COLLEGE OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATICS

DEPARTMENT OF SOFTWARE ENGINEERING

PROPOSAL TITLE: SECURITY ISSUES IN WKU NETWORK AND ITS
SOLUTIONS

NO NAME IDNO
1. GUTEMA BEYENE ………………………………...CIR/349/11
2. ADISU TSEGAYE …………………………………CIR/308/11
3. KENO DIRIBA…………………………………………CIR/357/11

SUBMITTED TO MR. ALIAZAR

SUBMISSION DATE

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Table of Contents
Lists of Table............................................................................................................................................I
Lists of Figure.........................................................................................................................................II
Abstract..................................................................................................................................................III
CHAPTER ONE........................................................................................................................................1
1.1. Introduction and Background of the Study..................................................................................1
1.2. Problem Statement.......................................................................................................................1
1.3. Motivation of the Study...............................................................................................................2
1.4. Objectives of the Study................................................................................................................2
1.4.1. General objective...............................................................................................................2
1.4.2. Specific objective................................................................................................................2
1.5. Research Questions......................................................................................................................2
1.6. Significance of the Study.............................................................................................................3
1.7. Scope and Limitation of the study...............................................................................................4
1.7.1. Scope of the Study..............................................................................................................4
1.7.2. Limitations of the study.....................................................................................................4
CHAPTER TWO.........................................................................................................................................4
2. LITERATURE REVIEW....................................................................................................................4
2.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................4
2.2. An Overview of Network Security..............................................................................................4
2.3. CIA Triad.....................................................................................................................................5
2.4. Network Security attacks.............................................................................................................7
2.5. There are two types of Network attacks:......................................................................................7
2.5.1. Passive Attacks...................................................................................................................7
2.5.2. Active Attacks....................................................................................................................7
2.5.3. Other Security attacks.......................................................................................................8
2.6. Network Security solutions..........................................................................................................9
2.6.1. Network Security Awareness............................................................................................9
2.6.2. Network Security Mechanisms.........................................................................................9
2.6.3. Network Security Tools...................................................................................................10
2.7. Review of Previous Work..........................................................................................................11
2.8. Knowledge Gaps........................................................................................................................13

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CHAPTER THREE.................................................................................................................................14
3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY...................................................................................................14
3.1. Introduction...............................................................................................................................14
3.2. Research Design........................................................................................................................14
3.2.1. Target population............................................................................................................15
3.2.2. Sample size and sampling procedures............................................................................15
3.3. Research Methodology Development........................................................................................15
3.3.1. Data collection Methods..................................................................................................16
3.3.2. Validity and reliability of the instrument.......................................................................16
3.4. Data Analysis.............................................................................................................................17
3.4.1. Quantitative data analysis...............................................................................................17
3.4.2. Qualitative data................................................................................................................18
3.5. WORK PLAN............................................................................................................................19
3.6. Project Budget...........................................................................................................................20
3.7. Conclusion.................................................................................................................................20
REFERENCES......................................................................................................................................20

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 Lists of Table

Table 3. 1 Time schedule of the project.................................................................................................19

Table 3. 2 Budget of the proposal...........................................................................................................20

Lists of Figur

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Figure 2. 1 CIA Triad................................................................................................................................6
Figure 2. 2 Conceptual Framework.......................................................................................................13

Abstract
Now is the time for WKU to seek more network services and to exchange more confidential
information within these services. First, there is a specific requirement for network access in
WKU. To enable students to go beyond space and time to acquire knowledge; The construction

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of the WKU Network is the foundation of all university construction to provide a better learning
environment for greater freedom and choice of educational activities.
The WKU network has many functions such as teaching, research, management and external
communication. It can be easily compromised when using network services in the WKU
network. This article represents the current state of WKU network security, analyzes current
security threats, issues or issues on WKU network security and finally describes solutions or
strategies for WKU network security, effective and efficient Strong network system within
WKU. This item introduces a change of security issues and solutions within the WKU network.

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 CHAPTER ONE
1.1.Introduction and Background of the Study
WKU network connectivity expanded rapidly, WKU network services and applications increased
rapidly, at the same time; WKU network information security is more important today. Complete
security measures have not been taken in the current network and application system, and
security vulnerabilities in the host operating system and application are still not working, there
are many problems with system administration, all of them serious security issues, so our
network security is very important. Recent network monitoring has seen the system and its host
try to invade others, there are a large number of security issues in the system, and there are many
security issues that are difficult to eliminate and eliminate.
In addition, a virus transmitted through the network can significantly affect the normal
functioning of the premises network or the WKU network.

1.1.2. Problem Statement

WKU usually has a computer unit. There are some computers, and in this class, you can access
the university's computer network directly, and students and teachers often use these computers
to access information and learn online. However, in the absence of integrated management
software and monitoring and logistics systems, these computer components may not be
necessary within the administration. The identity of the Internet user cannot be determined
because most of the components have serious flaws in the registration and administration
systems. It is very convenient for us to use the services provided by the WKU network, but it has
become a fast way to transmit the virus. Network virus outbreaks can lead directly to user
privacy and important data breaches. The network virus consumes a large number of network
resources, which can drastically reduce network performance and even significantly reduce
network performance.
In the WKU network, attacks, machine hacking, theft of another account, network misuse,
unauthorized access to unauthorized files, mail hacking, and other incidents often occur, and
other manifestations of user safety awareness. The university network is not very impressive.
The most serious problem is the lack of funds for network construction in WKU, limited funds
are primarily spent on network equipment, and are not taken extremely for building and network
security management.
Due to a lack of awareness in WKU, network security Network management is not perfect, the
management system is imperfect, management technology is not advanced. These reasons
prevent the WKU Network Management Center from taking any action or protection for network
security, and WKU network security may lead to the disclosure of confidential and confidential
information due to various threats and attacks.

1.3.Motivation of the Study

To keep the computers in WKU in the network

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To prevent identity theft in wku

To protect shared data in wku

To stabilize the network connection in WKU

1.4.Objectives of the Study

1.4.1. General objective
The general purpose of this study is to classify and confirm WKU network security issues. and
reliability of networks within WKU using solutions or network security methods and network
security tools.
1.4.1.2. Specific objective
Identify the hardware security issues that bleach wku network security and propose the solutions.

Identify the software security threat's issues that bleach wku network security and propose the
solutions.

Identify and provide solutions for various network security attacks that compromise the security
of the wku network.
Provide a variation of network security methods and network security tools for security issues in
the WKU network.
And last but not least, the review of the current state-of-the-art campus network information
security solutions.

1.4.5. Research Questions

This study sought to answer the following questions. All derived from the study objectives:

In what way is a hardware threat likely to influence network security effectiveness in the WKU?

In what way is an external network security attack likely to influence network security
effectiveness in the WKU?

In what way is an internal network security attack likely to influence network security
effectiveness in the WKU?

What are network security tools used to promise the effectiveness of network security in the
WKU?

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What are other modern network information security solutions or propose a generic solution for
the future assessment?

.6. Significance of the Study

The main objective of this study was to assess network security Issues in the WKU and propose
a generic solution for future assessment by identifying the current security issues and by
proposing their solutions such as network security mechanisms and network security tools in
order to achieve the effectiveness of the network security as well as to achieve the CIA trades of
the network in WKU. In achieving this objective, the study set to establish what security issues
affect WKU network security in a university setup.

This research is then considered beneficial to Ethiopian universities' ICT policy as well as
network administrative workers and makers because it will provide different solutions on Issues
that influence network security effectiveness in universities and in turn propose an approach to
assess the solutions for those network security issues. By proposing a framework for assessing
network security effectiveness, the study will be beneficial for future assessment of network
security effectiveness.

Since network security is a dynamic process, this study when completed will contribute to the
existing body of knowledge as reference materials in the area of network security and more
specifically when studying network security effectiveness issues for Ethiopian Universities. [1]

This research therefore will fill in the gap by finding out the solutions for hardware threats,
software external and internal network security attacks, and organizational influence network
security effectiveness in the WKU and further recommend a generic framework to be adopted for
assessing such systems in the other second and third-generation universities as well as first-
generation Ethiopian universities, by answering the questions about the current network security
issues and attacks such as hardware threats, software threats such as internal and external
software threats and also this research is helpful to overcome those network security issues by
proposing network security measures and network security tools those are used to enhance the
effectiveness of network security.

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 .7. Scope and Limitation of the study
.7.1. Scope of the Study
The scope of this research is network security issues and their solutions in WKU so this research
is focused on based on the current network information of WKU and propose the solutions such
as the network security measures as well as network security tools to enhance the effectiveness
of network security in WKU.

.7.2. Limitations of the study

The major limitation of the study is that it does not involve employees/users from different
business units due to the preliminary study taken, which finds that users lack awareness, and
users are afraid of providing such information due to their thought that giving such information
might jeopardize the organization's reputations. Due to time, labor, and money constraints the
study is limited to conducting the practices, challenges, and prospects of network security
policies in WKU.

CHAPTER TWO
. LITERATURE REVIEW
.1 Introduction
This chapter entails an overview of Network Security, Network Security Issues such as hardware
attacks, software attacks, Network security effectiveness, and Network security practices or
network security solutions such as; Network security mechanisms, Network security tools. In
addition, related literature and conceptual framework that this study is anchored on are discussed
here.

.2. An Overview of Network Security

Network security is any doings intended to protect your network and data procedure and
integrity. It includes both hardware and software technologies. Effective network security
manages network access. Targets various threats and prevents them from entering or spreading
your network [2] [3].
The need for an effective security approach involves high technical features. However, security
must begin with common ground, often limiting access to buildings, rooms, computer
workplaces, and neglected features, making any security measures ineffective.

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One might think that network security measures on the network are to protect networks and
information from hackers, scammers, criminals, and negligent employees. It is very effective
when applied in layers. These layers build protection against all network hazards.

The idea is that each cover provides a network of detection and/or protection that monitors,
detects, alerts, and terminates threats to the network.

Network security is the process of customizing the protection of your data and resources from
any risk of unauthorized access to your computer network infrastructure. It uses software and
hardware technologies to find the best solution for network protection.

Network security is a wide term that covers many technologies, tools, and processes. Simply put,
it is a set of guidelines and arrangements planned to protect the reliability, confidentiality, and
accessibility of computer networks and data using software and hardware technologies. Every
organization, regardless of size, industry, or infrastructure, needs network security solutions to
protect it from the ever-increasing cyber threats in the wild. [4] [5].

Today's network architecture is a complex and ever-changing environment and is constantly

under attack by attackers trying to find and exploit vulnerabilities. These vulnerabilities can
occur in a variety of environments, including devices, data, apps, users, and locations. As a end
result, many of the network security management tools and applications in use today address
individual threats and exploitation and agreement principles. A few minutes' interruptions can
cause significant disruption to the organization's reputation and reputation, and these precautions
must be taken. [5]

.3. CIA Triad

According to many experts, the main security objectives and objectives are in the CIA Triad, in
other words, all security programs start with the CIA triad which It is the name given to the first
three principles of safety.

 Confidentiality
 Integrity
 Availability

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 Figure 2. 1 CIA Triad
Confidentiality

Confidentiality is the principle and practice of confidentiality unless the owner or custodian of
the information gives permission to share it with another person. Confidentiality is sometimes
called confidentiality or privacy.
Examples of privacy threats are malware, hackers, social engineering, unsecured networks, and
so on.
Integrity

It stays the ability to confirm that the system and the data are not hacked. It keeps not only the
information but also the operating systems, applications, and hardware from unauthorized
individuals. In this context, modifications include writing, modifying, changing, deleting, and
creating. In information security, contextual fidelity refers not only to the accuracy of the
information but also to the authenticity of the source. There are two broad methods for accuracy,
defense and detection. Defensive measures are access controls that prevent unauthorized
information changes and are designed to identify detection methods that fail when unauthorized
modifications are made.
Availability
Is promises that methods, applications and data are available to customers whenever they
need them. Simply put, computer-based services are the last resort [5]. The authorized person
must not be denied access to his / her property, or have legitimate access needs. For example, a
security system can protect everyone from reading something and keep it completely
confidential. Even though this method does not happen the requirements for right access. With a

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CIA Triad base, the security program must begin with the right policies and gather input from all
senior members of the organization. [20] 17 Other S

.4. Network Security attacks

Network security attacks are unauthorized actions on private, corporate, or public IT assets to
improve them or steal confidential information. When many enterprises invite employees to
access information from mobile devices, networks become vulnerable to data theft or complete
destruction of the data or network [3] [4]
Types of attacks in network security

.5. There are two types of Network attacks:

.5.1. Passive Attacks
In passive attacks, the attacker eavesdrops or monitors the data transmitted to find the content of
data transmitted or to analyze the nature of communication. Such attacks analyses traffic,
monitor unprotected communications, decrypting weakly encrypted data, and capture authentic
information such as passwords.

Such attacks may end result in the revelation of personal information without the user's
knowledge. these attacks are difficult to classify because of data injury and no transformation.

Therefore, there are various encryption techniques to prevent these kinds of attacks rather than
inventing techniques to detect them. [5]

.5.2. Active Attacks

Inactive attacks, the attacker tries to circumvent or break into protected systems in the ongoing
communication networks. Such kind of attacks includes breaking into secured features, injecting
malicious code, and stealing or modifying sensitive information. In these kinds of attacks, the
attacker can alter the data transmitted or the whole data stream can be changed. Various error
detection and modification techniques are used at various network layers to acquire a safe data
communication. Active attacks can take place in four ways:
 Masquerade
 Modification of messages
 Repudiation
 Replay
 Denial of Service

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 .5.3. Other Security attacks
Various attacks have been listed by [1] in their paper which includes e-mail containing virus,
network virus, web-based virus, attack on the server, service rejection attacks, and network user
attacks. The main problem with IT infrastructure is the vulnerability of computer networks and
similar problems are mainly caused by the implementation and design of information systems,
including security processes and monitoring. Another kind of security threat named insider
attack which is being mentioned by [1] [2] is capable of causing irreparable damage to the
activities and reputation of the organization.
Some of these attacks are listed below [2] [1]

A. Hijack

This is a kind of an attack in which the hacker intercepts or takes over a session between the user
and another system and finally disconnects the latter from the communication. The user remains
under the impression that the system is still connected and may send sensitive and confidential
information to the hacker by accident [2].

B. Viruses Worms and Trojans

Viruses are programs that are written in order to alter the working of the victim's computer
without its permission and authorization [15]. A virus can enter an organization's system in three
ways. Firstly, E-mail containing viruses, which can infect the system's email and spread
throughout the organization. Second, network viruses can invade the system through unprotected
ports and can damage the entire network. Thirdly, web-based viruses that infect the system visit
their website and damage other internal network systems [5].
C. Close in attacks/Social Engineering

Known as bugs in the human hardware [2], these attacks involve physical interaction with the
network, systems, and components for getting unauthorized access to the information. The
perpetrators are communicating with the victims via email, messages, social media, or phone and
trick the latter to reveal personal information regarding the security of the system The attackers
try to exploit the emotional response of the victim who falls for their trust revealing to them their
username, passwords, and email address this kind of attacks also take around 9 to 10 days for
getting resolved [2].

D. Phishing attacks

These kinds of attackers pretend to be trustworthy persons with an intention to capture sensitive
information through fraud email and messages [3]. They often try to trick users into creating a

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fake website, such as SBI Bank or PayPal, register their personal data, including their username
and password, by clicking the link. [2] It takes 9 to 10 days for such attacks to resolve.

.6. Network Security solutions

.6.1. Network Security Awareness
Organizations and users of corporate information systems must ensure that corporate information
security laws, enforcement orders, directives, policies, standards, guidelines, procedures, or
procedures are made aware of the security risks associated with corporate information security.
Systems; And ensure that their staff is effectively educated to perform information security tasks
and assigned tasks.
[1] According to the NSA, the employee has general knowledge and understanding of the
organization's network security policy.
He explained that a general understanding of information security is general knowledge of the
employee and an understanding of issues related to network security. These definitions are
similar to the way employees know safety and are fully committed to the safety of their
organizations.

Workers' Network Security Awareness is a significant part of an effective network security

management program. [1] The best way to ensure the implementation of network security
procedures or guidelines is to make sure users are aware of them. Numerous network security
researchers have indicated that NSA programs are necessary to enhance controls in network
security usage. [2] Therefore, with network security systems in place, needs to do a well-
structured briefing or training on network security to enhance network security effectiveness.

.6.2. Network Security Mechanisms

A. Intrusion detection systems

It is a network monitoring tool or software application that monitors any malicious activity and
policy abortions and notifies the administrator of any immediate intervention. They are a set of
programs, which help to identify interference and prevent system damage.

There are two types of intrusion detection systems:

 Anomaly Intrusion Detection

 Misuse Detection or Signature Based IDS.

The Anomaly Intrusion Detection system includes the creation of independent networks and
forecasting patterns, misuse or signature-based identification of state transfer tables, pattern

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matching, genetic algorithms, blurred logic, immune systems, and the BJP method decision tree
[17] It includes. These systems can be host-based ID. The system matches the traffic with the
attack pattern and if the match is detected it gives the alarm to the administrator. However, the
attacker may be clever enough to change the signature of the malicious traffic, which the IDS fail
to detect [5] [1].

B. Antivirus Systems

is a program or collection designed to protect, detect, detect and remove software viruses and
other malicious software such as worms, Trojans, adware, and others. The antivirus system
should be kept updated with the latest updates so that it would be easy for it to scan the latest
virus signatures. Sometimes an antivirus system is not able to detect the infected file if it is
encrypted or zipped. [2]

C. Firewalls

A firewall can be defined as a device, which may be a computer or router acting between the
internet and the organization network. The firewall only transmits those packets to the
enterprise's internal network, enabling secure data packets configured by the firewall
administrator and filtering other packets.

The firewall works on the

 network
 transport, and
 application layers.
 proxy firewall work on the application layer

The firewall checks the traffic according to the specific rules it has been configured for but there
may be chances when the attacker can portray the harmful data to have perimeters that the
firewall finds safe to be transmitted through it. [1]

.6.3. Network Security Tools

The following are used to protect the network:
 is a free and open-source device

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  security checking.
 Nessus is the best network vulnerability scanner available.
 Wireless Shark or Ethereum is an analyst for UNIX and Windows Open Source Network
Protocol.
 a lightweight network intervention detection and advanced security system that goes
beyond traffic analysis and packaging.
 Logging on IP networks.
 is a simple utility that reads and writes information on TCP or UDP network connection?
 Kismet is a powerful wireless sniffer.

.7. Review of Previous Work

This section entails a review of previous works, which is related to this study, touching
specifically on studies that have Network Security Issues in Campus area networks or university
networks.

Three previous studies are briefly discussed below:

1. Problems and Solutions in Campus Network Information Security 2 Global Industrial

and Information Systems Kuihong W (2012)
This paper introduces some of the most popular on-campus network information security
solutions by examining the threats to campus network security and the current state of campus
network security. In addition, this study concludes that as more and more universities and
colleges build their own campus networks and the application of campus networks expands,
system security networks will inevitably become more efficient. Providing a good information
learning environment Template learning activities Strong backup and information technology
education and campus networks guarantee local hardware. Is it significant to work campus
networks more efficient? The article introduces and analyzes many situations and potential
threats to the security of campus networks and provides advice on how to build campus networks
from management and techniques.
2. A Study of Network Security Aspects and Attack Techniques: International Network
Trends and Technology Journal - Volume 3 - P.Aruna Devi, S.Rani Laskhm (2013)
While we were using articles on network security functions and methods of attack, he developed
an integrated model of network security effectiveness and actually tested the model.
In conclusion, the study shows that SMEs have made less defensive efforts compared to larger
organizations. Administrations with high leadership support have been shown to be more self-
protective than organizations with weak management support. Financial institutions have been
found to be more aggressive than other organizations in other sectors and have a strong barrier to
restraint. Furthermore, a high level of security labors and defensive measures lead to better
network security efficiency.

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3. Network threats, attacks and security measures: a review: International Journal of
Advanced Research in Computer Science: Ruzaina Khan Mohammad Hasan September-
October (2017)

This literature review is also discussing the network security Issues such as network attacks,
threats, and security measures. In addition, this research paper largely supports or parallel goes
with our research to do so this research literature review work.

The study also concluded that globally expanding information networks are vulnerable to
accidents and attacks from malicious sources, making challenging challenges in business and
creating gaps in research for scholars. Researching and developing countermeasures is a dire
need for organizations to protect their sensitive data from being infected by unauthorized
sources. Network security has now become an integral part of an organization's confidentiality as
it prevents unauthorized users from accessing the network systems, ensures safe transferring of
sensitive data, and provides a robust system of warning against alarm and fixing issues in case of
a security breach. This study provides a description of various kinds of threats and attacks on
network systems and the common counter-measures to mitigate the situation. Further studies can
be conducted on organizations mapping the degree of damage they receive because of becoming
victims of such attacks. Case studies on network organizations can also be conducted to
understand the grey areas of networking security and aspects, which need to be addressed.

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Conceptual Framework

Network security
Mechanisms
mechansms
• Fire walls
•
Anti-viruses •
• Intrusion detection •
Systems •
systems

network security
policy NS Security
• Availability of policy Effectiveness
• Clarity of policy • Preventive
• Communication • Deterrent

Staff training and

Awareness
• Creation of awareness
IS security issues
• Training on IS related
laws
• Sensitization on
consequence s

Figure 2. 2 Conceptual Framework

.8. Knowledge Gaps

It allows you to make a real contribution to the existing body of knowledge and prepares more
published findings.

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The knowledge gap refers to the diversity of information and tools available to the poor and the
creation, acquisition, and promotion of innovation in developing countries.

Knowledge gaps need to be explored in order to accurately plan workplace planning. Knowledge
breaks can often overlay the needs of the region.

Municipalities sometimes lack contact with participants who want to participate in the process
and do not know how to communicate them and how to proceed.

The following questions must be addressed effectively:

Knowledge of employers' needs, experiences, and needs;

A system for monitoring the outcome of an activity;

Sources of funding to support the initiative;

Clear legal background;

The ability to change staff travel experiences;

Security environments to make simpler the use of sustained designs

CHAPTER THREE
. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
.1. Introduction

This chapter presents a method of data collection. Includes research plan, target population,
model design, data gathering, data investigation, and moral issues. The study reviews security
issues and solutions in WKU NETWORK and provides a comprehensive approach to evaluating
network security effectiveness in universities.

.2. Research Design

The study followed a descriptive research design by combining quality and quantitative
techniques. Descriptive research is associated to involving the features of an individual or group.
Thus, the researcher needs to be clear about what he or she wants to measure and to find
adequate methods for measuring it and to get the population to be studied with a clear definition.

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This design allows us to obtain the required information, and the purpose of this study is to
suggest an appropriate evaluation method for evaluating, understanding and understanding the
security issues and solutions within the WKU network and for evaluating future assessments,
Network security effectiveness.
.
When looking for the causes and effects of a numerical approach, a quality approach requires
definitions and understandings. In this study, we used a mixed method, to assess the
effectiveness of network security, assess conditions, and how they can affect the effectiveness of
the target organization. This includes using factual information and interpreting the information
and insights of the interviewed staff.
.2.1. Target population
A population is defined as a set of individual factors or a set of common observational
characteristics that the researcher seeks to summarize.
In this study, we aim to evaluate security issues and solutions within the WKU network. The
university is enclosing of Colleges and Departments, and Faculties. Wolkite University has
received IT in most of its activities. The researcher targeted users of the Wolkite University data
center and network security staff at the WKU Data Center, Also beneficiaries from all colleges
and departments of Wolkite University.
.2.2. Sample size and sampling procedures
The sample design is a distinct plan to obtain samples from the particular population. It refers to
the technique or technique used by the researcher in selecting materials for the sample.

This study uses an objective model. In this type of sample, the researcher purposely selects the
sample material; the choice of items remains dominant. Included in this study are all Wolkite
University Information Center and Network Security staff working at WKU Data Center and
users from all Wolkite University colleges and administration departments.

.3. Research Methodology Development

In this proposal, we will use different methods to prepare the proposal, to gather information.
Hardware component tools;
Personal PC ፡Close - Almost all of the functions we provide are performed on a computer.
USB drive; to transfer data from one PC to another.
Pen and paper: To write essential documents related to the proposal.
Smartphone; Used to find out more about the proposal.
Software components tools;
MS Word: to write documents.

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Windows 10 operating system.
Microsoft Office Terms 2016 ፡ Closing - To record the corresponding offer related to the
proposal.
.3.1. Data collection Methods

The study used primary data gathered from surveys, explanations, previous studies and analyzes.
Used for data collection, survey, literature review, and analysis for the seven research questions.
Survey queries floated to respondents.
The existing study is suitable using the following tools.
Questionnaire: Prepare some questions related to our study and distribute them to the selected
student. Therefore, this study collects the essential information from the sample with the aid of
the questionnaire. The questions are related to network security issues and solutions at Wolkite
University.
Interview - Gather the necessary information verbally with the sample team or staff to achieve
the goals of the current study. By asking the respondent and the respondent the necessary
questions outside of us or the researcher's influence. For important information for research
problem.
Observation: Today we look at the network security issues encountered at the Wolkite
University Network, as well as in various network service infrastructures.
.3.2. Validity and reliability of the instrument
The accuracy and reliability of data collection tools are being challenged by the accuracy and
reliability of the system. Volume measurements must encounter the accuracy, reliability, and
applicability tests of this research.
.3.2.1. Validity of the instrument
Accuracy is a measure of fairness and accuracy. According to the results of the research, the
accuracy and usefulness of the references is high. Data collection techniques should not only be
related to research questions but also provide accurate information.
To verify the accuracy of the questionnaire, we provided information and recommendations to
staff, technical staff at the University of Wolkite University ICT Center. Sample is intended to
increase standard accuracy for users who connect daily to the network systems created at
Wolkite University.
Evaluating relevant publications and consulting with ICT experts has helped select the right
applicants and then prepare the right questions.
.3.2.2. Reliability of the instruments
Reliability is a constant test of the use of the same device. A research tool is a measure of the
degree to which it produces consistent results or information after repeated attempts.

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In this study, we took standard measures to ensure that the interviewees were free from external
influences such as interviewer fatigue, interview fatigue, interviewer bias, and so on. We also
expected the reliability of the tools used to define consistency. The study used a test method for
reliability, and the questionnaire was first presented to the five (5) respondents by ICT staff at
the main campus for the same sample and resubmitted fourteen days later. The results of the two
tests are related to a correlation of 0.78, indicating a strong positive correlation between the two
results and a high degree of instrumentation.
.3.2.3. Ethical considerations
Participants are informed of the purpose of the study before the information is sought from them,
based on voluntary and informed consent. With the permission of Wolkite University, we have
access to WKU's Head of Information Systems at WKU. Loyalty, trustworthiness and
confidentiality were highly protected during the study.

.4. Data Analysis

Data Analysis of data collected from the field. The results are existing in tables and content
presentations to highpoint important findings. They are presented in chronological order.
Standard variables, correlations, and backlog analyzes were used to analyze the data collected.
The raw data is coded, reviewed, and tabled to clearly identify security issues and solutions
within the WKU network.
.4.1.Quantitative data analysis
Data preparation

The first step is to change raw data into something meaningful and readable, consider data
preparation. It includes four steps:

Step 1 ፡ Data validation

The purpose of the verification of information is to gather as much information as possible and to
ensure that there is no bias. It is a four-step process.

Fraud, to discovery out if each respondent was as it must be interviewed or not.

Screening, to guarantee that respondents are specific based on research criteria.
Procedure, to guarantee that the data meeting process is properly followed
Completeness, to guarantee that the questioner requests all of the questions to the respondent
rather than just a limited question.
Step 2 ፡ Data Editing

Typically, large data sets contain errors.

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To ensure that there are no such errors, the researcher must perform basic data analysis, verify
the accuracy of the results and correct the raw data, and classify facts of information that may
invalidate the results.

Step 3 ፡Data coding

Data coding is the highest significant facts in data preparation. Responses from the survey
include grouping and classifying values.

Quantitative data analysis methods

Next is the numerical data analysis method, which is organized to analyze the data. The two most
common used Quantitative data analysis methods are descriptive statistics and inflation
statistics.

Descriptive statistics

Descriptive statistics is the major stage in the analysis. Helps researchers summarize data and
find patterns. Some common descriptive statistics

 Mean: statistical average of a set of values.

 Median: midpoint of a set of statistical values.
 Mode: most common value among a set of values.
 Percentage: Explain how the value of the responses in the data is related to the multiple
responses group.
 Frequency: the number of times a value is found.
 Range: The difference between high and low values
 Descriptive statistics provide absolute numbers. Although they do not identify the
motivation and reason behind their numbers. Before implementing descriptive statistics,
it is important to think about which study question fits and what you want to show. For
example, it is a good way to show the percentage of respondents by gender distribution.
Descriptive statistics are very useful when the study is limited to a sample and does not
need to be summarized for the general population. For example, if you are comparing the
percentage of children vaccinated in two different villages, descriptive statistics are
sufficient.

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 .4.2.Qualitative data
Quality information analysis is done in a slightly different way than numerical information
because quality information is primarily words, observations, images, and symbols. It is
impartial nearly difficult to get perfect meaning from such evidence. Therefore, it is mostly used
for research purposes. Although there is a clear difference between the data preparation and the
data analysis level in quantitative research, quality research analysis usually begins with the
provision of information.

Data preparation and basic data analysis

Data analysis and data preparation are useful in alike and include the following steps.

Familiarity with the information: Since most quality information is only verbal, the researcher
needs to read the information over and over again to get acquainted with it and seek basic
observations or patterns. This includes copying the data.

By revising research objectives: here, the researcher evaluates research objectives and
identifies questions that can be answered with the information gathered.

Developing a framework: is also known as writing-encoding or indexing, in which the

researcher divides the code into broad concepts, concepts, characteristics or phrases. Coding
helps to organize and label the data.

Dividing diagrams and networks: After the information is recorded, the researcher can
identify topics, search for the most common answers to questions, identify information or
patterns that can answer research questions, and search for additional browsing sites.

.5. WORK PLAN

Table 3. 1 Time schedule of the project

Activities Time taken

Collect data and Gather Requirements for the 1 week

proposal

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 Analyze the requirements 1 week

.6. Project Budget

Table 3. 2 Budget of the proposal

No Resource Amount Price per unit price

1 computer 1 free free
2 paper 6 0.50 3.0
3 water 3 12 36
4 pen 1 10 10

.7. Conclusion
As more WKUs build their own campus networks and the application of campus networks
expands, network security networks will inevitably run smoothly and improve their performance.
How to make WKU networks more efficient is an important issue. The article introduces and
analyzes many situations and possibilities that threaten the security of WKU networks and
provides advice on how to build WKU networks from management and techniques.

REFERENCES

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