სსიპ სოხუმის სახელმწიფო უნივერსიტეტი

საბუნებისმეტყველო მეცნიერებათა, მათემატიკის,ტექნოლოგიებისა

და ფარმაციის ფაკულტეტი

ლეილა სულავა

MS Excel MS PowerPoint

ლექციების კრებული

თბილისი
2020
 მოცემული სახელმძღვანელო წარმოადგენს ლექციების კურსს ისეთი საოფისე პროგრამების
სასწავლებლად, როგორებიცაა MS Excel და MS PowerPoint. ძირითადად, სახელმძღვანელო
განკუთვნილია ბაკალავრიატის სტუდენტებისათვის. წიგნში მოყვანილია როგორც თეორიული
მასალა, ასევე პრაქტიკული მაგალითები, გრაფიკული ილუსტრაციები. ეს ხდის მოცემულ კურსს
უფრო მოქნილს და იძლევა მასალის გადმოცემის ვარირების საშუალებას.

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 სარჩევი

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 ლექცია 1
MS Excel
eqselis sawyisi fanjara

Excel –is programaSi Sesvla da muSaoba SegviZlia:

Start - mTavari meniudan saofise programebSi SesvliT da
Excel -ze moqmedebiT, anu Semdegi gziT:
Start/All Programs/Microsoft Office/Microsoft Office Excel
Excel –is failis Seqmna SesaZlebelia agreTve ekranis
samuSao areze (Desktop) konteqsturi meniudan (Tagvis marjvena
Rilakze moqmedebiT gamosuli meniu) New brZanebebis jgufSi
Microsoft Office Excel Worksheet-ze moqmedebiT (ix. sur.1).
orive SemTxvevaSi ixsneba eqselis sawyisi fanjara, romlis
interfeisi Sesabamisi aRwerebiT warmodgenilia sur. 2-ze.
satitulo zolis marjvniv, rogorc vxedavT, ganlagebulia
fanjris marTvis Rilakebi. fanjris dapataravebisas lenta
sruli saxiT aRar Cans, Cndeba mxolod brZanebaTa jgufebis
saxelebi Semcirebuli RilakebiT.
CanarTebis marjvniv moTavsebulia sacnobaro Rilaki
kiTxvis niSnakiT, romelic F1 Rilakze moqmedebiTac gamoiZaxeba.
unda aRvniSnoT, rom Excel gaumjobesebuli sacnobaro
sistemiT gamoirCeva, nebismier sabrZanebo RilakTan an
obieqtTan Tagvis maCveneblis mitanisas Cndeba Sesabamisi
ganmarteba.
eqselis failebic (samuSao wignebi), iseve rogorc Word-is
dokumentebi, avtomaturad inaxeba standartul saqaRaldeSi - My
Document.
satitulo zoli (ix. sur. 2) xSirad saTauris zolis saxeliTac
moixsenieba. eqselis calkeuli faili warmoadgens eqselis
samuSao wigns, romelsac avtomaturad erqmeva saxeli: Book1,
Book2, … gansxvavebiT teqsturi procesorisagan, romelic Tavis
failebs avtomaturad arqmevs saxelebs Document1, Document2...
eqselis samuSao wigns xSirad literaturaSi samuSao davTris
saxeliTac moixsenieben.
eqselSi muSaobis dros satitulo zolSi yovelTvis Cans aqtiuri
wignis saxeli (romelSic vmuSaobT). roca samuSao
magidaze ramdenime eqselis failia gaxsnili, maTgan mxolod
erTia aqtiuri.
eqselis samuSao wigni Sedgeba furclebisagan:
Sheet1, Sheet2, ..., rogorc Word-is faili Sedgeboda gverdebisagan
(pages).
saTauris zolSi Tagvis marcxena Rilakze orjer
moqmedebiT xdeba fanjris dapataraveba, ganmeorebiTi
moqmedebiT ki xdeba aRdgena, ise rogorc es fanjris
marTvis Sua RilakiT (fanjris dapataraveba/gaSla) xdeba.

3
sur. 1. failis Seqmna Excel-is programaSi

sur.2. Excel-is sawyisi fanjris interfeisi

4
 ofisis Rilaki (OFFICE BUTTON)

sur.3 ofisis Rilaki

eqselis fanjris ukiduresad marcxena kuTxeSi

moTavsebulia ofisis Rilaki - Office Button (ix. sur. 3). masze
moqmedebiT ixsneba fanjara (ix. sur. 4), romlis marcxena
mxares ganTavsebulia standartuli brZanebebi: NEW - axali failis Seqmna,
Open - arsebuli failis gaxsna, Save - Senaxva, Save As Senaxva sxva
saxeliTa da saWiro formatiT, Print - beWdva, wina versiisgan gansxvavebuli
brZanebebi: Prepare (momzadeba), Send (gagzavna) da Publish
(gamocema). standartuli brZanebebis marjvniv moTavsebuli
paneli ori nawilisagan Sedgeba, pirvel nawilSi
“Recent Documents” (sur. 4) CamoTvlilia im failebis saxelebi,
romlebTanac bolo dros vmuSaobdiT.

sur. 4. eqselis parametrebis fanjris gamoZaxeba

am versiaSi SesaZlebelia bolo dros namuSevari

maqsimum 50-mde samuSao wignis - eqselis failebis CamonaTvlis
gamotana, gansxvavebiT wina versiisgan, sadac mxolod 9 faili
saxeldeboda.
ofisis Rilakis fanjris meore nawilSi qveda mxares
ganTavsebulia eqselis parametrebis fanjris Rilaki - Excel Option
da Excel-dan gamosvlis brZaneba - Exit Excel.
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 eqselis parametrebis fanjridan (Excel Options) SegviZlia
davayenoT sxvadasxva parametrebi.
rogor davafiqsiroT bolo dros namuSevari
failebis raodenoba eqselis parametrebis fanjaraSi?
bolo dros namuSevari eqselis failebis raodenoba (Recent Documents)
avtomaturad 17-mde aRwevs, Tumca Cven SegviZlia davafiqsiroT sxva
odenobac Tu vimoqmedebT Office Button/Excel Option brZanebaTa
Tanmimdevrobaze da gaxsnili fanjridan Rilakze - Advanced. navigaciis
Rilakebis saSualebiT Display ganyofilebaSi `Show this number of Recent
Documents” dialogur velSi vafiqsirebT sasurvel raodenobas, mag.
4-s da vmoqmedebT OK –ze, maTi maqsimaluri raodenoba ar unda
aRematebodes 50-s.
eqselis parametrebis fanjridan SesaZlebelia
agreTve eqselis interfeisis Secvla, amisTvis
sakmarisia vimoqmedoT brZanebaTa TanmimdevrobiT:
Office Button/Excel Option/Popular /Color scheme, sadac CamoTvlili siidan
avirCevT romelimes - Blue, Silver an Black.

swrafi wvdomis paneli

ra daniSnuleba gaaCnia swrafi wvdomis panels?

sur. 5 swrafi wvdomis paneli

swrafi wvdomis paneli - Quick Access Toolbar (ix. sur. 5)

gankuTvnilia yvelaze xSirad. wvdomis Sesasulebel brZanebaTa
Rilakebis ganTavsebisTvis maTTan swrafad mimarTvis mizniT panelze
swrafi standartulad ganlagebulia sami brrZanebis Rilaki:
- Senaxvis, - brZanebis gauqmebis da - brZanebis
aRdgenis. masze SesaZlebelia ganTavsdes brZanebaTa Rilakebi
sxvadasxva CanarTebidan, misi gawyoba damokidebulia
momxmarebelze. amdenad, igi SeiZleba warmovadginoT rogorc
damakavSirebeli Zvel da axal versiaTa interfeisebs Soris.

ra mdebareobebi SeiZleba ekavos swrafi wvdomis

panels da rogor movaxdinoT misi adgilmdebareobis
Secvla?

swrafi wvdomis panels SeiZleba hqondes ori

mdebareoba: lentis zemoT an qvemoT.

6
 .

sur. 7. swrafi wvdomis panelis

konteqsturi meniu

sur. 6. swrafi wvdomis panelis punqtebi

swrafi wvdomis panelis ganTavseba lentis qvemoT xdeba

mis ukidures marjvena kuTxeSi moTavsebul samkuTxa siis
Rilakze moqmedebiT da Show Below the Ribbon brZanebis gaaqtiurebiT
(ix. sur. 6).
swrafi wvdomis panelis ganTavseba lentis zemoT xdeba
Show Above the Ribbon brZanebis gaaqtiurebiT1;
swrafi wvdomis panelis gadaadgileba SesaZlebelia
agreTve swrafi wvdomis panelis areSi (da ara mis boloSi
moTavsebul samkuTxa isarze) konteqsturi meniudan (Tagvis
marjvena Rilakze moqmedebiT) brZanebis - Show Quick Access Toolbar
Below the Ribbon gaaqtiurebiT (ix. sur. 7).

rogor wavSaloT swrafi wvdomis panelze brZanebaTa

Rilakebi?

swrafi wvdomis panelidan romelime sabrZanebo Rilakis

wasaSlelad Tagvis mimTiTebels davayenebT wasaSleli
brZanebis Rilakze da masze vimoqmedebT konteqsturi meniudan
brZanebaze - Remove from Quick Acess Toolbar.

1es brZaneba am panelSi Cndeba im SemTxvevaSi, Tu swrafi wvdomis paneli

lenti qvemoTaa.

7
 rogor davamatoT swrafi wvdomis panelze brZanebaTa
Rilakebi?
swrafi wvdomis panelze Rilakebis damateba SegviZlia
sxvadasxva gziT:
1. swrafi wvdomis panelis standartuli brZanebebidan.
mis ukidures marjvena kuTxeSi moTavsebul samkuTxa siis
Rilakze moqmedebiT ixsneba fanjara (ix. sur. 6),
romlis pirvel nawilSi CamoTvlilia xSirad
ganmeorebadi brZanebebis sia, maTgan romelimes
gaaqtiurebiT (e.i. arCeul brZanebaze Tagvis marcxena Rilakze
moqmedebiT) Sesabamisi Rilaki (sur. 6-is mixedviT: Save, Undo, Redo)
ganTavsdeba swrafi wvdomis panelze;
2. lentadan – am SemTxvevaSi lentaze unda movnaxoT is
brZaneba, romlis damatebac gvinda (magaliTisTvis
,,Copy”) da am brZanebis konteqsturi meniudan gamosul
fanjaraSi gavaaqtiuroT brZaneba: Add to Quick Access Toolbar(ix.sur. 8)

sur. 8 lentidan Rilakis damateba swrafi wvdomis panelze

3. More Commands-ze moqmedebiT (ix.sur. 6), swrafi wvdomis

panelis ukidures marjvena kuTxeSi moTavsebul samkuTxa siis
Rilakze moqmedebiT gaxsnili fanjridan (ix. sur. 9)
movniSnavT dasamatebeli brZanebis Rilaks da vimoqmedebT
“ADD”-ze, yvela sasurveli brZanebis arCevis dasrulebis
Semdeg ki vmoqmedebT “OK”-ze.
SecdomiT gadatanili Rilakis gauqmeba SegviZlia misi
moniSvniT da “Remove”-ze moqmedebiT.

4. swrafi wvdomis panelis konteqsturi meniudan - Cutomize

Quick Access Toolbar (ix. sur. 8) da lentadan romelime
Rilakze konteqsturi meniudan (ix. sur. 9). orive
SemTxvevaSi ixsneba brZanebebis siis fanjara (ix. sur. 10),
sadac ukve aRwerili gvaqvs brZanebaTa Rilakebis damatebis

8
 procesi.
5. eqselis parametrebis fanjridan: Office Button/Excel
Option/Customize (ix. sur. 10). ixsneba sur. 9-ze warmodgenili
fanjara.

sur.9 sabrZanebo Rilakebis damateba swrafi wvdomis panelze

sur. 10. brZanebebis damateba swrafi wvdomis

panelze eqselis parametrebis fanjridan.

9
 sakvanZo cnebebi eqselSi

ujra – warmoadgens samuSao furclis umcires struqturul

erTeuls. igi SeiZleba Seicavdes monacemebs teqstis, ricxviTi
mniSvnelobis, formulis an formatirebis parametrebis saxiT. cxrilSi
rom SevcvaloT ujris simaRle an sigane, saWiroa SevcvaloT striqonis
simaRle an svetis sigane. ujraSi SeiZleba movaTavsoT
araumetes 32768 simbolo. srul samuSao gverdze aris 17.179.869.184 ujra.
misamarTi _ warmoadgens ujraze mimarTvis ZiriTadi elements.
misamarTis gamoyenebiT SeiZleba movZebnoT samuSao wignis nebismieri
ujra. ujris misamarTis Sedgena xdeba im svetis saTauris da
striqonis nomris mixedviT, romelTa TanakveTasac warmoadgens
mocemuli ujra. (magaliTad, C svetisa da me-7 striqonis
TanakveTaze mdgomi ujris misamarTia C7).
wignis furceli – monacemebis Setana da gamoTvlebi xorcieldeba
wignis furcelze. furceli dafarulia badiT, romelic Sedgeba 16 384
svetisa da 1.048.576 striqonisagan. monacemebis sxvadasxva formiT
warmodgenisTvis gamoiyeneba furclebis sxvadasxva tipebi.
lenti – warmoadgens Excel 2007 samomxmareblo interfeisis mTavar
elements, romelic gamoCdeba ekranze programis gaSvebisTanave.
wigni _ eqselSi samuSao furclebi, diagramis
furclebi da makrosebi gaerTianebulia erT dokumentSi, romelsac
wigns uwodeben. gaCumebis principiT TiToeuli wigni Sedgeba sami
furclisgan. konteqsturi menius daxmarebiT damatebiT SeiZleba CavsvaT
an amovSaloT CvenTvis saWiro furclis iarliyebi. samuSao wignis yvela
furceli inaxeba erT failSi.
moniSvna _ vidre ujraSi monacemebs SevitanT an ujris
Semadgenlobas SevcvliT, aucilebelia ujris moniSvna. moniSnul ujras
aqtiurs uwodeben. brZanebebi sruldeba mxolod moniSnul ujrebze.
monacemebis Setana SeiZleba mxolod aqtiur ujraSi.
diapazoni (Range) _ aris eqselis samuSao furclis ujrebisgan
Semdgari marTkuTxa bloki.
formatireba – es aris Excel –is samuSao furclis garegnuli
iersaxis gaformeba, rac xels uwyobs samuSao furcelze arsebuli
monacemebis aRqmas.
formula – warmoadgens Excel-is ZiriTad instruments, romelic
eleqtronul cxrilebs aZlevs did upiratesobas teqstur redaqtorTan
SedarebiT, sadac SeiZleboda martivi cxrilebis Sedgena. formulebis
gamoyenebiT SeiZleba movaxdinoT ara marto martivi operaciebis
Sesruleba (Sekreba, gamokleba, gamravleba, gayofa) aramed urTulesi
statistikuri da finansuri operaciebis Catarebac. formula miuTiTebsE
Excel-s, Tu romeli gamoTvlebia Sesasrulebeli. rogorc wesi, ujrebSi
formula ar aisaxeba, aq Cans gamoTvlis Sedegi. gamoyofili ujris
formulis naxva SeiZleba formulis striqonSi. formulebi unda
iwyebodes “=” simboloTi.
mimarTva _ miuTiTebs furclis ujras an ujraTa diapazons da
Excel-s gadascems Setyobinebas im monacemebis adgilmdebareobis
Sesaxeb, romlebic unda gamoviyenoT formulaSi. mimarTvebis saSualebiT
SesaZlebelia mivmarToT, rogorc amave, ise sxva wignebis
10
furclebis ujrebs. agreTve SegviZlia ramodenime formulaSi
gamoviyenoT erTi da imave ujris monacemi. sxva wignis ujrebTan
mimarTvas kavSirebi hqvia.
funqcia _ Excel-Si gamoTvlebis gasaadvileblad gamoyenebulia mza
funqciebis didi raodenoba. maTi saSualebiT SesaZlebelia SevasruloT
maTematikuri, teqsturi da logikuri operaciebi. funqciebSi argumentad
ricxvebis garda gamoiyeneba ujrebis an diapazonis misamarTebi, saxelebi
an sxva funqciebi. funqciis akrefa xdeba klaviaturidan an funqciis
ostatis saSualebiT.
argumenti _ aris raime mniSvneloba (ricxvi, teqsti, ujrebze
mimarTva), romelsac iyenebs funqcia operaciis Sesasruleblad.
operatori _ aris operaciis pirobiT aRniSvna (niSani an simbolo:
`+~ _ plusi, `-~ _ minusi, `* ~ _ gamravleba, `/~
_ gayofa da sxv.), romelic gansazRvravs gamoTvlis tipsa da
Tanmimdevrobas formulaSi.
filtri – aris siis romelime Canaweris moZebnis saSualeba
gansazRvruli pirobis mixedviT. Excel-s gaaCnia filtraciis ori brZaneba:
avtomaturi gafiltvris brZaneba, romelic saSualebas gvaZlevs
gamoviyenoT gafiltvris martivi kriteriumebi;
gafarToebuli gafiltvris brZaneba, romelic Seicavs
gafiltvris damatebiT SesaZleblobebs.
makrosi _ aris brZanebebisa da Excel-Si Cvens mier Sesrulebul
moqmedebaTa Tanmimdevroba, romelsac gaaCnia Tavisi
saxeli da gamoiyeneba zogierTi operaciebis avtomaturi
SesrulebisTvis.
stili – aris teqsturi procesorebisTvis damaxasiaTebeli
saSualeba da warmoadgens formatirebis elementebis erTobliobas.
ujrebisTvis raime stilis miniWebiT maT erTdroulad daeniSnebaT
yvela is elementi, romelic stilSia gaerTianebuli.

MS Excel 2010-is amuSaveba

Excel 2010-is asamuSaveblad davaWiroT Start (dawyeba) Rilakze da

gavxsnaT Windows (fanjara) - is mTavari meniu, avirCioT punqti Programs
(programebi) da gamosul qvemeniuSi davaWiroT punqtze Microsoft Excel 2010.
misi amuSaveba SeiZleba agreTve samuSao magidaze moTavsebul
Excel-is iarliyze orjer daWeriT.
Tu Tqven mudmivad muSaobT Excel-Si, mizanSewonilia moiqceT ise,
rom Windows (fanjara)-is gaSvebisas igi avtomaturad amuSavdes. amisaTvis
ki saWiroa, movaxdinoT Excel-is iarliyis kopireba Startup (CatvirTva)
saqaRaldeSi. (Startup-Si SevdivarT Semdegnairad: Start/ All Programs/ Startup
(dawyeba/programebi/CatvirTva)). Excel-is iarliyis kopirebisTvis
davaWiroT TiTi Tagvis marjvena Rilakze da gadavasrialoT Startup
(CatvirTva) saqaRaldeSi, Semdeg avuSvaT TiTi Rilaks da konteqsturi
meniudan avirCioT Copy (asli).

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 MS Excel 2010-is programidan gamosvla

muSaobis damTavrebisas aucilebelia davxuroT Excel. amis

ganxorcieleba ramdenime xerxiT SeiZleba:
1. brZanebiT Office Button/Exit Excel (ofisi/eqselidan gamosvla);
2. Excel-is fanjris daxurvis Rilakze (X) daWeriT;
3. RilakTa kombinaciiT <Alt>+<F4>.

lenti

Excel 2010 samomxmareblo interfeisis mTavar elements warmoadgens

lenti, romelic gamodis TiTouli CanarTis fanjris zeda sazRvarTan,
tradiciuli meniusa da instrumentebis panelis magivrad (sur. 11).

sur. 11. lenti

lentis daxmarebiT SesaZlebelia swrafad movZebnoT saWiro

brZanebebi, romlebic ganlagebulia logikur jgufebad da
ganTavsebulia CanarTebSi.
lentis Secvla instrumentebis paneliT an Excel-is wina versiis
meniuTi ar SeiZleba. ekranze samuSao are rom gavzardoT,SeiZleba
lenti CavkecoT (an davabrunoT). amisaTvis ki saWiroa:
davaWiroT Customize Quisk Access Toolbar (swrafi SeRwevis paneli)
Rilaks (sur. 12).

sur. 12. lentis Cakecva

12
 meniuSi avirCioT brZaneba Minimize The Ribbon (lentis Cakecva);
lenti Caikeceba xolo CanarTebis dasaxeleba darCeba (sur. 13).

sur. 13. Cakecili lentis fanjara

lentis aRdgenisTvis saWiroa orjer davaWiroT aqtiuri CanarTis

saxels an gamoviyenoT RilakTa kombinacia Ctrl + F1.
TiTeuli CanarTis lentis Sedgeniloba mudmivia da ar icvleba.
CanarTze ar SeiZleba arcerTi elementis Camateba an amoReba.

CanarTebi

Excel 2010-is yvela brZaneba ganlagebulia Svid CanarTSi: Home

(mTavari), Insert (Camateba), Page Layout (gverdis moniSvna), Formulas
(formulebi), Data (monacemebi), Review (recenzireba), View (xedi). saWiro
CanarTze gadasasvlelad sakmarisia davaWiroT CanarTis dasaxelebas.
TiToeuli CanarTi dakavSirebulia garkveuli saxis
moqmedebis SesrulebasTan. magaliTad, CanarTi Home (mTavari),
gaixsneba programis gaSvebisTanave da Seicavs iseT elementebs
romlebic saWiroa muSaobis sawyis etapze: teqstis akrefa, redaqtireba
da formatireba. CanarTi Page Layout (gverdis moniSvna) gamoiyeneba
dokumentis gverdebis parametrebis dasayeneblad. CanarTi Insert
(Camateba) gamoiyeneba dokumentebSi sxvadasxva obieqtebis Casamateblad
da sxva.

formulebis paneli

sur. 14. formulebis paneli

lentis qveviT moTavsebulia formulebis paneli

13
(sur. 14). formulebis panelis marcxena nawils uwodeben
saxelis grafas, sadac gamoisaxeba aqtiuri ujris misamarTi.
magaliTad, roca saxelis grafaSi gamoCdeba misamarTi C2. es imas
niSnavs, rom aqtiuri ujra mdebareobs mesame svetisa (C sveti) da meore
striqonis gadakveTaze.
Tu mocemul momentSi gaaqtiurebulia C2 ujra da mas gindaT
mianiWoT raime saxeli, daaWireT Tagvis marcxena Rilaks saxelis
grafaSi, SeitaneT TqvenTvis sasurveli saxeli da daaWireT Enter (Setana)
Rilaks. saxelis grafis marjvena mxares moTavsebulia formulis
paneli, sadac Tqven SegiZliaT SeitanoT da redaqtireba gaukeToT
teqsts, ricxvebs da formulebs. Tu SeitanT
monacemebs ujraSi an daiwyebT mis redaqtirebas, aqtiuri ujris
misamarTis marjvena mxares gamoCndeba sami Rilaki: Cansel (gauqmeba,
romelic gamosaxulia simboloTi “X”), “ ” (Setana) da (Insert
Function -funqciebis Casma). Rilaki Cansel (gauqmeba) igive operacias
asrulebs, rasac Rilaki <Esc>. Setanis Rilaki igive operacias asrulebs,
rasac Rilaki Enter (Setana). instrumenti Insert Function (funqciebis Casma)
gaTvaliswinebulia funqciis Sesatanad formulebis striqonSi.

statusis paneli

Status Bar (statusis paneli)-ze Cans warwera Ready (kiTxva) romelic

asaxavs mocemul momentSi Excel-is aqtiuri furclis mdgomareobas da
agreTve klaviaturis mdgomareobasac, Tu romeli funqciuri Rilakia
CarTuli.
am panelSia moTavsebuli agreTve kalkulatori,
romelic gamoTvlis:
1. saSualo ariTmetikuls – Average (saSualo):
2. mniSvnelobaTa raodenobas – Count (daTvla):
3. cifrebis raodenobas sxvadasxva tipis Canawerebs
Soris – Count Numerical ( ricxviTi monacemebis daTvla);
4. udides mniSvnelobas – Max (maqs);
5. umcires mniSvnelobas – Min (min);
6. moniSnuli ujrebis mniSvnelobaTa jams – Sum (jami) da sxva.

amocanaTa paneli

amocanaTa panelze ganlagebulia rogorc aqtiuri, aseve

araaqtiuri amocanebis dasaxelebaTa Rilakebi. Sesabamis
Rilakebze TiTis daWeriT SeiZleba gadavideT erTi amocanidan
meoreze da gavxsnaT es dokumenti. imisaTvis, rom gamovaCinoT (an
Sesabamisad, ar gamovaCinoT) gaxsnili dokumentebis Rilakebi amocanaTa
panelze, saWiroa: davaWiroT jer Office Button (ofisi) 1 Rilakze
(sur. 5) da Semdeg Excel Options (eqselis parametrebi) Rilakze.
gamova dialoguri fanjara Excel Options (eqselis parametrebi).
davaWiroT mis marcxena mxareze moTavsebul Advanced (damatebiT)
kategorias. Marjvena mxaresgamoCndeba Display veli, davayenoT (an,

14
Sesabamisad, movxsnaT) alami Show all windows in the Taskbar-Si.

swrafi SeRwevis panelze Rilakebis damateba

swrafi SeRwevis paneli moTavsebulia Excel-is fanjris zeda

marcxena mxares. masze moTavsebuli Rilakebi imeoreben danarTSi
arsebul xSirad gamoyenebad funqciebs. maTi daniSnulebaa saqmis
gaadvileba momxmareblisaTvis. romelime RilakTan kursoris miyvanisas
gamoCndeba misi daniSnuleba.

sur. 15. swrafi SeRwevis panelze Rilakebis damateba

imisaTvis rom davumatoT Rilakebi swrafi SeRwevis panelze,

davaWiroT jer Office Button (ofisi) 1 Rilakze (sur. 15) da Semdeg Excel
Options (eqselis parametrebi) Rilakze. gamova dialoguri fanjara Excel
Options (eqselis parametrebi). davaWiroT mis marcxena mxareze
moTavsebul Customize (morgeba) kategorias. marjvena mxares
gamoCndeba Choose Commands From (brZanebis arCeva) veli,
romlis isarze daWeriT gamova kategoriebi, sadac avirCevT
CvenTvis saWiro brZanebas, da davawvebiT ADD (damateba) Rilaks.
brZanebis Rilaki gadava swrafi SeRwevis panelze. Tu romelime Rilaki
aRar dagvWirdeba, movniSnavT mas da vixmarT brZanebas remove (waSla).
instrumentebis mowyobis Semdeg davawvebiT OK Rilaks.
Rilakebis Secvla SeiZleba aseTnairadac: davaWiroT swrafi
SeRwevis panelis 2 Rilaks (sur. 15) da meniuSi avirCioT saWiro
elementis dasaxeleba. elementi romelic moniSnulia es imas
niSnavs rom igi gamotanilia panelze.

Excel – is samuSao wigni

dokumentebi, romlebzedac xorcieldeba muSaoba Excel-Si, atarebs

samuSao wignis saxelwodebas. TiToeul samuSao wigns aqvs sakuTari
saxeli da inaxeba diskze calkeuli failis saxiT. wignis fanjara
momxmareblis ZiriTadi samuSao obieqtia. igi gamoiyeneba
monacemTa Sesanaxad da maT dasamuSaveblad. gaCumebis principiT Excel
axal samuSao wigns TanmimdevrobiT aniWebs saxelebs Book1, Book2, Book3
(wigni 1, wigni 2, wigni 3) da a.S. wignis diskze Caweris Semdeg mas
mieniWeba failis saxeli, romelic aisaxeba wignis fanjris saTauris
zolSi.
eqselSi dasaSvebia muSaoba ramdenime samuSao wignTan

15
erTdroulad. amitom TiToeuli maTganisaTvis gaixsneba sakuTari
fanjara. aqtiuri an mimdinare, SeiZleba iyos mxolod erTi samuSao
wigni.
romelime samuSao wignis gaaqtiurebisTvis unda SevasruloT
erTerTi Semdegi moqmedebebidan:
menius zolze gavxsnaT Office Button (ofisis Rilaki) da CamoSlili
CamonaTvalidan avirCioT saWiro samuSao wignis saxeli;
davaWiroT TiTi Rilakebis kombinacias <Ctrl>+<Tab> manamde, sanam ar
gamoCndeba saWiro samuSao wignis saxeli;
davaWiroT TiTi Rilakebis kombinacias <Alt>+<Tab> manamde, sanam ar
gamoCndeba saWiro samuSao wignis saxeli;
avirCioT Windows (fanjara)-is amocanaTa panelze saWiro samuSao
wignis saxeli.

axali wignis Seqmna

Microsoft Excel-is gaSvebisas avtomaturad iqmneba carieli samuSao

wigni, romelic Sedgeba sami furclisgan. aucileblobis SemTxvevaSi
furclebis raodenoba SeiZleba gavzardoT. imisaTvis, rom SevqmnaT
standartuli samuSao wigni, unda gamoviyenoT qvemoT CamoTvlili
xerxebidan erT-erTi:
SevasruloT brZaneba Office Button/New (ofisi /axali). mTavari
fanjris marjvena mxares gamoCndeba fanjara Blank and recent (carieli da
saboloo). carieli wigis Seqmnis SemTxvevaSi orjer unda
davaWiroT funqcias Blank Workbook (carieli samuSao wigni). Tu
gvinda rom wigni SevqmnaT arsebuli Sablonis safuZvelze,
avirCioT saWiro Sabloni Installed Templates (Sablonis dadgena)
jgufidan da orjer davaWiroT mis niSans;
swrafi SeRwevis panelze davaWiroT Rilaks New (axali) –“
”;
klaviaturaze erTdroulad davaWiroT TiTi Rilakebis
kombinacias <Ctrl>+<N>.

wignis daxurva

imisTvis, rom davxuroT samuSao wigni, unda avirCioT brZaneba

Office Button /Close (ofisi/daxurva). analogiuri efeqti SeiZleba miviRoT
Tu wignis fanjris zeda marjvena kuTxeSi moTavsebul <X> Rilakze
vimoqmedebT TagviT. Tu samuSao wigni ar iyo Senaxuli, daxurvis win
gamodis dialoguri fanjara SekiTxviT, saWiroa Tu ara SevinaxoT
samuSao wigni am cvlilebiT. Tu gvinda failis Senaxva, maSin
vimoqmedoT Rilakze Yes (diax), Tu ara da _ Rilakze No (ara).
wignis daxurva SeiZleba RilakTa kombinaciiT <Ctrl>+<F4>.

arsebuli wignis gaxsna

MS Excel 2010-dan diskze arsebuli wignis gaxsna ramdenime xerxiT

SeiZleba:

16
 SevasruloT brZaneba Office Button /Open (ofisi/gaxsna). an swrafi

SeRwevis panelSi moTavsebul Open (gaxsna) – “ ” piqtogramaze

vimoqmedoT Tagvis marcxena Rilakze. am dros gamova dialoguri
fanjara Open (gaxsna), Look in (moiZie) –is gaSlil konteqstur
meniuSi movZebnoT mexsierebis diski, sadac moTavsebulia Cveni faili,
davaWiroT kursoriT, ris Semdeg diskis dasaxeleba Cajdeba Look in
(moiZie) velSi da gaixsneba folderebisa da failebis sia. movniSnoT
sasurveli faili da vimoqmedoT Open (gaxsna) brZanebaze.
ukanasknelad ganxiluli ramdenime failis saxeli
inaxeba agreTve menius Office Button (ofisi) punqtSi, saTanado saxelze
Tagvis marcxena Rilakis daWeriT SeiZleba nebismieri maTganis gaxsna;
diskze arsebuli wignis gaxsna SeiZleba agreTve uSualo Windows
2010 –dan. amisaTvis unda vimoqmedoT Start (dawyeba) Rilakze, gaSlil
meniuSi vimoqmedoT My Recent Documents (bolo dokumentebi)
brZanebaze. miRebul dialogur fanjaraSi unda movZebnoT saWiro faili
da mis saxelze davaWiroT Tagvis marcxena Rilaks. faili gaixsneba.

wignis Senaxva

axali wignis Senaxvisas rogorc ukve viciT mas avtomaturad

eniWeba saxeli Book1, (wigni 1), Book2 (wigni 2), Book3 (wigni 3). da a.S,
zogadad Book n (wigni n), sadac n erTiT izrdeba yoveli axali wignis
Seqmnisas. es aris droebiTi saxeli, romelic mizanSewonilia wignis
SeqmnisTanave.
Cven SegviZlia axali faili movaTavsoT myari diskis
an diskis nebismier saqaRaldeSi, an uSualod diskze da mivaniWoT
survilisamebr nebismieri saxeli. failis SenaxvisTvis unda SevasruloT
Semdegi moqmedebebi:
1. SevasruloT brZaneba Office Button /Save (ofisi/Senaxva);
2. dialoguri fanjris Save As (Seinaxe rogorc), File name (failis
saxeli) velSi SevitanoT failis dasaxeleba;
3. davaWiroT Rilaks Save (Senaxva).
samuSao wignis Senaxva SeiZleba swrafi SeRwevis zolSi
moTavsebuli Save (Senaxva) RilakiT.
samuSao wignis Senaxvis kidev erTi varianti –
gamoviyenoT Rilakebis kombinacia <Ctrl>+<S>.

wignis Senaxva sxvadasxva formatSi

wignis Senaxva sxvadasxva formatSic SeiZleba. amisaTvis saWiroa

SevasruloT Semdegi moqmedebebi:
1. SevasruloT brZaneba Office Button /Save As (faili/Seinaxe
rogorc) an gamoviyenoT klaviaturaze funqciuri
Rilaki <F12>;
2. velis Save As type (sxva tipad Senaxva) CamoSlil siaSi
avirCioT saWiro formati;
3. velSi File name (failis saxeli) avkrifoT failis saxeli;

17
 4. davaWiroT Rilaks <Ok>.

kolontituli

kolontituli es aris informacia, romelic wamZRvarebuli

aqvs gverds TavSi an qvemoT ZiriTadi teqstis aris gareT.
rogor davayenoT zeda da qveda kolontituli samuSao
furcelze?
kolontitulis Casma SeiZleba Semdegi brZanebaTa
TanmimdevrobiT:
Insert/Header &Footer , sadac Header gansazRvravs zeda
kolontituls,
Footer - qveda kolontituls.
Header &Footer /Options brZanebaTa jgufSi ganisazRvreba
kolontituli romeli gverdebisTvisaa daniSnuli.
kolontituli SeiZleba yvela gverdisTvis saerTo iyos
(roca Options brZanebaTa jgufSi ar aris gaaqtiurebuli Different
First pages da Different Odd & Even pages);
Different First pages CamrTvelis gaaqtiureba niSnavs, rom mxolod
pirveli gverdis kolontituli iqneba gansxvavebuli,
danarCenebi erTnairi iqneba, Different Odd & Even pages gansazRvravs
kent da luw gverdebze sxvadasxva kolontitulebs.

furclis masStabi

statusis zolis ukidures marjvena qveda kuTxeSi

moTavsebulia furclis warmodgenis masStabi (ix. sur. 16).
ფurclis ekranuli gamosaxulebis masStabirebisas yvelaze umcires
masStabs warmoadgens - 10%, yvelaze maqsimalurs - 400 %, minus da
plius niSniT aRniSnuli RilakebiT xdeba masStabis

sur. 16 furclis masStabireba

isriT xdeba 10-dan 400-mde nebismieri sididiT

18
furclis warmodgenis masStabis regulireba.
masStabis regulireba SesaZlebelia TviT
masStabis procentul maCvenebelze moqmedebiTac (ix. sur.
16). am dros gamoitaneba masStabis fanjara Zoom, sadac
SegviZlia vimoqmedoT romelime masStabis aRmniSvnel CamrTvelze,
im SemTxvevaSi ki, Tu saWiro masStabi ar aris
warmodgenili suraTze, vimoqmedebT Custom- ze da CavwerT
sasurvel masStabs.
Fill selection CamrTvelis gaaqtiurebiT masStabi gaxdeba
maqsimaluri - 400%.
furclis warmodgenis masStabireba SesaZlebelia agreTve
View CanarTis Zoom Rilakis saSualebiTac, sadac CamoiTvleba
masStabirebis sxvadasxva variantebi.

rogor SevcvaloT moniSnuli aris masStabi?

moniSnul areze vimoqmedoT View CanarTis Zoom
brZanebaTa jgufidan Zoom to selection RilakiT.
rogor vmarToT moniSnuli aris masStabi TagviT?
Office Button/Excel Option/Advanced/Editing Options ganyofilebaSi
gavaaqtiuroT CamrTveli: Zoom on roll with intelmouse.
am SemTxvevaSi Tagvis rolikis saSualebiT imarTeba
moniSnuli aris masStabi.

furclis warmodgenis reJimebi

Page Layout

Page Break Preview

sur. 17. dokumentis warmodgenis reJimebi

furclis warmodgenis reJimebs literaturaSi sxvadasxva
terminologiiT SexvdebiT: furclis daTvalierebis an furclis xedis
reJimebi.
furclis warmodgenis reJimebis sami Rilaki (ix.sur. 17) - Normal
(normaluri), Page Layout (gverdis maketis), Page Break Preview (gverdis
wyvetis) ganTavsebulia masStabirebis marcxniv. romelime
maTganze moqmedebiT Sesabamisad Seicvleba furclis daTvalierebis
reJimic.
gaCumebiT (avtomaturad) dayenebulia Normal reJimi, romelic
gamoiyeneba monacemTa Setanisa da damuSavebisTvis,
edaqtirebisTvis, formatirebisTvis, sxvadasxva saxis

19
gaangariSebebisTvis, diagramebis asagebad da sxv.
Page Layout reJimis dros xdeba furclis warmodgena
A4 formatiT. monacemebi ra saxiTac daibeWdeba qaRaldze, ekranzec im
saxiT gamoitaneba. Tu vimoqmedebT TagviT velSi `Click to add
header” gamova oTxkuTxa CarCo saTauris Casawerad,
im SemTxvevaSi, Tu am reJimSi gamotanili ar aris
saxazavi, igi SegviZlia CavrToT View CanarTidan Ruler Rilakis
gaaaqtiurebiT.
rogorc ukve viciT, eqselis samuSao furceli warmoadgens
uzarmazar ares, amitom xSirad mosaxerxebelia am furclis
gverdebad warmodgena Page1, Page2 da a. S. furclis gverdebad
warmodgenis reJims uzrunvelyofs Page Break Preview reJimi (ix. sur.
30).

rogor davyoT standartul gverdebad samuSao furceli?

standartul gverdebad dayofa SegviZlia eqselis

parametrebis fanjridan: Office Button/Excdel Option/Advanced/Display options
for this worksheet–CavrToT (gavaaqtiuroT) Show page breaks punqti. gverdis
wyvetis xazze Tagvis mitaniT Cndeba ormagi isari,
romlis saSualebiTac SegviZlia wyvetis xazis gadaadgileba.
gverdis wyvetis dayeneba SesaZlebelia agreTve CanarTidan
Page Break- ze moqmedebiT, magram unda gaviTvaliswinoT, rom
gaaqtiurebuli unda iyos is ujra, romlis winac gvsurs wyvetis
xazis dayeneba.

sur.18. furclis xedis gverdebad warmodgenis reJimi

am reJimidan gamosvla SesaZlebelia Cveulebriv

Normal reJimSi dabrunebiT.
wyvetis xazis moxsna SesaZlebelia Page Layout CanarTSi Breaks/
Remove Page Break-ze moqmedebiT, an Office Button/Excel Options/Advanced/Display
options for this worksheet/Show page breaks gaaqtiurebiT.
Ready asaxavs mocemul momentSi Excel-is aqtiuri furclis
mdgomareobas, agreTve klaviaturis mdgomareobasac, Tu
romeli funqciuri Rilakia CarTuli. mag., roca vawarmoebT
20
klaviaturidan monacemTa Setanas, masze ready-is nacvlad (igi
dafiqsirebulia statusis zolis ukidures marcxena nawilSi) iwereba
“Enter”, gamoTvlis dros romelime monacemis moniSvnisas ki fardobiTi
misamarTis miTiTebisas fiqsirdeba ”Point”.

21
 ლექცია 2

operaciebi wignis furclebze

furclisaTvis saxelis darqmeva da Secvla

Excel-Si muSaobis dros yvela monacemi inaxeba samuSao wignSi.

samuSao wigni – es aris faili, romelic Sedgeba erTi an ramdenime
furclisagan.
axali samuSao wigni gaCumebis principiT Sedgeba 3 samuSao
furclisagan, romlebsac aqvT saxelebi Sheet1 (furceli1), Sheet2
(furceli2), Sheet3 (furceli3) .
nebismier furcels nebismier momentSi SegviZlia gadavarqvaT
saxeli. saxelis Sesacvlelad unda movniSnoT furceli, romlis
saxelis Secvlac gvinda da qvemoT CamoTvlili operaciebidan
SevasruloTerT-erTi maTgani:
 SevasruloT brZaneba Rename Sheet (furclis saxelis
gadarqmeva), romelic moTavsebulia Home (mTavari) CanarTis,
Cells (ujra) ganyofilebis Format (formati)–is meniuSi;
 mivitanoT kursori furclis iarliyTan, Tagvis marjvena
Rilakze TiTis daWeriT gamoviZaxoT konteqsturi meniu da
avirCioT masSi Rename (gadarqmeva) punqti;
orjer davaWiroT Tagvis marcxena Rilaks furclis
iarliyze.
samive SemTxvevaSi moiniSneba furclis saxeli. SevcvaloT axali
saxeliT da davaWiroT <Enter> Rilakze.

furclebis raodenobis gansazRvra axal samuSao wignSi

furclebis raodenoba rom SevcvaloT axal

samuSao wignSi saWiroa:
1. davaWiroT swrafi SeRwevis panelis Rilaks. meniuSi avirCioT
More Commands (sxva brZanebebi);
2. gaixsneba dialoguri fanjara Excel Options (eqselis
parametrebi). CavrToT mis marcxena mxareze moTavsebuli
Popular (popularuli) kategoria;
3. gadavideT mTvlelis velSi Include this many sheets da mis
marjvniv moTavsebuli isriani Rilakebis saSualebiT
davayenoT furclebis nebismieri raodenoba 255-mde (sur. 6).

22
 sur. 6. eqselis parametrebis gansazRvra

wignSi samuSao furclis Camateba

Excel-is wignis sawyisi fanjara, rogorc ukve viciT, gaCumebis

principiT sam furcels Seicavs. saWiroebis mixedviT SegviZlia
furclebi davumatoT an amovSaloT.
wignSi axali furclis Casasmelad saWiroa SevasruloT erT-erTi
Semdegi moqmedebebidan:
1. swrafad rom CavsvaT axali furceli arsebuli furclebis
Semdeg, davaWiroT ekranis qveda nawilSi moTavsebul Rilaks
Insert Wopksheet (furclis Casma);
2. gavaaqtiuroT im furclis iarliyi, romlis winac gvsurs
axali furclis Camateba. Home (mTavari) CanarTis, Cells (ujra)
ganyofilebaSi, Insert (Camateba) Rilakze davaWiroT da
movniSnoT Insert Sheet ( furclis Camateba) brZaneba;
3. avkrifoT RilakTa kombinacia <Shift>+<F11>;
4. Tu gvinda SevqmnaT furceli sxva Sablonis safuZvelze
(standartuli an momxmareblis), saWiroa furclis
iarliyze Tagvis marjvena Rilakis zemoqmedebiT gamoviZaxoT
konteqsturi meniu da avirCioT masSi Insert (Camateba) (sur. 7).

23
 sur. 7. furclis iarliyis konteqsturi meniu

gaxsnil dialogur fanjaraSi Insert (Camateba) amovirCevT furclis

tips
Workcheet (eleqtronuli cxrili), Chart (diagrama) an sxva
romelimes da bolos davaWerT Rilaks (sur. 8).

sur. 8. Casamatebeli furclis tipebi

wignSi samuSao furclis waSla

samuSao furclis waSlisas unda davrwmundeT rom es furceli ar

Seicavs CvenTvis saWiro informacias, radganac yvela monacemi, romelic
maszea moTavsebuli, daikargeba.
furclis wasaSlelad SevasruloT Semdegi moqmedebebi:
1. movniSnoT wasaSleli furclis iarliyi;
2. davawveT Home (mTavari) CanarTis, Cells (ujra) ganyofilebis
Delete(waSla) Rilaks da amovarCioT saWiro brZaneba.
meore punqtis magivrad SeiZleba SevasruloT aseTi saxis moqmedeba
furclis iarliyze Tagvis marjvena Rilakze daWeriT gamoviZaxoT
konteqsturi meniu da amovarCioT masSi Delete (waSla) punqti.
SeiZleba erTdroulad ramodenime furclis waSlac.
waSlili furclis aRdgena ar SeiZleba. Tu wignSi furceli
warmoadgens erTaderTs mas ver wavSliT.
24
 samuSao furclis kopireba

furclebis Casmisa da waSlis garda, SeiZleba maTi

gadaadgileba an kopireba erTi wignis farglebSi an erTi wignidan
meoreSi.
eqselSi rom movaxdinoT samuSao furclis kopireba, saWiroa:
1. samuSao furceli, romlis kopirebasac vapirebT, gavxadoT
aqtiuri;
2. iarliyze, romlis kopirebasac vapirebT, gamoviyenoT
konteqsturi menius brZaneba Move or Copy (gadaadgileba an
aslis aReba);
3. Move or Copy (gadaadgileba an aslis aReba) dialogur
fanjaraSi davayenoT alami Create a copy ( aslis Seqmna);
4. qvevelSi To book (wignSi) davaWiroT marjvena mxares
ganlagebul Rilaks < >. gamova wignebis CamonaTvali.
kursoris daWeriT movniSnoT is wigni, romelSic vaxdenT
furclis kopirebas;
5. velSi Refore Sheet (furclis win), sadac Cans furclebis
CamonaTvali, kursoris daWeriT mivuTiToT, Tu romeli
furclis win unda CavsvaT asli; davaWiroT OK Rilaks.
meore da mesame punqtebis Sesrulebis magivrad SesaZlebelia
CavavloT wignis saWiro furclis dasaxelebas, waviRoT da CavsvaT sxva
furclebis saxelebs Soris. gadatanis dros gaCenili patara
samkuTxedi gviCvenebs, Tu romel furclebs Soris Caismeba gadasatani
furceli. es operacia sruldeba Ctrl RilakTan kombinaciaSi.
imisaTvis rom furclis kopireba movaxdinoT sxva
wignSi, saWiroa ekranze gamovitanoT orive wigni: sawyisi (sadac
furclebi gadagvaqvs) da saboloo. gavaaqtiuroT sawyisi wigni,
movniSnoT saWiro furclebi da misi iarliyebi gadavitanoT meore
wignSi Ctrl Rilkze TiTis daWeriT. kopirebul furcels aqvs igive
saxeli rac originals, amitom Tu samuSao wignSi aris imave
saxelwodebiT furceli, kopirebuli furclis nomeri moTavsdeba
frCxilebSi.

samuSao furclis gadatana

imisaTvis, rom erTi wignis farglebSi movaxdinoT furclis

gadatana, saWiroa:
1. samuSao furceli, romlis gadatanasac vapirebT,
gavaaqtiuroT;
2. iarliyze, romlis gadatanasac vapirebT gamoviyenoT
konteqsturi menius brZaneba Move or Copy (gadaadgileba an
aslis aReba);
3. gamova dialoguri fanjara Move or Copy (gadaadgileba an
aslis aReba), romlis velSi Refore Sheet
(furclis win) kursoris daWeriT movniSnoT is furceli,
romlis winac unda Cajdes moniSnuli furceli;
25
 4. am dros unda davukvirdeT imas, rom alami Create a copy
(aslis Seqmna) iyos gamorTuli;
5. davaWiroT OK Rilaks.
imisaTvis rom furclis gadatana movaxdinoT sxva
wignSi, saWiroa Move or Copy (gadaadgileba an aslis aReba) dialoguri
fanjris To book (wignSi) CamonaTvalis velSi avirCioT saWiro wignis
saxeli. am dros es samuSao wigni unda iyos gaxsnili.
Tu gvsurs moniSnuli furceli gadavitanoT axal wignSi, maSin
qvevelSi To book (wignSi) davaWiroT funqcias New book (axali wigni).
Rilakze daWeris Semdeg moniSnuli furceli moTavsdeba axal
wignSi. gadatana SeiZleba movaxdinoT Tagvis saSualebiT, amisaTvis ki
saWiroa CavavloT Tagvi saWiro furclis dasaxelebas, waviRoT da
CavsvaT sxva furclis saxelebs Soris. gadatanis dros darCenili
patara Savi samkuTxedi gviCvenebs, Tu romel furclebs Soris Caismeba
gadasatani furceli. ramdenime furclis erTdroulad gadasatanad
isini winaswar unda movniSnoT da ise gadavitanoT.
imisaTvis rom furceli gadavitanoT sxva wignSi (igi unda iyos
gaxsnili), saWiroa ekranze gamovitanoT orive wigni: erTi, saidanac
unda gadavitanoT furceli da meore, romelSic unda CavsvaT furceli.
CavavloT Tagvi saWiro furclis dasaxelebas, waviRoT da CavsvaT sxva
wignis furclebs Soris. Tu samuSao wignSi ukve aris furceli aseTive
saxelwodebiT, gadasatan furcels daemateba frCxilebSi Casmuli
nomeri.

moniSvna samuSao furcelze

Excel-Si muSaobisas, jer xdeba obieqtebis moniSvna da Semdeg,

moniSnul obieqtebze operaciebis Catareba. erTi ujris moniSvna misi
CarCoTi gamoyofis, e.i. gaaqtiurebis tolfasia. ujris mosaniSnad masze
unda davaWiroT Tagvis kursoriT.
Tagvis saSualebiT rom movniSnoT:
sveti – furclis svetebis Tavakis zolze (A,B,C da a,S.), davaWiroT
kursoriT mosaniSni svetis Tavaks.
ramdenime sveti – Tagvis Rilakidan TiTis auReblad
gadavaadgiloT kursori sawyisi svetidan bolo mosaniSn
svetamde. am operaciis Sesruleba aseTnairadac SeiZleba – furclis
svetebis Tavakis zolze (A,B,C da a,S.) davaWiroT kursoriT mosaniSni
pirveli da bolo svetis Tavaks ise, rom daWerili gvqondes Shift
Rilakze.
Tu gvinda rom svetebi movniSnoT ara miyolebiT, aramed amorCeviT,
maSin klaviaturaze davaWiroT Ctrl Rilaks da misgan TiTis auReblad
kursoriT davaWiroT mosaniSni svetebis Tavakebs (magaliTad: A,D,L da
a,S.).
moniSvnebi striqonebze xorcieldeba iseve, rogorc svetebze,
mxolod im gansxvavebiT, rom svetebis Tavakebis (A,B,C da a,S.) magivrad
gamoviyenebT striqonebis numeraciebs (1,2,3, . . . da a.S).

26
 diapazonis moniSvna

diapazonis qveS igulisxmeba furcelze erTi an ramodenime

ujrebis gaerTianeba. ufro xSirad diapazons uwodeben furclis
ujredTa marTkuTxa bloks, romlis misamarTi Sedgeba misi zeda
marcxena da qveda marjvena ujrebis misamarTebisgan, romlebic ori
wertiliT arian gamoyofili. magaliTad, Tu zeda marcxena ujredia C3,
xolo qveda marjvena – H8, aseTi diapazoni aRiniSneba C3:H8. ramdenime
diapazonis misamarTebi erTmaneTisagan gamoyofili arian wertil
mZimeebiT. magaliTad: A3:A5; B10:C14; C1:H8; E12:G14 (sur. 9).

sur. 9. furclis fragmentis moniSvna

diapazonis mosaniSnad davayenoT Tagvis maCvenebeli diapazonis

erT-erTi kuTxis ujraze, davaWiroT Tagvis marcxena Rilakze da TiTis
auReblad gadavaadgiloT Tagvis maCvenebeli diagonalurad mopirdapire
kuTxis ujraze.
ramdenime diapazonis mosaniSnad saWiroa: movniSnoT erT-erTi
diapazoni, davaWiroT Ctrl Rilaks da TiTis auReblad rigrigobiT
movniSnoT danarCeni diapazonebi.
klaviaturis saSualebiT diapazonis mosaniSnad saWiroa
gavaaqtiuroT diapazonis erTerTi kuTxis ujra, davaWiroT Shift
Rilaks da masze TiTis auReblad kursoris gadaadgilebis Rilakebis
<←>, <↑>, <→> , <↓> saSualebiT movniSnoT saWiro diapazoni.
klaviaturidan diapazonis moniSvnis kidev erTi meTodi arsebobs:
unda gadavideT moniSvnis reJimSi (amisaTvis saWiroa davaWiroT <F8>
Rilaks) da <←>, <↑>, <→> , <↓> Rilakebis daxmarebiT gavafarTovoT
moniSnuli velis sazRvrebi saWiro zomamde, ris Semdeg isev davaWiroT
<F8> Rilaks raTa muSaoba gagrZeldes Cveulebriv reJimSi.

27
 didi diapazonis swrafi moniSvna

Tu diapazoni imdenad didia, rom misi moniSvna TagviT an

klaviaturiT mouxerxebelia zemoT aRwerili meTodebiT, SeiZleba
gamoviyenoT diapazonis swrafi moniSvnis xerxebi:
davaWiroT Home (mTavari) CanarTis Editing (redaqtireba) ujris
Find & Select (moZebne da moniSne) Rilaks da SevasruloT brZaneba Go to
(gadadi), gamova dialoguri fanjara Go to (gadadi). velSi Referense
(miTiTeba) unda CavweroT saWiro diapazonis misamarTi (mag: A10:J17);
movniSnoT diapazonis erTi kuTxis ujra. zemoT aRwerili meTodiT
SevasruloT brZaneba Go to (gadadi). gamova dialoguri fanjara Go to
(gadadi). velSi Reference (miTiTeba) SevitanoT mosaniSni diapazonis
mopirdapire kuTxis ujris misamarTi. davaWiroT Rilaks OK an Rilaks
<Enter>.
Tu mTliani furclis moniSvna gvinda, maSin klaviaturaze unda
avkrifoT RilakTa kombinacia (<Ctrl> + <A>) an kursoriT davaWiroT
furclis marcxena zeda kuTxeSi striqonebisa da svetebis numeraciis
gadakveTaze arsebul cariel markuTxeds.

furclis ekranuli gamosaxulebis masStabireba

menius saSualebiT ekranze Cvenebis masStabis Sesacvlelad

Semdegnairad unda moviqceT:
davaWiroT View (xedi) CanarTs da Semdeg Zoom (masStabi) Rilaks.
ekranze gamoCndeba Zoom (masStabi) dialoguri fanjara (sur. 10.).

sur. 10. Zoom dialoguri fanjara

velSi magnification (gadideba) CavrToT romelime standartuli zoma,

romelic gansazRvravs furclis ekranze Cvenebis masStabs
procentebSi realur zomasTan SedarebiT. im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac
saWiroa dialogur fanjaraSi gamosaxuli procentuli sidideebisgan
gansxvavebuli ricxvis miTiTeba (magaliTad, 37%), gadamrTveli
unda CavrToT Custom (individualuri) mdgomareobaSi da mis
marjvniv moTavsebul teqstur velSi CavweroT saWiro ricxvi. masStabi
SeiZleba Seicvalos 10% - dan 400% - is CaTvliT realur zomasTan
SedarebiT. davaWiroT brZanebis OK Rilakze.
28
 Zoom (masStabi) velis CamonaTvalis punqti –Fit selection
(moniSnulis Cateva) – masStabs Seamcirebs an gaadidebs ise, rom
moniSnuli are ekranze mTlianad gamoCndes. masStabis Sesacvlelad
SeiZleba agreTve gamoviyenoT amave panelze moTavsebuli piqtograma
<100%>.
masStabis Semcirebisa an gadidebisTvis gamoiyeneba ekranis qveda
marjvena mxares moTavsebuli skala. (sur. 11).

sur. 11. masStabirebis Skala

minus an plius Rilakze yoveli daWeriT SeiZleba SevamciroT an

gavzardoT ekranze gamosaxuleba 10% - iT. masStabis cvlileba SeiZleba
movaxdinoT skalaze arsebuli mcocavi berketis saSualebiTac.
View (xedi} CanarTis Zoom (masStabi) ganyofilebaSi moTavsebulia
Zoom To Selection (moniSnuli obieqtis masStabireba) Rilaki romelic
cvlis gamosaxulebis masStabs ise rom moniSnuli are gaizardos
maqsimum 400% -mde.

furclis damalva da gamoCena

furclis damalvis SemTxvevaSi yvela monacemi da gamoTvlis yvela

Sedegi ucvleli darCeba, magram isini ar gamoCndeba ekranze.
furclis dasamalad saWiroa:
kursoriT movniSnoT dasamali furclis iarliyi,
davaWiroT Home (mTavari) CanarTis Cells (ujra) ganyofilebis Fopmat
(formati) Rilaks da avirCioT brZaneba Hide & Unhide (damalva da
gamoCena). gamova fanjara romelTa CamonaTvalSic avirCevT brZanebas Hide
Sheet (furclis damalva). igive operacia SeiZleba CavataroT Tu
moniSnul gverdis iarliyze SevalT konteqsturi RilakiT da avirCevT
brZanebas Hid (damalva). moniSnuli furceli daimaleba da misi
dasaxeleba gaqreba iarliyebis rigidan.
furclis gamosaCenad saWiroa davaWiroT nebismieri furclis
iarliys konteqsturi RilakiT. gamova dialoguri fanjara Unhide
(gamoCena) romlis velSi CamoTvlili iqneba damaluli furclebis sia.
kursoris daWeriT movniSnoT saWiro furclis saxeli da
dialoguri fanjara davxuroT RilakiT an orjer davaWiroT masze.
damaluli furceli gamoCndeba ekranze.
furcelSi SeiZleba movaxdinoT calkeuli svetebisa da
striqonebis damalva. am operaciis Casatareblad saWiroa movniSnoT
dasamali svetebi (striqonebi) davaWiroT Home (mTavari) CanarTis Cells
(ujra) ganyofilebis Fopmat (formati) Rilaks da avirCioT brZaneba Hide &
Unhide (damalva da gamoCena). gamova fanjara romelTa CamonaTvalSic
avirCevT Sesabamisad brZanebas: Hide Column (svetis damalva) an Hide Row
(striqonis damalva). ris Sedegad moniSnuli svetebi da striqonebi
daimalebian.
29
 svetebisa da striqonebis gamosaCenad saWiroa movniSnoT iseTi
diapazoni, romelic moicavs gamosaCeni svetebis (striqonebis) orive
mxridan mezobel ujrebs. SevideT konteqsturi RilakiT da SevasruloT
brZaneba Unhide (gamoCena).
ujrebSi Sriftis SesarCevad SevasruloT Semdegi moqmedebebi:
movniSnoT saWiro ujrebi an diapazoni da davaWiroT Home (mTavari)
CanarTis Font (Srifti) ganyofilebis Font (Srifti) Rilaks. gamosul
fanjaraSi avirCioT CvenTvis saWiro Srifti. (sur. 12)

sur. 12. Sriftis SerCevisa da zomis gansazRvra

Sriftis parametrebis dayenebisTvis Font (Srifti) Rilakis magivrad

unda gamoviyenoT Format Cells (ujredis formati) Rilaki. gamosul
dialogur fanjaraSi movniSnoT Font (Srifti) da avirCioT CvenTvis
saWiro parametrebi (sur. 13).

sur. 13. sxvadasxva niSanTa jgufebis gamoyeneba

ganmartebiTi teqsti:
Font – Srifti;
Font style – Sriftis stili: Normal – Cveulebrivi; Bold – muqi;
Italic – daxrili;
Size – Sriftis zoma;
30
 Underline – xazgasma:
None – araferi (xazgasma ar gveqneba);
Single – erTmagi;
Double – ormagi;
Color – simboloTa feri;
Effects – efeqtebi:
Strikethrough – gadaxazuli;
Superscript – zeda indeqsi; Subscript – qveda indeqsi.
Normal font - CamrTvelis CarTva Font (Srifti) dialogis yvela
cvlilebas gaauqmebs da davubrundebiT SeTanxmebiT arCeul Srifts.
yvela zemoT naCvenebi Sriftebi miekuTvneba egreTwodebul True
Type (WeSmariti akrefa) Srifts. (gaxsnili Sriftebis marcxniv maT aqvT
niSnebi < >). es miuTiTebs imaze, rom mocemuli
Sriftis simboloebi miuxedavad printerebis sxvadasxvaobisa beWdvaze
gamodis ise, rogorc maT xedavT ekranze (sur. 14).

sur. 14. Sriftebis nairsaxeoba

teqsturi monacemebis Setana

teqsti SeiZleba Seicavdes asoebs, cifrebs da specialur niSnebs.

ujraSi Cawerilma teqstma ar unda gadaaWarbos 32768 simbolos.
teqstis Setana xorcieldeba Cveulebrivi wesiT – aucilebelia
gamovyoT ujra, avkrifoT teqsti da davaWiroT Rilakze Enter (Setana).
SesaZlebelia ujraSi Setanili nebismieri monacemi
warmovadginoT teqstis saxiT. amisaTvis saWiroa movniSnoT ujra (an
ujraTa jgufi) da davaWiroT Home (mTavari) CanarTis Number (ricxvi)
ganyofilebaSi < > Rilaks. ekranze gamova Format Cells (ujris
formati) fanjara. CamoSlil Category (kategoria) velSi amovarCioT
formati Text (teqsti) da davaWiroT OK Rilaks.
teqstis Setanisas SeiZleba igi ar daetios misTvis
gankuTvnil ujraSi. im SemTxvevaSi Tu gvinda, rom teqsti moTavsdes
mTlianad, moniSnul ujraSi, unda CavrToT Format Cells /Alignment/Wrap Text (
ujris formati/teqstis ganTavseba/CamrTveli). ris Sedegad ujris
31
marjvena xazTan misvlisas igi gadava imave ujraSi da Enter (Setana)-ze
daWeris Semdeg cxrilis am ujris Semcveli striqoni simaRleSi
gafarTovdeba ise, rom ujraSi ikiTxebodes mTeli teqsti. Tu aRniSnuli
CamrTveli gamorTulia, maSin teqsti gadafaravs mezobel ujrebs,
magram igi mainc erT ujraSi inaxeba.
Tu teqstiT gadafarul ujraSi sxva teqsts SevitanT, maSin
pirveli teqsti gawydeba da mis mxolod im nawils davinaxavT,
romelic am ujredamde daetia, Tumca igi Excel-s ar daukargavs da svetis
siganis gafarToebis SemTxvevaSi mTlianad gamoaCens.

ricxviTi monacemebis Setana ujraSi

monacemebi rom Seesabamebodes ricxviT formats, isini unda

Seicavdnen Semdegi saxis simboloebs:
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, +, -, ( ), /, $, %, E, e. ricxvebi Segvaqvs
rogorc teqsti, romlebic iwerebian ujris marjvena kidesTan. ricxviTi
tipis monacemebia: mTeli ricxvi (magaliTad 125), aTwiladi (125.4),
wiladi (1/5) da eqsponenturi ricxvi (125E+5).
Cveulebrivi wiladis Casawerad gamoiyeneba < / > niSani, xolo
mTeli da wiladi nawili erTmaneTisagan Tavisufali intervaliT
gamoiyofa, magaliTad, 3 1/5, -2 6/7, 0 1/2. Tu wilads mTeli nawili ar
gaaCnia Excel mas TariRis interpretacias miscems, magaliTad, 1/5
ganixileba rogorc 1 maisi. aseTi wiladebis Casawerad saWiroa mTelis
miTiTeba: 0 1/5, 4 3/5. monacemebis dafiqsirebis momentSi arawesieri
wiladi avtomaturad gadaiqceva wesier wiladad, xolo kvecadi wiladi
Seikveceba.
ricxvebis eqsponenturi formiT warmodgenisaTvis gamoiyeneba < E >
da < e > simbolo. magaliTad, sami milioni Caiwereba ase 3E+6 (3
mravldeba aTis meeqvse xarisxze), an kidev -2.34 E+05 = -2.34 *105 = - 234000.
eqsponenturi saxiT, Cveulebrivad iwereba mravalniSna ricxvebi,
romlebic ujraSi, ar eteva. Tu eqsponenturi ricxvic ver daetia
ujraSi maSin ujra Seivseba < # > niSnebiT.
magaliTad, Tu ujraSi SevitanT ricxvs 13 000 000 da Semdeg ujris
siganes ise SevamcirebT rom igi ver Caetios mis sazRvrebSi, jer
gamoCndeba ricxvi 1.3E + 07, ujris siganis Semdegi SemcirebiT igi miiRebs
aseT saxes 1E+07 da bolos ujra aivseba < # > niSnebiT (sur. 15).

sur. 15. ricxvis gamosaxvis saxeebi

unda aRiniSnos, rom oTxive SemTxvevaSi ujrebSi inaxeba 13 000 000

(amaSi advilad davrwmundebiT, Tu ujris siganes ise
gavafarTovebT, rom man miiRos sawyisi zoma). sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT,
formatireba cvlis ricxvis gamosaxvas da ara mis sidides.

32
 TariRisa da drois Cawera ujraSi

TariRis ujraSi Casawerad gamoiyeneba simboloebi: < . > , < - > da

< / > ase magaliTad: 25.09.2007, 25-09-2007, 25/09/2007.
ujraSi TariRi rom CavweroT saWiroa: pirvel rigSi, movniSnoT is
ujra, sadac unda CavweroT TariRi, klaviaturaze avkrifoT TariRi
(vTqvaT 25.09.2007) da davafiqsiroT. SevasruloT brZaneba Format cells /
Number (ujris formati/ricxvi) (sur. 16).

sur. 16. TariRis formatirebis magaliTi

velSi Category (kategoria) gaiSleba ricxvis daformatebis
variantTa CamonaTvali, kursoris daWeriT avirCioT Date (TariRi). velSi
Type (akrefa) gamoCndeba TariRis formatis CamonaTvali, kursoriT
mimdevrobiT davaWiroT yvelas da yovel daWeraze SevxedoT vels Sample
(nimuSi), sadac vnaxavT yvela variantis nimuSs. SevCerdeT im
variantze, romelic gvWirdeba da davaWiroT OK Rilaks. furclis
ujraSi miviRebT TariRis sasurvel formats. drois ujraSi Casawerad
gamoiyeneba ori wertili, magaliTad, 3 saaTi da 40 wuTi Caiwereba ase: 3 :
40.
droiTi monacemebisaTvis ujrebis dasaformateblad gamoiyeneba
Time (dro) funqcia. danarCeni procedura Catardeba ise, rogorc
es zemoT iyo mocemuli.
ujraSi Cawerili mniSvneloba Excel-Si ganixileba 24-saaTiani
drois formatiT. 12-saaTiani formatis gansasazRvravad ujraSi drois
mniSvnelobis Semdeg unda SevitanoT misgan hariT gamoyofili asoebi:
AM da PM droiTi formatis magaliTebia: 10:25 AM – dilis 10 saaTi da 25
wuTi, 10:25 PM saRamos 10 saaTi da 25 wuTi.
zogadad, mimdinare TariRisa da drois formatebi da gamyofi
simboloebis SerCeva damokidebulia Windows-Si dayenebul parametrebze.
maTi miTiTeba xdeba Control Panel (marTvis paneli) saqaRaldis Regional and
Language Options utilitSi.

33
 ლექცია 3
ujris misamarTi

formulis Seqmnisas masSi SeiZleba gamoviyenoT raime ujris an

ujraTa diapazonis misamarTi, ris Semdegac formulis gamoTvlis Sedegi
damokidebuli iqneba maT Semadgenlobaze. am monacemTa Secvlis Sesabamisad
icvleba formulis mniSvnelobac im ujraSi, romelsac ekuTvnis formula.
ujris mimarTvis ( anu ujraze mimarTvis) Sedgena xdeba im svetis
saTaurisa da striqonis nomris mixedviT, romelTaTvisac warmoadgens
mocemuli ujra. magaliTad – svetisa da me-6 striqonis TanakveTaze
mdgomi ujris misamarTia 6. aqtiuri ujris misamarTi aisaxeba formulis
striqonis marcxena kuTxeSi mdebare saxelebis velSi.
formulaSi ujraze mimarTvis gamoyenebisaTvis saWiroa klaviaturiT
avkrifoT ujris misamarTi an movniSnoT sasurveli ujra TagviT an
klaviaturis daxmarebiT. arCeuli ujris misamarTi aisaxeba formulaSi.
aseTive xerxiT SeiZleba formulaSi diapazonze mimarTvis Setana.
mimarTvebis daxmarebiT formulaSi SeiZleba gamoviyenoT furclis
sxvadasxva adgilas ganTavsebuli monacemebi, wignSi Semavali sxvadasxva
furclis monacemebi da, sazogadod, sxvadasxva wignis monacemebi.

fardobiTi da absoluturi mimarTvebi

formulaSi, ujraze an diapazonze mimarTva Sinaarsis mixedviT

SeiZleba iyos orgvari: fardobiTi da absoluturi.
gaCumebiT eleqtronuli cxrilis ujrebs eZlevaT fardobiTi
misamarTebi. es imas niSnavs, rom formulis axal adgilze kopirebisas masSi
Semavali misamarTebi icvleba. magaliTad, Tu A3 ujraSi moTavsebul
formulis =A1+A2 kopirebas movaxdenT B3 ujredSi, igi
miiRebs aseT saxes =B1+B2; Tu igive formulis kopirebas movaxdenT
E6 ujraSi, igi miiRebs aseT saxes =E4+E5 , - miuxedavad imisa, rom
ujrebi B1, B2 da Sesabamisad E4 , E5 Seicaven Tu ara raime
monacemebs (sur. 17).

sur. 17. fardobiTi mimarTvebis gamoyenebis magaliTi

rogorc wesi, formulebSi ufro xSirad sasurvelia fardobiTi

misamarTis gamoyeneba. Tu gvsurs formulis kopirebisas masSi Semavali ujrebis
misamarTebi ucvleli darCes, maSin saWiroa fardobiTi mimarTvebis
nacvlad gamoviyenoT absoluturi mimarTvebi.
absoluturi mimarTvis aRniSvna xdeba svetis saTauris an striqonis
nomris win $ simbolos CasmiT. (es simbolo SeiZleba erTdroulad iyos
Casmuli rogorc svetis saTauris, aseve striqonis nomris win).
34
magaliTad, Tu A3 ujraSi moTavsebul formulas aqvs aseTi saxe
=$A$1+$a$2 da movaxdenT mis kopirebas B3 da E6 ujrebSi, formulis saxe
ar Seicvleba (sur. 18).

sur. 18. absoluturi mimarTvebis gamoyenebis magaliTi

formatireba

Excel–s gaaCnia furclis gaformebis srulyofili xerxebi da

meTodebi, romelTa saSualebiT SeiZleba Sriftis gamocvla,
simboloTa zomis, feris , stilis SerCeva, monacemTa ganTavseba
ujris napirze an mis centrSi, ujrebis gaformeba sxvadasxvagvari
CarCoTi, Sriftisa da fonis feris SerCeva, striqonebis
simaRlisa da svetebis siganis daregulireba da sxva. ujrebis
sasurveli saxiT daformateba SeiZleba rogorc maTSi monacemebis
Setanamde, ise monacemTa Setanis Semdeg. Tu gavauqmebT ujrebisaTvis
miniWebul formatirebis elementebs, maSin mas miecema SeTanxmebiT
gansazRvruli formati. ujris formatis gasauqmeblad masSi Cawerili
monacemebis Seucvlelad unda davaWiroT home (mTavari) CanarTis diting
(redaqtireba) ganyofilebis Clear (gasufTaveba) Rilaks.
gaxsnildialogur fanjaraSi avirCioT Clear Formats (formatis
gasufTaveba). formatis gauqmeba ise, rom ujra gasufTavdes
monacemebisganac, SeiZleba brZanebiT Clear/All (yvelas gasufTaveba).

svetis siganis Secvla

svetis siganis Secvla ramdenime xerxiT SeiZleba. Tagvis

saSualebiT siganis SecvlisTvis saWiroa:
movniSnoT ramdenime sveti; Tagvis maCvenebeli movaTavsoT
pirveli moniSnuli svetis saTauris marjvniv sazRvarTan ise, rom
maCvenebeli ormxrivisrian jvrad gadaiqces; davaWiroT Tagvis
marcxena Rilaks da svetebis sazRvari gavwioT marcxniv an marjvniv.
Tagvs xeli avuSvaT maSin, rodesac sveti saWiro siganis
gaxdeba. Tagvis Rilakze aSvebis Semdeg yvela moniSnuli sveti
miiRebs Sesabamis siganes. svetis sigane rom SevusabamoT masSi
Caweril yvelaze grZel monacems saWiroa TagviT orjer vimoqmedoT

35
svetis marjvena sazRvarze. Tagvis brZanebis gamoyenebiT svetebis
siganis Sesacvlelad saWiroa: movniSnoT is svetebi, romelTa
siganis Secvlasac vapirebT da SevasruloT brZaneba Column Width
(svetis sigane), romelic moTavsebulia Home (mTavari) CanarTis Cells
(ujra) ganyofilebis, Format (formati) -is brZanebaTa CamonaTvalSi.
Column Width (svetis sigane) velSi Cawerili ricxvi gviCvenebs svetis
siganes (sur. 19).

sur. 19. svetis siganis Sesacvleli fanjara

svetis sigane rom davareguliroT am svetis ujrebSi arsebuli

yvelaze grZeli monacemis mixedviT, saWiroa movniSnoT es ujrebi da
SevasruloT brZaneba Autofit Column Width.

striqonis simaRlis Secvla

striqonis simaRle rom SevcvaloT saWiroa jer movniSnoT

saWiro striqonebi, davawveT Home (mTavari) CanarTis Cells (ujris)
ganyofilebis, Format (formati)-is brZanebaTa CamonaTvalSi Row Height
(striqonis simaRle), gaxsnil dialogur fanjaraSi Row Height
(striqonis simaRle) CavweroT striqonis simaRlis axali
mniSvneloba.
Tagvis gamoyenebiT rom SevcvaliT simaRle saWiroa
movniSnoT ramdenime striqoni, Tagvis maCvenebeli movaTavsoT
sasurveli striqonis nomris qveS mdebare xazze da gadaavadgiloT
zemoT an qvemoT Tagvis marcxena Rilakze TiTis auReblad.

monacemTa daformateba

monacemebi, romlebic unda movaTavsoT ujrebSi SeiZleba iyos

sxvadasxva tipis. EXCEL-s gaaCnia monacemTa 12 kategoriis formati.
TiToeuli maTgani monacemTa garkveul tips Seesabameba. ujrisaTvi s
raime kategoriis formatis misaniWeblad saWiroa: movniSnoT ujra
(diapazoni an are). davawveT Home (mTavari) CanarTis Number (ricxvi)
ganyofilebaSi < >Rilaks. ekranze gamova Format Cells (ujris formati)
dialoguri fanjara. Number (ricxvi) CanarTis siaSi Category (kategoria)
amovirCioT sasurveli formatirebis tipi. Sample (nimuSi} velSi
yovelTvis Cans ujraTa moniSnuli simravlidan TeTri
feris monacemis nimuSi (sur. 20).

36
 sur. 20. monacemTa daformatebis kategoriebi

formatebis kategoriebi

mokleT davaxasiaTod Excel-is monacemTa kategoriebi:

General – saerTo. es formati gamoiyeneba rogorc teqsturi, ise
ricxviTi monacemebis aRsawerad. am SemTxvevaSi Excel-i TviTon arCevs
ujraSi ricxvis gamosaxvis formas: fiqsirebuli mZimiT an
eqsponenturi formiT;
Number – ricxviTi. es formati warmoadgens ricxviTi monacemebis
aRweris zogad saSualebas. sample (nimuSi) velSi ganisazRvreba
aTwiladi cifrebis raodenoba mZimis Semdeg da uaryofiTi
ricxvebis gamosaxvis formebi;
Currency – fuladi. es funqcia gankuTvnilia fuladi
erTeulebisTvis ujrebis dasaformateblad. fulad TanxasTan erTad
ujraSi mieTiTeba agreTve valutis niSani. valutis niSani ki SeiZleba
SevarCioT Format Cells (ujris formati) dialogis Symbol
(simbolo) CamonaTvalis velidan;
Accounting – finansuri. am formulis daniSnulebaa fulad
erTeulebs TavSi (ucxouri valutis niSnebi $ , € da sxva), an
boloSi (rusuli rublis niSani – p) dausvas valutis niSani. agreTve
ricxvebs yofs aTaseulebad da svetis ujrebSi alagebs erTmaneTis
qveS, marjvnidan marcxniv;
Date – TariRi. es funqcia gankuTvnilia ujrebis
dasaformateblad, rogorc TariRisaTvis, ise erTdroulad TariRisa
da droiTi monacemebisTvis. TariRis Setanisas cifrebs Soris
gamyofad unda gamoviyenoT wertili an daxrili xazi;
Time – dro. es funqcia gankuTvnilia ujrebis dasaformateblad
rogorc droiTi monacemebisaTvis, ise erTroulad TariRisa da
droiTi monacemebisTvisac;
Percentage – procentuli. ujraSi Setanili ricxvi gamravldeba
37
100 - ze da miewereba procentis niSani;
Fraction – wiladuri. ujraSi Setanili ricxvi gamoCndeba
Cveulebrivi wiladis saxiT. wiladebsac sakuTari tipebi gaaCniaT,
romelTa nairsaxeoba gamoCndeba Type (akrefa) velSi (martivi
wiladebi, wiladebi ori cifriT, naxevriT, meoTxediT, mervediT da
meTeqvsmetediT). kursoriT avirCioT romelime da davaWiroT
Rilaks. Tu gvinda ujraSi CavweroT wiladi (1/4, 1/5 da
a.S.) daformatebis gareSe, amisaTvis saWiroa: klaviaturaze
avkrifoT hari (carieli adgili) da Semdeg wiladi;
Scientific – eqsponenturi. es funqcia gankuTvnilia Zalian didi an
Zalian mcire ricxvebisaTvis ujrebis dasaformateblad. am
formatiT Caweril ricxvs eqneba Semdegi saxe: <mantisa> <xarisxis
maCvenebeli>;
Text – teqsturi formati. es funqcia gankuTvnilia teqsturi
monacemebisaTvis ujrebis dasaformateblad. Tu teqsturi
daformatebis ujraSi CavwerT ricxvs, Excel mas aRiqvams rogorc
teqsts, rasac mivxvdebiT imiT, rom ricxvi moTavsdeba
ujris marcxena mxares da saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi sxva formuliT ver
mivmarTavT.
Special – damatebiTi. Excel-s gaaCnia oTxi saxis damatebiTi
formati. ori – safosto indeqsebisaTvis, agreTve telefonis nomrisa
da satabelo nomris formatebi.
Custom – yvela formati. am funqciis qveS moTavsebulia zemoT
aRwerili TiTqmis yvela formati.

samomxmareblo formatis Seqmna

ricxviTi, agreTve TariRisa da droiTi mniSvnelobebisaTvis

momxmarebels SeuZlia sakuTari formatis Seqmna.
samomxmareblo ricxviTi formatis Sesaqmnelad saWiroa vicodeT
is specialuri simboloebi, romlebsac Excel-i iyenebs formatebis
gaSifrisaTvis. samomxmareblo formati SeiZleba Sedgebodes oTxi
seqciisagan, romlebic erTmaneTisagan wertil mZimiT unda iyos
gamoyofili: dadebiTi formati; uaryofiTi formati; nulovani
formati; teqsturi formati.
samomxmareblo formatis Sesaqmnelad saWiroa:
movniSnoT is ujrebi, romlisTvisac unda gamoviyenoT formati;
davawveT Home (mTavari) CanarTis Number (ricxvi)
ganyofilebis Rilaks ;
Format Cells (ujris formati) dialogur fanjaraSi
gavaaqtiuroT
Number (ricxvi) CanarTi;
kategoriaTa siaSi avirCioT punqti Custom (individualuri);
teqstur velSi Type (akrefa) movaxdinoT arCeuli
formatis redaqtireba;
davaWiroT OK Rilaks.
Seqmnili samomxmareblo Sabloni aRmoCndeba Sablonebis
aRmniSvnel siaSi.

38
 Tu saSedego ujra Seicavs iseT monacemebs an formulas, romlis
vizualuri gamoyofaa saWiro, maSin Sesabamisi pirobebis CasmiT
SegviZlia es ujrebi gamovyoT sxvadasxva ferisa da tipis CarCoTi,
CavweroT sxvadasxva ferisa da stilis Sriftebi da sxva.
am operaciebis Sesasaruleblad saWiroa Sablonis saTanado
ganyofilebebSi Sesabamisi feris miTiTeba. miTiTeba xdeba kvadratul
frCxilebSi Casmuli saWiro feris Sesabamisi kodis warweriT
ganyofilebis pirvel elementad:
[BLACK] _ Savi;
[GYAN] _ Sabiamnisferi;
[MAGENTA]_ iasamnisferi;
[WHITE] _ TeTri;
[BLUE] _ lurji;
[GREEN] _ mwvane;
[RED] _ wiTeli;
[YELLOW] _ yviTeli.
magaliTad, formati [MAGENTA] ### 0.00; [GREEN] ### 0.00 dadebiT
ricxvebsa da nuls warmogvidgens iasamnisferiT, xolo uaryofiTs
– mwvane feriT.
feris uSualo dasaxelebis nacvlad SegviZlia vixmaroT
terminebi Color1 (feri 1), Color2 (feri 2). . . . . . . Color56 (feri 56).
am SemTxvevaSi Excel-i Tavis ferTa palitraSi airCevs im nomris
fers, romelic formatSi gveqneba miTiTebuli.

cxrilis Sedgena da gaformeba

Excel-2007 furcelze organizebuli monacemebi SeiZleba gaformdes

rogorc “cxrili”. cxrili SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iqnes masSi
arsebuli monacemebis swrafi daxarisxebisaTvis, SejamebisaTvis,
filtraciisaTvis da sxva. cxrilis gaformebisaTvis saWiroa:
furcelze SevitanoT svetis dasaxelebebi da Semdeg SevavsoT
monacemebiT am svetebis ujrebi. movniSnoT cxrilis nebismieri
ujra da davaWiroT Home (mTavari) CanarTis Styles (stili)
ganyofilebis Format as Table (cxrilis formatireba) Rilakze.
Eekranze gamosuli cxrilis Sablonebidan avirCioT CvenTvis
sasurveli stili (sur. 21).

39
 sur. 21. cxrilis gaformebis stilis Secvla

gamova dialoguri fanjara Fopmat as Table (cxrilis formatireba) sadac

avtomaturad aris miTiTebuli monacemebis diapazoni. unda
davrwmundeT rom alami My table has Headers (cxrili dasaTaurebiT)
moniSnulia (winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi svetebis dasaxelebebi
Seicvleba Column1, Column2 - iT da a.S.) da davawveT OK Rilaks (sur. 22.).

sur. 22. cxrilis formatirebis fanjara

cxrilSi striqonebisa da svetebis damateba an Semcireba

SegviZlia cxrilis qveda marjvena ujraSi moTavsebuli masStabirebis
saxeluris gadaadgilebis saSualebiT. yoveli svetis velis
dasaxelebaSi avtomaturad emateba avtofiltris niSani.

furcelze svetebisa da striqonebis Casma

axali svetebisa da striqonebis Casasmelad Semdegi moqmedebebis

Sesrulebaa saWiro :

1. movniSnoT is sveti (striqoni), romlis winac

unda Caisvas axali sveti (striqoni). im SemTxvevaSi, Tu ramdenime
svetis (striqonis) Casma gvsurs, unda movniSnoT imdenive sveti
(striqoni);
2. davaWiroT Home (mTavari) CanarTis, Cells (ujra)
ganyofilebaSi Insert (Camateba) Rilaks. ekranze gamosul meniuSi
davaWiroT Insert Sheet Columns (furcelze svetis Camateba) Rilakze.
(striqonebis SemTxvevaSi ki Insert Sheet Rows (furcelze striqonis
40
 Camateba)).
3. svetebis Casmis SemTxvevaSi monacemebi marjvniv
gadaadgildeba, xolo striqonebisa – qvemoT Camoiwevs.

furclidan striqonebisa da svetebis amoReba

striqonebisa da svetebis amosaRebad Semdegi moqmedebebis

Sesrulebaa saWiro :
1. movniSnoT is striqonebi (svetebi) romlis waSlasac
vapirebT;
2. davaWiroT Home (mTavari) CanarTis Cells (ujra)
ganyofilebaSi Delete (waSla) Rilaks. ekranze gamosul meniuSi
davaWiroT Delete Sheet Rows (furcelze striqonis waSla) Rilakze.
(svetebis SemTxvevaSi ki Delete Sheet Columns (furcelze striqonis
waSla)).
3. svetebis amoRebis SemTxvevaSi – marjvena svetebis monacemebi
avtomaturad wainacvleben marcxniv, xolo striqonebis amoRebis
SemTxvevaSi qveda striqonis monacemebi avtomaturad wainacvleben
zemoT.

ujrebis amoReba da Casma

SesaZlebelia amoviRoT an CavsvaT ujrebi ise, rom garemomcveli

striqonebi da svetebi xelSeuxeblad darCes.
ujrebis amosaRebad Semdegi moqmedebebis Sesrulebaa saWiro:

1. movniSnoT ujra an ujraTa diapazoni, romelic unda

amoviRoT;
2. davaWiroT Home (mTavari) CanarTis Cells (ujra) ganyofilebaSi
Delete (waSla) Rilaks. ekranze gamosul meniuSi davaWiroT Delete Cells
(ujris waSla) Rilakze. zemoT CamoTvlili brZanebebi SeiZleba
gamoviZaxoT moniSnuli diapazonis konteqsturi meniudanac. gaixsneba
Sesabamisi dialoguri fanjara (sur. 23) saidanac unda amovarCioT
erT-erTi Semdegi parametrebidan:

sur. 23. ujrebis amoRebisTvis brZanebebis

sxvadasxva variantebi

41
  Shift cells left – moniSnuli diapazonis marjvniv mdebare
ujrebis gadaadgileba marcxniv;
 Shift cells up - moniSnuli diapazonis qvemoT mdebare
ujrebis gadaadgileba zemoT;
 Entire row – moniSnuli ujrebis Semcveli mTeli
striqonebis amoReba;
 Entire column - moniSnuli ujrebis Semcveli mTeli svetebis
amoReba.

samuSao furcelze axali ujrebis Casasmelad Semdegi

moqmedebebis Sesrulebaa saWiro:
 movniSnoT ujra an diapazoni, iq sadac saWiroa ujris Casma;
 davaWiroT Home (mTavari)
 CanarTis Cells (ujra) ganyofilebaSi Insert (Camateba)
Rilaks.
 ekranze gamosul meniuSi davaWiroT Insert Cells (ujris Camateba)
Rilakze (an moniSnuli diapazonis konteqsturi menius
brZaneba Insert (Camateba)) (sur. 24.).

sur. 24. ujrebis CasmisTvis brZanebebis

sxvadasxva variantebi

ujris an ujrebis diapazonis Casasmelad amovirCioT mimarTuleba,

saiTac unda gadaadgildnen moniSnuli ujrebi:
Shift cells right – ujrebis monacemebi gadaadgildes marjvniv;
Shift cells down _ ujrebis monacemebi gadaadgildes qvemoT.
striqonis an svetis Casasmelad amovirCioT Sesabamisi gadamrTveli:
Entire Row – TiTouli moniSnuli ujris adgilze striqonis Casma; Entire
Column _TiTouli moniSnuli ujris adgilze svetis Casma.

ujris an ujraTa jgufis gasufTaveba

ujris, diapazonis an aris gasufTaveba gulisxmobs maTSi

arsebuli monacemebis waSlas. am operaciis Sesasruleblad saWiroa
movniSnoT saWiro ujrebi da SevasruloT brZaneba Clear
(gasufTaveba). romelic moTavsebulia Home (mTavari) CanarTis Editing
ganyofilebaSi. (sur. 25)

42
 sur. 25. ujrebis gasufTavebisaTvis brZanebebis
sxvadasxva variantebi

gaxsnil qvemeniuSi avirCioT erT-erTi Semdegi brZanebebidan:

 Clear All – ujra mTlianad gasufTavdeba. gasufTavebis Semdeg

ujras miecema formati General (mTavari);
 Clear Formats (formatis gasufTaveba) – aRadgens General
(mTavari) formats;
 Clear Contents (SigTavsis gasufTaveba) – ujrebSi waiSleba
monacemebi da formulebi, magram maT darCebaT igive formati da
komentari;
 Clear Comments – komentarisagan, gasufTaveba ar cvlis
formats.

gauqmebis, aRdgenisa da bolo moqmedebis

gameorebaTa brZanebebi

gauqmebis operacia saSualebas iZleva gavauqmoT bolo

moqmedebaTa Tanmimdevroba, risTvisac SegviZlia gamoviyenoT:

1. brZaneba Undo (moqmedebis gauqmeba) romelic moTavsebulia

swrafi SeRwevis panelze;
2. RilakTa kombinacia [CTRL+Z].
SeiZleba erTdroulaT gavauqmoT ramodenime bolos Sesrulebuli
moqmedebebi:
1. davaWiroT Undo (moqmedebis gauqmeba) Rilaks;
2. avirCioT moqmedeba, saidanac iwyeba yvela im
moqmedebebis waSla romelic siaSi mis zemoT aris moTavsebuli
(sur. 26). dasaSvebia gavauqmoT an aRvadginoT ara umetes 100 bolo
Sesrulebuli moqmedebisa.
MS Excel-Si gaTvaliswinebulia agreTve gauqmebuli operaciis
aRdgena. misi Sesruleba SeiZleba:
1. Redo (aRdgena) brZanebiT, romelic moTavsebulia swrafi
SeRwevis panelze;
2. RilakTa kombinaciiT Ctrl+Y.

43
 sur. 26. Sesrulebuli moqmedebebis gauqmeba da aRdgena

bolo moqmedebis gasameoreblad gamoiyeneba brZaneba Repeat

(gameoreba). Tu Repeat (gameoreba) brZanebas swrafi SeRwevis panelze
ver vipoviT, maSin saWiroa misi damateba Customize (morgeba) brZanebis
daxmarebiT.

fragmentis gadatana da Casma

moniSnuli fragmenti rom gadavitanoT furclis erTi adgilidan

meoreze, erTi furclidan meoreSi an erTi wignidan sxva wignSi, unda
SevasruloT erT-erTi Semdegi moqmedebebidan:
1. davaWiroT Cut (amoWra) Rilaks, romelic moTavsebulia Home
(mTavari) CanarTSi;
2. davaWiroT RilakTa kombinacias Ctrl+X.
monacemTa Casasmelad saWiroa: gavaaqtiuroT
fragmentis zeda marcxena ujra, romelSic vapirebT monacemTa

gadatanas da visargebloT Paste (Casma) RilakiT. Casma SeiZleba

ganxorcieldes ramodenimejer, radganac buferSi myofi monacemebi
masSi Paste (Casma) brZanebis Sesrulebis Semdeg inaxeba (sur. 27).

sur. 27. ujris SigTavsis gadatana

44
 monacemTa Casasmelad SesaZlebelia agreTve visargebloT RilakTa
kombinaciiT <Ctrl+V>. erTi furclis farglebSi monacemebis gadatana
SeiZleba Tagvis saSualebiT. movniSnoT sasurveli diapazoni,
romelTa Semcveli monacemebis gadatanasac vapirebT da mis
sazRvarze movaTavsoT Tagvis maCvenebeli; davaWiroT marcxena
Rilaks da diapazoni gadavitanoT sasurvel adgilze.
Rilakze TiTis aSvebis Semdeg moniSnuli diapazonis Semadgenloba
gaqreba sawyisi adgilidan da Caismeba axal adgilze.
aRniSnuli brZanebebi SeiZleba gamoviZaxoT konteqsturi meniudan .

fragmentis kopireba

fragmentis kopirebisaTvis saWiroa movniSnoT sasurveli

ujrebi da movaxdinoT maTi kopireba Windows – is gacvlis buferSi
brZanebiT:
1. Copy (asli). romelic moTavsebulia Home (mTavari)
CanarTSi;
2. davaWiroT RilakTa kombinacias <Ctrl+C>.
3. movniSnoT ujredi Casmis adgilze da gamoviyenoT brZaneba
Paste (Casma).
Cven SegviZlia movaxdinoT ujraSi arsebuli informaciis nawilis
kopireba. amisaTvis saWiroa gamoviyenoT brZaneba Paste Special (sagangebo
Casma) (sur. 28).

sur. 28. ujris SigTavsis kopireba

am brZanebis gamoZaxebisas gaixsneba dialoguri ფanjara

Paste Special (sagangebo Casma) (sur. 29), sadac unda mivuTiToT
sasurveli parametrebi:

45
 sur. 29. sagangebo Casmis fanjara

All – yvelafris kopireba;

Formulas – formulebis kopireba;
Values – monacemTa mniSvnelobebis kopireba;
Formats – formatebis kopireba;
Comments – SeniSvnebis kopireba;
Validation –monacemTa mniSvnelobebze dadebuli pirobebis kopireba;
All except borders - CarCoebis garda yvelafris kopireba;
Operation (operacia) - ofciebis gamoyenebiT.
Casmisas xdeba ariTmetikuli operaciebis Sesruleba:
None – arc erTi ariTmetikuli moqmedeba ar Sesruldes;
Add – mimateba; Subtract – gamokleba; Multiply – gamravleba;
Divide – gayofa.
Skip blanks – am CamrTvelis CarTvis SemTxvevaSi xdeba kopirebul
diapazonSi Semavali ujrebidan mxolod Sevsebuli ujrebis Casma.
Transpose - am CamrTvelis CarTvis SemTxvevaSi Caismeba buferSi
kopirebuli diapazonis transportirebuli matrica, e. i. striqonebs
svetebi Secvlian, xolo svetebs – striqonebi.

komentaris Seqmna

Excel – is furcelze SegviZlia nebismier ujras an diapazons

gavukeToT komentari. ujris komentireba gulisxmobs misTvis
damatebiTi ganmartebebis miniWebas.
komentaris Sesaqmnelad kursori unda davayenoT im moniSnul
ujrasTan an diapazonTan, romelsac komentars vukeTebT da
SevasruloT brZaneba New Comment (komentaris Seqmna), romelic
moTavsebulia Review (recenzireba) CanarTSi, an SevideT konteqsturi
RilakiT da gamoviyenoT brZaneba Insert Comments (komentaris Camateba).
moniSnul fails gauCndeba yviTeli sakomentaro fanjara, sadac unda
CavweroT Sesabamisi komentari (ganmarteba). kursori davaWiroT
46
sxvagan. komentaris fanjara gaqreba ekranze. Tu gvinda, rom
komentaris fanjara ekranze Candes, maSin Review (recenzireba) CanarTSi
davaWiroT funqcias Show/Hide Comment (komentaris damalva an gamoCena).
rodesac komentaris fanjara daimaleba, fanjris marjvena zeda
kuTxeSi darCeba feradi samkuTxa niSani (markeri), rac miuTiTebs
imaze, rom ujras gaaCnia komentari. Tu kursors miviyvanT
komentirebul (markerian) ujrasTan, gaiSleba komentaris fanjara
komentaris teqstiT. komentarSi cvlilebis Sesatanad SegviZlia
mivmarToT mas Tagvis marjvena RilakiT da konteqstur meniuSi
avirCioT brZaneba Edit Comment (komentaris damuSaveba), xolo
komentaris amosaSlelad Delete comment (komentaris amoSla).
komentaris amoSla SeiZleba agreTve Delete(amoSla) RilakiT
romelic moTavsebulia Review (recenzireba) CanarTSi.
Review (recenzireba) CanarTSi moTavsebulia agreTve Rilakebi,
romlebsac gaaCniaT mTeli rigi funqciebi: wina da Semdeg komentarze
gadasvla, yvela komentaris erTdroulad gamoCena da damalva da sxva.

ujrebis gaerTianeba da dayofa

ujrebis gaerTianebisaTvis saWiroa pirvel rigSi movniSnoT

diapazoni, SevideT Home (mTavari) CanarTSi da davaWiroT Alignment
(ganTavseba) Rilakze. ekranze gamova Format Cells (ujris formati)
fanjara. miRebuli fanjris Alignment (ganTavseba) CanarTSi
gavaaqtiuroT CamrTveli Margs Cells (ujrebis gaerTianeba). miRebul
ujras eqneba Tavdapirvelad moniSnuli diapazonis marcxena zeda
kuTxeSi mdebare ujris misamarTi.
Tu gvinda, rom gaerTianebuli ujra davyoT calkeul ujrebad,
saWiroa gamovrToT CamrTveli Margs Cells (ujrebis gaerTianeba).
ujrebis gaerTianebisa da dayofisaTvis SeiZleba gamoviyenoT
agreTve konteqsturi meniuc.

stilis cneba

stili aris daformatebis parametrebis erToblioba, romelsac

gaaCnia sakuTari saxeli. SegviZlia SevqmnaT ramdenime stili da
sistematurad gamoviyenoT isini rogorc erTi wignis sxvadasxva
furcelze, ise sxvadasxva wignSi.
stilis saSualebiT SegviZlia moniSnul ujrebs winaswar
ganvusazRvroT iseTi parametrebi, rogoricaa Srifti, Sriftis zoma,
abzacis zoma da sxva.
kompiuterSi arsebuli stilebis arCevisaTvis saWiroa:
movniSnoT diapazoni (an are), romlisTvisac unda gamoviyenoT
stili, SevideT Home (mTavari) CanarTis Styles (stili) ganyofilebaSi
da davaWiroT Cell Styles (ujris stili) Rilaks. ekranze
gamoCndeba stilis galerea (sur. 30).

47
 sur. 30. stilis gamoyeneba

stili rom gamoviyenoT gamoyofili ujrebisaTvis,

sakmarisia stilTa galereaSi davaWiroT CvenTvis sasurvel stils.

samomxmareblo stilis Seqmna

Tu gvsurs romelime ujrisaTvis SevqmnaT axali samomxmareblo

stili, SeiZleba mas winaswar mivaniWoT daformatebis elementebis
garkveuli kombinacia da am ujris formatis safuZvelze SevqmnaT
axali stili. am SemTxvevaSi saWiroa: davaWiroT New Cell Style (ujris
stilis Seqmna) Rilaks, romelic moTavsebulia stilTa galeriis
qveviT (sur. 30). ekranze gamoCndeba dialoguri fanjara Style (stili)
(sur. 31).

sur. 31. stilis saxelis SerCeva

dialoguri fanjris Style name (stilis saxeli) velSi

CavweroT axali stilis saxeli da davaWiroT Format (formati) Rilaks,
ris Sedagadac gaixsneba dialoguri fanjara Format Cells (ujris
formati). (sur. 32)

48
 sur. 32. stilis saWiro parametrebis SerCeva

avirCioT stilis saWiro parametrebi. da davaWiroT OK Rilaks.

axali stili moTavsdeba stilTa galereaSi.
stilis wasaSlelad unda movniSnoT igi da gamoviyenoT
konteqsturi menius Delete (waSla) brZaneba.

49
 ლექცია 4
formulebi da funqciebi eqselSi
formulebi da misi Semadgeneli nawilebi

Excel-is furclis ujrebSi, garda teqsturi da ricxviTi monacemebisa,

SeiZleba SevitanoT formulebi.
Excel-s gaaCnia oTxi saxis operatori: ariTmetikuli, teqsturi, Sedarebis
(pirobis) da mimarTvis.
ariTmetikuli operatori gankuTvnilia ariTmetikuli operaciebis
Sesasruleblad.gamoiyeneba Semdegi saxis ariTmetikuli operatorebi:

operatorebi mniSvneloba magaliTi

+ (Sekrebis niSani) Sekreba 1+ 2

_ (gamoklebis niSani) gamokleba 1- 2
uaryofa - 1
*(gamravlebis niSani) gamravleba 1* 2
/ (gayofis niSani) gayofa 1/ 2
% (procentis niSani) procenti 80%
^ (xarisxis niSani) axarisxeba A1^ 3

teqsturi operatori gankuTvnilia ramodenime teqsturi striqonebis

gasaerTianeblad erT striqonad.
Sedarebis operatori gankuTvnilia ori mniSvnelobis Sesadareblad, romlis
Sedegadac vRebulobT logikur mniSvnelobas: WeSmaritia an mcdari.
mimarTvis operatori aris furcelis ujraTa koordinatebis erToblioba, romelic
gankuTvnilia furclis ujrebze an diapazonze mimarTvebis aRsawerad.

formulebis Setana da redaqtireba klaviaturidan

formulebi SeiZleba Setanili iqnes klaviaturidan da Tagvis gamoyenebiT.

klaviaturis gamoyenebiT SeiZleba SeviyvanoT operatorebi (Sesasrulebel moqmedebaTa
niSnebi), mudmivebi, frCxilebi da zogjer funqciebi. Tagvis saSualebiT gamoiyofa
cxrilis ujrebi, ujraTa diapazonebi, romlebic CarTuli arian formulaSi.
formulis dafiqsireba da Sesruleba xorcieldeba Semdegi moqmedebebis TanmimdevrobiT:
1. gamovyoT ujra, romelSidac saWiroa formulis Setana;

2. SevitanoT tolobis niSani, romelic imavdroulad dafiqsirdeba

formulis striqonSi;
3. Tagvis saSualebiT gamovyoT ujra, romelic warmoadgens formulis
arguments;
4. SevitanoT operatoris niSani (+,-,*,/ da a.S.);
5. TagviT gamovyoT ujra romelic warmoadgens formulis
meore arguments;
6. aucileblobis SemTxvevaSi ganvagrZoT operatoris niSnebis Setana da
ujrebis moniSvna;

50
 7. davazustoT formulis Setana ujraSi: vimoqmedoT Rilakze Enter an
Tab an formulis striqonze Rilakze
magaliTad, aucilebelia davafiqsiroT Rirebulebis gaangariSebis formula (sur. 33)
gamosaxuli cxrilis 3 ujraSi:
1. gamovyoT E3 ujra;
2. SevitanoT tolobis niSani;
3. vimoqmedoT TagviT C3 ujraze;
4. SevitanoT gamravlebis niSani (*);
5. vimoqmedoT D3 ujraze;
6. vimoqmedoT Enter Rilakze.

sur. 33. klaviaturidan formulis Setana ujraSi

formulebis gadaadgileba da aslis gadaReba

formulebis Semcveli ujrebis gadaadgileba da aslis gadatana SeiZleba zustad

ise rogorc ricxviTi an teqsturi monacemebis Semcveli ujrebis. amasTanave unda
gaviTvaliswinoT, rom formulis Semcveli ujris gadaadgilebis dros formulaSi
arsebuli misamarTebi ar icvleba, xolo aslis gadaRebis SemTxvevaSi SeiZleba
Seicvalos am misamarTebis tipze damokidebulebiT (fardobiTi an absoluturi
misamarTebi).

misamarTebis gamoyeneba formulebSi

Tu formulaSi gamoiyeneba misamarTebi (mimarTvebi) amave wignis sxva furclis an

sxva wignis ujrebze, maSin aucilebelia formulis formirebis procesSi gadavideT
amave wignis sxva furcelze an sxva wignSi da movniSnoT iq aucilebe-li ujra. axal
furcelze yoveli gadasvlis dros, formulaSi mimarTvas avtomaturad emateba am
furclis saxeli, romelic gamoyofilia ujris misamarTi-dan Zaxilis niSniT. sxva
wignis ujraze mimarTvisas kvadratul frCxilebSi avtomaturad
dafiqsirdeba failis saxeli ujris misamarTTan erTad.

51
 samganzomilebiani mimarTvebis gamoyeneba

samganzomilebiani mimarTvebi gamoiyeneba im SemTxvevaSi rodesac

monacemebze moqmedebebis Sesrulebis dros saWiroa igive wignis sxvadasxva
gverdebidan ujris an ujraTa diapazonis gamoyenebis aucilebloba. am dros ujris
misamarTis win aucilebelia Caisvas furclis saxeli. amavdroulad formulaSi
CaerTveba yvela furclebi, romlebic moTavsebulia sawyis da bolo
dasaxelebebs Soris da romelic miTiTebulia mimarTvaSi. magaliTad,
formula =SUM(April:October!D22) Seajamebs yvela mniSvnelobebs, romlebic
moTavsebulia D22 ujraSi wignis yvela am diapazonSi (aprilidan oqtombramde)
moTavsebul furclebidan. (sur. 34).

sur. 34. samganzomilebiani mimarTvis gamoyeneba

am proceduris Sesruleba xdeba Semdegi operaciebis TanmimdevrobiT:

1. gavaaqtiuroT ujra, romelSidac gsurT SeviyvanoT formula an funqcia;
2. SevitanoT = niSani, ajamvis funqcia da frCxili;
3. gamovyoT pirveli furclis iarliyi, romelzedac gvinda mimarTvის gakeTება;
4. Shift Rilakze xelis auSveblad, gamovyoT bolo gverdis iarliyi,
romelzedac aucilebelia mimarTva;
5. gamovyoT ujra an ujraTa dipazoni, romelzedac aucilebelia
mimarTva;
6. davadasturoT formulis Setana.

formulebis Caweris da redaqtirebis dros daSvebuli Secdomebis

Semowmeba

formulis Sedgenis an redaqtirebis procesSi Excel amowmebs misi Sedgenis

siswores da aCerebs process.
Tu Setanili iqna zedmeti simboloebi, argumentebi, frCxilebi da a.
S. gafrTxilebis fanjaraSi gamodis Setyobineba Secdomis Sesaxeb. magaliTad, E3
ujraSi formulis Setanis dros daSvebulia Secdoma (ix. sur. 35). SecdomiTaa
52
Setanili ori operatori – gamravlebisa da gayofis. SetyobinebaSi SemoTavaze-bulia
Secdomis gasworebis variantebi. Tu misaRebia SemoTavazeba, vafiqsirebT YES, Tu
damoukideblad gvinda SevitanoT Sesworeba, maSin NO.

sur. 35. formulaSi Secdomis Sesaxeb Setyobineba.

Tu formula Seicavs Secdomas funqciaSi an argumentSi, romelic ar

uzrunvelyofs Sedegis miRebas, maSin eqsels gamoaqvs Setyobineba Secdomis Sesaxeb
da Secdomebis kodebidan erT-erTi. amasTanave ujris zeda marcxena kuTxeSi
gamoCndeba Secdomis indikatori (mwvane samkuTxedi).
amave dros ujris gverdiT gamoCndeba Rilaki, romelzedac
moqmedebis Semdeg gamoCndeba meniu sadac miTiTebulia Secdomis
tipi da moqmedebebi Secdomis gasworebisTvis (sur. 36).

53
 sur. 36. Secdomis meniu da Rilaki.

ZiriTadi Secdomebi da maTi mizezebi mocemulia cxrilSi #1.-ში.

cxrili #1
gamosaxuleba
Secdomis mizezi Sesabamisi magaliTi
ujraSi
##### sveti viwroa, monacemi gaafarToeT sveti an Tagvis
ar eteva marcxena Rilakze ormagi
daWeriT imoqmedeT svetis
sazRvarze
#DIV/0! nulze gayofa (gayofa formula Seicavs nulze
cariel ujraze) gayofas (magaliTad, = 2/0),
an aris mimarTva cariel
ujraze
# N/A argumentis formulaSi ricxviTi
dauSvebeli mniSvneloba an logikuri mniSvnelobis
nacvlad Setanilia teqsti.
formulisaTvis an
argumentisaTvis saWiro
erTi mniSvnelobis nacvlad
miTiTebulia diapazoni

54
 # NAME ? eqsels ar SeuZlia gamoiyeneba ujris an
formulaSi diapazonis saxeli, romelic
miTiTebulisaxelis ar iyo gansazRvruli; saxeli
aRqma SecdomiTaa Cawerili;
dipazonze mimarTvaSi
gamotovebulia ori
wertili(:);
formulaSi Setanilia
teqsti, romelic ar aris
Semofargluli ormagi
brWyalebiT.

# NUM ! formulaSi magaliTad, funqciaSi

gamoyenebulia RANDBETWEEN roca meore
arakoreqtuli ricxvi argumenti pirvelze
naklebiaa

# REF ! arasworadaa ujrebi, romlebzedac

miTiTebuli ujraze formulaSi miTiTebulia
mimarTva mimarTva, waSlilia an am
ujrebSi moTavsebulia
mniSvnelobebi sxva
aslgadaRebuli ujrebidan

# VALUE ! formula an funqcia funqciaSi ricxviT

Seicavs arakoreqtulargumentad gamoiyeneba
operacias an miuRebeli argumenti an
arguments formulis gamoTvlis
Sedegis ricxviTi
mniSvneloba Zalzed didia
an patara, rac eqselisTvis
gaugebaria

samganzomilebiani mimarTvebis gamoyeneba

samganzomilebiani mimarTvebi gamoiyeneba im SemTxvevaSi rodesac

monacemebze moqmedebebis Sesrulebis dros saWiroa igive wignis sxvadasxva
gverdebidan ujris an ujraTa diapazonis gamoyenebis aucilebloba. Am dros ujris
misamarTis win aucilebelia Caisvas furclis saxeli. amavdroulad formulaSi
CaerTveba yvela furclebi, romlebic moTavsebulia sawyis da bolo
dasaxelebebs Soris da romelic miTiTebulia mimarTvaSi. magaliTad,
formula =SUM(April:October!D22) Seajamebs yvela mniSvnelobebs, romlebic
moTavsebulia D22 ujraSi wignis yvela am diapazonSi (aprilidan oqtombramde)
moTavsebul furclebidan. (sur. 38).

55
 sur. 38. samganzomilebiani mimarTvis gamoyeneba

am proceduris Sesruleba xdeba Semdegi operaciebis TanmimdevrobiT:

1. gavaaqtiuroT ujra, romelSidac gsurTSeviyvanoT formula
an funqcia;
2. SevitanoT = niSani, ajamvis funqcia da frCxili;
3. gamovyoT pirveli furclis iarliyi, romelzedac gvinda mimarTvის
gakeTება;
4. Shift Rilakze xelis auSveblad, gamovyoT bolo gverdis
iarliyi, romelzedac aucilebelia mimarTva;
5. gamovyoT ujra an ujraTa dipazoni, romelzedac
aucilebelia mimarTva;
6. davadasturoT formulis Setana.

56
 ლექცია 5

Ffunqciebi Excel-Si

Excel-Si gamoTvlebis gasaadvileblad gamoyenebulia mza

funqciebis didi raodenoba. maTi saSualebiT SesaZlebelia
SevasruloT maTematikuri, teqsturi da logikuri operaciebi.
Excel-is yoveli funqcia ori nawilisagan Sedgeba: funqciis
saxelisa da argumentebisagan. argumentebi mrgval frCxilebSi
Tavsdeba da erTmaneTisagan mZimiT gamoiyofa. funqciis saxeli
gviCvenebs Tu romel operacias asrulebs mocemuli funqcia,
xolo argumentebi miuTiTeben im monacemebs, romlebzedac xdeba
moqmedeba.
funqciebSi argumentad ricxvebis garda gamoiyeneba ujrebis
an diapazonis misamarTebi, saxelebi an sxva funqciebi. Microsoft
Excel 2007-Si funqciebSi argumentebis maqsimaluri raodenoba
SeiZleba iyos 255, xolo minimaluri 0, anu arsebobs iseTi
funqciebic, romelsac saerTod ar Wirdeba argumentebis
miTiTeba. funqciis gamoZaxebisas argumentebs miwerili aqvs
Sesabamisi saxelebi. romeli saxelic Riad aris miwerili, im
argumentis miwodeba ar aris aucilebeli (anu maT gareSec
formula imuSavebs da ar mogvcems Secdomas). formulaSi, ar
SeiZleba gamoviyenoT 8192-ze meti simbolo. funqciis akrefa xdeba
klaviaturidan an funqciis ostatis saSualebiT. funqciis
Setanis pirveli saSualeba SedarebiT efeqturia, Tu
darwmunebuli varT rogorc funqciis, ise misi argumentebis
marTlweris codnaSi. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi unda gamoviyenoT
Rilaki ƒ(X) – Insert Function an brZaneba Formulas / Insert Function, riTac
gaixsneba funqciebis ostatis dialoguri fanjara (sur. 39).

sur. 39 funqciebis ostatis dialoguri fanjara

velSi Or select a Category avirCioT funqciis kategoria. Tu ara

varT darwmunebuli romel kategoriaSi unda movZebnoT sasurveli

57
funqcia, maSin gamoviyenoT kategoriebi: Most Recently Used -
ukanasknelad gamoyenebuli 10 funqcia. an ALL - funqciebis sruli
alfavituri CamonaTvali. arCeuli funqciis aRweriloba
SegviZlia vixiloT gansaxilveli dialoguri fanjris qveda
nawilSi. funqciis swrafad moZebnisaTvis saWiroa: mausis
marcxena klaviSiT davawkapunoT Select a funqtion velSi da
klaviaturiT avkrifoT funqciis dasaxelebis pirveli aso,
davawkapunoT OK Rilakze, ris Sedegadac formulis striqonis
qvemoT gaixsneba Function Arguments _ funqciaTa argumentebi. aq unda
mivuTiToT (CavweroT) im ujrebis misamarTebi, sadac gvinda am
funqciiT SevasruloT moqmedebebi da davawkapunoT Rilakze OK.

maTematikuri funqciebi

SUM(number1,number2, ...) – jami.

es funqcia gamoiTvlis misi argumentebis jams. argumentebad
gamoiyeneba ricxvebi, mimarTvebi ujredze an ujredTa diapazonze
da sxva romelime funqcia, funqcia Sum-i mxedvelobaSi ar
iRebs teqsturi an logikuri tipis argumentebs (an mimarTvebs
cariel ujredze);
SUMIF(range, criteria, sum_range) - gamoiTvlis miTiTebuli
diapazonis im monacemTa jams, romlebic mocemul pirobas
akmayofileben. range _ es aris mimarTva im ujredebze, romelTa
monacemebic kriteriums unda akmayofilebdnen. criteria _ Sesakreb
monacemTa SerCevis piroba, es piroba SeiZleba iyos mocemuli
ricxvis, gamosaxulebis an teqstis saxiT. sum_range _ es aris
mimarTva im ujredebze, romelTa monacemebic unda Seikribos. Tu
es argumenti ar aris mocemuli, monacemebi Seikribeba pirvel
argumentSi naCvenebi diapazonidan;
Power (number,exponent) - gamoiTvlis ricxvis xarisxs; number _
ricxvi; exponent _ xarisxis maCvenebeli;
Product (number1,number2,…) _ gamoiTvlis argumentebis
namravls;
ROUND(number,num_digits) _ amrgvalebs ricxvebs
miTiTebul sizustemde; number _ ricxvi, num digits _ sizuste;
ABS _ ricxvis absoluturi sidide, moduli;
MOD(number,divisor) _ erTi ricxvis meoreze gayofis
Sedegad darCenili naSTi; number _ gasayofi; divisor _ gamyofi;
PI _ uargumento funqcia, romelic gvaZlevs cnobil
maTematikur sidides, rac aris wrewiris sigrZis Sefardeba mis
diametrTan;
Roman – ricxvis gadayvana romaul sidideebSi;
Round (number,num_digits) _ ricxvis damrgvaleba; number _
ricxvi; num_digits _ damrgvalebis erTeuli: 2 measedebamde, 1 _
meaTedebamde, 0 _ erTeulamde.

58
 TariRisa da drois funqciebi

TariRsa da drosTan samuSaod Excel-s gaaCnia

specialuri funqciebi, romelTa gamoyenebac aadvilebs
araerTi problemis gadaWras.
ganvixiloT TariRisa da drois zogierTi saxis
funqciebi:
Date(Year,Month,Day) _ TariRi, sadac
Year _ weli (diapazoni 1900-dan 9999-mde);
Month _ Tve (1-dan 12-mde);
Day _ dRe (1-dan 31-mde).

miTiTebuli argumentebis meSveobiT moxdeba sasurveli TariRis

awyoba.

Datevalue (date,text) _ unda mivawodoT erTi argumenti,

TariRi, mxolod aucileblad teqstur formatSi, romelic
Caismeba brWyalebSi. Sedegad mogvcems miTiTebuli TariRi
meramdene dRea 1900 wlis 1 ianvridan.
Day _ vawodebT erT arguments, kerZod raime TariRs.
funqcia Sedegad gvaZlevs miTiTebuli TariRidan romelia
dRis ricxvi. analogiuri funqciebia:
Month _ Sedegad gvaZlevs Tvis ricxvs;
Year _ Sedegad gvaZlevs wlis ricxvs.
Days360(start_date,end_date,method) - dReebis raodenoba or
miTiTebul TariRs Soris. Tu am funqciiT visargeblebT,
gvaxsovdes, rom is iyenebs Semdeg meTods: yoveli Tve Sedgeba
30 dRisagan, xolo weliwadi 360 dRisagan.
Start_date _ sawyisi TariRi;
End_date _ saboloo TariRi;
Method _ Tu konkretuli gamoTvlebisas am funqciis
Sedegi SeiZleba CaiTvalos WeSmaritad, maSin iwereba 1,
winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi 0.
Networkdays (start_date,end_date,holdays) _ dReebis raodenoba
or miTiTebul TariRs Soris, garda SabaT-kvirisa da
miTiTebuli dasvenebis dReebisa. start_date _ sawyisi TariRi;
end_date _ saboloo TariRi; holidays _ dasvenebis dReebi;
Workday (start_date,days,holidays) - mogvcems miTiTebuli
dReebis raodenobis Semdegi samuSao dRis TariRs. start_date _
sawyisi TariRi; days _ dReebis raodenoba holidays _ dasvenebis
dReebi;
HOUR(serial_number) - unda mivawodoT erTi argumenti,
es aris raime dro, ris Sedegadac gviCvenebs am
droSi romelia saaTebis maCvenebeli. analogiuri
funqciebia:
Minute _ wuTebis maCvenebeli;

59
 Second _ wamebis maCvenebeli;
Now _ uargumento funqciaa, romelic gviCvenebs
mimdinare (e.i. gamoZaxebis dros arsebul) TariRsa da dros.
msgavsi funqciaa:
Today _ romelic gviCvenebs mxolod mimdinare TariRs;
Time(hour,minute,second) - funqcias unda mivawodoT sami
argumenti: hour _ saaTi; minute _ wuTi; second _ wami da am
argumentebiT aawyobs dros.
Timevalue _ unda mivawodoT raime dro teqstur formatSi.
Sedegad mogvcems, miwodebuli dro dRe-Ramis ra nawils
warmoadgens.
Weekday(serial_number,return_type) - funqcia iTvlis kviris
meramdene dRea miTiTebuli TariRi. serial_number _ TariRi;
return_type _ daTvlis meTodi. aq SeiZleba SeviyvanoT Semdegi
ricxvebi: 1, rac niSnavs rom daTvlas iwyebs kviridan; 2 _
daTvlas iwyebs orSabaTidan; 3 _ daTvlas iwyebs orSabaTidan,
oRond orSabaTs Tvlis nulovan dRed. Tu arcerTs ar
SeviyvanT, bunebrivad igulisxmebs 1-s.
Edate _ sawyisi TariRidan gadaTvlis miTiTebuli
Tveebis raodenobas.
Eomonth _ sawyisi TariRidan gadaTvlis miTiTebuli
Tveebis raodenobas da mogvcems Sesabamisi Tvis bolo dRes.
K

savarjiSo

1. gaxseniT samuSao furceli `informacia~ (ix. ekranis

qveda paneli).
2. cxrilidan F9 ujraSi avtomaturad gadmoitaneT $17 488.00.
3. waSaleT es ricxvi F9 ujraSi da moaTavseT danaxarjebis
jami.
4. F10 ujraSi moaTavseT C4 da C5 ujrebis jami.
5. formulis zolSi Cawerili formula
warmoadgineT absolutur misamarTebSi.
6. gaxseniT samuSao furceli `wliuri monacemebi~
7. F15 ujraSi SeqmeniT formula, romliTac gamoiTvleba
C3:C14 diapazonis jami, romelSic miniSnebuli
iqneba dasaxeleba `Table2” da `wliuri xarji~
8. Start meniudan gamoiZaxeT Microsoft Office Excel
9. SeadgineT Semdegi saxis cxrili:

60
10. aRniSnul samuSao furcels daarqviT `informacia”
11. gadadiT momdevno samuSao furcelze.
12. SeadgineT Semdegi saxis cxrili:

13. aRniSnul samuSao furcels daarqviT ` wliuri

monacemebi~

14. samuSao furcelze `informacia”, F9 ujraSiSeitaneT

=C4 da daaWireT Enter Rilakze.
F9 ujraSi gamoCndeba $ 17488.00 .
15. gamoyaviT F9 ujra, formulebis striqonSi
waSaleT iq arsebuli mniSvneloba da CawereT =S.
ekranze gamova funqciaTa CamonaTvalis meniu.

61
16. funqciebis CamonaTvalSi moniSneT Sum da daaWireT Tab
Rilakze. formulebis zolSi gamoCndeba
gamosaxuleba =SUM(.

17. gamoyaviT C3:C6 ujrebis diapazoni. Formulebis

striqonSi SeitaneT marjvena frCxili, rom
dasruldes formulis =SUM(C3:C6) Cawera da daaWireT
Enter Rilakze.
18. F9 ujraSi gamoCndeba $ 207 136.00.
19. F10 ujraSi SeitaneT = SUM(C4:C5) da daaWireT Enter
Rilakze.
20. F10 ujraSi Caiwereba Sedegi – $143 088,00.
21. formulis warmosadgenad absolutur masamarTebSi
saWiroa moniSnoT F10 ujra, formulebis striqonSi
moniSnoT (C4:C5). daaWireT jer F4, xolo Semdeg Enter
Rilakze.
22. F10 ujraSi gamoCndeba ricxvi $46 754,00, xolo
formulebis striqonSi ki =SUM($C$4:$C$5).
23. ekranis qveda panelze daaWireT samuSao
furclis `wliuri monacemebi”-s iarliys.

62
xarjebi

24. F15 ujraSi SeitaneT =SUM(T. gaSlil meniuSi airCieT

Table2 da daaWireT Tab Rilakze. formula miiRebs aseT
saxes =SUM(Table2.
25. gaxseniT kvadratuli frCxili. gaSlil meniuSi airCieT
`wliuri xarjebi~ da daaWireT Tab Rilakze.
formula miiRebs aseT saxes =SUM(Table2.[ Wliuri
26. formulebis striqonSi SeitaneT ] ),
rom dasruldes formulis Cawera da daaWireT Enter
Rilakze. F15 ujraSi gamoCndeba 6780.00 mniSvneloba.

63
 ლექცია 6
logikuri funqciebi - IF, And, False, Or, No

logikuri funqcia - IF

erT-erT logikur funqcias miekuTvneba IF

funqcia, romlis pirvel arguments aucileblad
warmoadgens piroba anu logikuri gamosaxuleba Logical test,
am funqciis Caweris sintaqsi aseTia:

= IF(logikuri gamosaxuleba, gamosaxuleba)

1) gamosaxuleba 2) logikur gamosaxulebaSi
igulisxmeba raime pirobis Semowmeba,
magaliTad metia, naklebia, tolia da a.S. Tu es
piroba sruldeba (WeSmaritia misi mniSvneloba -
value is true), maSin Sesruldeba mis Semdeg mdgari
gamosaxuleba - am SemTxvevaSi gamosaxuleba 1,
xolo Tu es piroba ar sruldeba (mcdaria
logikuri gamosaxulebis mniSvneloba - value if false),
maSin gamoitoveba gamosaxuleba 1 da Sesruldeba
gamosaxuleba 2.

IF funqciaSi gamoiyeneba Semdegi logikuri

operatorebi: metia, naklebia, tolia, ar udris da a. S.

magaliTi 2: mocemul cxrilSi gamoviTvaloT

premia, Semdegi pirobiT:
Tu gamomuSaveba aWarbebs 400 lars, premia Seadgendes

64
gamomuSavebis 30%-s, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi (e.i. Tu
gamomuSaveba naklebia an toli 400 laris)
ar daeniSnoT premia.

miTiTeba:
2.1. davayenoT mimTiTebeli F4 ujraSi, da CavweroT
gamosaxuleba rogorc es suraT 1-zea naCvenebi.

sur. 40. magaliTi IF funqciis gamoyenebaze

simartivisaTvis, F4 SegviZlia Cven ki ar CavweroT,

TagviT vimoqmedoT am ujraze da Cveulebriv
gavagrZeloT Semdeg formulis wera. formulis
damTavrebis Semdeg vimoqmedoT Enter-ze da da
ganvavrcoT qvemoT danarCeni ujrebisTvisac.

sur. 41 magaliTi funqcia If gamoyenebiT

65
2.2. davayenoT mimTiTebeli F4 ujraSi da
vimoqmedoT funqciebis ostatze, gamosuli
fanjridan kategoriebis velSi avirCioT Logical an
All, avirCioT funqcia IF da vimoqmedoT OK-ze.
gamosul dialogur fanjaraSi davayenoT kursori
TiToeul velSi da mivuTiToT parametrebi, rogorc
es sur. 2–zea naCvenebi, Semdeg ki OK.
2.3 gavaaqtiuroT isev F4 ujra da moniSvnis markeriT
ganvavrcoT qvemoT sxva ujrebzedac F9 ujris
CaTvliT.

magaliTi 3. mocemul cxrilSi gamoviTvaloT

premia, Semdegi pirobiT:
Tu gamomuSaveba tolia 400 laris, premia
Seadgendes 100 lars, Tu naklebia 400 larze,
premia Seadgendes 50 lars, 400 larze
metobis SemTxvevaSi ki - 150 lars.
premiis pirvel ujraSi (F4) Caiwereba If funqcia
Semdegi saxiT:
=IF(E4=400,100, IF(E4<400,50,150))
SegviZlia es funqcia sxvadasxva saxiT Caiweros,
gamomdinare iqidan pirobiT gamosaxulebaSi ra
mieTiTeba, mag SeiZleboia aRniSnuli amocana asc
gadagvewyvita:
=IF(E4<400,50, IF(E4=400,100,150))

funqcia AND (da) - logikuri gamravleba.

Caweris sintaqsi:

=And(Logical1, Lal2, …)
abrunebs mniSvnelobas true (WeSmariti), Tu yvela
logikuri cvladi WeSmaritia.
logikur ფუნქციebs miekuTvneba agreTve Semdegi
funqciebi: FALSE NOT, OR, TRUE.

funqcia False (mcdari) .

Caweris sintaqsi:
=False()
abrunebs mniSvnelobas False.

funqcia Or (an).

es aris logikuri Sekreba. Caweris sintaqsi:

66
=Or(Logical1,*Logical2+, …)
abrunebs mniSvnelobas true (WeSmariti) , Tu
erTi mainc logikuri cvladebidan WeSmaritia.
funqcia NOT (uaryofa)
Caweris sintaqsi:
=NOT(Logical )
abrunebs mniSvnelobas False Tu Logical gamosaxuleba
WeSmaritia (True) da piriqiT,
abrunebs mniSvnelobas True, Tu Logical gamosaxuleba
mcdaria.

67
 ლექცია 7
statistikuri funqciebi

funqcia AVERAGE gamoiyeneba saSualo

ariTmetikulis gamosaTvlelad. misi Caweris sintaqsi
aseTia:
=AVERAGE(Range),
sadac Range diapazonia.
ufro martivad ki, Tu cxrilSi romelime
ricxviTi mniSvnelobis mqone svetis boloSi
gvinda miviRoT saSualo ariTmetikuli, maSin
davayenebT mimTiTebels Sevsebuli svetis qvemoT, davwerT
tolobis niSans da lentadan Home/Editing/Autosum-is
gverdiT samkuTxa isridan CamoSlili
funqciebidan an formulis zolSi fx funqciebidan
avirCevT AVERAGE . gamodis moniSnuli diapazoni,
romelsac Tu veTanxmebiT vmoqmedebT OK-ze da Tu
ara, maSin mis adgilze Cven movniSnavT im diapazons,
romlisTvisac vaxdenT saSualo ariTmetikulis
gamoTvlas.
funqcia COUNT da COUNT NUMBERS (lentadan
/Autosum-dan) gamoiyeneba ricxviTi monacemebis
daTvlisaTvis. Caweris sintaqsi:

=Count(Value1, value2, …), an =Count (Range),

sadac Value1, value2-…is nacvlad mieTiTeba diapazoni.

mag: =Count(A1:A15) daabrunebs mocemul diapazonSi
ricxviTi monacemebis raodenobas.
funqcia COUNTA gamoiyeneba Sevsebul
mniSvnelobaTa daTvlisaTvis mocemul diapazonSi;
Caweris sintaqsi: =COUNTA(Value1, Value2, …) an
=COUNTA(Range);
funqcia COUNTBLANK gamoiyeneba carieli
ujrebis daTvlisaTvis mocemul diapazonSi;
Caweris sintaqsi:
=COUNTBLANK(Range);
funqcia COUNTIF gamoiyeneba mniSvnelobaTa
daTvlisaTvis mocemuli pirobis mixedviT:
Caweris sintaqsi:
=Countif (Range, Criteria)
mag. daviTvloT, ramdens aqvs 800 larze meti
xelfasi, Tu xelfasis mniSvnelobebi mocemulia B1:B12
diapazonSi: =Countif (B1:B12, “>800”)
funqcia COUNTIFS gamoiyeneba mniSvnelobaTa
daTvlisaTvis ramodenime pirobis mixedviT:

68
 funqciis Caweris sintaqsi:
=Countif (C_ Range1, Criteria1,…)
mag: Tu C5: C40 diapazonSi mocemulia studentebis
Sefasebebi, imis gasagebad Tu ramdenma miiRo 0-dan
5-is CaTvliT Sefaseba, SegviZlia CavweroT:

=COUNTIFS(C5:C40,">0", C5:C40, "<=5").

eqselis mTvlelidan Count aRniSnavs Sevsebuli

ujrebis raodenobas, xolo Numerical Numbers- ricxviTi
monacemebis raodenobas.

romeli funqciebi gamoiyeneba

statistikuri analizisTvis?

statistikuri analizisTvis gamoiyeneba

Semdegi funqciebi: MAX, MIN, MEDIAN, DEVSQ, MODE da
sxv.
funqcia MAX rogorc viciT
gamoiyeneba maqsimaluri sididis gamosatanad.
misi Caweris sintaqsi aseTia:

=MAX(Number1, Number2,…), an
=MAX(Range), Range – diapazoni.

funqcia MIN rogorc viciT gamoiyeneba minimaluri

sididis gamosatanad. Caweris sintaqsi:

=MIN(Number1, Number2,…), an
=MIN(Range), Range - diapazoni.

maqsimumsa da minimums Soris sxvaobiT pouloben

gabnevis dipazons. magaliTad, Tu mocemuli
gvaqvs fasebi A1:A15 diapazonSi, maSin

=MAX(A1:A15)-MAX(A1:A15)

gamosaxulebiT gamoiTvleba gabnevis diapazoni

fasebisTvis.
funqcia MEDIAN gamoitans medianas
(ricxvTa mwkrivis Sua wevri) mocemuli
ricxvTa mwkrivisTvis. Caweris sintaqsi:
=MEDIAN(Number1, Number2,…), an
=MEDIAN(Range), Range – diapazoni.

funqcia MODE gamoitans modas (yvelaze

xSirad gameorebadi ricxvi) mocemuli ricxvTa

69
mwkrivisTvis.

Caweris sintaqsi:

=MODE(Number1, Number2,…), an
=MODE(Range), Range – diapazoni.

magaliTad am funqciis saSualebiT SegviZlia

davadginoT yvelaze xSirad romeli saxeobi saqoneli
iyideba.
funqcia Rank daabrunebs rangis mniSvnelobas.
Caweris sintaqsi:
= Rank(number, ref,[order]),

sadac number miuTiTebs ricxvs, romlis poziciac

unda ganvsazRvroT, ref – masivs, diapazons, romlis
mixedviTac pozociis gansazRvra gvsurs, order ar
warmoadgens aucilebel parametrs, igi miuTiTebs
dapazonis daxarisxebis wess, Tu igi tolia 0-
is, niSnavs rom diapazoni, sadac mocemuli
ricxvis adgils vpoulobT, daxarisxebulia
klebadobiT, xolo Tu igi gansxvavdeba nolisgan niSnavs
diapazonis zrdadobiT daxarisxebas. am
parametris armiTiTebis SemTxvevaSi
gaiTvaliswineba dauxarisxebeli masivi, anu diapazoni.
es funqcia xSirad gamoiyeneba. magaliTad:
roca gvsurs ganvsazRvroT meramdene adgili
ukavia romelime savaWro obieqts saqonlis
brunvis mixedviT, saeqsporto produqciis
raodenobis mixedviT, aseve reitingis gansazRvrisas
da a. S.
funqcia DEVSQ abrunebs kvadratul mniSvnelobaTa
gadaxrebis jams.

70
funqciebis gamoyenebis magaliTebi

, , , , TI

sur. 42. magaliTi

71
2 ganvsazRvroT altas mier Semotanili produqciis
saerTo Rirebuleba (e. i. Rirebulebebis jami):

=SUMIF(kompiuteruli firma,~alta~,Rirebuleba )

3. ramdenjer moxda produqciis Semotana 2010 wlamde:

=COUNTIF (TariRi ,"<=12/31/2010")
4. daviTvaloT 200-ze meti raodenobis mqone
Semotanili produqcia:
=COUNTIF(raodenoba, „>200“)

72
 ლექცია 8
Afinansuri funqciebi

finansuri amocanebis gadasawyvetad xSirad

vsargeblobT ama Tu im finansuri funqciiT,
romelTa gamoZaxeba SegviZlia rogorc
instrumentebis panelis qvemoT moTavsebuli formulis
zolidan fx – iT, aseve eqselSi menius
striqonSi Formulas – ze moqmedebiT da CamoTvlili
funqciebidan Financial-is siis CamoSliT da maTgan
saWiro funqciis arCeviT. mocemuli suraTidan (sur.
43) arCeulia magaliTad FV funqcia. finansuri

sur. 43 finansuri funqciebis gamoZaxeba

funqciis gamoZaxebisas funqciebis ostatiT fanjris

qveda kuTxeSi OK – Rilakis marcxniv fiqsirdeba
wawera: Help on this function (daxmareba am funqciaze).
masze moqedebiT On-line reJimSi gamodis sacnobaro
informacia im konkretuli funqciis Sesaxeb, romelic
gamoZaxebuli gvqonda.
unda gaviTvaliswinoT, rom finansur funqciebSi
Tanxis amsaxveli argumentis mniSvneloba iwereba
minusiT, roca igi aRniSnavs gasavals, magaliTad
depoziti, investicia.
finansuri funqciebiT rom visargebloT unda
vicodeT funqciis daniSnuleba da maTi parametrebi

73
(argumentebi). mokled ganvmartoT zogierTi maTgani,
yvelaze ufro xSirad gamosayenebeli
finansuri funqciebi da maTi aRniSvnebi:

RATE – wliuri saprocento ganakveTi;

NPER – periodebis (vadis) ricxvi (Tve, kvartali,
weli da a. S.)
PMT – periodulad Sesatani/gasacemi Tanxa, xSirad
gamoiyeneba grZelvadian sesxebsa da investiciebSi
periodulad Sesatani Tanxis gasaangariSeblad;
PV – sawyisi Tanxa (sawyisi kapitali),
investicia (dabandebuli Tanxa), krediti;
FV– momavalSi misaRebi Tanxa (mosalodneli
Tanxa),
Type – gviCvenebs Tanxis daricxva rodis xdeba, Tu
daricxva periodis bolos xorcieldeba, maSin igi
Rebulobs mniSvnelobas – 0-s, xolo Tu
periodis dasawyisSi – maSin 1-s;
NPV – mimdinare wminda Rirebuleba (es funqcia FV–
funqciisagan gansxvavdeba imiT, rom FV– s viyenebT maSin,
roca Semosavali periodulad mudmivi sididea, amasTan
Tanxis gadaxda SegviZlia gaviTvaliswinoT rogorc
periodis dasawyisSi an periodis bolos, xolo NPV – s
SemTxvevaSi SemosavalTa mniSvnelobebi cvladia
da amasTan gadaxdis Tanxa proporciulad nawildeba
periodebSi da gadaxda mxolod periodis bolos
xorcieldeba);
IPMT – konkretul periodSi gadasaxdeli
sargeblis Tanxis gaangariSebis funqcia.
PPMT – konkretul periodSi gadasaxdeli
sargeblis Tanxis gaangariSebis funqcia.
funqciebis Caweris sintaqsis dros kvadratul
frCxilebSi moTavsebuli argumentebi SeiZleba
funqciaSi ar mieTiTos, magram Tu iseTi argumenti
ar aris mocemuli, romlis miTiTebac saWiroa,
anu ar aris kvadratul frCxilebSi
moTavsebuli, maSin mis nacvlad unda
daiweros mZime, an wertilmZime, rogorc amas
funqciis Caweris sintaqsi moiTxovs.

funqcia PV

funqcia PV –Ti xdeba sawyisi kapitalis,

investiciis gaangariSeba.
funqciis Caweris sintaqsi:

74
 = PV(RATE, NPER, PMT, [FV], [TYPE])

funqcia FV

FV- warmoadgens momavalSi misaRebi Tanxis

gaangariSebis funqcias
funqciis Caweris sintaqsi:
=FV(RATE, NPER, PMT, [ PV], [Type])

75
 sur. 44 funqcia FV funqciebis ostatiT

dialogur velebSi umjobesia ricxvebis Caweris nacvlad

mieTiTos maTi misamarTebi, rogorc es sur. 2-zea. Tumca
amJamad meti sicxadisTvis ganxilul magaliTebSi pirdapir
ricxvebs mivuTiTebT.

magaliTi 2. komerciuli saqmianobis mizniT 3 wlis vadiT

davabandeT Tanxa 35000 laris odenobiT, 16% wliuri saprocento
ganakveTiT. amasTan yoveli wlis bolos Segvaqvs Tanxa
2000 laris odenobiT, rogor viangariSoT misaRebi Tanxis
moculoba vadis amowurvis Semdeg?
=FV(16%, 4, -2000, -35000) ან ასე: =FV(16%, 4, -2000, -35000, 0)

magaliTi 3. vadian depozitze 4 wlis vadiT SevitaneT Tanxa 7000

lari. 11% wliuri saprocento ganakveTiT. procentis daricxva
eqvs TveSi (yovel naxevarweliwadSi) erTxel warmoebs. rogor
viangariSoT misaRebi Tanxis moculoba vadis mowurvis Semdeg?

miTiTeba: radgan eqvs TveSi erTxel xdeba daricxva, weliwadSi

moxdeba 2- jer (12/2), e.i. periodebis ricxvi - nper toli iqneba 4
gamravlebuli 6-ze, xolo rate toli iqneba 11%/2, ei. sabolood
gaangariSebis formula ase Caiwereba:

=FV(Rate/2, nper*(12/2), , -PV) anu =Fv(11%/2. 4*6,, -7000)

76
 funqcia NPER

funqcia NPER warmoadgens periodebis ricxvis

gaangariSebis funqcias.
funqciis Caweris sintaqsi:

= NPER (RATE, PMT, PV,[ FV], [Type])

funqcia PMT

PMT funqciiT xdeba periodulad

misaRebi/gadasaxdeli Tanxis gaangariSeba:
funqciis Caweris sintaqsi:

=PMT( RATE, NPER, PV, [ FV], [TYPE])

magaliTi 1: komerciuli saqmianobis mizniT gamovitaneT krediti

45000 laris odenobiT 4 wlis vadiT, 16% wliuri saprocento ganakveTiT.
ganvsazRvroT yovelTviurad gadasaxdeli Tanxa.
vinaidan, Cveni amocanisTvis unda viangariSoT yovelTviuri
gadasaxdeli Tanxa, wliuri saprocento ganakveTi da wlebis raodenoba
77
 unda gadaviyvanoT Tviur maCvenebelze, formula miiRebs aseT
saxes:
= pmt ( 16%/12, 4*12, 45000)

magaliTi 2. komerciuli saqmianobis mizniT gamovitaneT

krediti 45000 laris odenobiT 7 Tvis vadiT, 16% wliuri saprocento
ganakveTiT. ganvsazRvroT yovelTviurad gadasaxdeli Tanxa.
formulis Caweris sintaqsi Cveni amocanisTvis:
= pmt ( 16%/12, 7, 45000)

am amocanaSi radgan periodi TveebSia gamosaxuli, am

maCvenebels sxva ganzomilebaSi gadayvana aRar dasWirda.

saprocento ganakveTis gaangariSebis gaangariSebis

funqcia RATE

funqciis Caweris sintaqsi:

=RATE(NPER, PMT, PV, [FV], [TYPE], [GUESS])

sesxis dafarvis funqciebi IPMT da PPMT

funqcia IPMT-Ti iangariSeba gadasaxdeli

sargeblis Tanxa konkretuli periodisTvis mudmivi
saprocento ganakveTis SemTxvevaSi.
funqciis Caweris sintaqsi:

=IPMT(rate, per, nper, pv, [fv], [Type]),

sadac per warmoadgens im konkretul periods,

romlisTvisac gvsurs sargeblis Tanxis gaangariSeba.

78
 funqcia PPMT-Ti iangariSeba gadasaxdeli
sargeblis Tanxa konkretuli periodisTvis. misi
Caweris sintaqsi identuria funqcia IPMT-si:

=PPMT(rate, per, nper, pv, [fv], [Type]),

sadac per warmoadgens im konkretul periods,
romlisTvisac gvsurs ZiriTadi Tanxis gaangariSeba.

funqcia FVSCHEDULE – momavalSi misaRebi Tanxa cvladi

saprocento ganakveTebis SemTxvevaSi

funqcia FVSCHEDULE -momavalSi misaRebi Tanxa cvladi

saprocento ganakveTebis SemTxvevaSi, iangariSeba rogorc
sawyisi Tanxisa da sargeblis jami. misi Caweris
sintaqsi:
=FVSCHEDULE(PRINCIPAL, SCHEDULE ),

sadac principal warmoadgens sawyis Tanxas, investicias,

xolo Schedule – warmoadgens sxvadasxva periodSi
mosalodneli Semosavlebis zrdis procentebis
diapazons, eqselis furcelze maT CavwerT miyolebiT da
Schedule iqneba maTi diapazoni,
magaliTi: ujraSi dafiqsirebulia investicia
3000 laris odenobiT. xolo D3:D5 diapazonSi
Semosavlis zrda pirvel, meore da mesame periodSi
Sesabamisad 15%, 25%, 40%. funqcias eqneba aseTi saxe:
=FVSCHEDULE(3000, D3:D5).

funqcia EFFECT – realuri (efeqturi)

saprocento ganakveTi

funqcia EFFECT- realuri (efeqturi) saprocento

ganakveTi angariSobs moqmed, realur wliur saprocento
79
ganakveTs, roca mocemulia daricxvebis periodebis
raodenoba, misi Caweris sintaqsi aseTia:
=EFFECT(Nominal-Rate, Nper)

magaliTad, Tu Tanxa gamotanilia 5 wlis

vadiT, wliuri saprocento ganakveTiT - 20% da
daricxvebi xdeba naxevarweliwadSi erTxel, maSin
daricxvebis periodi iqneba 5*2=10.
funqcias eqneba aseTi saxe:
=EFFECT(20%, 5*2)

funqcia NOMINAL

es funqcia angariSobs nominalur wliur saprocento

ganakveTs, roca mocemulia efeqturi saprocento
ganakveTi da daricxvebis periodebis raodenoba,
misi Caweris sintaqsi aseTia:

=Nominal (EFFECT -Rate, NPER)

magaliTad, Tu sesxi gamotanili gvaqvs 3 wlis

vadiT da weliwadSi orjer xdeba daricxva,
efeqturi saprocento ganakveTi 22%-ia, maSin
funqcia gamoiTvleba ase:

= Nominal(22%,3*2)
miviRebT Sedegs 0.2021, anu 20 %-s.

finansuri funqciebis gaangariSebis

maTematikuri safuZveli

Excel-Si ganxiluli yvela zemoT CamoTvlili

funqciis gaangariSebis safuZvels warmoadgens Semdegi
formula:
PMT* ((1+RATE)nper-1)/RATE)*(1+RATE*TYPE)+PV(1+RATE)nper+FV=0

rogor gamoiangariSebian FV, PV, PMT, Rate da Nper?

FV– momavalSi misaRebi Tanxa;
SemTxveva: roca sawyisi Tanxa cnobilia, e.i. PV
mocemulia, maSin FV gamoiTvleba Semdegi gaangariSebis
safuZvelze:
FV=PV(1+R)nper
SemTxveva: roca PMT mocemulia, xolo PV=0, maSin
TYPE=0: FV= PMT (1+R)n/R
PV– sawyisi Tanxa, investicia:
SemTxveva: roca momavalSi misaRebi Tanxa

80
(mosalodneli Sedegi) cnobilia, e.i. FV mocemulia,
xolo PMT=0, maSin PV gamoiTvleba Semdegi
gaangariSebis safuZvelze:

PV=FV/ (1+RATE)nper
SemTxveva: roca PMT mocemulia, xolo FV=0, maSin:
PV= (FV+PMT((1+RATE)nper-1)/RATE )(1+RATE)nper

PMT– periodulad Sesatani Tanxis gaangariSeba:

SemTxveva: roca PV=0 da TYPE=0, xolo FV mocemulia:
PMT= (RATE* FV)/ ((1+RATE)nper-1)
SemTxveva: roca PV=0, xolo TYPE=1
PMT= FV/ ((1+RATE)nper-1)
Rate – wliuri saprocento ganakveTis gaangariSeba:
RATE= 1
NPER– periodebis ricxvis gaangariSeba:
NPER=Log FV/(1+RATE)nper.

81
 ლექცია 9
cxrilis avtomaturi formireba

eqselSi cxrilis formireba SegviZlia

mravalnairad:
eqselis furcelze movniSnoT is are, romelic
cxrilis saxiT gvinda rom daproeqtdes;
vimoqmedoT Home–is Styles CanarTSi Format as Table
Rilakze. gamodis fanjara cxrilis saxiT sxvadasxva
stiliT (ix. sur. 46) warmodgenili sami kategoriis
ferebiT: Light (Ria ferebi) Medium(saSualo) da
Dark (muqi). avirCevT romelimes Cveni survilis
mixedviT;
stilis arCevis Semdeg ixsneba dialoguri
fanjara, sadac unda

sur. 47 cxrilis
ganTavsebis misamarTis
miTiTeba

sur. 46
cxrilis formirebisTvis mivuTiToT Cveni monacemebis
ganTavsebis are, anu diapazoni (ix. sur. 47). aq SegviZlia
movniSnoT is are, sadac gvsurs cxrilis
ganTavseba dafanjaraSi avtomaturad dafiqsirdeba am
diapazonis misamarTi. amave fanjaraSi aris moTavsebuli
patara oTkuTxedi - My table has header (Cems cxrils aqvs
saTaurebi), romelsac vaaqtiurebT(gaaqtiureba niSnavs
masze Tagvis marcxena RilakiT moqmedebas),

82
 sur. 48 cxrilisTvis saTaurebisa
აvtomaturaდ gansazRvra

Cvens cxrils aqvs ukve Cven mier Casmuli svetis

saTaurebi.
im SemTxvevaSi, Tu mas ar gavaaqtiurebT, maSin cxrils
avtomaturad daufiqsirdeba svetebis saTaurebi Column1,
Column2 da a. S. (ix. sur. 48). miviRebT cxrils, sadac ukve
SegviZleba monacemebis Setana.
avtomaturad formatirebis dros cxrils SegviZlia
davumatoT bolo saSedego striqoni, da CavataroT
svetebis bolos sxvadasxva gaangariSebebi, amisTvis
formirebul cxrilis areSi gavaaqtiurebT
romelime ujras, lentis zemoT gamoCndeba
Design CanarTi, saidanac gavaaqtiurebT lentaze

Total Row CamrTvels (ix.sur. 49 ). Sedegad avtoformirebul

cxrilSi gaCndeba striqoni: Total (ix. sur. 50).

sur. 49. saSedego striqonis gamotana

ra gaTvlebi SeiZleba Catardes Total Row saSedego

striqonebis saSualebiT? Ggavaaqtiurod is ujra, sadac
gvsurs Sedegis gamotana, mag C10. ujris gverdiT gaCndeba
samkuTxa siis isari (sur. 5), romelze moqmedebiTac Tagvis
marcxena RilakiT gamodis funqciebis sia (Average –
saSualo ariTmetikuli, Count Sevsebuli ujrebis daTvla,
Count Numbers (ricxviTi monacemebis daTvla), Max - maqsimumi,

83
Min - minimumi, Stdev-standartuli gadaxra, Var –variaciis
Sefaseba), bolo Rilakze moqmedebiT gamodis
funqciebis ostatis fanjara, sadac SegviZlia avirCioT
nebismieri funqcia.

sur. 50 saSedego striqoni da SesaZlo moqmedebaTa sia

rogor SegviZlia formatirebul cxrilSi

striqonebsa da svetebze (saTauris garda) fonis
mocileba?
amisaTvis cxrilis nebismier areSi vimoqmedoT
Tagvis marcxena RilakiT, rom gamoCndes lentis
zemoT CanarTi “Design” da amovrToT
CamrTveli (vimoqmedoT TagviT) “Banded Row”. e.i.
Rilakis CarTva-amorTviT xdeba formatirebis
mocemuli stilis CarTva-gamorTva striqonebze.
igive xdeba svetebisTvis “Banded Column” - ze moqmedebiT.
Design/First Column - ze moqmedebiT xdeba pirveli svetis
daformateba cxrilis saTauris formatiT.
Design/Last Column - ze moqmedebiT ki bolo svetis
daformateba cxrilis saTauris formatiT.
Design/Header Row - ze moqmedebiT xdeba cxrilis
saTauris damalva-gamoCena.

84
 pirobiTi formatireba

pirobiTi formatirebis daniSnuleba

pirobiTi formatireba niSnavs moniSnul

svetze mocemuli pirobis mixedviT garkveuli
wesebis Sesrulebas.
mis Sesasruleblad
saWiroa Home CanarTis
Style brZanebaTa jgufSi
vimoqmedoT Conditional
Formating (pirobiTi
formatireba) brZanebis
siis Rilakze. (sur. 51).

sur. 51

pirobiTi formatirebis Rilakze moqmedebiT ixsneba

fanjara, sadac CamoTvlilia pirobiTi
formatirebis Sesrulebis meTodebi.

sur. 52 pirobiTi formatirebis brZanebebi

kerZod: Highlight Cells rules (ujrebis feriT gamoyofa
garkveuli pirobebis Sesrulebisas); Top/Bottom Rules
(ujrebis feriT gamoyofa zeda da qveda
mniSvnelobebis povnisas); Data Bars (pirobiTi formatireba
histogramiT) da Color scales (pirobiTi formatireba ferTa
skaliT); Icon Sets (pirobiTi formatireba piqtogramebiT).
TiToeul maTgans Tavisi qvefunqciebi gaaCnia.
magaliTad, Tu moniSnuli svetis ujrebSi
moTavsebuli sidideebi raRac garkveul sidideze
metia, SeiZleba es ujrebi garkveuli foniT
moiniSnos (ix. sur. 52).

85
 mocemuli suraTis mixedviT (sur. 53),
moniSnulia svetis is ujrebi, romlebSic
moTavsebuli ricxviTi sidideebi metia 400-
ze, moiniSneba Ria wiTeli foniT (Light Red Fill),
xolo Srifti iqneba muqi wiTeli (Dark Red Greater
Than brZaneba Text- muqi wiTeli teqstiT).

sur. 53 Greater Than brZaneba

sur. 54 axali formatirebis wesis gansazRvra

pirobiTi formatirebis brZanebebis Sesasruleblad

saWiroa winaswar moniSnuli iyos is sveti,
romlisTvisac pirobiT formatirebas vaxdenT.
Highlight Cells Rules vebrZanebaSi - Greater Than brZanebiT
moiniSneba is ujrebi, romelTa SigTavsic metia
miTiTebul sidideze;
Less Than - romelTa SigTavsic naklebia miTiTebul
sidideze;
Between – es piroba mieTiTeba maSin, roca or sidides
Soris xdeba Sedareba, moiniSneba is ujrebi, romelTa
SigTavsic moTavsebulia mocemul SualedSi;
Equal To – moiniSneba is ujrebi, romelTa
SigTavsic tolia garkveuli miTiTebuli sididis;
Text that Contains, teqsti romelic Seicavs miTiTebul
mniSvnelobas;

86
Date Occuring- romelic moicavs miTiTebul TariRs;
Duplicate Values- moiniSneba is ujrebi, romel
ujrebSic xdeba monacemTa dublireba;
Conditional Formating-is meore Top/BooTom Rules
brZanebiT xdeba romelime zRvars iqiT zeda (top)
an qveda (Bottom) miTiTebuli raodenobis ujrebis
gamotana;
Data Bar moniSnul svetSi ujrebis sidideebs
warmoadgens monacemTa diagramis saxiT;
Color Scales –iT xdeba ujrebis sidideebis dayofa
maqsimalur, saSualo da qveda ricxvebad da xdeba
maTTvis sxvadasxva feris gamoyofa;
Icon Sets-iT xdeba garkveuli pirobebis mixedviT
sxvadasxva grafikuli niSnebis daniSvna.

pirobiTi formatirebis gauqmeba

pirobiTi formatirebis gauqmeba xdeba brZanebiT:

Clear rules da sveti isev dabrundeba sawyis
mdgomareobaSi.
pirobiTi formatirebis brZanebebSi New Rule da Manage Rules
brZanebiT (ix. sur. 52) SegviZlia formatirebis axali
wesebis SemoReba, New Rule-ze moqmedebiT ixsneba
fanjara (ix. sur. 54), romlis zeda nawilSi (Select a Rule
Type) CamoTvlilia formatirebis brZanebebi,
saidanac unda moiniSnos is brZaneba, romlisTvisac
axali wesis Seqmna gvinda, qveda nawilSi (Edit
the Rule Description) ki SegviZlia movaxdinoT aRniSnuli
brZanebis formatirebis redaqtireba CvenTvis sasurveli
formiT.
Manage Rules (ix. sur. 52) brZanebiT ixsneba fanjara (ix. sur.
10), romelSic Show formatting Rules for dialogur velSi Cans
formatirebis brZaneba sad gamoiyeneba, mimdinare
moniSvnisTvis (Current Selection), am furclisTvis (this
Worksheet), Sheet2 Tu Sheet3-sTvis. amave fanjridan
SegviZlia agreTve formatirebis axali wesis
gansazRvrac, Tu vimoqmedebT brZanebaze: New Rules,
gaixsneba sur. 55-ze mocemuli fanjara, romelic ukve
ganvixileT.

sur. 55. Manage Rules fanjara

87
 ლექცია 10

daxarisxeba

daxarisxeba aris monacemTa an siis dalageba

gansazRvruli Tanmimdevrobis mixedviT. xSirad
cxrilebTan muSaobis dros aucilebelia monacemTa
striqonebis daxarisxeba. rogorc wesi daxarisxebis
dros xdeba mTliani striqonebis
mowesrigeba, magram SesaZlebelia agreTve
calkeuli ujrebis mowesrigebac. daxarisxeba
SeiZleba zrdadobisa da klebadobis mixedviT.
diapazonis daxarisxebis droს sasurvelia ar iyos
masSi sveti monacemebis gareSe. agreTve
daxarisxebis dros diapazonSi ar unda
iyos svetis dasaxeleba.
daxarisxebis dros damaluli striqonebi
sasurvelia gamovaCinoT. monacemTa daxarisxeba
SeZleba movaxdinoT teqstis (a-dan h-mde an piriqiT),
ricxvebis (umciresidan udidesisaken an udidesidan
umciresisaken) da agreTve droisa da TariRis (Zvelidan
axlisaken an piriqiT) mixedviT.
Tu dasaxarisxebeli sveti Seicavs ricxvebs
da ricxvebs asoiTi aRniSvnebiT, maSin yvela isini
unda davaformatoT rogorc teqsti. winaaRmdeg
SemTxvevaSi daxarisxebis Semdeg dasawyisSi iqneba
ricxvebi da Semdeg ricxvebi asoebiT.

monacemTa daxarisxeba

moniSneT dasaxarisxebeli svetis romelime ujra.

Data (monacemebi) CanarTis Sort & Filter (daxarisxeba da
filtri) ganyofilebaSi SeasruleT erT-erTi Semdegi
moqmedebebidan:
a) daaWireT Rilakze – daxarisxeba zrdadobis
mixedviT.
b) daaWireT Rilakze - daxarisxeba klebadobis
mixedviT.

monacemTa daxarisxeba ramodenime svetis mixedviT

moniSneT monacemTa diapazonis romelime ujra. Data

(monacemebi) CanarTis Sort & Filter (daxarisxeba da filtri)
ganyofilebaSi daaWireT Sort (daxarisxeba) Rilakze.
gamosul dialogur fanjaraSi daaWireT Sort by
(daxarisxeba) velSi isarze da Semdeg im svetis
saTaurze, romelSic axdenT monacemebis daxarisxebas.
daaWireT jer Sort On (daxarisxeba) velSi isarze da

88
 ეგ Order
airCieT monacemebis daxarisxebis principi, შემდ
(rigi) velSi, isarze. airCieT daxarisxebis erT-erTi
elementi A to Z (A dan Z) Tu Z to A (Z dan A) -mde. daaWireT Add
Level (donis damateba) Rilakze Ok.

daxarisxebis donis damateba

moniSneT monacemTa diapazonis romelime ujra. Data

(monacemebi) CanarTis Sort & Filter (daxarisxeba da filtri)
ganyofilebaSi daaWireT Sort (daxarisxeba) Rilakze
შემდეგ Add Level (donis damateba) Rilakze da gansazRvreT
daxarisxebis parametrebi.

daxarisxebis donis waSla

moniSneT monacemTa diapazonis romelime ujra. Data

(monacemebi) CanarTis Sort & Filter (daxarisxeba da filtri)
ganyofilebaSi daaWireT Sort (daxarisxeba) Rilakze.
მoniSneT daxarisxebis done, romelic unda waSaloT.
daaWireT Delete Level (donis waSla) Rilakze.

filtri

cxrlidan mocemuli parametrebis mixedviT

monacemebis amorCevis martiv instruments
warmoadgens filtri. monacemTa diapazonis
gafiltvris brZanebebi saSualebas iZlevian,
furcelSi avsaxoT mxolod is monacemebi, romlebic
akmayofileben gafiltvris dros miTiTebul pirobebs.

filtris gamoyneba samuSao furcelze

gaaqtiureT monacemTa diapazonis erT-erTi ujra.

SeasruleT brZaneba Data (monacemebi) / Sort & Filter
(daxarisxeba da filtri) /Filter (filtri). monacemTa
diapazonis yvela svetis saTaurs gverdiT siis
maCvenebeli isari gauCndeba, romelTac avtofiltris
Rilakebs uwodeben.
airCieT is veli, romlis mniSvnelobebic unda
gamoiyenoT SesarCev monacemTa kriteriumad da daaWireT
avtofiltris isarze. Gafiltvris kriteriumTa siaSi
almiT gamoyaviT is elementi, romlis mixedviTac
apirebT gafiltvras. daaWireT Ok Rilakze.

filtris gauqmeba

gaaqtiureT monacemTa diapazonis erT-erTi ujra.

daaWireT Data (monacemebi) CanarTis Sort & Filter
89
(daxarisxeba da filtri) ganyofilebaSi Clear
(gasufTaveba) Rilakze.

monacemTa svetSi udidesi da umciresi

mniSvnelobebis moZebna

gaaqtiureT monacemTa diapazonis erT-erTi ujra.

daaWireT Data (monacemebi) CanarTis Sort & Filter
(daxarisxeba da filtri) ganyofilebaSi Filter (filtri)
Rilakze. airCieT is veli, romelSic axdenT
gafiltvras da daaWireT svetSi avtofiltris isarze.
SeasruleT brZaneba Number Filter (ricxviTi filtri).
daaWireT Top 10 (pirveli 10) filtrze. miuTiTeT, svetSi
romeli elementi unda darCes: udidesi Tu umciresi.
miuTiTeT, ramdeni elementi (an elementebis saerTo
raodenobidan ramdeni procenti) unda darCes.

individualuri filtris Seqmna

gaaqtiureT monacemTa diapazonis erT-erTi

ujra. gafiltvris isris gamosaCenad daaWireT Data
(monacemebi) CanarTis Sort & Filter (daxarisxeba da
filtri) ganyofilebaSi Filter (filtri)
Rilakze. daaWireT im svetSi avtofiltris isarze,
romlisTvisac unda SeqmnaT individualuri filtri da
Semdeg Text Eilter (teqsturi filtri) brZanebaze.
daaWireT Custom Filter (individualuri filtri) - ze.
daaWireT pirveli velis isarze da amoarCieT
SedarebisaTvis saWiro operatori. mis marjvniv myof
velSi SeitaneT mniSvneloba, romelic gamoiyeneba
gamoyofil svetSi sxva mniSvnelobebTan
Sesadareblad.

gafarToebuli filtri

gafarToebuli filtris misaRebad unda

SevasruloT moqmedebaTa Semdegi mimdevroba:
1. gamoaTavisufleT pirobaTa diapazonisaTvis
ramdenime zeda striqoni;
2. pirobaTa diapazonis pirveli striqonis ujrebSi
SeitaneT monacemTa diapazonis im svetebis
saTaurebi, romlebzedac gafiltvris pirobebis
dadebas apirebT, xolo Semdeg striqonebSi
filtraciis Sesabamisi pirobebi;
3. gaaqtiureT monacemTa diapazonis romelime ujra
da daaWireT Data (monacemebi) CanarTis Sort & Filter
(daxarisxeba da filtri) ganyofilebaSi Advansed
filter (gafarToebuli filtri) Rilakze;

90
4. List Range (monacemTa diapazoni) velSi moTavsebuli
iqneba mimarTva monacemTa diapazonze, xolo Criteria
Range (kriteriumis diapazoni) velSi unda miuTiToT
pirobaTa diapazonis misamarTi;
5. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu monacemTa gafiltruli
diapazoni ar unda Seicavdes ganmeorebad
monacemebs, CarTeT Unique records only (mxolod
unikaluri Canawerebi) CamrTveli;
6. daaWireT Ok Rilakze

eqselSi brZanebebis Sesruleba klaviaturis Rilakebis

kombinaciiT

klaviaturis Sesasrulebeli brZanebis Sinaarsi

Rilakebis
kombinacia
[Ctrl]+[N] axali wignis gaxsna

[Ctrl]+[O] arsebuli wignis gaxsna

[Ctrl]+[S] wignis Senaxva

[Ctrl]+[P] mimdinare furclis aqtiuri aris

beWdva
[Ctrl]+[F4] gaxsnili wignis daxurva

[Ctrl]+[Page Up] wina furclis dasawyisSi gadasvla

[Ctrl]+[Page Down] momdevno furclis dasawyisSi

gadasvla
[Ctrl]+[ ] gadasvla aqtiuri ujridan svetis
dasawyisSi
[Ctrl]+[ gadasvla aqtiuri ujridan svetis
boloSi
gadasvla aqtiuri ujridan striqonis
boloSi
gadasvla aqtiuri ujridan striqonis
dasawyisSi
Home
Shift]+[F11] furclis Camateba

[CTRL]+[F1] lentis Cakecva-aRdgena

[CTRL]+[A] aqtiuri furclis moniSvna

[CTRL]+[X] moniSnuli fragmentis buferSi

gadatana
[CTRL]+[C] moniSnuli fragmentis aslis
buferSi gadatana
[CTRL]+[V] moniSnuli fragmentis buferid aqtiu
Casma an r
furcelze
[CTRL]+[shift]+[Home] aqtiuri ujris zemoT mdebare aris
moniSvna

91
 moniSvna svetis ujridan sveti
aqtiuri s
dasawyisamde
moniSvna svetis aqtiuri ujridan
svetis bolomde
moniSvna striqonis aqtiuri ujridan
striqonis
dasawyisamde
moniSvna striqonis aqtiuri ujridan
striqonis
bolomde
[CTRL]+[;] mimdinare TariRis Casma aqtiur
ujraSi
[CTRL]+ [Shift] +[;]] mimdinare drois Casma aqtiur
ujraSi

92
 ლექცია 11
diagramebi - 1

Tavidan gavecnoT diagramebTan samuSao instrumentebs:

sur. 55.
Insert(Camateba) CanarTis Charts(diagrama) ganyofilebis
Rilakebi gvaZlevs saSualebas avagoT sxvadasxva tipis
diagramebi. garda aq mocemuli variantebisa, SesaZlebelia
kidev sxva variantebis gaSla TiToeuli Rilakis CamoSliTa
da All Charts Types brZanebis SesrulebiT, an ganyofilebis
marjvena qveda boloSi arsebul isarze daWeriT.
Tu diagrama agebulia da
mas movniSnavT, maSin gaCndeba
kidev sami instrumentTa jgufi:
Design, Layout დ ა Format.
Design(კონსტრუქტორი) ჩანართ ში Type განყოფილ ების Rilakebi
gvaZlevs saSualebas gamovcvaloT agebuli diagramis
tipi, an SevinaxoT is SablonebSi.
Data(მონაცემები) განყოფილ ებაში
mocemuli Rilakebis meSveobiT
SesaZlebelia diagramis grafikebis
gadarTva svetebidan striqonebze
da piriqiT, aseve Excel 2007-is
furcelze diagramis asagebad
moniSnuli aris koreqtireba.
Chart Layouts იაგრამის
(დ მაკეტი) Rilakebis meSveobiT
SesaZlebelia agebuli diagramis sxvadasxva Sreze
ganvaTavsoT diagramis saTauri, RerZebis saxelwodebebi,
grafikebze arsebuli monacemebis Sesabamisi ricxviTi
sidideebi, grafikebis niSnakebi (Legend) da sxva.

sur. 57.
Chart Styles(დ
იაგრამის სტილი) gamyofilebis Rilakebis
meSveobiT SesaZlebelia diagramisaTvis sxvadasxva
gamzadebuli stilis SerCeva.

93
 Move Chart(დიაგრამის გადაადგილ
ება) Rilakis meSveobiT
SesaZlebelia agebuli diagramis gadatana Excel 2007-is ukve
asebul romelime sxva furcelze, aseve axal furcelze.

Layout (მაკეტი)meniu:
Labels RilakTa jgufis meSveobiT SesaZlebelia vimuSaoT
diagramis romelime konkretul komponentTan:
Chart Title _ saTauri;
Axis Titles _ RerZebis saxelwodebebi;
Legend _ grafikebis CamonaTvali;
Data Labels _ grafikebis wertilebis Sesabamisi
sidideebi;

Data Table _ diagramis Sesabamis cxrili.

Axis _ RilakTa jgufi:
Axis _ Rilakebis meSveobiT SesaZlebelia vimuSaoT
diagramis RerZebTan;
Gridlines _ diagramis bade.
Format _ meniugamoiyeneba diagramis sxvadasxva
elementis formatirebisaTvis.
diagramebis agebas ganvixilavT uSualod magaliTebze.
winaswar avagoT naxazze mocemuli cxrili.

sur. 58.

94
1. movniSnoT diapazonebi B2:C6, E2:E6, G2:G6. Insert menius Line
ganyofilebaSi Semavali diagramebidan avirCioT meore striqonSi
pirveli diagrama. gamosuli diagramisaTvis instrumentebSi
davawveT Data jgufis Switch Row/Column Rilaks (amis Sedegad
moxdeba diagramaSi grafikebis gadarTva striqonebze, rac
mogvcems grafikebs produqciebis mixedviT). Semdeg Chart Layouts
jgufidan avirCioT Layout 3 forma (es forma Seicavs saTaurs,
aseve grafikebis niSnakebi _ Legend ganTavsdeba qvemoT,
Tumca am poziciis koreqtireba SesaZlebelia SemdegSic).
saTaurSi avkrifoT Sesabamisi teqsti. TiToeul
komponents mivceT Sesabamisi Srifti da zoma. grafikebze
Sesabamisi ricxvebis gamosaCenad TiToeulze gamoviZaxoT
konteqsturi meniu da SevasruloT brZaneba Add Data Labels.
RerZis Sesabamisi xazis gamoCena SesaZlebelia am RerZze
arsebuli ricxvebis konteqsturi meniudan Sesabamisi
instrumentiT, an amave menius Format Axis brZanebis Sedegad
gamosuli dialoguri fanjris Line Color ganyofilebidan.

2. movniSnoT diapazonebi C2:C6, E2:E6. Chart Layouts jgufidan

avirCioT Layout 4 (es svetebze dasvams Sesabamis ricxvebs).
X RerZze arsebuli monacemebis wasaSlelad ubralod
movniSnoT is da klaviaturaze davawveT Delete klaviSs.
grafikebis niSnakebis diagramis zeda nawilSi
ganTavsebisaTvis masze gamoviZaxoT konteqsturi meniu
da SevasruloT brZaneba Format Legend. gamosuli
fanjris Legend Options ganyofilebaSi avirCioT Top. Chart
Styles Rilakebis jgufidan avirCioT Style 34. gamoviZaxoT
konteqsturi meniu Y RerZze da SevasruloT brZaneba
Format Axis. gamosuli fanjris Axis Options ganyofilebaSi
Major tick mark type-is gaswvriv avirCioT Outside. svetebze
da X RerZze Savi konturebis gakeTeba SesaZlebelia
moniSvniTa da Format instrumentTa jgufis Rilakebidan
Shape Outline Rilakis gamoyenebiT.
95
 ლექცია 12
diagramebi - 2

eqsels diagramebis saxiT gaaCnia

mZlavri saSualebebi monacemTa vizualuri
warmodgenisa da analizisaTvis. diagramebis
saSualebiT aisaxeba sxvadasxva sidideebis
Tanafardoba, dinamiuri cvlileba.
rogor avagoT diagrama?
moniSnuli monacemebisTvis diagramis ageba
SegviZlia klaviaturis RilakTa kombinaciiT: [Alt]+[F11].
diagramis asagebad saWiroa moiniSnos monacemebi,
romelTaTvisac unda aigos diagrama da Insert
CanarTidan Chart brZanebaTa jgufidan moxdes
diagramis tipis arCeva (ix. sur. 59). rogorc
sur. 1-danac Cans, TiToeuli saxis diagramas
gaaCnia CamosaSleli siis Rilaki, romliTac
gamodis Sesabamisi diagramis `galerea”.

sur. 59. diagramebis Casma

monacemTa grafikul warmodgenas zogjer

mTeli monacemebisTvis an cxrilisTvis vakeTebT,
zogjer ki - amorCeuli svetebisTvis/ striqonebisTvis.
arasaWiro monacemebis damalviT (Home/Format/Hide ) an
pirveli striqonis/svetis moniSvnis Semdeg CTRL
Rilakis gamoyenebiT danarCenebis mosaniSnad;
diagramis Casma xdeba moniSnuli monacemebis
gverdiT, Tumca SesaZloa misi Casma axal samuSao
furcelzedac.
unda avRniSnoT, rom monacemTa cvlilebisas misi
Sesabamisi diagramac icvleba, anu diagrama
mudmiv kavSirSia monacemebTan. maTi waSlis
SemTxvevaSi diagramac waiSleba.

diagramebis saxeobebi

ra tipis diagramebi arsebobs?

96
 nebismieri saxeobis diagramis siis
Rilakze moqmedebiT gamosuli `galereis” boloSi
aris brZaneba `All Chart Types...”, romelze
moqmedebiTac gamodis fanjara (ix. sur. 2), sadac
yvela SesaZlo saxeobis grafiki erTadaa
moTavsebuli.
diagramebi - Stock, Surface, Doughnut, Bubble da Radar
gaerTinebulni arian lentaze Other Charts jgufSi.
TiToeul diagramas Tavisi daniSnuleba da
qvesaxeobebi gaaCnia:
Column - svetovani diagramebi
(histogramebi) umetes SemTxvevaSi gamoiyeneba
monacemTa Sesadareblad an monacemTa
cvlilebis sademonstraciod. horizontalur RerZze
xdeba ganlageba kategoriebis, ris mixedviTac xdeba
monacemTa Sedareba erTmaneTTan, sur. 3-ze
kategoriebis magaliTia: filiali1, filiali2 da
a.S. vertikalur RerZze ki warmodgenilia
mwkrivebi, anu sidideTa mniSvnelobebi. svetovani

97
diagrama SeiZleba iyos organzomilebiani, anu
sibrtyiTi (2-D Column), samganzomilebiani, anu
moculobiTi (3-D Column), cilindruli (Cylinder), konusuri
(Cone) da piramiduli (Pyramid). samganzomilebiani
histogramis SemTxvevaSi monacemTa grafikuli
warmodgenisTvis gamoiyeneba sami RerZi:
horizontaluri, vertikaluri da “siRrmis” RerZi; am tipis
histogramaSi kategoriis SigniT kargad Cans
mniSvnelebis Sedareba. or da samganzomilebian
histogramebs uwodeben - histogramebs SegrovebiT.
im SemTxvevaSi, roca calkeuli mniSvnelebi
gamosaxulia procentebSi, kargad Cans TiToeuli
maTganis procentuli wvlili kategoriis SigniT
mTlian SedegTan mimarTebiT, histogramis es saxeoba
cnobilia rogorc normirebuli histograma SegrovebiT.
Line - warmoadgens grafiks, sadac
monacemTa mwkrivebis calkeuli wertilebia
erTmaneTTan SeerTebuli.
Pie - warmoadgens wriul diagramas, igi gamoiyeneba
erT mwkrivSi (svetis an striqonis mixedviT)
ganTavsebuli monacemebis SedarebisTvis. am
diagramaSi kargad Cans TiToeuli kategoriis
xvedriTi wili mTlian mniSvnelobaSi. wriuli
diagramebis gamoyenebas azri aqvs maSin, roca
mwkrivSi arc erTi uaryofiTi ricxvi araa da nulovani
sidideebic iSviaTad gvxvdeba.
Bar - xazovani diagrama warmoadgens
horizontalur-striqon diagramas.
Area tipis diagramis dros xdeba grafiksa
da X RerZs Soris velis Seferadeba.
Scatter - wertilovani diagrama gamoiyeneba
ori mwkrivis monacemTa grafikuli asaxvisaTvis.
Stock - sabirJo diagrama, gamoiyeneba aqciaTa
fasebis sademonstraciod.
Douhnut – rgoluri diagrama gamoiyeneba
ramdenime mwkrivis monacemTa erTdroulad
asaxvisaTvis, sadac yovel mwkrivs Seesabameba
Tavisi rgoluri nawili.
Bubble – buStulovani diagrama, warmoadgens
wertilovani diagramis saxesxvaobas.
Radar – radari, romlis yoveli ricxviTi
mniSvneloba ganisazRvreba misi daSorebiT centridan.

ra ZiriTadi parametrebi gvWirdeba diagramebis

agebisa da redaqtirebis dros?

diagramebis agebisa da redaqtirebisaTvis

saWiroa vicodeT iseTi parametrebi, rogorica:
98
  Chart Title – diagramis saTauri
 Chart Area – diagramis are
 Plot Area - naxazis are
 Category – kategoriebi (aisaxeba abscisaTa
RerZze)
 Value – ricxviTi mniSvnelobebi (ordinatTa
RerZze)
 Series - mwkrivebi
 Axis – RerZi
 Legend – legenda, grafikze ganmartebiTi
warwerebi
 Data Source - monacemTa wyaro
 Select Data - monacemTa SerCeva

diagramebis redaqtireba da formatireba

diagramis Seqmnis Semdeg SesaZlebelia

misi Sesworeba, elementebis damateba, waSla
an sxva adgilze ganTavseba, teqstis
mxatvrulad gaformeba, grafikisTvis fonis dadeba,
grafikis tipis, dizainis Secvla da a. S.
diagramis gverdiT xSirad aris
ganTavsebuli warwerebi, magaliTad rigebis
daSifvra, romeli feri romel rigs
aRniSnavs. am warwerebze TagviT moqmedebiT Cndeba
marTkuTxa bloki, sadac es warwerebia ganTavsebuli,
marTkuTxa blokis saSualebiT advilia misi
gadatana da sxva adgilze ganTavseba, aseve Sriftis
stilis, feris arCeva da a. S. SegviZlia waSlac misi
moniSvniT da DELETE Rilakze moqmedebiT.

rac ufro met monacemTa mwkrivs (rigs)

Seicavs cxrili, miT ufro mosaxerxebelia
histograma monacemTa vizualizaciisaTvis, magram
erTi sveti SesaZloa asaxavdes ramodenime
mwkrivs, amitom xdeba saWiro rigebis
daSifvra. rigebis daSifvris es oTxkuTxa
bloki warmoadgens legendas.
monacemTa mniSvnelobebis ganlagebis dros
diagramaze Cndeba patara oTxkuTxedebi, romlebsac
legendis gasaRebs (Legend kay) uwodeben.
sur. 61-ze naCvenebia histograma mis marcxniv
moTavsebuli monacemebis mixedviT.

99
 grafikis areSi Tu vimoqmedebT, lentis zemoT
gamoCndeba sami damatebiTi CanarTi: Design-
konstruqtoris reJimi, Layout - maketi, da Format
– formatireba. am CanarTebis brZanebTa jgufebi
warmodgenila sur. 62-ze. swored es sami
CanarTi uzrunvelyofs diagramebis redaqtirebas
da formatirebas. TiToeuli maTgani moicavs
uamrav brZanebebs diagramebTan samuSaod.

ra saSualebebi gaaCnia Design konstruqtoris reJims?

kerZod, Design- is pirveli piqtogramiT – Change

Chart Type SesaZlebelia diagramis tipis Secvla,
piqtogramiT – Save As Template SesaZlebelia
Sablonad Senaxva, piqtogramiT – Switch Row/Column xdeba
monacemTa rigebis asaxva svetebisa da striqonebis
mixedviT, Select Data saSualebas gvaZlevs
ganvsazRvroT monacemTa wyaro - diapazoni grafikis X da
RerZebisTvis (ix. sur. 62), Tu vimoqmedebT
fanjris marjvena mxares, Edit Rilakze, gamodis
dialoguri fanjara, sadac unda mivuTiToT is diapazoni,
romlis monacemebmac gvsurs rom Caanacvlon
arsebuli warwerebi, ganxiluli magaliTis
SemTxvevaSi - “filiali1, filiali2......
Design/Chart Layout CanarTiT SesaZlebelia diagramis
maketis - diagramis elementebis ganlagebis SerCeva;

100
magaliTad wriul diagramaze procentebis da
mwkrivis mniSvnelobaTa datana SegviZlia
movaxdinoT am brZanebaTa jgufidan (ix. sur. 62).

sur. 63. wriul diagramaze procentebis da mwkrivis

mniSvnelobaTa warwerebi

Chart Styles CanarTiT SegviZlia avirCioT diagramis

stili.

ra saSualebebi gaaCnia Layout (maketi) CanarTs?

Layout CanarTi saSualebas gvaZlevs movaxdinoT

diagramaze warwerebis formatireba, diagramaze

101
suraTis (Picture), geometriuli figuris (Shape),
Casma;
Layout/Chart Title saSualebas gvaZlevs
diagrama davasaTauroT an avirCioT saTauris
ganlagebis adgili;
Layout/Axis Title saSualebas gvaZlevs
diagramis abscisis RerZi davasaTauroT,
avirCioT saTauris ganlagebis adgili;
Layout/Legends saSualebas gvaZlevs monacemTa
warwerebi gavakeToT diagramis sxvadasxva mxares.
Layout/Data Labels axdens monacemTa mniSvnelobebis
ganTavsebas arCeul areSi;
Layout/Data Tables axdens cxrilis saxiT im
monacemTa mniSvnelobebis gamotanas, romlis
safuZvelzedac agebulia diagrama;
Layout/Axis saSualebas gvaZlevs warmovaCinoT
horizontaluri da vertikaluri RerZebi sxvadasxva
saxiT, mag, warwerebis gareSe (Without Labels da a. S.),
Layout/Gridlines – vertikaluri da horizontaluri
badeebis CarTva-amorTva;
Layout/Background – foni diagramis areSi;
Layout/Analysis saSualebas gvaZlevs movaxdinoT
analizi grafikebis saSualebiT, avagoT trendi,
vipovoT regresiuli gantoleba da a. S.

ra saSualebebi gaaCnia Format (formatireba) CanarTs?

Semdegi CanarTi Format–iT SegviZlia Cvens

diagramas gavukeToT sasurveli CarCo Format/Shape
styles, foni - Shape Fill, fonis arCevis dros
SegviZlia diagramis obieqtis ara marto feriT
Seferva, aramed suraTis Casmac fonad Format/Shape
Fill/Picture, SegviZlia agreTve efeqtebis micemac-
Shape Effects, da aseve warwerebis mxatvrulad
gaformebac WordArt Styles.

diagramis axal furcelze gadatana

rogor gadavitanoT diagrama axal furcelze?

axal samuSao furcelze diagramis gadatana

SesaZlebelia Location brZanebaTa jgufSi Move Chart
piqtogramaze moqmedebiT da CamrTvelis – New

102
Sheet (ix. sur. 64) gaaqtiurebiT, da OK. diagramis furcels
avtomaturad erqmeva saxeli: Chart1, igi SegviZlia
SevcvaloT, sxva saxelis gadawerebiT an SemdgomSi
Rename brZanebiT.

sur. 64 diagramis gadatana axal furcelze

diagramis gadatana romelime samuSao furcelze

rogor gadavitanoT diagrama romelime samuSao

furcelze?
diagrama SegviZlia romelime samuSao
furcelzec gadavitanoT, amisaTvis unda
gavaaqtiuroT Object in veli da CavweroT im
furclis saxeli, romelzedac gvsurs diagramis gadatana.

sur. 65. wriuli diagramis ageba

103
vimoqmedoT diagramis areSi da Design /Chart layouts

wriul diagramaze warwerebis gakeTeba

SesaZlebelia agreTve Semdegnairadac: Layout/ Data
Labels an design/ diagramas zed daewereba ricxviTi
mniSvnelobebi, masze kategoriebisa (am SemTxvevaSi
saqonlis dasaxelebebi) da procentebis dasawerad
vmoqmedebT konteqsturi meniu /Format Data Labels da gamosul
fanjaraSi gavaaqtiurebT CamrTvelebs: category, Percentige.
Semdeg ki vimoqmedebT am fanjris bolos moTavsebul
brZanebaze: Close (ix. sur. 66)

sur. 66. wriul diagramaze monacemebis damateba

sur. 67. diagramaze kategoriebisa da procentebis warwerebi

104
rogorc sur. 66-danac Cans, am fanjridan
SegviZlia agreTve diagramis formatirebac (sur. 66-is
marcxena paneli)
magaliTi: saqarTvelos statistikis erovnuli
sammarTvelos saitidan (www.geostat.ge) gadmovweroT
biznes-seqtorSi 2005 wlidan 2011 wlis CaTvliT yvela
(msxili, saSualo, mcire) sawarmoTa mier
mTlianad gamoSvebuli produqciis raodenobebis
realuri monacemebi (sur. 68) da avagoT
histograma.
movniSnoT diapazoni A2:B9, vimoqmedoT brZanebaze Insert/Chart
da avirCioT romelime (Cveni magaliTisTvis
pirvelive) 2D Column saxeobebidan. miviRebT diagramas
sur. 68-ze mocemuli saxiT:

sur. 69 grafikze wlebis aRmniSvneli svetebis mocileba

da abscisaTa RerZze wlebis Casma

105
 sur. 69-ze diagramidan movaciloT wlebis
aRmniSvneli svetebi, xolo abscisaTa RerZze
ricxvebis 1,2,3 ... nacvlad CavweroT wlebi.
amisaTvis vimoqmedoT diagramis areSi. gamoCndeba
damatebiTi CanarTi Chart Tools, vimoqmedoT mis
qveCanarTidan Design/ Select Data-ze. ixsneba fanjara SElect data
Source, sadac Legend Entries (Series) ganyofilebaSi movniSnoT
wlebi da vimoqmedoT Remov-ze. abscisaTa RerZze wlebis
Casasmelad fanjris marjvena mxares vimoqmedoT
brZanebaze Edit, gamodis dialoguru fanjara Axis Label,
sadac velSi Label Range davayenebT kursors da movniSnavT
diapazons wlebis areSi, anu A3:A9. Gamodis fanjara (sur. 70.
marjvena paneli), sadac Cans, rom 1, 2, 3... ricxvebis
nacvlad Cawerilia ukve wlebi 2005, 2006 da a. S.

sur. 70. warwerebis Secvla abscisaTa RerZze

vmoqmedebT Ok-ze da
viRebT grafiks,
wavSliT legendas
(diagramis marjvniv
warweras oTkuTxa
blokSi), vimoqmedebT
diagramis saTaurze,
avirCevT saWiro Sifrs,
stils, zomas, CavwerT
sasurvel saTaurs.
sabolood miviRebT
grafiks sur. 71-ze
naCvenebi saxiT.

sur. 71. warwerebis Secvla abscisaTa RerZze

106
 trendis ageba

trendis saSualebiT SesaZlebelia arsebuli

monacemebis safuZvelze mdgomareobis Sefaseba da
prognozis gakeTeba. TvalsaCinoebisaTvis mocemuli
cxrilis safuZvelze (sur. 72) avagoT
trendi. amisaTvis movniSnoT “welis” da “depozitebis”
svetebi anu A2:B6 diapazoni da menius striqonidan Insert-Si
grafikebidan avirCioT Scatter – dan romelime, Cvens
SemTxvevaSi arCeulia meore (sur. 72). ris Semdegac
miviRebT arsebuli mdgomareobis amsaxvel suraTs (sur.
72 qveda suraTi), am grafikze abscisebis RerZze
mocemulia wlebi.

sur. 72. magaliTi trendisTvis

depozitebis dinamika (monacemebi realuria)

saprognozo mdgomareobis misaRebad vimoqmedebT

107
TagviT diagramis areSi, rom moiniSnos diagramis are,
Semdeg ki menius striqonidan Layout- Si
vmoqmedebT Analysis brZanebaTa jgufSi moTavsebul
Trendline-is marjvnis siis Rilakze (ix. sur. 15). Tu
gvsurs miviRoT saprognozo maCveneblebi Semdgomi ori
periodisaTvis, CamoTvlili punqtebidan avirCevT Linear
Forecast Trendline-s (ix. sur. 73), xolo Tu ufro meti
periodisTvis gvinda, magaliTad sami wlisTvis, maSin
vmoqmedebT sul boloSi moTavsebul punqtze More
Trendline Options (ix. sur. 73) da gamosul fanjaraSi (ix.
sur. 74) pirvel nawilSi avirCevT trendis tips,
magaliTad Linear, xolo mesame nawilSi Forecast-
(prognozi) . Forward - dialogur velSi mivuTiTebT
ramdeni periodisTvisac gvinda saprognozo
maCveneblebis miReba. am SemTxvevaSi 3-s, radgan
Semdgomi sami wlisaTvis gvinda maCveneblebis miReba,
aseve Tu gvsurs gantolebis Cveneba, ris safuZvelzedac
aris miRebuli, gavaqtiurebT bolo nawilSi CamrTvels:
Display Equation on chart

(aCvene gantoleba diagramaze) da fanjaras

davxuravT Close- iT, ris Semdegac vRebulobT ukve
saprognozo suraTs (ix. sur. 75).

108
 sur. 75. depozitebis saprognozo mdgomareoba
2012, 2013, 2014 wlisTvis.

Tu Linear-is nacvlad movniSnavT pirvel punqts -

Exponential-s, maSin wrfivis magivrad miviRebT
mrudwirul grafiks.

109
 mza grafikuli sqemebis gamoyeneba

Excel-Si aris SesaZlebloba mza diagramebis

gamoyenebis. maTi gamoZaxeba SesaZlebelia Semdegi
brZanebaTa TanmimdevrobiT:
Insert/Illustration/SmartArt ixsneba fanjara, romlis marcxena
panelSic Choose a SmartArt Grafic CamonaTvalia sxvadasxva
tipis gamzadebuli grafikuli sqemebis, romlebic
grafikul obieqtebs aerTianeben da SesaZlebelia
am obieqtTa formis Secvla, zed warwerebis
gadatana, formatireba, redaqtireba, waSla, damateba.
sur. 76-ze naCvenebia gamzadebuli diagramebis
tipebi, Tumca

sur. 76. grafikuli sqemebi mza saxiT

sur. 77. wriuli grafikuli sqemis saxeebi

110
 TiToeul maTgans Tavisi Sesabamisi qvesaxeobebi gaaCnia. mag.
sur 77-ze gaxsnilia wriuli diagramis saxeobebi, sur. 78-ze
ki naCvenebia TiToeuli ierarqiuli sqema .

sur. 78. ierarqiuli sqemebi

rogor movaxdinoT SmartArt sqemebis formatireba da

redaqtireba?
CavsvaT organizaciuli sqema.
TiToeul obieqtze TagviT moqmedebis
dros xdeba am obieqtis moniSvna, da
Cndeba damatebiTi CanarTi
SmartArt Tools Tavisi qveCanarTebiT Design
da Format.
sur. 79 organizaciuli sqema

maketis SerCeva; feris SerCeva; stilis SerCeva

sur. 80 organizaciuli sqemis dizaini

rogorc vxedavT, mza grafikuli sqemebis

111
saSualebiT gveZleva Zalian bevri SesaZleblobebi
swrafad da efeqturad avagoT CvenTvis sasurveli
sqema mza sqemis safuZvelze.

sur. 81

112
 ლექცია 13

MS Powerpoint

prezentacia (anu warmodgena, demonstrireba) farTod gamoiyeneba

iseT sajaro gamosvlebSi, rogoricaa leqcia, moxseneba, seminarebi,
konferencia. kargad gaformebuli prezentacia aadvilebs moxsenebis
Sinaarsis aRqmas da ufro sainteresos xdis mas. prezentaciis dros farTod
gamoiyeneboda sxvadasxva plakatebi (qaRaldis), slaidebi, diapozitivebi,
teqnikuri saSualebebi. albaT ar arsebobs dargi, iqneba es biznesi,
ganaTleba, kultura, medicina, turizmi da sxva. sadac farTod ar
gamoiyenebodes proeqtebis, momsaxureobis Tu produqtebis prezentacia.

amJamad prezentaciis procesSi farTod gamoiyeneba kompiuteruli

saSualebebi. Pprogramebs, romelTa saSualebiTac xdeba prezentaciis Seqmna
da demonstrireba kompiuteris ekranze, an did ekranze (daproeqtebis
saSualebiT), ewodebaT eleqtronuli prezentacia.
eleqtronuli prezentacia, saxeliT MS Power Point, warmoadgens MS
Office-saofise programebis paketSi Semaval programas, romelic dResdReobiT
yvelaze ufro popularulia.

programis gaSveba da fanjris elementebis daniSnuleba.

laboratoriuli samuSaos daniSnuleba.

laboratoriuli samuSaos daniSnulebaa SeviswavloT:
• programis gaSveba;
• ZiriTadi fanjris elementebis daniSnuleba;
• fanjris areebis danisnuleba;
• struqturis aris gamoCena / damalva;
• amocanaTa aris gamoCena / gaqroba;
• satitulo slaidis Seqmna;
• axali slaidebis damateba;
• slaidebis struqturis mza Sablonebis gamoyeneba;
• obieqtebis Casma slaidebSi;
• samomxmareblo slaidis struqturis Seqmna;
• moqmedebebi slaidebze;
• obieqtTa areebis zomebis Secvla da gadaadgileba;
• prezentaciis Senaxva;

meToduri miTiTebebi laboratoriuli samuSaos

Sesasruleblad.
MS Power Point-i gvaZlevs saSualebas:

113
 • SevqmnaT prezentacia da SevinaxoT;
• gavxsnaT ukve Seqmnili prezentacia da gavukeToT mas redaqtireba;
• movaxdinoT Seqmnili prezentaciis winaswari daTvaliereba;
• gavuSvaT prezentacia displeis, an did ekranze;
prezentacia warmoadgens slaidebis erTobliobas, amitom prezentaciis
SeqmnaSi igulisxmeba: slaidebis raodenobisa da Tanamimdevrobis gansazRvra;
maTi struqturis gansazRvra; teqstebis, naxatebis, naxazebis, cxrilebis,
diagramebis ganTavseba maTze; slaidebis dizainis gansazRvra; animaciuri da
xmovani efeqtebis gamoyeneba slaidebze.

programis muSaoba iwyeba:

an Start/Programs/Ms Office/Ms Power Point.
an mis piqtogramaze dawkapunebiT.
orive OsemTxvevaSi gamova misi ZiriTadi fanjara (nax1.1), saTauriT
Presentation 1.

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 saTauris striqoni, menius striqoni, instrumentuli panelebi da
status zoli analogiuria sxva saofise programebis fanjrebisa. amas garda
fanjara dayofilia oTx ared (nawilad), romlebsac sxvadasxva daniSnuleba
aqvT: slaidebis are (Slide pane), struqturis are (Outline Pane), amocanaTa are
(Task pane), SeniSvnebis are (Notes pane).

slaidebis areSi SesaZlebelia sxvadasxva slaidebze muSaoba,

dawyebuli pirvelidan. programis gaSvebisas, am areSi avtomaturad gamodis
pirveli slaidis struqtura. aq aseve SesaZlebelia danarCeni slaidebis
gamotana da maTze muSaoba, rac gulisxmobs teqstebis, naxazebis, naxatebis,
diagramebis, cxrilebis gansazRvras, slaidis gaformebas animaciuri da
xmovani efeqtebiT.

struqturis areSi gvaqvs ori reJimi: (CanarTi) struqturis reJimi

(Outline) da slaidis reJimi (Slide), romlebic SeirCeva struqturis aris

Sesabamisi RilakebiT. Tavdapirvelad avtomaturad dadgeba Slide reJimi.

reJimis dayeneba moxdeba mis Rilakze dawkapunebiT. slaidis reJimSi (Slide),
struqturis areSi gamotanilia Seqmnili slaidebis mikro aslebi. igi iZleva
saSualebas: gavaaqtiuroT nebismieri slaidi (slaidis areSi) masze
dawkapunebiT; gadavaadgiloT slaidi mausis CavlebiT; davawkapunoT masze da
wavSaloT igi klaviaturis Delete RilakiT.

struqturis reJimSi (Outline), Seqmnili slaidebi struqturis areSi

warmodgenilia mxolod teqstebiT, ise rom SesaZlebelia maTi redaqtireba.
struqturis aris damalva SesaZlebelia reJimebis marjvniv ± RilakiT. xolo
Tu igi damalulia, misi gamoCena xorcieldeba ViewtNormal (Restore Panes).

amocanaTa are Seicavs menius xSirad gamosayenebel brZanebebs. Tu es

are ar Cans da damalulia mas gamovaCenT, Viewt; Task Pane CamrTveliT. muSaobis
dawyebisas aq avtomaturad gamoitaneba brZanebaTa jgufi, dasaxelebis velSi
saxeliT Get setting an New Presentation. romelic gvaZlevs saSualebas vnaxoT ukve
Seqmnili prezentaciebi, an SevqmnaT axali. brZanebaTa jgufis SerCeva moxdeba
saxelis marjvniv ` Rilakis dawkapunebiT da CamonaTvalSi Sesabamisi
brZanebis saxelis gaaqtiurebiT.
SeniSvnebis areSi SeniSvnebi SeiZleba gavukeToT TiToeul slaids,
romelic ganxorcieldeba masTan dakavSirebul informaciis SeyvaniT
klaviaturidan. igi SeiZleba Semdeg gamoyenebul iyos prezentaciis Cvenebisas.
struqturis aris qveviT aris prezentaciis reJimebis Rilakebi:
Normal ( normaluri), Slide sorter (slaidebis daxarisxeba), Slide show
(slaidis Cveneba). avtomaturad Tavidan dgeba Normal reJimi. reJimis SerCeva
xdeba mis Rilakze dawkapunebiT.
rogorc aRvniSneT, programis gaSvebisas slaidebis areSi
avtomaturad gamoCndeba pirveli slaidis struqtura, xolo struqturis

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areSi – misi mikro asli. rogorc wesi prezentacia iqyeba satitulo slaidiT.
amitom pirvel slaids aqvs satitulo slaidis struqtura (nax.1.2). igi
Sedgeba ori ganyofilebisagan- Title (saTauri) da Subtitle (qvesaTauri),
romlebic wyvetili xazebiT SemosazRvrul marTkuTxedebs warmoadgenen.
radgan saTauri da qvesaTauri teqstebia, amitom am ganyofilebebs teqsturi
obieqtebi ewodebaT. maTSi teqstis Casawerad unda davawkapunoT maTze. isini
gadavlen aqtiur reJimSi da mogvcemen saSualebas teqstis Cawerisa.
teqstebisaTvis SeiZleba SevarCioT fontebi, stili, zomebi, da sxva
parametrebi (Format Font).

mag nax. 1.3-ze warmodgenilia satitulo slaidis struqtura, romlis

saTauria ,,informaciuli teqnologiebi’’, xolo qvesaTauri-,,eleqtronuli
prezentacia MS Power Point’’.

nax 1.2

informaciuli teqnologiebi

eleqtronuli prezentacia
MS Power Point

nax. 1.3

slaidebis damateba. yoveli axali slaidis dasamateblad virCevT

InserttSlide, an instrumentul panelze New Slide Rilaks, ris Sedegadac
slaidebis areSi gamova axali slaidis struqtura. yovel damatebul slaids
aqvs erTi da igive struqtura. (nax 1.4) da igi Sedgeba title (saTauri) da text
(teqsti) ganyofilebebisagan da romlebic aseve teqsturi obieqtebia.

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 title

text

nax 1. 4

maTSi teqstis Setana analogiuria satitulo slaidebSi teqstis Setanisa.

mag. nax. 1.5-ze warmodgenilia aseTi slaidis Sevsebuli struqtura.

laboratoriuli samuSao # 1
MS Power Point gaSveba
§ 1. daniSnuleba.
§ 2. meToduri miTiTebebi.
§ 3. sakontrolo kiTxvebi.
§ 4. davaleba.

nax. 1. 5

slaidebis struqturebis mza Sablonebis gamoyeneba. Tu slaidze saWiroa

sxva obieqtebis (cxrilebi, diagramebi, naxazebi, naxatebi, suraTebi) gamotana,
cxadia zemoT ganxiluli slaidebis ori tipi (nax.1.2 nax. 1.4) ar gamogvadgeba,
amitom SeiZleba gamoviyenoT slaidebis struqturebis mza Sablonebi.
amisaTvis amocanaTa areSi virCevT punqts Slide Layout, an meniuSi Format Slide
Layout. ris Sedegadac amocanaTa areSi gamova 12 Sabloni. TiToeuli Sabloni
warmoadgens slaidis sxvadasxva tipis obieqtTa sxvadasxva kombinaciebs.
Sablonebi gaerTianebulia jgufebad. gvaqvs teqssturi (Text), grafikuli
(Content), da teqstur-grafikuli (Text and content) jgufebi. teqstur jgufebSi
gvaqvs iseTi Sablonebi rogoricaa: saTauri da QqvesaTauri; saTauri da
teqsti; saTauri da organyofilebiani teqsti da sxva. grafikul jgufebSi
gvaqvs: carieli Sabloni, Sabloni saTauriT da ori grafikuli
ganyofilebiT; saTauriT da erTi ganyofilebiT da sxva. xolo teqstur-
grafikul jgufebSi moTavsebulia Sablonebi saTaurebis, teqstebis da
grafikuli ganyofilebebis sxvadasxva variantebiT.

saWiro Sablonis arCeva xorcieldeba masze dawkapunebiT, ris Sedegadac

SerCeuli Sabloni aRmoCndeba slaidebis areSi. slaidis SemosazRvruli
areebis da obieqtebis gaaqtiureba xorcieldeba maTze dawkapunebiT (Sesabamis
grafikul gamosaxulebaze), ris Sedegadac mogvecema SesaZlebloba
gamovitanoT slaidSi Sesabamisi obieqtebi. obieqtebi, romelTa gamotanacaa
7

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SesaZlebeli slaidSi eqvsi tipisaa: cxrilebi (Table), diagramebi (Chart),
naxatebi (Picture), suraTebi (Clip Art), audio (Audio), da video (Video) fragmentebi.
isini SablonebSi Sesabamisi piqtogramebiTaa warmodgenili. piqtogramaze
dawkapunebiT gamodis Sesabamisi fanjara, romelic obieqtis gansazRvris
saSualebas mogvcems.

slaidSi obieqtis Casma SesaZlebelia agreTve menius striqonSi Insert

brZanebis gamoyenebiT. ris Sedegadac gamodis meniu obieqtebis dasaxelebebiT.
obieqtis SerCeva moxdeba masze dawkapunebiT. saerTod am obieqtebTan muSaoba
analogiuria MS Word-Tan muSaobisa, amitom SegviZlia miRebuli codna
gamoviyenoT.

Tu slaidisaTvis arc erTi Sabloni ar gvakmayofilebs, vawkapunebT maT

CamonaTvalSi cariel (Blank) Sablonze da gamosul slaidSi Cven TviTon
ganvsazRvravT mis struqturas. anu nebismier adgilas CavsvavT saTaurs,
qvesaTaurs, teqstebs da grafikul obieqtebs.

moqmedebebi slaidebze. slaidebze sxvadasxva moqmedebebisaTvis SeiZleba

gamoviyenoT struqturis aris slaidebis reJimi (Slide) (nax 1.1), romelSic
warmodgenilia Seqmnili slaidebis danomrili, miniaturuli slaidebi.
slaidis gadasaadgileblad SegviZlia mas CavavloT mausi da gadavitanoT
nebismier adgilas. Tu am dros gamoviyenebT Ctrl Rilaks, moxdeba kopireba, Tu
axali slaidi gvinda CavamatoT slaidebs Soris, jer movniSnavT
dawkapunebiT, slaids, romlis merec gvinda axali slaidis Camateba da Enter.
ramodenime slaidis moniSvnas, mausTan erTad vaxorcielebT Ctrl RilakiT.
xolo slaidis (slaidebis) wasaSlelad, jer movniSnavT mas (maT) da Delete.

slaidebis struqturis Sablonze obieqtTa Casmis areebs aqvT TavianTi

zomebi da ganlageba. SesaZlebelia maTi Secvla. magaliTad obieqtis
gadasaadgileblad saWiroa CavavloT mausi mis CarCos da rodesac kursori
Seicvlis formas, Tan waviRoT. xolo aris zomebis Sesacvlelad, mausi
davawkapunoT mis areSi, ris Sedegadac CarCos gverdebze da kuTxeebSi
gamoCndeba patara wreebi. SegviZlia CavavloT mausi nebismier maTgans da Tan
waviRoT sasurvel zomamde.

prezentaciis Senaxva. mTlianad an nawilobriv Seqmnili prezentacia

SeiZleba SevinaxoT. amisaTvis viyenebT File Save (anN File Save As). gamosuli
fanjris Save in velSi vuTiTebT folderis saxels, romelSic SevinaxavT
prezentacias, File name velSi Seqmnili prezentaciis failis saxels, romelic
SemdgomSi aisaxeba prezentaciis gaxsnili fanjris saTauris zolSi, File type
velSi vuTiTebT prezentaciis tipis failis gafarToebas, anu · ppt – s.

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 ლექცია 14
prezentaciis failis gaxsna
slaidis dizainis gansazRvra

laboratoriuli samuSaos daniSnuleba

laboratoriuli samuSaos daniSnulebaa SeviswavloT:
• Senaxuli prezentaciis failis gaxsna;
• slaidebis dizainis gansazRvra, rac gulisxmobs slaidebis dizainis
Sablonebis, ferTa sqemebis da animaciuri efeqtebis gamoyenebas;
• slaidebis obieqtebis ferTa redaqtireba;
• animaciuri sqemebis demonstrireba;
• teqstebis redaqtireba;
• slaidebis daxarisxeba.

meToduri miTiTebebi laboratoriuli samuSaos Sesasruleblad.

Senaxuli prezentaciis failis gasaxsnelad da ekranze gamosatanad

vaxorcielebT, an ZiriTadi meniudan File → Open, an instrumentuli panelidan
Open Rilakze dawkapunebiT. Ggamosul fanjaraSi vuTiTebT folderis saxels
da failis saxels, ris Sedegadac ekranze gamova failSi Senaxuli
prezentacia. igive SeiZleba ganvaxorcieloT amocanaTa areSi New Prezentation
brZanebis Open Prezentation ganyofilebaSi moTavsebuli Rilakebis saSualebiT.

gaxsnili fanjara gvaZlevs saSualebs gavagrZeloT muSaoba Seqmnil

slaidebze da gavukeToT maT redaqtireba.
garda slaidebis struqturis gansazRvrisa, maTze teqsturi da
grafikuli obieqtebis gamotanisa, Power Point-i gvaZlevs saSualebas
SevimuSaoT slaidebis dizaini, romelic ukeTesad warmoaCens prezentaciis
Tematikas da daniSnulebas. slaidis dizaini niSnavs: dizainis Sablonebis
gansazRvras, ferTa sqemebis da animaciuri efeqtebis gamoyenebas slaidebze.
amisaTvis amocanaTa areSi unda gavaaqtiuroT Slide Designe brZaneba, an
instrumentis panelze davawkapunoT mis Sesabamis Designe Rilakze. amocanaTa
areSi gamosul punqtebs aqvT Semdegi daniSnuleba:
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 Designe Templetes _ dizainis Sablonebi
Color Schemes _ ferTa sqemebi
Animation Schemes _ animaciuri sqemebi

dizainis Sablonebi (Designe Templetes). am punqtis gaaqtiurebiT amocanaTa

areSi gamoCndeba dizainis mza Sablonebi, sxvadasxva fonebiTa da ferebiT.
TiToeul Sablons aqvs Tavisi saxeli. dizainis Sablonis gaaqtiureba xdeba
masze dawkapunebiT, ris Sedegadac yvela Seqmnili slaidi iqneba am dizainis,
romelic gamoCndeba struqturis aris slaidis (Slide) reJimSi. magram Tu
gvinda dizainis Sablonebi gamoviyenoT amorCeviT, sxvadasxva slaidebisaTvis,
saWiroa SevasruloT Semdegi moqmedebebi. jer movniSnoT slaidi (slaidebi),
romlisTvisac gvinda gamoviyenoT dizainis Sabloni. Aamis Semdeg kursori
davayenoT SerCeuli Sablonis areSi, da rodesac Sablonis marjvena kidesTan
gamoCndeba ruxi feris zoli, davawkapunoT masze da gamosul meniuSi
SevarCioT punqti Apply to selected slides. SerCeuli Sablonis gamoyeneba moxdeba
mxolod moniSnuli slaidisaTvis (slaidebisaTvis).

Tu gvinda gamoyenebuli Sablonis gauqmeba yvela slaidisaTvis, Designe

templetes CamonaTvalSi movZebnoT Default Designe saxelis Sabloni da

davawkapunoT masze.

xolo Tu gvinda Sablonebi gavauqmoT slaidebze amorCeviT, jer

movniSnoT es slaidi (slaidebi), Semdeg kursori davayenoT Default Design
Sablonis areSi da rodesac mis marjvena kidesTan gamoCndeba ruxi feris
zoli davawkapunoT masze. gamosul meniuSi movniSnoT brZaneba Apply to selected
slides.
ferTa sqemebi (Color schemes). dizainis TiToeul Sablons aqvs ramodenime
alternatiuli ferTa varianti, romlebic gamova amocanaTa areSi Color schemes
brZanebis gaaqtiurebiT. alternatiuli variantis SerCeva moxdeba masze
dawkapunebiT, ris Sedegadac prezentaciis yvela slaidi Seicvlis ferTa
sqemas. Tu ferTa sqemis gamoyeneba gvinda calkeuli slaidebisaTvis, jer

120
movniSnavT am slaidebs da iseve rogorc wina SemTxvevebSi gamoviyenebT Apply

to selected slides brZanebas.

aRvniSnoT rom ferTa sqemis gamoyeneba SeiZleba dizainis Sablonebis

gareSec. ferTa sqemis gauqmebisaTvis viyenebT Defult ferTa sqemas.

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 slaidis dizainis ferTa sqemaSi gamoyenebulia erTmaneTTan Sexamebuli
rva feri, romelTagan ZiriTadia slaidis fonis feri. danarCeni ferebi,
sxvadasxva obieqtisaTvis, SerCeulia am feris Sesabamisad.
aris saSualeba yvela am feris redaqtirebisa. amisaTvis davawkapunoT
amocanaTa areSi Slide Design panelis qveda kidesTan arsebul Edit color schemes
Rilakze. gamosuli fanjris elementebs aqvT Semdegi daniSnuleba:
• Background _ slaidis fonis feri
• Text and Line _ teqstebis da naxatis obieqtebis konturis feri
• Shadows _ Crdilebis feri
• Title text _ saTaurebisa da qvesaTaurebis feri
• Fills _ Sekruli naxati figurebis fonis feri
• Accent _ meore feri grafikebsa da diagramebSi
• Accent and hyperlink _ hipermimarTvis feri
• Accent and followed hyperlink _ gamoyenebuli hipermimarTvis feri

am CamonaTvalSi movniSnavT obieqts romlis feris Secvlasac vapirebT,

vawkapunebT fanjris Change color Rilakze da gamosul ferTa palitraSi

SevarCevT axal fers. axali ferTa sqemis dasafiqsireblad vawkapunebT Add

standard schemes Rilakze.

slaidis mxolod fonis feris Sesacvlelad virCevT brZanebas Format

→Background, da gamosul ferTa palitraSi movniSnavT sasurvel fers. aqve

SegviZlia ganvsazRvroT fonis sxvadasxva efeqtebi. kerZod Tu fonad gvinda
raime naxatis gamoyeneba ferTa palitraSi virCevT File Effects punqts,

vaaqtiurebT Picture CanarTs, vawkapunebT Select Picture Rilakze da movniSnavT

saWiro naxatis fails. SerCeuli naxati Seavsebs slaidis fons.

ferTa sqemebis redaqtireba xorcieldeba yvela slaidze. Tu saWiroa

misi gamoyeneba calkeul slaidebze, saWiroa isini winaswar moiniSnos.
animaciuri sqemebi (Animation schemes). animaciuri sqemebi gamoiyeneba
slaidebze sxvadasxva saxis vizualuri (sanaxaobrivi) efeqtebis
ganxorcielebisaTvis teqstebisaTvis, rogoricaa: saTaurebi, markirebuli
siebi da abzacebi.

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 amisaTvis pirvel rigSi gavaaqtiuroT slaidi, romlisTvisac vapirebT
animaciuri sqemis gansazRvras. amis Semdeg, an amocanaTa areSi vaaqtiurebT
Animation schemes, an Slide show → Animation schemes , ris Sedegadac amocanaTa
areSi gamova efeqtebis saxelebis CamonaTvali, romelic dajgufebulia
jgufebSi, saxelebiT: Subtle (faqizi); Moderate (zomieri); Excinting (amRgznebi).
efeqtis gamoyenebisaTvis vawkapunebT mis saxelze, ris Sedegic maSinve
aisaxeba aqtiur slaidze. Tu gvsurs efeqti ganxorcieldes yvela slaidze,
amocanaTa areSi vawkapunebT Apple to all slides Rilakze. Tu gvsurs efeqtis
xelaxla demonstrireba vawkapunebT play Rilakze. A Slide show RilakiT
moxdeba efeqtis demonstrireba mTel ekranze. fanjaraSi ukan dasabruneblad
am SemTxvevaSi vawkapunebT klaviaturis Esc Rilakze. Tu saWiroa animaciuri
efeqtebis gauqmeba, efeqtebis saxelis CamonaTvalSi vawkapunebT No Animation
Rilakze.

struqturis reJimi (Outline). rogorc aRvniSneT Tu prezentacia Seicavs

bevr teqstur masalas, rogoricaa: saTaurebi; qvesaTaurebi; markirebuli da
danomrili siebi; abzacebi da sxva, maTi redaqtirebisaTvis da
daTvalierebisaTvis mosaxerxebelia gamoviyenoT struqturis reJimi. amisaTvis
struqturis areSi CavrTavT Outline CanarTs, (nax. 1.1) ris Sedegadac
struqturis areSi slaidebze aisaxeba mxolod teqsturi obieqtebi, romelic
gagviadvilebs, moniSvnis Semdeg, maT redaqtirebas. amisaTvis ki SeiZleba
gamoviyenoT struqturis aris marcxniv kideSi gamosuli instrumentuli
paneli, romlis Rilakebs aqvT Semdegi daniSnuleba (nax.2.1.)
Promote _ moniSnuli abzacis gadaadgileba zeda doneze.

Demote _ moniSnuli abzacis gadaadgileba qveda doneze.

Move up _ moniSnuli abzacis an slaidis gadaadgileba zemoT.

Move down _ moniSnuli abzacis an slaidis gadaadgileba qvemoT.

Collapse _ moniSnuli slaidis ZiriTadi teqstis damalva.
Expand _ moniSnul slaidSi damaluli teqstis gamoCena.
Collapse All _ yvela teqstis damalva.
Expand All _ yvela teqstis gamoCena.

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 Summary slide _ iqmneba axali slaidi yvela moniSnuli slaidis
saTaurebiT.

Show Formating _ teqstebis formatirebis gamoCena.

slaidis ZiriTadi teqstis damalvis (Collapse) SemTxvevaSi moniSnul

adgilas gamoCndeba ruxi feris zoli. mis gamosaCenad Expand Rilakis

magivrad SeiZleba orjer davawkapunoT am zolze.
saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi SeiZleba struqturis aris
gaganiereba./daviwroeba. amisaTvis kursori unda davayenoT aris marjvena
kideze da rodesac igi Seicvlis formas, Tan waviRoT marcxniv an marjvniv.
slaidebis daxarisxebis (sortirebis) reJimi (Slide Sorter). slaidebis
daxarisxebis reJimis CasarTavad vawkapunebT struqturis aris qvemoT
ganTavsebul Sesabamis Slide Sorter Rilakze, an virCevT brZanebas View→ Slide
Sorter, ris Sedegadac moxdeba yvela slaidis asaxva ekranze. aseTi saxiT
ganlagebul slaidebze mosaxerxebelia zogierTi operaciis Catareba,
rogoricaa, slaidebis gadaadgileba, waSla, aslebis gakeTeba, animaciuri
efeqtebis moqmedebis Semowmeba da sxva.
normaluri reJimis aRsadgenad SeiZleba visargebloT View→Normal
brZanebiT.

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 ლექცია 15

slaidebis da slaidebze obieqtebis Senacvlebis efeqtebi.

prezentaciis Cvenebis xerxebi. prezentaciis Seqmna ,,ostatis’’
saSualebiT.

laboratoriuli samuSaos daniSnuleba.

laboratoriuli samuSaos daniSnulebaa SeviswavloT:

• slaidebis erTmaneTis Senacvlebis efeqtebis gamoyeneba;

• slaidebze obieqtebis erTmaneTis Senacvlebis efeqtebis gamoyeneba;

• samarTavi Rilakebis dasma slaidebze;

• prezentaciis Cveneba mausis saSualebiT;

• prezentaciis Cveneba avtomatur reJimSi;

• prezentaciis avtomaturi Cvenebis repeticia;

• axali prezentaciis Seqmna ,, ostatis’’ reJimSi;

meToduri miTiTebebi laboratoriuli samuSaos Sesasruleblad.

slaidebis Senacvlebis efeqtebi.

prezentaciis dros slaidebis Cvenebisas isini enacvlebian erTmaneTs.

Power Point-iT SeiZleba ganisazRvros am Senacvlebis vizualuri (video) da
xmovani (audio) efeqtebi. amisaTvis CavrToT daxarisxebis reJimi (Slide sorter) an
RilakiT an View brZanebiT).
ekranze gamonaTdeba yvela slaidi (Tu yvela ar eteva, viyenebT
gadaxvevis zolebs). amocanaTa areSi avirCioT brZaneba Slide Transition, an Slide
show Slide Transition. amocanaTa areSi gamoCndeba Sesabamisi paneli. movniSnoT
slaidi (slaidebi), romlisTvisac (romelTaTvisac) vapirebT efeqtis
gansazRvras. Apply to selected CamonaTvalSi avirCioT slaidebis Senacvlebis
(gadasvlis) vizualuri efeqti (No Transition) gamoiyeneba efeqtis moxsnisaTvis).
efeqtis moniSvnisas moxdeba misi demonstrireba moniSnul slaidze
(slaidebze). Speed velSi SeiZleba SevarCioT am Senacvlebis siswrafe. Fast-
swrafi; Medium- saSualo; Slow - neli. Sound CamonaTvali gvaZlevs saSualebas
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SevarCioT xmovani efeqti. (No Sound) gamoiyeneba xmovani efeqtis
gauqmebisaTvis.
Advance slide CamonaTvalSi CamrTvelebiT SeiZleba ganvsazRvroT slaidebis
Senacvlebis xerxebi:
On mouse click- mausis dawkapunebiT an
Automaticaly after- avtomaturad. meore SemTxvevaSi mis qvemoT mocemul
mTvlelSi unda ganisazRvros moniSnul slaidze gadasvlis dro wamebSi,
wina slaididan.
efeqtebis gansazRvrisas, slaidebs, romlebisTvisac gansazRvrulia
efeqtebi, qveda kidesTan uCndebaT piqtograma , romelzec, an Play
Rilakze dawkapunebiT SeiZleba efeqtis ganmeorebiTi demonstrireba. Slide
show RilakiT moxdeba efeqtis demonstrireba mTel ekranze.
slaidebis obieqtebis Senacvlebis efeqtebi. garda slaidebis Senacvlebis
efeqtebisa, SeiZleba ganisazRvros slaidze teqsturi da sxva saxis
obieqtebis gamotanis vizualuri efeqtebic. amisaTvis pirvel rigSi CavrToT
Normal reJimi (RilakiT, an menius brZanebiT). amocanaTa areSi avirCioT
brZaneba Custom Animation, an Slide showt Custom Animation. gavaaqtiuroT slaidi,
da movniSnoT obieqti, romlisTvisac vapirebT animaciuri efeqtis
gamoyenebas. amocanaTa aris panelze CavrToT Add Effects Rilaki, ris
Sedegadac gamova efeqtebis kategoriebis CamonaTvali, Semdegi daniSnulebiT:
Entrance-obieqtis gamotanis efeqtebi; Enphasis- yuradRebis gamaxvilebis
efeqtebi; Exit- obieqtis ekranidan gaqrobis efeqtebi; Motion Paths- obieqtis
moZraobis traeqtoriebi, romlebic Tavis mxriv dayofilia jgufebad.
SevarCioT kategoria da mis marjvniv gamosul meniuSi avirCioT sasurveli
jgufis efeqti. Tu CarTulia
Auto Preview, arCevisTanave moxdeba misi demonstrireba. efeqtebis sruli
siis gamosatanad SeiZleba gamoviyenoT mis boloSi moTavsebuli More effects
punqti. slaidze efeqtebis mqone obieqtebi inomreba, dawyebuli pirveliT , ,
, am TanmimdevrobiTve moxdeba efeqtebis demonstrireba. Start RilakiT
SeiZleba SevarCioT efeqtis moqmedebis dawyebis meTodi: On click- mausis
dawkapunebis Semdeg; With Previous- avtomaturad, wina efeqtTan erTad; After
Previous -avtomaturad, wina efeqtis Semdeg.
Speed velSi SeiZleba ganvsazRvroT efeqtis moqmedebis siswrafe; Fast;
Medium; Slow. mis qvemoT panelze naCvenebia obieqtebis nomrebi miniWebuli
efeqtebis saxelebiT. Play RilakiT SeiZleba efeqtebis gameoreba, xolo Slide
show RilakiT moxdeba efeqtebis demonstrireba mTel ekranze.
Tu gvinda obieqtisaTvis efeqtis gauqmeba, movniSnoT obieqtis nomeri
panelze da davawkapunoT panelis zemoTa nawilSi Remove Rilakze.
obieqtisaTvis miniWebuli efeqtis Sesacvlelad, panelze movniSnoT misi

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nomeri, davawkapunoT Change Rilakze, da SevirCioT axali efeqti. efeqtebis
moqmedebis Tanmimdevrobis Sesacvlelad, davawkapunoT efeqtis nomerze da

Re-order Rilakis isrebiT , SevcvaloT misi Tanmimdevroba.

Start velis qvemoT velSi xdeba arCeul efeqtTan dakavSirebuli
parametrebis gansazRvra, romelTa CamonaTvali sxvadasxva efeqtebisaTvis
sxvadasxvaa.
naxati obieqtis msgavsad SesaZlebelia moZraobis traeqtoriis
redaqtireba, rogoricaa zomebis, formis Secvla, brunva, gadaadgileba.
TiToeul efeqtTan dakavSirebuli parametrebis gansazRvrisaTvis, saWiroa
panelze movniSnoT saWiro efeqtis nomeri da davawkapunoT moniSvnis
marjvena kidesTan moTavsebul isarze. ekranze gamova damatebiTi
parametrebis meniu. magaliTad menius Timing brZanebiT SeiZleba ganisazRvros
pauza wamebSi efeqtis amoqmedebamde Delay velis mTvleliT, xolo efeqtis
gameorebis ricxvi Repeat velis mTvleliT.
Rilakebis dasma slaidze. prezentaciis marTvis mizniT SesaZlebelia
slaidebze davsvaT Rilakebi, Sesabamisi warwerebiT. amisaTvis gavaaqtiuroT
Normal reJimi. movniSnoT slaidi, romelzec unda davsvaT Rilaki. SevarCioT
brZaneba Slide showtAction Buttons. gamosul fanjaraSi SevarCioT da movniSnoT
Rilakis saxe. gamovsaxoT slaidze SerCeuli figura, mausis saSualebiT.
gamosul fanjaraSi CavrToT CamrTveli Hyperlink to. CamovSaloT Z RilakiT da
SevarCioT Rilakis funqcia: Last slide-bolo slaidis gamotana; End show-
prezentaciis dasasruli; Other Power Point Presentation-sxva prezentaciaze
gadasvla; Slide-slaidis gamotana misi saxeliT. (am SemTxvevaSi gamoCndeba
fanjara, romlis Slide title velSi SevarCevT sasurveli slaidis saTaurs da
movniSnavT). Ok RilakiT slaidze Rilakis dasmis procedura dasruldeba.
RilakSi SeiZleba CavweroT teqsti. amisaTvis mausis marjvena
RilakzeawkapunebiT gamogvaqvs konteqsturi meniu da masSi virCevT Add Text,
ris Sedegadac SesaZlebeli iqneba RilakSi raime informaciis Cawera.
SemdgomSi slaidis Rilakebze dawkapunebiT moxdeba SerCeuli funqciis
ganxorcieleba.
prezentaciis Cveneba mausis saSualebiT. miuxedavad imisa,
Tu prezentaciis ramdeni slaidia Seqmnili, SesaZlebelia misi Cveneba
ekranze. amisaTvis pirvel rigSi slaidebis Senacvlebis efeqtebis
gansazRvrisas, Slide Transition amocanaTa panelis Advance slide CamonaTvalSi
CarTuli unda iyos ;
on Mouse click CamrTveli. CavrToT Sesabamisi Rilaki Slide show struqturis
areSi, an Viewt Slide show, an Slide show t View Slide show , an davawkapunoT
OKklaviSze. Normal reJimis fanjara gaqreba da prezentaciis pirveli slaidi
aisaxeba mTel ekranze. yoveli momdevno slaidis gamotana xorcieldeba
mausis marcxena klaviSze dawkapunebiT, an Enter klaviSiT. bolo slaidis
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Cvenebis Semdeg, momdevno slaidis gamotanis moqmedebebiT davbrundebiT
Normal reJimis fanjaraSi.
garda slaidebis gamotanis zemoT aRwerili xerxebisa, prezentaciis
marTvisaTvis SeiZleba gamoviyenoT specialuri klaviSebi da maTi
kombinaciebi, romelTac aqvT Semdegi daniSnuleba.

t, v, Pg v- momdevno slaidis gamotana ekranze.

s, u, Pg u- wina slaidis gamotana ekranze.

klaviaturaze slaidis nomris akrefa + Enter- akrefili nomris slaidis

gamotana.

B – Savi ekranis gamotana / gauqmeba.

W- TeTri ekranis gamotana / gauqmeba.

A- mausis maCveneblis damalva / gamoCena.

ctrl + P- mausis maCvenebeli miiRebs fanqris formas

da SesaZlebeli gaxdeba mausiT ekranze
xatva.

ctrl + A- mausi kvlav miiRebs fanqris formas.

E- fanqriT damatebulis waSla.

ESQ- prezentaciis Cvenebis reJimidan gamosvla da Normal reJimSi dabruneba.

პრezentaciis Cvenebis dawyebisas ekranis marcxena kuTxeSi gamoCndeba

piqtograma, romlis dawkapunebiTac ekranze gamova meniu prezentaciis
marTvis brZanebebiT. erT-erTi brZanebis mag. Pointer Options Z gaaqtiurebiT
miRebul qvemeniuSi magaliTad SeiZleba ganvsazRvroT mausis forma:
Automatic, Hidden (damalva), Arrow, Pen (fanqari). am qvemenius Pen Color Z brZanebis
gaaqtiureba mogvcems saSualebas avirCioT fanqris feri.

prezentaciis Cveneba avtomatur reJimSi .

Power Point-Si aris SesaZlebloba Seqmnili prezentaciis avtomaturi

Cvenebisa, Tavidan bolomde, yovelgvari Carevis gareSe. amisaTvis CavrToT
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Slide Sorter reJimi. amocanaTa areSi avirCioT Slide Transition brZaneba, ris
Sedegadac gamova Sesabamisi paneli. Tu slaidebis Senacvlebis efeqtebi
gansazRvruli ar gvaqvs, SeiZleba isini aq SevarCioT, an Tu Secvla gvinda-
SevcvaloT. Advance slide velSi gamovrToT Camrtveli on mouse click da CavrToT
Automaticaly after. mis qvemoT mTvlelSi ganvsazRvroT TiToeuli slaidis
Cvenebis dro wamebSi. avirCioT brZaneba Slide showtSetup show, da gamosul
fanjaraSi CavrToT ; Using timings if present da Ok.
davawkapunoT amocanaTa panelze Apply to All slides Rilakze, raTa
gansazRvruli parametrebi mieniWos TiToeul slaids. Sedegad miviRebT
avtomaturi reJimisaTvis gamzadebul prezentacias, romlis gasaSvebad
SevarCevT Slide show reJims. prezentaciis Cvenebisas slaidebi avtomaturad
cvlian erTmaneTs, im efeqtebiT da droiTi intervalebiT, romlebic winaswar
ganvsazRvreT.
Tu saWiroeba moiTxovs, rom bolo slaidis Cvenebis Semdeg avtomaturad
Tavidan daiwyos prezentaciis Cveneba, vaxorcielebT Slide show Set up show da
CavrTavT ; Browsed at a kiosk, CamrTvels.

prezentaciis avtomaturi Cvenebis repeticia.

avtomatur reJimSi prezentaciis Cvenebisas, mniSvnelovania, rom Cvenebis

parametrebis gansazRvrisas, slaidis CvenebisaTvis SerCeuli dro
akmayofilebdes Cven moTxovnebs. amisaTvis mimarTaven prezentaciis Cvenebis
repeticiis reJims, romlis drosac zustad SeirCeva TiToeuli slaidis
Cvenebis dro. virCevT brZanebas Slide show tRehearse Timing. ekranze gamoCndeba
instrumentuli paneli da masze CairTveba pirveli slaidis Cvenebis drois
wamzomi, romelic ganlagebulia marjvena mxares. panelze Rilakebs aqvT

Semdegi daniSnuleba: se- wamzomis SeCereba. yoveli slaidis Cvenebis dro

dafiqsirdeba am Rilakze mausis daklikebiT; t next- am RilakiT moxdeba
yoveli Semdegi slaidis gamotana, ris Sedegadac wamzomi daiwyebs Tavidan
aTvlas,

gamotanili slaidisaTvis; - Repeat- slaidis Cvenebis gameoreba. Tu

mimdinare slaidis drois aTvlisas davuSvebT Secdomas, am RilakiT moxdeba

wamzomis Tavidan CarTva. panelis Sua nawilSi agreTve aris wamzomi,
romelic avtomaturad afiqsirebs mTel prezentaciis Cvenebis dros. ± Rilaki
gamoiyeneba instrumentuli panelis dasaxurad.
prezentaciis Cvenebis dasrulebis Semdeg ekranze gamova Setyobinebis
fanjara, romelzec naCvenebia prezentaciis Cvenebis dro da kiTxva. gvinda
Tu ara TiToeul slaidze daxarjuli drois dafiqsireba? dadebiTi pasuxis

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SemTxvevaSi virCevT Yes Rilaks.

axali prezentaciis Seqmna.

axali prezentaciis Sesaqmnelad virCevT an instrumentuli panelis New

Rilaks an File tnew, an amocanaTa panelis New Presentation brZanebis Blank
Presentation punqts, ris Sedegadac gamodis axali prezentaciis ZiriTadi
fanjara (nax. 1.1), prezentaciis Sesabamisi saTauriT. yoveli axali
prezentaciis Seqmnisas fanjris saTauri inomreba mimdevrobiT-Presentation 2,
Presentation 3, ... da a.S.
axali prezentaciis Seqmna ,, ostatis’’ reJimSi. garda slaidebis
struqturebis Sablonebis ( From Design Template) gamoyenebiT prezentaciis
Seqmnisa, Power Point- Si SeiZleba Seiqmnas gansazRvruli Tematikis
prezentacia e.w. ,,ostatis’’ reJimSi. am dros vsargeblobT mza Tematuri
SablonebiT, samarTlis ,ekonomikis, sertifikaciis, treningis, marketingis da
sxva sferoSi.
,, ostatis’’ reJimSi prezentaciis SeqmnisaTvis amocanaTa areSi virCevT
New Presentation brZanebis From Auto content Vizard punqts.
gamova fanjara, ostatis reJimSi prezentaciis Seqmnis struqturiT, romelic
xuTi Rilakisagan Sedgeba:
Tavidan aqtiuria pirveli Rilaki Start, romelic gamwvanebulia. yovel
Semdeg Rilakze gadasvla xorcieldeba an masze dawkapunebiT, an fanjris
next RilakiT, ris Sedegadac is gaaqtiurdeba da Sesabamisi Rilaki
gamwvandeba. xolo Rilakze gadasasvlelad SeiZleba gamoviyenoT aseve
fanjris Back Rilaki.
Prezentation type Rilakis gaaqtiurebiT gamova prezentaciis kategoriebi:
All, General, Corporate, Projekts, Sales/Marketing. Tavidan aqtiuria General kategoria,
xolo mis marjvniv mocemulia prezentaciis tipebi Tematikis mixedviT.
kategoriis SerCeva moxdeba misi moniSvniT, ris Sedegadac mis marjvniv
gamova am kategoriis Sesabamisi Tematikis prezentaciis tipebi. tipis
SerCevac moxdeba masze dawkapunebiT.
Prezentation stile Rilakis gaaqtiurebiT gamosul fanjaraSi unda SeirCes
misi gamotanis stili, erT-erTi CamrTveli:

{ On screen Prezentation _ gamotana kompiuteris ekranze;

{ Web Prezentation _ gamotana internetSi;

{ Black and White _ gamotana Sav TeTr ekranze;

{ Color Overheads _ feradi gamotana;

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 { 35 mm slides _ gamotana 35 mm slaidebze.

ekranze gamosatanad CairTveba • On screen Prezentation CamrTveli. Prezentation

options RilakiT gamosuli fanjris title velSi unda CavweroT prezentaciis
saTauri, romelic Semdeg gamova pirvel slaidze. Footer velSi unda CavweroT
teqsti, romelic iqneba qveda kolontituli da romelic gamova yvela
slaidze. 5 Date last update almis CarTviT, prezentaciis yvela slaidad qveda
kolontitulSi gamova prezentaciis bolo Seqmnis TariRi. xolo 5 Slide number
almis CarTvisas, yvela slaidis qveda kolontitulSi gamova Sesabamisi
nomeri.
Finish RilakiT gamosul fanjaraSi virCevT Finish Rilaks, ris Sedegadac
davbrundebiT Normal reJimSi Seqmnili prezentaciis slaidebis SablonebiT.
ekranze struqturis areSi gamova SerCeuli Tematikis prezentaciis
slaidebis Semcirebuli aslebi, maTi nomris, dasaxelebisa da Tematuri
punqtebis miTiTebiT, xolo slaidis areSi pirveli slaidi. slaidis teqsti
Seicavs masze gansaTavsebeli informaciis Sesaxeb rekomendaciebs
SerCeuli Tematikis mixedviT. slaidebis gamotana slaidebis areSi
xorcieldeba mis Semcirebul aslze dawkapunebiT, rac mogvcems saSualebas
prezentaciis gamotanil Sablonebze ganvaxorcieloT slaidebis Seqmnis da
redaqtirebis operaciebi: SevitanoT teqstebi, CavsvaT obieqtebi, SevarCioT
daformatebisa, Tu sxva procesebis parametrebi, CavsvaT axali slaidebis
Sablonebi, ganvaxorcieloT slaidebis Senacvlebis da slaidebze obieqtebis
Senacvlebis vizualuri da xmovani efeqtebi da sxva, romlebic sxva
reJimebisTvis ganvixileT.

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 გამოყენებული ლიტერატურა

1. ძოძუაშვილი ა. Excel, ქართული უნივერსიტეტი, 2011

2. ლაგვილავა ე., გოგიჩაიშვილი ვ., ჩალიგავა თ. MS Excel - თეორიული საკითხები,
პრაქტიკული სავარჯიშოები, თბილისის სახელმჭიფო უნივერსიტეტი, 2012
3. ოთხოზორია ვ., ცირამუა ზ. ინფორმაციული ტექნოლოგიები, 2015
4. https://sites.google.com/view/eacademy-
ge/%E1%83%AC%E1%83%98%E1%83%92%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98?authuser=0
5. https://ahaslides.com/ka/blog/tag/interactive-powerpoint/

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