Local Government

73rd & 74th Amendment.

Panchayati Raj
Articles 243 to 243-O
 Intro...
• System of rural local self-government.
 Balwantrai Mehta Committee...
• ‘democratic decentralisation’.
a) Establishment of 3 tier Panchayati Raj system – Gram
Panchayat, Panchayat Samiti and Zila Parishad.
b) All planning and developmental activities should be
entrusted to these bodies.
c) The DC should be the head of Zila Parishad.
d) There should be genuine transfer of power and
responsibility to these democratic bodies.
 Ashok Mehta Committee...
a) Replace 3 tier system with a 2 tier system –
Zila Parishad and a Mandal Panchayat.
b) There should be official participation of
political parties at all levels.
c) Reservation of seats for SCs/STs on the basis
of their population.
 73 rd Amendment Act, 1992.
• Transition from Representative to
Participative Democracy.
 Provisions...
• Gram Sabha:
• Election of Members & Chairpersons:
• Reservation of Seats:
• Duration of Panchayats:
• Disqualifications:
• State Election Commission:
• Powers & Functions:
• Finances:
• Areas kept out:
• Bar to interference by Courts:
 11 th Schedule...
• Agriculture;
• Land Improvement;
• Minor Irrigation;
• Animal Husbandry;
• Rural Housing & Drinking Water;
• Minor forest produce;
• PDS;
• Poverty Alleviation Programmes...
 Problems & Issues
Suggested Reforms & Success
Stories.
Urban Local Government
74th Amendment Act.
 Introduction...
• 3 types of Municipalities:
a) Municipal Corporation;
b) Municipal Council;
c) Nagar Panchayat.
 Composition...
• Creation of Wards.
• Representation for following persons:
a) Persons having special knowledge or experience in municipal
administration without the right to vote in meetings of
municipality.
b) The members of the Lok Sabha and the state Legislative Assembly
representing constituencies which comprise wholly or partly the
municipal area.
c) The members of the Rajya Sabha and the state Legislaltive Council
registered as electors within the municipal area.
• Wards Committee:
• District Planning Committee & Metropolitan
Planning Committee:
 12 th Schedule...
• Urban planning;
• Roads & Bridges;
• Fire Services;
• Cattle Ponds;
• Burials and Burial Grounds;
• Slum Improvement;
• Urban Poverty Alleviation...
 Types of Urban Local Bodies...
• 1. Municipal Corporation:
2. Municipality:
3. Notified Area Committee:
4. Cantonment Board:
5. Town Area Committee:
6. Township:
7. Port Trust:
8. Special Purpose Agency:
 Urban Govt.
Issues & Solutions.