@M\F^ZEC F_

ECP PJÝC[ÈCP @CEEMP, ECP

@AM[@MP V ECP \ZJKECP
@F[@ZINMI^JP.
  
 

ECP @AM[@MP V ECP

\ZJKECP
@F[@ZINMI^JP

Nmtm`fði. ==:< m =>44. =::6 Bumi \cec nj Cinjdmrnc y Rírmtj ecs njichfið
«mfhmrms·
ECP PJÝC[ÈCP @CEEMP. @CEEMP. Ems jtifms sj nfvfnèmi2 Zr`usuyc Zr`usuyc  
(c``fnjitme-pmstcrjs) y Zhmsuyc (crfjitme-mdrf`uetcrjs-pjs`mncrjs)
 Icrtj m Pur2 @ceems
@ceems-Amtui`ceem
-Amtui`ceem y \mu`mr`ceem, Eupm`ms
Eupm`ms-@au`uftc
-@au`uftc (c``fnjitme),
 \m`mbjs
\m`mbjs-@mqufmvfrf
-@mqufmvfrf
emdc ^ftf`m`m (Pury nje
y @us`c) [fc njsmdumnjrc),
vj`fics2 ]ufrums y ecs@mims
@mims y
 y ecs @mi`afs
`meemaumyms
`meemaumyms. @mi`afs (icrtj
.  (icrtj jitrj je

 
ECP PJ C[ CP @CEEMP,
ECP @AM[@MP V ECP
\ZJKECP
@F[@ZINMI^JP

@CI^[CE NJ ECP \FPCP J@CEÐDF@CP2 njpjinjrí su j`cichèm y su

sfstjhm nj suksfstji`fm, kus`mi jqufefkrmr y `chpjismr ems njof`fji`fms nj em
 puim. Msè ecs Eupm`ms, @ceems y \m`mbjs nchfimrmi ems zcims pjrfoærf`ms pcr
hjnfc nj em `cecifzm`fði, kus`m jqufefkrmr y `chpjismr ems njof`fji`fms nj em
hmdrm prcnu``fði nj em puim(metfpemic). Pugmgceecs
Pugmgceecs,, Ji ecs Vuidms js orj`ujitj
quj sj emkrji tjrrmzms (tm`mims) c kmi`mejs pmrm
kmi`mejs  pmrm je `uetfvc nj `c`m, `moæ, `mým nj
mzò`mr, `m`mc, kmimims, pmpmyms, em`myctjs, eò`uhms, mhmrmitc, m`aupmeems c
  krchjefms, hmèz jt`.

 
ECP PJ C[ CP @CEEMP,
ECP @AM[@MP V ECP
\ZJKECP
@F[@ZINMI^JP

@mrf y Rmpmim2 Ji ecs òetfhcs mýcs nje pjrfcnc prjafspíif`cs, jstm rjdfði jstmkm
ji dujrrm2 je @meemc
@meemc `ci
 `ci sus ; `mpftmejs Amtui`ceem y \mu`mr`ceem-Rmpmim
\mu`mr`ceem- Rmpmim,, je ecs
Eupm`ms-@au`uftc‐ 
Eupm`ms -@au`uftc‐ @mrf
@mrf (\u`mrms `chc2 eemvj, Buef, Rjpftm y \chmtm). Pcef`ftmrci
em myunm nj fi`m _frm`c`am
_frm`c`am m`jptc
 m`jptc m ecs jhfsmrfcs nfpechítf`cs nj @mrf y ic msè
nj Rmpmim. Eu`am sj nfc ji \mu`mr`ceem je vji`jncr @mrf
@mrf nfc
 nfc hujrtj m Rmpmim. Je
Fi`m _frm`c`am
_frm`c`am eejdc m @au`uftc
@au`uftc ncinj rjmefzmrci
rjmefzmrci je \m`tc nj hutum myunm,
 kjkfjinc nj ui gjrc y rjtcrimnc me @uz`c.
@uz`c.
 

ECP PJÝC[ÈCP @CEEMP,

ECP @AM[@MP
\ZJKECP V ECP
@F[@ZINMI^JP

_frm`c`am. ^uvc vmrfcs afbcs Zr`ði-Fi`m Vupmiquf,

_frm`c`am. Vupmiquf, oujrci mtm`mncs pcr ecs
@ami`ms, Zr`ði
@ami`ms,  Zr`ði jrm fi`m y js`mpc nj em `funmn, ecs crjbcijs
crjbcijs pfnji
 pfnji em myunm nje
Fi`m Vupmiquf qufji ecs vji`fð, rjtcric me @uz`c nm hujrtj m su ajrhmic Zr`ði,
njs`cic`j
Vupmiquf,, `chc
Vupmiquf fif`fm fi`m m su pmnrj
su mvmi`j am`fm_frm`c`am y sj jitrcim
je @ceemsuyc `chc \M@AM@Z^F
=>4=   (Mymvfrfs
=>4= Mymvfrfs), Fi`m
), ji`citríincsj
`ci je rjy @ceem @au`af @mpm` m qufji njrrctmrm ji Amtui @ceem, @ceem, ec eejvmrm me
@uz`c y meeè ec nj`mpftmrm. M su rjtcric sj qujnc ui tfjhpc ji @cpm`mkmim.
 Ejvmitc pmem`fcs ji em fsem nje Pce y em Euim.

ECP PJÝC[ÈCP @CEEMP,

ECP @AM[@MP
\ZJKECP V ECP
@F[@ZINMI^JP

Em jitrmnm me Mitfsuyc, ecs @meemaumyms. Jrmi vj`fics nj ecs @ceems, oujrci

eemhmncs pcr ecs jspmýcejs @mrmkmym
@mrmkmym,, ocrhmnc pmrtj nje ^mwmitfisuyc
(Mitfsuyc-pmr`fmefnmn nj ecs mitfs
mitfs),
), pcr prfhjrm vjz ecs fi`ms `cic`fjrci em `c`m,
rf`c
`chcjihænf`cs
crc, `cic`jncrjs nj em pòkef`cs.
y oui`fcimrfcs hjnf`fim [jmefzmrci
mi`jstrme (puqufim), ecscrc
emhfims nj eejvmrci me @uz`c
pmrm mncrimr je
 pmem`fc nj @crf`mi`am
@crf`mi`am.. ^jièmi `chc vj`fics m ecs
@aui`acs mncrmncrjs nje ctcrci`c-tfdrj minfic.
 Ji su tjrrftcrfc sj ji`ujitrm Fsgmiwmym..
Fsgmiwmym

 
 
ECP
@AM[@MP V ECP \ZJKECP
@F[@ZINMI^JP
Em @ciojnjrm`fði nje Pur2 Ecs @amr`ms.
@amr`ms. @mpftme Pm`m`m (Icrtj nj \ctcsè y Pur nj
@kkm-Kcefvfm) Ji je Hjhcrfme nj =:1; rj`fkfð je ichkrj ([jme( [jme Munfji`fm nj
@amr`ms =:?=-burfsnf``fcime)pcr
=:?=-burfsnf``fcime)pcr em myunm quj prjstmrci jeecs m ecs Jspmýcejs
nurmitj em `ciqufstm (@amr`ms, @mrm`mrms, @af`ams y ecs @aufs)(@mrmidms, Pcrms y
]ufeem`ms).

Jstuvfjrci dckjrimncs
\ujkec dujrrjrc pcr @cpmtfm`m
@cpmtfm`m 
jeecs myunmrci   y `ciqufstmncs
m ecs fi`ms m em `ciqufstm pcr ecs Fi`ms (\m`am`utf).
nje ^mwmitfisuyc, njspuæs
nj em `ciqufstm mpcymrci m em rjkjefði nj Hmi`c FF, @cismrm
@cismrm sj sj mefð me Fi`m \mueeu y
m Ajriminc \fzmrrc ji em `ciqufstm nje fi`mrfc. Pu njs`jinfjitj je `m`fquj
 Ojriminc Mymvfrf
uifvjrsfnmnjs y afbcs2
pmrm sus _jems`c,  pfnjnj prfvfejdfcs
`cejdfc pmrm ecs `m`fqujs2 `cejdfc y
@m`fquj-@uz`c.

ECP PJÝC[ÈCP
 

@CEEMP, ECP @AM[@MP

V ECP \ZJKECP
@F[@ZINMI^JP

@mrm`mrms.
―^figus @mpftme
^figus‘‘ jitrj ecsHm`am
Hm`am, , pujkec
Emfhjs kjef`csc ncinj
y Bu`uhmifs, sj rjmefzm
su sjýcr ems, eu`ams
Hcrc`c,
Hcrc`c ji su njichfimnms
burfsnf``fði
-`amquf, `mfzm y vfsfsm-
vfsfsm-(aíkftmt
(aíkftmt nj ecs finfcs yurms
yurms-`cecifm-
-`cecifm- nje `chjr`fc nj em sme).
@af`ams,, `mpftme ^mefim
@af`ams ^mefim,, efhftmkmi me I. `ci `mrmidms, C. `ci ecs Efpjz y me J.
@afrfdõmics, ji su burfsnf``fði (@ctmdmftm, _ftf`af, Pufpm`am y ^upfzm). \rcnu`tcrjs
nj pemtm.
@aufs.   C`upmkmi ecs vmeejs nj @kkm nj meeè oujrci sm`mncs pcr Aumyim @mpm`,
@aufs. @mpm`,
 eejvmncs buitmhjitj `ci ecs `ctms
@afrfdõmics. `ctms   `chc hftfhmjs
hftfhmjs   m \c`cim
\c`cim   orcitjrm `ci ecs

ECP PJÝC[ÈCP @CEEMP, ECP

@AM[@MP V ECP \ZJKECP
@F[@ZINMI^JP
Ecs @mrmidms.
@mrmidms. Jrm ui pujkec em`ustrj `chc (@ceems, Eupm`ms y \m`mbjs), sftumncs ji
je m`tume njpmrtmhjitc nj Crurc (emdc \ccpð y em `crnfeejrm C``fnjitme), nj ejidum
mfhmrm, prjsjitmi jxtjisms ij`rðpcefs c `aueepmrjs nj mnckjs nj pemitm `umnrmnm y
`ukfjrtm nj omesm kðvjnm. @chpmrtfjrci su aíkftmt `ci ecs Zrus y @afpmyms.

Ecs iò`ejcs hms

em `ciqufstm fhpcrtmitjs
fi`mrfm (^ctcrm,
sj ocrtfof`mrci ji Minmhmr`m, Crfic`m
Crci`ctm buitc
Crci`ctm buitc m ecs ypujkecs
@auquf`ctm), nurmitj
nj \mrfm y ecs
Vmhpmrms, `ciqufstmncs pcr Aumyim @mpm` ecs eejvmrci m ecs vmeejs nj @kkm `chc
hftfhmjs.
 (octc nj @urmaumrm nj @mrmidms)

ECP PJÝC[ÈCP @CEEMP, ECP

@AM[@MP V ECP \ZJKECP
@F[@ZINMI^JP

Pcrms y ]ufeems.
]ufeems. amkftmkmi em crfeem crfjitme
crfjitme nje emdc \ccpð ecs Pcrms mkmr`mkmi em
m`tume prcvfi`fm nj \mrfm eejdminc amstm Pfpj Pfpj y ^mpm`mrè ji @kkm.
Me Pur nje
Zruqufeems emdc \ccpð
y Msm`mpfs), sj msjitmrci
pujkec ecs ]ufeem`ms
pmstcr dckjrimncs pcr emuifncs
nfimstèmmnjecsecs(Msmimqujs,
Dumrm`afs,,
Dumrm`afs
nf`am omhfefm sj msjitmkm tmhkfæi ji Hm`am`m. Pci njs`jinfjitjs nj Mpc Dumrm`af
qufji fitjrvfic ji em `ciqufstm nj Amtui @ceem.
 

ECP PJÝC[ÈCP @CEEMP, ECP

@AM[@MP V ECP \ZJKECP
@F[@ZINMI^JP

Vmhpmrms. Zsmkmi je mr`c y em oej`am, ukf`mncs ji je njpmrtmhjitc nj @auqufsm`m

Vmhpmrms.
`ci ; `mpftmejs Vctmem y ]ufemqufem. Nurmitj je _frrjfimtc nje \jrò jstuvfjrci
jxjitcs nj em hftm (_frrjy ^cejnc -=:4:), ncinj rmnf`c su `m`fquj Myhcrc
Myhcrc,, sj
`cidrjdmrci ji em \mrrcqufm nj Pmi Eízmrc `jr`m m em aum`m nj ^midmtmidm mncrmnm
pcr ecs @amr`ms. (\aubeemy-kmfej).
 

ECP PJÝC[ÈCP @CEEMP, ECP

@AM[@MP V ECP \ZJKECP
@F[@ZINMI^JP

Mrquftj`turm y `jríhf`m nj `ceem y `amr`ms.

`amr`ms . Ecs mfhmrms-ij`rðpcefs-`aueepms nj
mnckjs y pfjnrm nj  pemitm `umnrmnm (\m`mbjs, `jr`m nj Pf`msf`m) y `fr`uemr  
(Pfeeustmif-Amtui`ceem
Em \mz y Crurc amy ><ji \uic-\jrò)
sftfcs `ci em tæ`if`m
mrqujceðdf`cs, me emnc nj
njemr`c y kðvjnm
rfc Emu`m sci (hmyms).
nj`crmnmsJitrj
`ci
ofdurms djchætrf`ms (ijdrc, rcbc, kemi`c y vjrnj). @cistruyjrci ocrtmejzms eemhmnms
pu`mrms (^fqufim y js`chm) @jríhf`m  ‐ `ceem-pu`us. Nfstrfkufncs Zr`c Zr`c (hcitmým,
 (hcitmým,
 sj`c,
hjnfcoujdc y hms`uefic-Eupm`ms
hms`uefic-Eupm`ms)) y je uhm
ecs \m`mbjs. uhm   (mdum, mkmbc y ojhjific-`ceems
ojhjific-`ceems)) y me

ECP PJÝC[ÈCP @CEEMP, ECP

@AM[@MP V ECP \ZJKECP
@F[@ZINMI^JP

[jefdfði2 ; omsjs m)
m)em
em rjefdfði fi`mf`m-jspmýcejs k)
fi`mf`m-jspmýcejs k) hftcs mitjs nj ecs fi`ms. Mitcifc
nj em @memi`am y Meocisc [mhcs Dmvfeíi - afstcrfm nj @cpm`mkmim
@cpm`mkmim.. Pjdòi Kjrtcifc
je Nfcs njnjecs
`rjmncr) ecsMfhmrms ^uiupm (oujdc
^uiupm
Fi`ms, Feempm  (oujdc
ji je y ecs ojiðhjics
@ceemsuyc. `jejstjs)
\m`amhmhm ic
\m`amhmhm y _frm`c`am
 ic `citmkm_frm`c`am (Nfcs
 (Nfcs
`ci tjhpecs ji
@cpm`mkmim jxfstèm ui tjrrjic pmrm su mncrm`fði. @ci em `ciqufstm fi`mrfm sj
fistmurc em vjijrm`fði me Nfcs Pce. Ji je ofrhmhjitc @ams`m
@ams`m,, ji ecs `jrrcs Feefhmif,
 \u`mrmif, \cr`c, \ctcsè, ^midmtmidm, jt`. (sfrjims ]ujsfituu y Zhmituu).

ECP PJÝC[ÈCP @CEEMP, ECP

@AM[@MP V ECP \ZJKECP
@F[@ZINMI^JP

Hftc nj ^uiupm2 
^uiupm2  ouj jivfmnc pcr je Nfcs `rjmncr _frm`c`am je `ume mpmrj`j ji
[m``af c @m`am `jr`m me @uz`c, qufji afzc eecvjr oujdc pcr ems hmems m``fcijs nj
ecs achkrjs.@mrmku`c
mimismyms). ^mrmku`c 
^mrmku`c   ncinj
@mrmku`c ncinj
 ncinj njbc uim su`ruz
ic m`jptmrci (kmtmeem
prjnf`m jitrj hujrtj
y nfjrci ecs urfismyms y ecs
y ec mrrcbmrci
me Emdc ^ftf`m`m ji uim kmesm ocrhminc je rfc Njsmdumnjrc y je Emdc \ccpð. \ccpð.
]ujsfituu y Zhmituu ec m`chpmýmrci m em Fsem nje Pce qufji ic ec m`jptc `chc
 Nfcs, ej nfjrci hujrtj y ec mrrcbmrci me emdc ^ftf`m`m. _frm`c`am nfc hujrtj m
^uiupm.

ECP PJÝC[ÈCP @CEEMP, ECP

@AM[@MP V ECP \ZJKECP
@F[@ZINMI^JP

^mtm Pmkmym2 `ci
Pmkmym2 `ci me hujrtj nj ^uiupm surdj je ^mtm Pmkmym (vce`íi ji em `crnfeejrm
nj Pfeefeef`m). Em pmstcrm Msuitm
Msuitm `ci`fkfð
 `ci`fkfð ui afbc `ci je ^mtm Pmkmym `ci je ichkrj
nj Hmrtfi
hfsm, @mpurmtm
@mpurmtm,
ui nfm ic ec , jspjrmrci
qufji kmbmkm `mnmecsnchfidc
y jstj hmenfbc kmbmkm me pujkec mec js`u`amr
y ecs amkftmitjs hmtmrci emy
rjpmrtfjrci su `ujrpc jitrj ecs > suycs, ^mtm Pmkmym ecs njstruyc y eujdc ouj
rjpckemnc pcr m``fði nj em _frdji Hmrèm. [jem`fcimnc `ci je ^mtm Pmitfmdc
 

ECP PJÝC[ÈCP @CEEMP, ECP

@AM[@MP V ECP \ZJKECP
@F[@ZINMI^JP

Ecs Zrus. Pj njnf`mrci m em pjs`m, iui`m pmsmrci em jtmpm menjmim, sj mpmrjitmrci

`ci ecs @afpmyms, c`upmrci ^fqufim, je rfc njsmdumnjrc, @cpm`mkmim, Emdc \ccpð,
@amrmhc`c (@c`amkmhkm),
quj ic oujrci msfhfemncs c sjpcstjrfcrhjitj oujrci
rjsfstfjrci oujrci msfhfemncs pcr ecs mfhmrms y ecs
hmrdfimncs.
 

ECP PJÝC[ÈCP @CEEMP, ECP

@AM[@MP V ECP \ZJKECP
@F[@ZINMI^JP

Ecs @afpmyms.
@afpmyms. Msjitmrci ji je rfc Emu`m sckrj je emdc nj @cfpmsm, sj njnf`mrci me
pmstcrjc y me `uetfvc nj qufium y `mýmaum. Pus `msms mdrupmnms nj pemitm `fr`uemr
`ci pujrtms nj `m`tus. _jijrmi me vce`íi Pmkmym y me Pmbmhm.
 

ECP PJÝC[ÈCP @CEEMP, ECP

@AM[@MP V ECP \ZJKECP
@F[@ZINMI^JP

Ecs òetfhcs vjstfdfcs mrqujceðdf`c Fs`miaumym.

Fs`miaumym. Ji em \rcvfi`fm huýj`ms
huýj`ms   sckrj je
rfc Eef`m sj ji`ujitrm em
em `funmn nj Fs`miaumym quj sci pmrtj
pmrtj nj em `ueturm Hceec
Hceec..
Purdj me `cempsc
;:< hts. nj ^fmaumim`c
Ic ji`citrmrci y em mpmrf`fði
jnfof`fcs nj ecsPjsjýcrècs
rjefdfcscs. `ceems. Mdrf`uetcrjs
ji`citrmrci jitjrrmhfjitcm
pmrvuemrfcs. _mscs Gjrcs.
 

Drm`fms