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(iii) Mod-amplitude form of complex number

Operations on Complex Numbers

VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. Express the following complex numbers in Modulus amplitude from

(I) 1 − i (ii) 1 + i 3 (iii) − 3 + i (iv) −1 − i 3

Solution : -

Let 1 − i = r {cos θ + i sin θ }

r cos θ = 1 r sin θ = − 1

( r cos θ ) + ( r sin θ ) = 2 ⇒ r = 2
2 2

1 1
cos θ = sin θ = −
2 2

Principal value of θ = − π / 4 {∵ − π ≤ θ ≤ π }
  π  −π 
∴1 − i = 2 cos  −  + i sin  
  4  4 

(ii) 1 + i 3 = r {cos θ + i sin θ }

∴ r cos θ = 1 r sin θ = 3

( r cos θ ) + ( r sin θ ) = 1 + ( 3)
2 2 2

r2 = 4 ⇒ r = 2

1 3
cos θ = sin θ =
2 2

π
∴ Principal value of θ =
3

 π 
∴1 + i 3 = 2 cos + i sin π / 3
 3 

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(iii) − 3 + i = r{cos θ + i sin θ }

r cos θ = − 3 r sin θ = 1

( r cos θ ) ( r sin θ ) = 3 + 1 ⇒ r = 2
2 2

3 1
cos θ = − sin θ =
2 2

5π
∴ Principal value of θ =
6

 5π 5π 
∴− 3 + i = 2 cos + i sin 
 6 6 

(iv) −1 − i 3 = r {cos θ + i sin θ }

r cos θ = − 1 r sin θ = − 3

( r cos θ ) + ( r sin θ ) = ( −1) + − 3 ( )

2
⇒ r 2 = 4 ⇒ r =2
2 2 2

1 3
cos θ = − ; sin θ = −
2 2

Prove of θ = − 2π / 3

  2π   2π 
∴− 1 − i 3 = 2 cos  −  + i sin  − 
  3   3 

2. Simplify −2i ( 3 + i )( 2 + 4i )(1 + i ) and obtain the modulus of that complex

number
Solution : -

{
−2i {3 + i}( 2 + 4i ) (1 + i ) = − 2i ( 3 + i ) 2 + 2i + 4i + 4i 2 }
= − 2i ( 3 + i ) ( −2 + 6i ) = − 2i {−6 + 18i − 2i − 6}

= − 2i {−12 + 16i} = 24i − 32i 2 = 32 + 24i

32 + 24i = ( 32 ) + ( 24 ) = 1024 + 576 = 40

2 2

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3. If z ≠ 0 find Arg z + Arg z

If Arg z = θ then Argz = −θ

∴ Argz + Arg z = θ − θ = 0

4. If z1 = − 1 and z2 = − i then find Arg ( z1 z2 )

Solution: -

z1 = − 1 ⇒ Argz1 = π {∵ − 1 = cos π + i sin π }

z2 = − i ⇒ Arg z2 = − π / 2 {∵ − i = cos − π / 2 + 1sin ( −π / 2 )}

Arg ( z1 z2 ) = Argz1 + Arg z2 = π − π / 2 = π / 2

z 
5. If z1= − 1: z2 = i then find Arg  1 
 z2 

Solution : -

Argz1 = π {∵ − 1 = cos π + 1 sin π }

Arg z2 = π / 2 {∵ i = cos π / 2 + i sin π / 2}
z 
Arg  1  = Argz1 − Argz2 = π − π / 2 = π / 2
 z2 

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. Simplify and find the Modulus of the following complex no’s

(i)
( 2 + 4i ) ( −1 + 2i ) (ii)
(1 + i )
3

( −1 − i )( 3 − i ) ( 2 + i )(1 + 2i )

Solution:
( 2 + 4i )( −1 + 2i ) = −2 + 4i − 4i − 8
( −1 − i )( 3 − i ) −3 + i − 3i + i 2
−10 5 5(2 − i) 5 (2 − i)
= = = =
−4 − 2i 2 + i ( 2 + i )( 2 − i ) 5

( 2 + 4i )( −1 + 2i ) =|2−i|= 5
( −1 − i )( 3− i )

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(1 + i ) 1 + i 3 + 3i (1 + i )
3
1 − i + 3i − 3
(ii) = =
( 2 + i )(1 + 2i ) 2 + 5i + 2i 2
5i

−2 + 2i 5i −10i + 10i 2
= × =
5i 5i 25i 2

−10 − 10i 2 + 2i
=
−25 5

(1 + i )
3
4 4 2 2
= + =
( 2 + i )(1 + 2i ) 25 25 5

2. If (1 − i )( 2 − i )( 3 − i ) ...... (1 − ni ) = x = iy then prove that

( )
2.5 .10.................. 1 + n 2 = x 2 + y 2

Solution: -

(1 − i )( 2 − i )( 3 − i ) ....... (1 − ni ) = x − iy
Consider Modulus on both sides

(1 − i )( 2 − i )( 3 − i ) ....... (1 − ni ) = x2 + y 2

2 5 10 ....... 1 + n 2 = x 2 + y 2

Squaring on both sides

( )
2.5.10....... 1 + n 2 = x 2 + y 2

z +1
3. If the real part of is 1 find the locus of z
z+i

Solution: -
Let z = x + iy

 x + iy + 1  {( x + 1) + iy} { x − i ( y + 1)} = 1
Re   = 1 ⇒ Re
 x + iy + 1  x 2 + ( y + 1)
2

Since real part of complex no is 1

x ( x + 1)− i 2 y ( y + 1)
=1
x 2 + ( y + 1)
2

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x2 + x + y2 + y = x2 + y 2 + 2 y + 1 ⇒ x − y = 1

4. If z = x + iy and | z | = 1 find the locus of z

Solution : -

| z | = 1 ⇒ | x + iy | = 1 ⇒ x 2 + y 2 = 1

Squaring on both sides

x2 + y 2 = 1

π
5. If the amplitude of ( z − 1) is then find the locus of z
2

Solution : -

Let z = x + iy Amp ( z − 1) = π / 2

Amp { x + iy − 1} = π / 2 ⇒ Amp {( x − 1) + iy} = π / 2

 y  y sin π / 2
tan −1   =π /2⇒ =
 x −1 x − 1 cos π / 2

⇒ x −1= 0

π π
6. If the Arg z1 and Arg z2 are and respectively find ( Arg z1 + Arg z2 )
5 3
Solution : -

π
Arg ( z1 ) = ⇒ Arg z1 = − π / 5
5

Arg z2 = π / 3 Arg z2 = π / 3

−3π + 5π 2π
∴ Arg z1 + Argz2 = − π / 5 + π / 3 = =
15 15

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