it is member function?
248. While overloading binary operator, how many arguments u have to write in
operator overloading function, it is friend function?
249. What are the different types of access specifiers or visibility labels?
250. What is the importance of protected in inheritance?
251. Explain about public, private and protected?
252. What are the differences between private and protected?
253. What are different forms of inheritance?
254. How to make private members inheritable?
255. What is the importance of inheritance?
256. What is multiple inheritance?
257. What is multilevel inheritance?
258. What is an abstract class?
259. What is virtual base class?
260. What is polymorphism and the types of polymorphism?
261. Differences between function overloading and function overriding?
262. What is virtual function?
263. What is pure virtual function?
264. What are the manipulators in C++?
265. What is a template and different types templates?
266. What is function template and Class template?
267. What is exception? Explain some exceptions?
268. What is the importance of try, catch, throw constructs.