Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research

University of Sulaimani
College of Commerce
Department of Information Technology
Second Class
Subject Name: Computer Architecture

Diet website

Submitted By
Marya Jabar
Lanya Yousif

Submitted To
Sardasht mahmood

2020-2021
Introduction:
Obesity is becoming a major health problem worldwide, in the recent years the number
of overweight people has increased significantly, that is why the importance of diets and
weight loss guides is increasing, that is when people nowadays are gaining more caution
about their health ,therefore the need for an online diet planning website appears, The
Online Diet Planning System is a web based application system . It is a system which can
help the user to manage their daily diet or food intake that is suitable for their body
needs. It will calculate the user's Daily Calorie Requirement (DCR). Then, from the results,
the system will suggest the suitable dietary intake for the user. This is based from their
needs. So, it will help the user to choose what kind of food servings those are suitable for
their body. It will be easier for the user to plan their daily diet better. Therefore, this
system will track the users' nutrition needs and body condition, and then guide them to
have a better diet management and food intake for their body. for developing this
website we will use the APF method . Adaptive Project Framework (APF), also known as
Adaptive Project Management (APM), accommodates the unknown factors that can crop
up during a project. It prepares teams to anticipate the unexpected and respond. Think
of its core principle as "learning by doing. The aim of this website is to help people lose
weight in order to stay healthy, we are going to do this through many features such as
providing recipes, planning food and workouts, and calorie intakes. Developing this
website is important because it addresses one of the common problems of these days.
 Methodology:-
with the development of technology and its control over almost every aspect of our
lives, people are trying to find solutions for their problems on the internet, weight loss
approaches and maintaining health is considered one of the solutions that people are
trying to find online, as shown some of the studies hat shows statistics about the
people who are using diet and nutrition websites that was made in the US among
different ages when they were asked about their willingness to use a website to track
their diet as shown in the chart below.
U.S. adults that would use an app to track diet and nutrition 2017, by age

Published by Alexander Kunst, Dec 20, 2019

as we can see from the previous chart even in 2017 people were still willing to use
those apps now in our current years there will be better interactions with these type
of websites. As it is shown in the chart below that shows statistics about the leading
fitness apps by the number of downloads, in 2021.
Leading health and fitness apps in the Google Play Store worldwide in April 2021, by
number of downloads.
 Published by Statista Research Department, May 18, 2021

As we can see from the previous chart the number of downloads of these apps are high
even in 2021, so from this we conclude that building a diet website is worth trying. This
development will be by using the adaptive framework methodology. So here the
question is what is the adaptive methodology?

What the adaptive framework?

The definition of the adaptive project framework, according to Dr. Wysocki in his book is “Managing
Complexity in the Face of Uncertainty, came about because of two client engagements with two things
in common: the goals were clearly known, but the solutions were not”. Another definition will be that it
is a systematic and structured process that enables you to improve your practices and decisions
gradually. You will learn from the outcomes of the decisions you made during prior stages of the
project and from previous projects. As you may have gathered by the name, it is all about adapting to
the needs of the business so that you can ultimately add value with project deliverables. The AFP
method was created to constantly adapt to the changing environment of a project. Thus, nothing is
fixed with this approach – neither the duration of the project, nor the budget, nor the risks, and it is
possible to continually adjust everything according to changes in the characteristics of the project .and
– the client must be fully involved in the management of the project from start to finish, and your team
must maintain a relationship of trust based on exchanges. There were reasons that made this project
management methodology suitable for our needs as explained below.

 Why Choose Adaptive Project Framework Methodology?

 The main reason to choose Adaptive Project Framework Methodology is if you know what you want
to achieve but, you don’t know how to achieve it just yet. Therefore, there is an end goal, but the
nature of the requirements for this end goal is still unclear. Arguably, this could be almost any project
depending on your viewpoint – as no project hardly ever has a fixed outcome that goes unchanged
throughout the project. The one area of exception is construction – because there is usually little
flexibility in the order and outcome of a project. and that is what we believe in for a diet website
because we accept the idea that all projects are unique therefore, we chose the Adaptive Project
Framework. Although in this framework the iterative process of five steps feels fixed, the point is that
this framework is flexible. The variables for the framework will change – whether it is the nature of the
environment, the characteristics of the project, the business life cycle, the profile of the team or the
profile of the client. It can also change dependent on the technologies available to support the
endeavor, which might occur in our website since we are trying to provide the best so we believe that
there might be areas where we will change features or anything else as required and if it was
necessary. Thus these were the reasons behind choosing the adaptive project framework, but there
were other methodologies that we didn’t choose because of the following reasons.

Methodologies that we didn’t choose and the reasons behind not

choosing them
1. Waterfall: the waterfall development drawback is that it does not allow much
reflection or revision. Once an application is in the testing stage, it is very difficult to
go back and change something that was not well-documented or thought upon in
the concept stage. And it also Excludes the client and/or end user As an internal
process, the Waterfall methodology focuses very little on the end user or client
involved with a project. Which is not suitable for us since in our case we might
change things and we need to satisfy our users to convince them to stay as a regular
user.

2. Critical Path Method (CPM): No flexibility: Like the Waterfall method, CPM is front-
heavy. You need to plan everything out at the very start. If there are any changes, it
makes the entire schedule irrelevant. Which is not suitable for our project that might
involve modification during development.
3. Feature driven development: Not an ideal methodology for smaller projects, so it is not
good for an individual software developer. Which in our case we are 2 individual
software developers. No written documentation is provided to clients in this
methodology, so they are not able to get proof for their software.
The 5 phases of Adaptive Project
Management
1. Project scope

Develop Conditions of Satisfaction (CoS)

The first step in the scoping phase is to identify the conditions of satisfaction for the project.
In other words, stakeholders need to define what the project’s goals are and what a
successful outcome looks like.

Write Project Overview Statement (PoS)

The Project Overview Statement is the deliverable from the CoS. This document outlines the
final approved CoS signed by all stakeholders.If the scope or goals of the project evolve,
adjust the PoS to accommodate the changing CoS. Don’t forget to keep all stakeholders
involved in the iteration to ensure everyone is on the same page.

Prioritize requirements

Prioritizing the requirements of the project further defines the scope of the project and also
designates the order of implementation.

There are a few ways to prioritize requirements, but the basic approach is to collaborate
with stakeholders to organize the requirements into weighted designations (high, medium,
low) with numerical values.

However, keep in mind that while stakeholders should be involved in this process, the
analyst and project manager should guide the discussion to ensure priorities are realistically
assigned. 

For instance, it’s common for a stakeholder to list most requirements as critical. To avoid
this pitfall, consider these questions as you go:

 What are the consequences for the business objective if we omit this requirement?
 Is there an existing system or process that could compensate?
 Is there any reason we can't defer this requirement until the next release?
With careful prioritization, your team can focus on the right tasks at the right time.

Develop Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)

A WBS breaks the project components and processes down further into manageable
sections. It provides both the framework for cost estimating and control as well as guidance
for schedule development.

Work Breakdown Structure Template

Prioritize Scope Triangle

The final step in the scoping phase is to evaluate and prioritize the “Scope Triangle.” The
Scope Triangle is a model of your project’s quality constraints: cost, schedule, and scope. To
prioritize the constraints of your project, classify the limits as “inflexible,” “adaptable,” or
“may concede.”

Inflexible constraints are critical to the project and have little leeway. Adaptable constraints
are negotiable and have some flexibility but should be optimized as much as possible. And
“may concede” indicates an area where trade-offs are possible to compensate for the other
constraints.

For instance, Project A might have a strict timeline but a flexible budget. Or Project B may
need certain features (affecting the scope), but the timeline is adaptable.

2. Cycle plan

With your project scoped out, the next phase is planning. This cycle has four basic steps:

 Define tasks from WBS

 Establish dependencies
 Group and assign tasks
 Schedule work
Your goal during this phase is to further define and plan the tasks you’ll be implementing
during the development phase.
This step includes breaking down individual tasks from the WBS, identifying task
dependencies (or the order in which the tasks need to be completed), assigning out the
work to team members, and scheduling the deadlines and timeframes for each portion of
the project.

3. Cycle build

Once your project is scoped and planned, you’re ready to dig in and start developing. There
are several key components to this phase:

 Beginning work
 Monitoring and adjusting the cycle build
 Ending the cycle at planned completion time
 Scheduling incomplete functionalities for the next cycle
 Recording all change requests/ideas for improvement
 Recording and tracking all problems
In a TPM project, the scheduled completion date can be moved back to meet a deliverable.
But in adaptive development methodology, if a deadline expires, the deliverable is put aside
and reprioritized for the next cycle.

4. Client checkpoint

The client checkpoint phase is a crucial part of the Adaptive Project Framework. This is the
time to check in with the client to review the quality of the functionality delivered in the
build cycle.

Based on this evaluation, the client and project manager will work together to schedule any
adjustments or course corrections needed for the next iteration.

At this point, the process repeats itself until the project budget has been expended. In other
words, the team returns to the planning cycle through the build and checkpoint phases until
the project is complete.

5. Final review

At the end of an APF project, managers and stakeholders meet to evaluate the success of
the project, note what was learned, and define any improvements for the process in the
future.
 Project Scope :After mentioning the problems above, the deliverable of the project is a
fitness mobile application called Digital Fitness Diary for Healthy Lifestyle in which the users
can use the app to keep track of their exercise, food, and water statistics such as calories,
distance travelled, nutrients consumed, volume of water intake, and so forth. Meanwhile,
tons of information will be available in the mobile application so that the users can be
provided with useful as well as helpful tips and tricks about health to make their life
healthier than before. There are more details for modules and features involved in this
project as shown below:

Features diet website :-

1. Registration and personal accounts
2. Meal planning
3. exercise diet plan
4. Recipes :With the recipes created (and put to the test) by our in-house team of professional chefs
and nutritionists, we can promise you that healthy eating is delicious.
5. food intake.
6. calories consumed.
7. calories burned during activities.
8. remaining calories available for consumption throughout the day, based on individual goals.
9. sources of the day's calories.
10.total consumed carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
11.specific nutrients such as fiber, saturated and trans fats, sugar, and cholesterol.
12.water intake.
13.body weight.
14.exercise and fitness goals.
15.Healthy food search.
16.Select bodyshape.
17.Chanlleng for diet.
18.Feedback : Feedback section is a must for any website and Diet & Nutrition App is no exception. To
receive feedback from your users is application usefull for diet ,The feedback will be visible to the
website users.
Project Objectives The project objectives are fairly straightforward, the first objective is that the users
will be able to keep track of their current exercise, food, and water statistics through continuous usage
of the app, this means that the all data about their health, will be logged and saved into the database
for further process and then display to the users when it is needed. The users can have a better idea
about their lifestyle since they can keep track and view the stored data in organized form. There are 3
main modules in the app, which are Water, Exercise, as well as Food module that aim to support and
aid the users to practice a healthy lifestyle because each section log and provides different kind of
information to the users. Likewise, the second objective is to help the users to practice consistent
exercise routines as well as keep their diet right for every meal according to the result analyzed from
the data stored in the database by motivating them through extrinsic motivation. Apparently, that will
be a huge problem if people eat whatever they want and consume excess calories every day yet they
do not carry out sufficient amount of exercise, obesity as well as other chronic diseases are coming for
them sooner or later. The truth is human eats only as much as the body needs and should feel satisfied
instead of stuffed at the end of a meal (Robinson, Segal Ph.D. and Segal, 2017). Basically the users can
also create reminders in order to remind them to do certain tasks which are quite handy if they are
worried of forgetting routines that need to be done. Eventually, the major problem that will be
addressed through this project is the lack of information and motivation. People often do not provided
with ample amount of information so that they could always stick with the latest health information
and get a clear sense of direction in terms of what needs to be done as well as how to accomplish
it.For instance, the users can complete a set of exercise through steps by steps instructions as shown
in Figure 1.1 which demonstrates the indoor exercise section in the app. Furthermore, they also feel
that exercise is boring and lack of fun as well. Thus one of the objectives of this project is to supply
functions and information such as health articles that is more than enough for the users to practice a
healthy lifestyle by providing them a functional mobile application to handle the tasks. Additionally,
the concept of gamification like leaderboard will also be added into the app to increase the extrinsic
motivation and diminish the boredom of the users so that they will be motivated to practice healthy
lifestyle consistently by using the app. For clarification, behavior that is driven by external rewards
called extrinsic motivation can be raised through the in game achievements (Cherry, 2016). Perhaps
after implementing the features mentioned above, the users will be motivated and excited to practice
a healthy lifestyle day in day out. As a matter of fact, health and quality life indeed can be improved by
including appropriate amounts of physical activity in daily lives (United States Department of Health
and Human Services, 1996).
Reference:-
1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5764193/
2. http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/4240/1/FARAH_BT_ABDULLAH.PDF
3. https://www.lucidchart.com/blog/what-is-adaptive-project-
framework#:~:text=Adaptive%20Project%20Framework%20(APF)%2C,anticipate
%20the%20unexpected%20and%20respond.&text=This%20requires%20regular
%20communication%20with,the%20team%20to%20effectively%20adapt
4. https://m.mu.edu.sa/sites/default/files/content/2018/12/SAUDI%20DIET
%20%20APPLICATION%20REPORT%20.pdf
5. https://www.statista.com/statistics/690887/leading-google-play-health-
worldwide-downloads/
6. https://www.statista.com/statistics/698919/us-adults-that-would-use-an-app-to-
track-their-diet-by-age/
7. https://www.lucidchart.com/blog/what-is-adaptive-project-framework
8. https://www.lucidchart.com/blog/pros-and-cons-of-waterfall-methodology
9. https://www.parallelprojecttraining.com/adaptive-project-framework-
explained/
10.https://www.workamajig.com/blog/project-management-methodologies
11.https://activecollab.com/blog/project-management/adaptive-project-
management
12.https://www.tatvasoft.com/blog/top-12-software-development-methodologies-
and-its-advantages-disadvantages/
13.https://airfocus.com/glossary/what-is-adaptive-software-development/
14.