A PERCEPTION ON ACCOUNTING STRATEGIES IN THE 

ESTABLISHMENT

OF AN EFFECTIVE ACCOUNTING SYSTEM

FOR THE COMPANY 

Shaira Mae M. Obliga

 Ryan Christopher Ordoña

Submitted to the Faculty of the Accountancy Department, Lyceum of

Subic Bay, in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the

subject, Accounting Research

December 2021
 ACCEPTANCE AND APPROVAL SHEET

This thesis entitled “Perception on Accounting Strategies in the Establishment of an

Effective Accounting System for the Company” prepared by Shaira Mae Obliga and Ryan

Christopher Ordoña in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of

Science in Accountancy has been examined and recommended for acceptance and approval.

Prof. Ramaica H. Ona, MBA, Ed.D

Research Adviser

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers would like to thank their adviser, Prof. Ramaica H. Ona,

MBA, Ed.D who gave them the golden opportunity to do this wonderful research on the

topic “Perception on Accounting Strategies in the Establishment of an Effective Accounting

System for the company”, which helped them in doing a lot of study and they came to know

and learned about so many things. Without her guidance and advice this research too, would not

have been completed or written.

  They would also like to express their very profound gratitude to their dean, Prof. Elmar

Parpan, CPA for guiding and providing them the support they have needed to produce and

complete the thesis. 

The researchers express their gratitude to their friends, family and other acquaintances for

providing them with unfailing support and continuous encouragement throughout their years of

study and through the process of researching. 

Finally, the researchers would like to thank our Creator, for giving them strength,

knowledge, and motivation to finish and fulfill this study. May God bless us all.

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 ABSTRACT

This study was primarily conducted to find out the perception on accounting strategies in

the establishment of an effective accounting system for the company for the year 2016.

A total of 10 accountant-respondents were included from the selected companies at Subic

Bay Metropolitan Authority (SBMA) Also, the accounting clerk, accountants and accounting

managers of the selected company were considered as respondents for the profile of the

company. Quantitative method of research is applied and the questionnaire is the main

instrument and supported with documentary analysis. Purposive sampling was used in choosing

the respondents since the respondents select individuals as samples according to the purposes of

the researcher as his controls. The procedures used in the data analysis were Frequency

Distribution and Percentage, and Weighted Mean.

Findings revealed that dominant age group in this study is from ages 20 to 39 years old.

This may imply that this age group dominates the perception on accounting strategies and its

relationship to their accounting system. Both male and female population has 50% accountant-

respondents. The college category for level of education dominates the accountant-respondents.

80% of the total respondents graduated with a degree in Accountancy. While, 20% has a degree

in Business Administration. This indicates that although not required, most accountants attend

college and earn a bachelor’s degree because an accountant requires advanced education,

formal certification and a firm commitment to learning the trade. Knowing

the respondents educational level is necessary because accounting is a very complex task to do,

and by determining their courses we can identify whether accounting courses or other related

courses are relevant when establishing a good accounting system in an organization. Majority of

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the accountant-respondents has already 4-6 years of experience. Knowing your respondents level

of experience is a must in establishing a good accounting system because every group has varied

expectation as to what is accounting strategy and accounting system affects and helps an

organization.

As shown in the results of the study, the majority of the descriptive rating were between

very good and excellent and yet there are varied perceptions on the relationship of accounting

strategies in the establishment of effective accounting system. Thus, in measuring the level of

relationship between their companies’ accounting strategies and accounting system, it can be

inferred that a good accounting system is connectable with a company’s asset and inventory

management. With complete, accurate, and real-time reports, stakeholders will be able to make

better financial decisions for the company. They can find out what processes cost the most, and

they reduce the costs later. They can also decide whether the company is financially ready to

invest, expand, hire more employees, try new marketing strategies, and so on.

In view of the conclusions, the following recommendations are drawn: Accounting is a

very complex job to do. Regarding the results of the data that we gathered, it is best to employ an

individual who will be working in the accounting depart that has undergone to a program which

is inclined in the job description of being in accounting department such as Bachelor of science

in Accountancy or Bachelor of science in Business Administration major in Financial

management. Also we recommend to take advantage of those who has longer working

experience and training in regards to the accounting profession as result to the study that

organizations have a better accounting system and effective accounting strategies because they

employs more experience and trained individuals. Age and gender should not be considered as a

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criteria because the study shows that age and gender does not affect the performance of the

organization in terms of establishing a good accounting system.

Researchers would like to recommend that organizations, firms, or entity to use

accounting system and strategies in regards on updating their chart of account, maintaining their

book of accounts, establishing their accounting policies and procedures, invoices and receipts of

all the transaction along with manual accounting system as a back up because the study shows

that these criteria has a relationship on establishing a good accounting system that will help the

company on all their accounting transaction and activities. Having a good accounting system and

strategy will help the organization grow and nurture its strengths against its competitors as it will

also elevates the cash flow, cash disbursements, cash receipts and all investing capabilities of the

organization.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

           Page

TITLE PAGE……….……………………………..........……….       i

APPROVAL SHEET………………………………………………. ii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT…………………………………………...    iii 

ABSTRACT…………………………………………………………     iv 

TABLE OF CONTENTS...…………………………………………..                      vii

LIST OF TABLES………………………………………………….. ix

LIST OF FIGURES …………………………………………………             xi

CHAPTER

1 INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study……………………. 1

Significance of the Study…….……………… 4

Statement of the Problem…………………… 5

Scope and Delimitation.………………….…. 7

2 FRAMEWORK OF THE STUDY

Review of Related Literature………………. 8

Conceptual Framework……………………. 10

Hypothesis………………………………… 11

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 Operational Definition of Terms…………... 11

3 METHODOLOGY  

Research Design …………………………... 15

Respondents………….…………………… 16

Location…..………………………………. 17

Instruments………………………………. 18

Data Gathering Procedures………………. 18

Data Analysis Procedures………………… 18

4 PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

Profile of the Respondents…………………… 21

Accounting System ………….…………….. 25

Relationship of the Accounting Strategies with

the Accounting System Employed by the Company 34

Is there a significant Relationship between the

accounting strategies when grouped according to     38

5 SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary…………………………………………              43

Conclusions………………………………………       

Recommendations ………………………………..       

REFERENCES……………………………………………………

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APPENDICES…………………………………………………….

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE       PAGE

1 Frequency And Percentage Distribution of the 

Respondents when Grouped According to Age 21

2 Frequency And Percentage Distribution of the 

Respondents when Grouped According to Gender 22

3 Frequency And Percentage Distribution of the 

Respondents when Grouped According to Level of Education 23

4 Frequency And Percentage Distribution of the 

Respondents when Grouped According to Level of Experience 24

5 Which of the following best describes the accounting system? 25

6 How your financial reports prepared 26

7 How often are financial reports prepared 27

8 Does your organization have regular audits which you pay for?   28

9 How often are audits performed?   29

10 What type of audit is performed?   30

11 Are all accounting entries supported by documentation

that gave rise to the transaction?  30

12 Are record keeping duties for the receipt and

the payment of cash separated 31

13 Are timesheets kept for each paid employee? 31

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 14 Do you issue an employment letter or contract

which includes the employee’s salary? 32

15 Do you keep invoices, vouchers and timesheets for

all payments made from subgrant funds? 33

16 Mean and Descriptive Rating of the accounting strategies

with the accounting system employed by the company:

Chart of Accounts 34

17 Mean and Descriptive Rating of the accounting strategies

with the accounting system employed by the company:

Books of Accounts Maintained 35

18 Mean and Descriptive Rating of the accounting strategies

with the accounting system employed by the company:

Written Accounting Procedure 36

19 Mean and Descriptive Rating of the accounting strategies

with the accounting system employed by the company:

Invoices, vouches and receipts for accounting transaction 37

20 Mean and Descriptive Rating of the accounting strategies

when grouped according to Level of Experience 38

21 Mean and Descriptive Rating of the accounting strategies

when grouped according to Computer Literacy 39

22 Mean and Descriptive Rating of the accounting strategies

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 when grouped according to Level of Education 40

23 Mean and Descriptive Rating of the accounting strategies 41

when grouped according to Age and Gender

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE PAGE

1 Paradigm of the Research Process..........................................25

2 Research Locale Map…..........................................................34

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