Majorities

Types and Usage

 Absolute Majority...
• More than 50% of the total strength of the
House.
• The number is fixed.
 Simple Majority...
• More than 50% of the members PRESENT and VOTING.
• The number varies.
• Functional Majority.
• USAGE:
 Election of Speaker, Deputy Speaker.
 Passage of Confidence Motion, No Confidence Motion,
Adjournment Motion.
 Effective Majority...
• More than 50% of the Effective Strength of the
House.
• Usage:
 Article 67(b).
 Removal of Speaker, Deputy Speaker of Lok
Sabha.
 Removal of Deputy Chairperson of Rajya Sabha.
 Special Majority...
• Flavour 1:
Article 312 -
 Special Majority...
• Flavour 2:
Article 368 –
2/3rd members present & voting + Absolute
Majority.
Also, removal of the judges of the SC & HC.
Removal of CAG, CEC.
 Special Majority...
• Flavour 3:
Special Majority + Ratification by more than
50% of the States.
 Special Majority...
• Flavour 4:
Article 61 – Impeachment of the President.
Toughest Majority.