Individual Project (ENGD3800)

INDIVIDUAL PROJECT
(ENGD3800)
FINAL PROJECT REPORT

Development of mobile device for attendance management
through biometric data acquisition
STUDENT REGISTRATION : P2623489

SUPERVISOR : MR DUMINDA WIJESINGHE
DATE : 05.09.2021
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DECLARATION
I, Ahazy Hosious Sekaram Weniton, declare that this report and the work presented in this
are my own and it has been generated by me as the result of my own original research.
Title of the Report: Multifunctional smart shoe cabinet
I confirm that:
(1). This report has not been submitted previously by anyone for a degree at this
University or any other institution.
(2). The published work of others has been consulted; this is always clearly attributed.
(3). The work of others is quoted appropriately; and the source is given.
(4). Acknowledgement of all other sources of help has been done.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I hereby use this opportunity to thank everyone that helped me directly or indirectly for the
progression of the final year project.
I would like to thank SKILLS COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY for providing me with the
necessary guidance throughout the academic year for improvement of my final year
project. I would like to give my special thanks to our supervisor of the project Mr.
Duminda Wijesinghe for giving us this splendid opportunity to work under him and
guiding me to taste the real flavor of engineering. I do extend my heartiest thanks to our co
supervisors for guiding me throughout the time period and pointing me in the correct
direction.
Finally, I would like to thank every individual who I may have not been able to mention
above that provided the slightest support to make progress throughout my final project.
Thank you
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ABSTRACT
“Development of mobile device for attendance management through biometric

data acquisition.” is the title of this research project and title itself aware the reader
about the final goal of this research. To achieve this final goal an organized and a
reliable methodology will be followed.
At present SKILLS COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY (SCOT) uses a conventional

exam attendance management system which includes student identity card checking
and signature taking. Once this proposed device is implemented it can be used to
replace the manual attendance taking process. Also this device can be used to store
the data related to each student and their respective grades during each semester.
Finally, device will generate a list of students who are eligible for mid semester and
end semester examinations. Also this device has the capability of generating a list of
students present during a particular examination.
A Raspberry pi based customized system will be developed to control the device.

MySQL database will be developed to store the data and this database will be linked
with Kivy and a cross platform app will be developed to retrieve, store, process and
analyze data. Device is designed in a user friendly way so that students and lecturers
can easily handle it.Once this portable device is connected to a personal
computer(PC) or a laptop a list of students present during the class can be observed
or can get printed. Device can be connected to a PC via Ethernet port or via Wi-Fi.
Apart from the attendance list, statistical data regarding the student attendance can be
observed. Academic staff can log through the „Administrator login‟ of the web
server and can observe the attendance of each student separately. This device is an
ideal equipment to restore the 80% attendance concept which could not be
implemented through traditional attendance sheets. Furthermore, statistical data
provided through this system would be more important in taking managerial
decisions as well
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Table of Contents
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.............................................................................................
ABSTRACT.....................................................................................................................
LIST OF FIGURES.........................................................................................................
CHAPTER 1......................................................................................................................
INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................................
1.1 Background............................................................................................................................................
1.2 Statement of the Problem.....................................................................................................................
1.3 Objective of the Research......................................................................................................................
1.4 Scope.....................................................................................................................................................
1.5 Organization of the thesis......................................................................................................................
CHAPTER 2......................................................................................................................
LITERATURE REVIEW..................................................................................................
2.1 Information............................................................................................................................................
2.2 Summary................................................................................................................................................
CHAPTER 3....................................................................................................................
METHODOLOGY..........................................................................................................
3.1 Concepts..............................................................................................................................................
3.2 Methods...............................................................................................................................................
3.2.1 Fingerprint Preprocessing and Minutiae extraction................................................12
3.2.2 Development of a local web server and linking it with MySQL databases...............14
3.2.3 Development of a database server to store student data..............................................17
3.2.4 Implementing GUI (Graphical user interface) for generate summary.....................18
CHAPTER 4....................................................................................................................
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION......................................................................................
4.1 MySQL database..................................................................................................................................
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4.2 Design (Solid works) and Wiring..........................................................................................................
4.3 GUI (Graphical User Interface).............................................................................................................
CHAPTER 5....................................................................................................................
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENTATIONS.............................................................
5.1 Conclusion...........................................................................................................................................
5.2 Outcome of this Project.......................................................................................................................
5.3 Future Work and Expectations.............................................................................................................
BIBLIOGRAPHY/REFERENCES.................................................................................
Appendix A......................................................................................................................................................
1. Registration.py....................................................................................................................43
Appendix B.......................................................................................................................................................
1. Soliworks.........................................................................................................................45
Appendix C.......................................................................................................................................................
Appendix D......................................................................................................................................................
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1 Communication Architecture of the Developed System.........................................2

Figure 2 Appearance of Final portable device(Without dimensions)....................................3
Figure 3 Fingerprint recognition & authentication...............................................................11
Figure 4 General Attendance Register for an examination..................................................13
Figure 5 Appearance of the index page of the web server before editing This default page is
edited depending on the purpose of this research................................................................15
Figure 6. CGI Architecture diagram.....................................................................................15
Figure 7 Communication architecture of the proposed system............................................18
Figure 8 PHPMyAdmin interface.........................................................................................21
Figure 9 Raspberry Pi with Display.....................................................................................22
Figure 10 Raspberry pi 3 model B board.............................................................................23
Figure 11 5 inch TFT touch screen......................................................................................23
Figure 12 GT521F52 fingerprint Scanner............................................................................23
Figure 13 2500 mAh battery................................................................................................24
Figure 14 Raspberry pi UPS hat board.................................................................................24
Figure 15 Hardware Arrangement........................................................................................25
Figure 16 Outer casing with hardware components fixed inside (Side view)......................25
Figure 17 Bottom view of the outer casing..........................................................................26
Figure 18 Side view of the outer casing...............................................................................26
Figure 19 Top view of the lower casing...............................................................................27
Figure 20 Bottom view of the lower casing.........................................................................27
Figure 21 Lower casing with dimensions.............................................................................28
Figure 22 Front case (Top view)..........................................................................................28
Figure 23 Front case (Bottom view).....................................................................................29
Figure 24 Front case with dimensions..................................................................................29
Figure 25 Second page of the Student login.........................................................................30
Figure 26 Third page of the student login............................................................................31
Figure 27 Second page of Administrator login....................................................................32
Figure 28 The pop up page which appears when a wrong password is entered...................32
Figure 29 Second page of the Administrator login after a successful entry of password....33
Figure 30 Third page of the Administrator login after successful entry of the password.
After the selection of the semester below page appears......................................................33
Figure 31 Weekly attendance data.......................................................................................34
Figure 32 Attendance of students during week 1.................................................................34
Figure 33 Pie charts comparing the present and absent percentages of students during
different weeks.....................................................................................................................35
Figure 34 Individual Attendance details..............................................................................35
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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
GUI Graphical User Interface

SQL Structured Query Language
CGI Common Gateway Interface
PHP Hypertext Preprocessor
RFID Radio Frequency Identification
PEAS Portable Examination Attendance System
OOD Object oriented design
UML Unified Modeling Language
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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
Every organization whether it be an educational institution or business organization, it

has to maintain a proper record of attendance of students or employees for effective
functioning of organization [4] Designing a better attendance management system for
students so that records be maintained with ease and accuracy was an important key
behind motivating this project. This would improve accuracy of attendance records
because it will remove all the hassles of roll calling [6] and will save valuable time of
the students as well as teachers. Image processing and fingerprint recognition are very
advanced today in terms of technology [5]. It was our responsibility to improve
fingerprint identification system.
Fingerprint attendance system aims to automate the attendance procedure of an

educational institution using biometric technology. This will save time wasted on
calling out names and it gives a fool-proof method of attendance marking [4]. A hand-
held device is used to mark the attendance without the intervention of teacher. The
device can be passed and students can mark attendance during the lecture time or can
mark their attendance during an exam. Students would be made to place their finger
over the sensor so as to mark their presence in the event. It can communicate with a
host computer (Raspberry Pi) using its USB interface. This device operates from a
rechargeable battery. GUI application in host computer helps the teacher to manage
the device and attendance.
The main aim is to develop an automated attendance management device to replace

the conventional exam attendance management system available at SKILLS
COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY (SCOT). At present exam attendances are managed
with aid of signing sheets and identity cards and these manual identity card checking
and signing processes waste the time and attention of students facing the exam.
Sometimes Identity cards can be lost or forged and hence accuracy of this manual
checking is less. This proposed device is a solution to most of the problems faced
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during manual attendance checking processes. Also this particular device will help in
evaluating exam eligibility criteria of students and will generate an attendance report
during an exam. Implementation of this device would minimize the errors that would
occur during manual attendance processes and will enhance the accuracy.
Final outcome of this project is a portable device which can be utilized for
lecture/class attendance management at SKILLS COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY
(SCOT). The main controlling unit of this device is a Raspberry pi 3 single board
computer module and the operating system available in raspberry pi 3 is „Raspbian‟.
All other hardware and software components are linked to Raspberry pi and the
communication architecture of the system developed can be represented as follows.
Graphical User Interface of MySQL Database

Portable Device
Raspberry pi 3
Apache Server USB Converter
Web Server Finger Print Scanner
Kivy Software PHPMy Admin
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A database is used to store all related student data and a fingerprint scanner is used to
enroll and process the fingerprint data of students. A graphical user interface is used
for the convenience of the students and it allows students to mark their presence
during a lecture. A web server is developed for the convenience of both students and
lecturers. Students can enroll into the database system with the use of the web server
and it must be noted that this enrollment process is carried out under the supervision
of a responsible person.
Final portable device interacts with students during the attendance taking process.
The graphical user interface of the device is constructed with use of Kivy software.
The data available in the database tables get updated through the response of this
portable device and final updated data can be observed or can get printed with the use
of local web server. Fabrication of the portable device with all design specifications
is the final task of this research and the outer appearance of the built device can be
shown as follows. Below figure does not contain any dimensions and a full figure
with all the dimensions marked is given in chapter 3.
3
5 Inch TFT Screen
Micro USB port
Finger Print
Scanner Ethernet Port USB Ports
Figure 2 Appearance of Final portable device(Without dimensions)
5-inch capacitive screen with a resolution of 800x480 and a finger print scanner with a
capacity of 3000 are used in the final device. Separate buttons are available to switch
on and switch off the device. A USB port and an Ethernet port are available. The
device will be powered with the use of a Raspberry pi UPS hat board and a Lipo
battery will provide power needed for the UPS board.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
The main aim of this study is to develop a portable attendance management device to
replace the conventional attendance taking process followed during classes, exams
and laboratories at Skills College of Technology (SCOT). At present attendance
taking is done with the aid of signing sheets and identity cards and these manual
identity card checking and signing processes waste time and attention of students
during classes and exams. Sometimes identity cards can be lost or forged and hence
accuracy of this manual checking process is less.
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This device is a solution to most of the problems faced by both students and
invigilators during manual attendance checking processes. Students need not to sign
and all they need to do is keeping their finger print on the device once an invigilator
carrying the device visits them or when the device is passed into them.
Invigilators/lecturers need not to bring printed attendance lists to exam halls and
lecture halls and all they need to do is to bring the portable attendance management
device with them. Also invigilators need not to check identity card of each student
during exams and this device will save time and effort of invigilators.
This device makes it possible for the academic staff to obtain statistical attendance
data and finally this data can be used for managerial decision taking as well. Also
lecturers can observe the attendance of individual students and hence 80% lecture
attendance concept can be restored at SKILLS COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY
(SCOT). There is a significant correlation between students‟ attendances and their
academic performances [1] and hence implementation of this device would
contribute towards the enhancement of the student performance as well. Proper
attendance records would show the tendency, commitment and the interest of the
students towards the subject [2]. This will help lecturers to identify their mistakes if
any. Sometimes low interest and low commitment of the students may occur due to
lack of smoothness of a lecture delivery, lack of organization of a lecture or due to
lack of the commitment of the lecturer.
Implementation of this device would minimize the errors that would occur during
manual attendance processes and will enhance the accuracy and efficiency of
attendance checking process. Also this is a low cost attendance management device
when compared with other attendance management devices available in the market
today. This device is well suited for attendance management of a small scale or a
medium scale organization. And this system can easily be modified for any purpose
1.3 Objective of the Research
 Develop an automated system for managing examinations at Skills College

of Technology (SCOT)
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 Design and development of a user friendly portable electronic device
capable of reading student fingerprint data.
 Design and implementation of a system to set communication between the
portable device and a remotely located device to verify student data.
 Design and implementation of a system to generate a list of students eligible
for a particular examination
 Generate a list of students present at a particular examination in a Graphical
user interface.
1.4 Scope
There are mainly four scopes in this project. They are,
1. Fingerprint authentication & recognition.

2. Database management.
3. Graphical user interface development.
4. Hardware implementation & fabrication.
Fingerprint authentication & recognition involves storing new fingerprint in scanners’

in-built memory & when a fingerprint is given finding the similar fingerprint template
that is already existing in the database. For that a python library is developed.
Database management is done using local webserver & phpmyadmin. Graphical user
interface is developed in kivy platform using combination of python language as well
as kv language. Hardware implementation involves developing a portable device with
rechargeable battery.
This system is a portable device which is designed to manage examinations at

SKILLS COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY (SCOT). This study was carried out in
SCOT engineering faculty.
1.5 Organization of the thesis
This thesis has been organized into seven chapters

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Chapter 1 introduces with our project.
Chapter 2 Covers the critical analysis of similar carried out by others / past studies.
Chapter 3 Explains how the data was collected and the method that was used, explains
the proposed design of attendance management system, explains the fingerprint
identification system used in this project
Chapter 4 Shows the results and the discussing about the results, explains the
performance analysis
Chapter 5 includes conclusion and recommendation, outcome form this project,

introduces proposed future works
Chapter 6 Bibliography
Chapter 7 Appendixes
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CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Information
Analysis of different literature related to research area addressed through the topic
“Exam Attendance Management system” resulted in below facts.
Early days it was the student identity card which has been used for the Exam
Attendance Management. Even now it is the most common procedure followed by
many educational institutes. Initially this system was held manually. With time
researchers became more concerned about developing automated and portable
methods for an efficient Attendance management.
Wahab, Mutalib, Kadir and Mohsin [6] proposed a method of designing and
developing a Portable Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) for Attendance
Systems. In this proposed method they describe about the designing of a Portable
Examination Attendance System (PEAS) in terms of hardware technology and
software. Method introduced through this research can be implemented either on a
computer or on a mobile device.
Attendance systems based on RFID are mostly linked with another database
management system or an information management system. Process proposed by
Eridani and Diponegoro [2] is an example for such systems.
At present the use of biometric attendance systems is the safest method. Among
biometric identification types, fingerprint, iris, retina, facial proportions and voice
identifications play a major role. The maturity of finger print identification technology
ensures the safety and speed of the attendance process and also eliminates the
disadvantages of the student identity card which is easy to be stolen and forged and
easily lost. Some researchers have developed them researches based on this biometric
authentication.
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Finger print based attendance systems are very much reliable and useful when they
are implemented as modular devices. Inclusion of a suitable embedded system is a
must in designing modular devices. Also size of the embedded system and the device
must be kept in a minimum level to increase the user friendliness. Subpratatsavee and
Pubpruankun [3] proposed the designing and implementing of an attendance system
using small wireless fingerprint scanner with an Arduino Yun Embedded board. In
this research Subpratatsavee and Pubpruankun have used an embedded system based
on ATmega32u4 micro controller and AR9331 microprocessor.
Yang, Guiling, Jingfei, Peiyao and Jiangjiang [4] have proposed a new type of student
information management system based on fingerprint identification. Also they have
proposed a secure data encryption method based on an improved AES algorithm. The
proposed system uses a fingerprint identification terminal to collect the fingerprint
information. In order to ensure the safety of student information, the finger print
characteristic value is encrypted and transmitted using the improved AES encryption
algorithm. This process is more reliable and transparent due to proper data
encryptancy.
“The efficiency and reliability of the automatic biometric identification systems

strongly relies on the threshold value set which is the difference between the mean of
intensity of the image under test and the one evaluated and stored in database.
Threshold settings with high precision and accuracy guarantee the quality of results
[5]”. It can be concluded that inclusion of proper preprocessing techniques is critical
part in biometric identification systems. Xudong, Yau and Ser [1] exposed the fact
that performance of an automatic fingerprint verification approach relies heavily on
the quality of the fingerprint image. Accordingly, enhancement of the fingerprint
image is then a crucial step in automatic fingerprint verification.
Adewole, Abdulsalam, Babatunde, Shittu and Oloyede [7] in their research used
Object oriented design (OOD) techniques to develop their proposed fingerprint based
biometric attendance system. As pointed by them OOD is not very much successful in
giving a system wide view of the available data, OOD provides only functional
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models within objects. Solution provided by them is to complement OOD modeling
using the Unified Modeling Language (UML). According [8], UML reduces the
complexity of system during system development and also improve the quality and
efficiency. This was presented in their research based on designing and developing of
computer rank Examination management system for colleges and universities.
The concept of fingerprint attendance system has been proposed by several by several
research groups. L. Jian-po et al. developed a system using wireless technology [9].
They created a database in remote system and the fingerprint data transmitted to the
computer using Zigbee wireless technology. It can provide 30 to 70 meters range if
there is no barrier. So if the class room is not in the range of Zigbee, student cannot
use this devive.
During the 14th century, in China, a European explorer, Joao de Barros recorded the
first known example of fingerprinting, which is a form of biometrics. Chinese
merchants used ink to take children's fingerprints for identification purposes. Oloyede
et al. (2013) carried out an extensive research on applicability of biometric technology
to solve the problem of staff attendance. However, the researchers did not provide any
software to address the problems of attendance. Derawi et al. (2012) proposed an
approach of applying cell phone cameras to capturing fingerprint images and
evaluated up to 1320 fingerprint images from some embedded capturing devices like
Nokia N95. The results indicated that an equal error rate (EER) of 4.5% could be
achieved. In addition, Sin et al. (2012) proposed a template updating system for
fingerprint verification where templates were replaced with matched inputs for a
target structure. The system presented an ERR of 2% after updating in the evaluation
and they further argued that their system was adopted on practical mobile phones in
the commercial market from 2009. [8]
2.2 Summary
This review of relevant aspects of the literature points out the significance of
biometric Attendance systems and addresses different concepts associated with the
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Fingerprint based Attendance systems. This review identifies image processing,
preprocessing and data encryptancy of fingerprint data as a critical part in the
fingerprint based attendance management systems. Also development of an embedded
system is an important step in implementation of a reliable modular device.
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CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY
3.1 Concepts
This research is mainly focused on constructing a prototype of a device which can be

used in exam management or in different attendance management processes. This
prototype will be customized to SCOT, but it can be modified and can be used in any
other organization.
Most of the educational institutions including SCOT use manual exam attendance
management systems like signature keeping and identity card checking. Signature
keeping and identity card checking waste the time and attention students facing the
exams. Also manual attendance management systems are inefficient due to the fact
that identity cards can easily be stolen, forged or lost and signatures can be imitated
sometime.
This device uses a fingerprint identification process to store data. Each individual has
a unique fingerprint pattern and hence accuracy of the data acquired through
fingerprint identification is high. Data storing, analyzing and retrieving processes
associated with this device are efficient and reliable. Accordingly, this proposed
device is a more feasible solution to different problems that occur during manual
attendance management procedures.
3.2 Methods
A biometric thumb impression will be used as the input, and the input will be recorded
in a database for future use. The entered fingerprint will be matched with the pre
stored fingerprint data of the respective user. User will interact with the device
through graphical user interface. For the verification process, the database will
communicate with another database that is remotely located.
1. Fingerprint Preprocessing and Minutiae extraction.

2. Development of a local web server and linking it with MySQL
databases.
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3. Development of a database server to store student data.
4. Implementing GUI (Graphical user interface) for generating
summary.
5. Hardware setup & Communication between databases.
Among these methods I involved in fingerprint recognition & authentication,
development of a database server to store student data, development of a local web
server and linking it with MySQL databases and hardware setup. I completed
development of database server and development of local web server completely by
myself and rest of the tasks were shared with another group member.
3.2.1 Fingerprint Preprocessing and Minutiae extraction.
People have unique personal attributes. Biometrics is individual physiological

characteristics that make a personal identification.
In this device, fingerprint verification is done using extraction of minutiae technique

and the system automates the whole process of taking attendance. Mat lab Software
will be used for preprocessing and Minutiae extraction.
Figure 3 Fingerprint recognition & authentication
Biometrics is the study of unique physical attributes of an individual. The most

popular and widely used biometric identification method is fingerprint recognition.
Fingerprints are unique and remain permanent throughout a person’s life.
Most of the automatic fingerprint recognition systems are based on local ridge
features known as minutiae. Minutiae points are the major features of a fingerprint
image and are used in the matching of fingerprints. These minutiae points are used to
determine the uniqueness of a fingerprint image. A good quality fingerprint image
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can have 25 to 80 minutiae depending on the fingerprint scanner resolution and the
placement of finger on the sensor. Minutiae can be defined as the points where the
ridge lines end or fork. So the minutiae points are the local ridge discontinuities and
can be of many types. Ridge endings and ridge bifurcations are the most commonly
used minutiae types since all other types of minutiae are based on a combination of
these two types.
However, fingerprint images are prone to degradation and corruption due to factors
such as skin variations and impression conditions such as scars, dirt, humidity and
non-uniform contact with the scanning device. Therefore, it is necessary to apply
image enhancement techniques before minutiae extraction process. Finger print
preprocessing is done to enhance the quality of the final fingerprint image.
Minutiae based fingerprint recognition is the most widely used technique of

fingerprint representation and its configuration is highly distinctive. It is more
accurate compared to other correlation based systems and the template size is smaller
in minutiae-based fingerprint representation. In this system, two fingerprints match if
their minutiae points match. Minutiae based fingerprint technique is the backbone of
most currently available fingerprint recognition products.
The fingerprint scanner used in the portable device uses a minutiae based fingerprint
recognition technique to carry out the automatic finger print matching process.
Figure 4 General Attendance Register for an examination
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3.2.2 Development of a local web server and linking it with MySQL databases.
Students can enter their finger print data into the database through a raspberry pi
based local web server. The Apache software is used for the process of web server
development. For the installation of apache in raspberry pi, following codes were
used.
“sudo apt install apache2”

“sudo chown -R pi: www-data /var/www/html/”
“sudo chmod -R 770 /var/www/html/”
Apache is the most widely used web server software and it is developed and
maintained by Apache Software Foundation. Also it is an open source software
available for free. It runs on 67% of all webservers in the world. It is fast, reliable,
and secure. It can be highly customized to meet the needs of many different
environments by using extensions and modules.
The use of raspberry pi as a web server is very much economical. The web hosting
services are not free and users have to pay every month/year, but in the case of
raspberry pi only a connection is needed. In addition, by choosing Raspberry pi, one
has the ability to modify the required services like the size of the disk, the hosting of
the database, unlike the specialized hosts, which often sell shared hosting with low
configuration capacity.
To make raspberry pi web server dynamic PHP can be installed.PHP is a scripting

language that makes a web server dynamic, that is to say that the user sends
information to the server which returns the modified results according to this
information. Conversely, a static server doesn’t adapt to information provided by a
user, information will get saved and always same content is presented.
The installation of PHP in raspbian was done as follows.
“sudo apt install php php-mbstring”
To check whether PHP is working properly, below commands are used.

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“sudo rm /var/www/html/index.html”
“echo “<? php phpinfo () ;> “> /var/www/html/index.php”
To ensure proper communication between MySQL database and Apache server

below process is used. Opening apache2.conf file,
“sudo nano /etc/apache2/apache2.conf”
File is modified by adding below command at the end.
“include /etc/phpmyadmin/apache.conf”
Process is completed through restarting of the apache service.
“sudo /etc/init. d/apache2 restart”

Appearance of the initial web server page can be shown as follows.
Figure 5 Appearance of the index page of the web server before editing This default page is
edited depending on the purpose of this research.
To connect the python code of the fingerprint scanner with the web server CGI
programming is used. The Common Gateway Interface or CGI is a standard for
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external gateway programs to interface with information servers such as HTTP
servers.
Figure 6. CGI Architecture diagram
Four CGI codes are used to connect the fingerprint scanner into four databases. A
sample CGI code is attached in the appendix B.
The initial installation process of the CGI scripts is as follows.

Enabling cgi-mode;
“sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-python”
“sudo a2enmod cgi”
Changing permission for cgi-directory

“sudo chmod 755 /usr/lib/cgi-bin”
To run cgi scripts with .py extension below code needs to be added to
„/etc/apache2/apache2.conf directory‟
“AddHandler cgi-script.py”
Finally, apache needs to be restarted.

“sudo service apache2 restart”
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3.2.3 Development of a database server to store student data.
A SQL database is developed to store and process the student data. MySQL software
is used for the creation of the SQL database. The installation process of the MySQL
and its associated tools in raspbian can be summarized as follows.
 Installation of MySQL in raspberry pi.
“sudo apt-get install mysql-server”
Here the interaction with database is done using python and to enable it below code
can be used.
“sudo apt-get install python-mysqldb”
All the database development activities are carried out through PHPMyAdmin
database management tool. The database development process can be carried out
even without the use of PHPMyAdmin as well, but it is not user friendly and the
process is code based. With PHPMyAdmin databases can be constructed without the
use of codes and it is more flexible and time saving. Even a new user can easily
understand the process.
 Installation of PHPMyAdmin in raspberry pi
The code used to install PHPMyAdmin is given below,
“sudo apt-get install phpmyadmin”
Here the logging into PHPMyadmin is done through a root user. It is password
protected. Four separate databases are developed namely, Year1, Year2, Year3 and
Year4.These databases are used to store the data of first year, second year, third year
and fourth year Electrical engineering students and the modules they follow at Skills
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College of Technology (SCOT). For the testing purpose, only 4th year engineering
modules are implemented and space is kept for other modules.
Student data can be directly obtained from the student database available at Skills
College of Technology (SCOT). Student information of each year is saved to a
separate table called “Student_info‟ and this information is obtained from the
SKILLS COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY (SCOT) student database. Each year has a
separate student_info table. For the initial testing a student sample students from
Electrical 2020 batch was selected.The structure of the „student_info‟ table
Student_info table contains six data fields namely,
1. Position Number
2. Registration Number
3. Student Name
4. Student photo
4. Fingerprint Number
Fingerprint Number stores the number given by the fingerprint scanner. After
enrolling into the system each student gets a unique fingerprint number and this
number gets saved under „fingerprint Number‟ field. This number can be used in the
case when a student fingerprint data is required to be deleted from the system.
3.2.4 Implementing GUI (Graphical user interface) for generate summary.
GUI will be created using Kivy software. GUI will consist of two access modes such
as Guest mode and Administrator mode. Guest mode allows students to register into
the system. The registration will be a self-process or will be done under the guidance
of an academic person if needed. At the time of the registration user needs to press
finger two times. Once the registration is completed student’s details will be save to
the system database. During the time of the examinations, student will be asked to
place his/her finger on the device to mark her attendance.
19
If any fingerprint mismatch occurs at the time of examination, it will be noted by the
device.
Academic staff can create their own usernames and passwords to access this system.
Academic staff will have access to all the details of the students and lecturers can
obtain a list of students present during their module examinations.
3.2.5 Hardware setup & Communication between databases.
Figure 7 Communication architecture of the proposed system
The system will be designed using Raspberry pi single board computer, fingerprint
scanner, LCD touch screen and raspbian operating system. The schematic diagram of
the communication architecture is shown in fig.3. Raspberry pi board communicates
with MySQL database in raspbian operating system. Fingerprint scanner will use USB
protocol for communication. LCD touchscreen will use SPI protocol for
communication with raspberry pi and database through Kivy software.
The final design of the device is done using solid works 2016. Outer casing is a box
containing upper and lower enclosing parts as shown in below figures. Designing of
this outer cover of the device is done step by step as follows.
1. Identification of the most suitable hardware arrangement. (Shown in figure 14

above)
2. Identification of the dimensions of the box needed to enclose all the hardware.
3. Deciding proper thickness and screw size of the box.
Thickness of the designed box is 3mm and screw size is 2mm.
20
4. Designing the lower casing of the box.
5. Designing the upper casing of the box.
CHAPTER 4
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
4.1 MySQL database
This project presents MySQL database for storage of fingerprint data. The
application of the database is for future process, fingerprint matching. MySQL is a
relational database management system (RDBMS) that runs as a server providing
multi-user access to a number of databases. Software is also used for free and open
source cross-platform web server package, consisting mainly of the Apache HTTP
Server, MySQL database, and interpreters for scripts written in the PHP and Perl
programming languages. It is found that this project shows an efficient and practical
data storage of fingerprint.
o Four separate databases as,
 YEAR_1
 YEAR_2
 YEAR_3
 YEAR_4
is used to store data of students.
o Separate tables are available within each database for different study
modules.
Year_1 >>> EC1330 YEAR_2 >> EC2340
Database Name
Year_1 Year_2 Year_3 Year_4

Tables Student_info Student_info Student_info Student_info
Available xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx
xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx
21
Table 1 Structure of the Databases and Associated Tables
o A python code is used to link scanner with MySQL database.

db = MySQLdb.connect("localhost", "root", “1234", "Year_1")
cursor = db.cursor()
Figure 8 PHPMyAdmin interface
This phase involves registration of users. Registration is necessary in order to

uniquely identify each user of the proposed system. Each member is required to
register certain personal information like
 Fingerprint
 Names
 Photo
 Registration Number
The identification accomplished by comparing the input image with stored template in
the database. If both the fingerprints are matched, then if is considered as a positive
match
A local Web Server linked with MySQL database server this is to entering finger print
data into the database. A separate student login is created for students and an
Administrator login is created for the academic staff to enroll into the system. For the
22
linking of the web server into the database a python code is used and once the
password, username and the host name of the database is included in the respective
code, the web server gets connected with the MySQL database server.
4.2 Design (Solid works) and Wiring
Figure 9 Raspberry Pi with Display
This is an appropriate design of the Raspberry Pi Along with the 5 inch fitted with it.
It was designed in order to make the casing and to position the components. The
fingerprint scanner has to placed considering the orientation
Here all the components are assembled so that to minimize the space utilization
fingerprint is placed as to reach it easily and ergonomically. SCOT name is embossed
into the front cover. The edges are champed to a radius of 5 cm. Top, right and left
spacing of the display is set equal to make it more visually pleasant regardless of
space utilization
Here the cutouts for the display and the fingerprint is clearly seen the compensation of
0.5 cm is given to fit the components in place. The water sealed glue is to use to lock
the components.
The case is designed in such way that the inbuilt USB ports, Ethernet Port of the
Raspberry Pi can be accessible. The power to the raspberry pi has to soldered onto the
board to minimize the spacing. The case is made up of ABS plastic.
23
1. Raspberry pi 3 model B board.
Figure 10 Raspberry pi 3 model B board
2. 5 inch TFT Resistive touch screen display (800x480 Resolution).
Figure 11 5 inch TFT touch screen
3. GT521F52 fingerprint scanner.
24
Figure 12 GT521F52 fingerprint Scanner
4. Raspberry Pi UPS HAT Board and 2500mAh Battery.
Figure 13 2500 mAh battery
Figure 14 Raspberry pi UPS hat board
Arrangement of the above components in the final device can be shown as follows.
25
UPS board and 5 inch TFT screen
battery
GT521F52 Finger
print scanner
Raspberry pi 3 board
Figure 15 Hardware Arrangement
Figure 16 Outer casing with hardware components fixed inside (Side view)
26
Figure 17 Bottom view of the outer casing
Ethernet Port
USB ports
Figure 18 Side view of the outer casing
Lower casing is shown transparently in the above figures only to show the interior
hardware components. Lower casing is light blue in color as follows.
27
Height = 30mm
Figure 19 Top view of the lower casing
Figure 20 Bottom view of the lower casing
28
Figure 21 Lower casing with dimensions
Front casing is grey color and it has 4 legs extruded from the surface. These extruded
legs are used to fix the two casings.
Figure 22 Front case (Top view)

29
Figure 23 Front case (Bottom view)
Figure 24 Front case with dimensions.
30
4.3 GUI (Graphical User Interface)
There are several GUI that is used in python. Such that

 Tkinter
 Kivy
 PyQt
 WxPython
Kivy is probably the best one since it is cross-platform and written in python, not a
python wrap over c/c++ code. Kivy software is used to build the Graphical user
interface. Using Kivy is so simple and not so complex. The basic functions and
components are very easy to be called in kivy.
After clicking the “STUDENT LOGIN” button of the index page, below page
appears.
Figure 25 Second page of the Student login.
Above page allows students to select their study year. After selecting the year and
pressing submit button, below page appears.
31
Figure 26 Third page of the student login.
After entering the registration number, “scan the finger” button can be pressed. When
this button is pressed the fingerprint scanner gets activated and white light of the
scanner lights up. Student has to keep his/her finger on the scanner according to the
instructions given in the latter part of the page. After scanning the finger, the
respective student gets a fingerprint number and this finger print number gets saved
into the student info table.
The Administrator login is for academic staff to enroll into system and to get an
attendance list for a particular module and to get statistical data regarding student
attendance.
After clicking the “ADMINISTRATOR LOGIN” button below page appears.
32
Figure 27 Second page of Administrator login
The username and password of the person logging using the Administrator login
must be entered here. Only if the password is correct he/she could continue to obtain
data from the database. If not below page would appear.
Figure 28 The pop up page which appears when a wrong password is entered
After successful entering of the password below page appear.
33
Figure 29 Second page of the Administrator login after a successful entry of password
After the selection of the year below page appears.
Figure 30 Third page of the Administrator login after successful entry of the password. After
the selection of the semester below page appears
The codes used for different pages of the web server are attached under the Appendix
D.
3. Statistical data regarding student attendance.
This designed system provides statistical data regarding student attendance. The
present and absent percentages of students during all 14 weeks of a semester can be
observed through this system.
34
Figure 31 Weekly attendance data
Each pie chart gives details about number of present students and absent students in
the form of a percentage. Below pie charts shows the attendance of students for a
particular module during week 1.14 such pie charts can be obtained for a module
during a semester.
Figure 32 Attendance of students during week 1
Also percentages of the present students in each week is compared and presented in a
pie chart as follows. Similarly, percentages of absent students are presented in
another pie chart as shown in the right corner of the below figure.
35
Figure 33 Pie charts comparing the present and absent percentages of students during
different weeks
Individual attendance data of a student can be obtained as follows.
Figure 34 Individual Attendance details
Once the module is selected and registration number of the student is entered in the
required field, above attendance details can be observed. This details will be very
useful for the lecturers in taking decisions regarding students.
36
CHAPTER 5
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENTATIONS
5.1 Conclusion
Traditionally, manual attendance method, which involves pen, and paper results in
very tedious work. The implementation of an electronic biometric-based method of
attendance management system using wireless connectivity will greatly assist
institutions or any organization and thereby prevents time-consuming processes.
biometric attendance system provides the administrator with easy access to staff
attendance information as well as easy monitoring of monthly attendance summary.
This will improve the net productivity of institutions or any organization. The
proposed system is reliable, secure, efficient, and capable of replacing the traditional
manual and unreliable method of attendance management. It helps to provide
portability, ease of access to user. It also reduces the cost of actual biometric
hardware required by using mobile based scanner. The proposed system can be
improved through the integration of multimodal biometric technologies to provide
more security for the attendance management system.
In recent times, Fingerprint recognition is one of the most popular and accurate
Biometric technologies that is used in many real time applications. Linux based
embedded computer called Raspberry pi is used for the entire work. MySQL and
phpMyAdmin is used for database creation and management. Fingerprint reader
access, authentication and recognition using python were entirely done on raspberry
pi. By using the proposed system, we will be able to overcome the problems of the
manual entry. The final device will be portable device and it has a kivy application
running inside as graphical user interface.
This project mainly comprised of development of attendance management system and

fingerprint identification system. Attendance management is very helpful in saving
valuable time of students and teachers, paper and generating report at required time.
This project presented a framework using which attendance management can be made
automated and on-line.
37
The system proposed through this project is a solution to human errors that could
occur during the manual attendance management and also provides the statistics of
attendance scores for use in further managerial decisions. The student details get
saved to a MySQL database server. The database server can export and import data
from other databases via PHPMyadmin interface. The Graphical user interface of the
device is built using Kivy software. The portable device is designed using solid
works 2016 and printed using a 3D printer and device consists of 2 USB ports and
one Ethernet port and it is powered using Raspberry pi UPS hat and a 2500mAh
battery. If charged fully this battery will last continuously for one hour.
This device is a low cost attendance marking device when compared with other
expensive attendance management devices available in the market today. And device
can be modified according to user requirements when needed. Also this device
provides statistical data regarding the attendances and this statistical data can be
further improved and used in decision making. This device is ideal for a small
institutes and also can be modified for the use of larger organizations as well.
Many design constraints need to be taken into consideration when designing this
portable device. The size of the final device is not very user friendly. Due to the
square shape of the device it becomes difficult for the users to handle it. To minimize
size, 5inch screen can be replaced with a 3.5-inch screen and finger print scanner can
be placed just below the screen. With the current hardware arrangement, fingerprint
scanner cannot be placed below the screen. The HDMI connection between the
screen and the raspberry pi makes it difficult to reduce the width of the device. To
use the device without reducing the size of the screen to 3.5 inch, the two HDMI
ports of the raspberry pi and screen needs to be soldered together. This soldering
needs to be done by a professional person, if carried out carelessly it would damage
both the raspberry pi and the screen.
5.2 Outcome of this Project
1 A Scientific approach was developed during project work.
38
2 Skills and self-confidence in coding and working with software like Solid
works was developed.
3 An applicable attendance management system was designed for educational
organizations. Ideas were presented for making whole system online using 3G
mobile technology.
4 An improved and faster fingerprint identification system was developed for
student identification purpose.
5 The future expectations from this project is to actually implement such system
for one or more classes if sufficient funds are provided to us.
5.3 Future Work and Expectations
Regarding our fingerprint identification system, we are planning introduce more

indexing techniques like ridge density tolerance etc. for making the search faster,
Also the key used will be more efficient when complex key will be used. We are
trying to reduce matching error rates. The problem of using wireless LAN is that
wireless device are costly and implementation is hard because the wireless devices
work in small area. Our institute SCOT is spread over large area so we may not use
wireless network now. As an alternative, we may use mobile networks which would
be sufficient suitable because now-a-days 3G/4G networks provide much speed. It
would meet necessary throughput and data fetching speed required
A website will be hosted on the server for online access to attendance reports. For this
purpose, html, JSP or ASP dotnet would be used.
Fingerprint identification system will be improved further using more indexing

techniques like ridge density tolerance etc. Instead of using database available on
internet, we would be using database of students.
39
BIBLIOGRAPHY/REFERENCES
1. Xudong Jiang, Wei Yun Yau and Wee Ser, “Fingerprint Image Processing for
Automatic Verification,” in Proc. IEEE 2nd International Conference on
Information, Communication & Signal Processing,1999,pp.1-5
2. Dania Eridani and Eko Didika Diponegoro, “Simulation of Attendance

Application on
Campus based on RFID (Radio Frequency Identifiation),” in Proc.ICITACEE,
2015, pp.460463
3. Puchong Subpratatsavee and Narinwat Pubpruankun, “A Design and

Implementation of Attendance System Using Smallest Wireless Fingerprint with
Arduino Yún Embedded
Board Puchong.” Applied Mechanics and Materials, vols.752-753, pp.1057-1061,
2015
4. Pengtao Yang, Guiling Sun, Jingfei He, Peiyao Zhou and Jiangjiang Liu, “A
Student
Information Management System Based on Fingerprint Identification and Data
Security Transmission.” Hindawi Journal of Electrical and Computer
Engineering, vol 2017, pp.1-6, September 2017.
5. Esther Rani.D and Dr. J. John Raybin Jose, “Fingerprint based biometric
authentication.”
International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing, vol.5, Issue 9,
pp. 6-15, September 2016
6. Mohd Helmy Abd Wahab, Ariffin Abdul Mutalib, Herdawatie Abdul Kadir and
Mohamad
Farhan Mohamad Mohsin, “Design and Development of Portable RFID for
Attendance System”, 2010, pp.173-178
40
7. Adewole K.S, Abdulsalam S.O, Babatunde R.S, Shittu T.M and Oloyede M.O,
“Development of Fingerprint Biometric Attendance System for Non-Academic
Staff in a Tertiary Institution.” Computer Engineering and Intelligent Systems,
vol.5, pp.62-70 2014
8. Zhenya Sun and Zhendong Gao, “Design and Development of Computer Rank
Examination Management System for Colleges and Universities.” Applied
mechanics and materials, vols.556-562, pp.6746-6749
9. L. X LI Jian-po, ZHU Xu-ning and Z. Zhi-ming, “Wireless fingerprint attendance
system based on zigbee technology,” in 2nd International Workshop on Intelligent
System and Application (ISA), May 2010, pp. 1-4
10. Newman-Ford, L.E., Fitzgibbon, K., Llyod, S. & Thomas, S.L., “A Large-Scale
Investigation into the Relationship between Attendance and Attainment: A Study
Using an Innovative, Electronic Attendance Monitoring System.” Studies in

Higher Education, 33(6), pp. 699-717, 2008
11. Mazza, R. & Dimitrova, V., “Visualising student tracking data to support
instructors in web-based distance education.” Proceedings of the 13th
International World Wide Web Conference on Alternate Track Papers & Posters
Press, pp.154-161, New York: USA, 2004
12. Marr, Liz & Lancaster, Guy, “Attendance System”, Learning and Teaching in
Action, 4 (1), pp. 21-26, 2005
13. Anuradha Garg, S. S. Goswami, R. R. Kharat, Prof. (Dr.) S. S. Chorage,
“Fingerprint Based Attendance Monitoring System Using Android Application.”

International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Science, vol.3,issue 5, pp.6-8,
2018
14. V. Somasundaram, M. Kannan, V. Sriram, “Mobile Based Attendance
Management System.” Indian Journal of Science and Technology,vol 9,2016
41
15. Riya Lodhaa, Suruchi Guptaa, Harshil Jaina and Harish Narulaa, “Bluetooth
Smart based Attendance Management System,” in Proc.ICACTA, 2015,

pp.524527
16. Vishal Bhalla,Tapodhan Singla,Ankit Gallot and Vilay Gupta, “Bluetooth based
Attendance Management System.” International Journal of Innovations in
Engineering and Technology, vol.3, Issue 1, October 2013
17. Mohd Helmy Abd Wahab, Ariffin Abdul Mutalib, Herdawatie Abdul Kadir and
Mohamad Farhan Mohamad Mohsin,“Design and Development of Portable
RFID for Attendance System”, 2010, pp.173-178
18. Dania Eridani and Eko Didika Diponegoro, “Simulation of Attendance

Application on Campus based on RFID (Radio Frequency Identifiation),” in
Proc.ICITACEE, 2015, pp.460-463
19. N. Galy, B. Charlot, and B. Courtois, “A Full Fingerprint Verification System for
a Single-Line Sweep Sensor.” IEEE Sensors Journal, 7(7), pp. 1054, 2007.
20. A.K. Jain, J. Feng, and K. Nandakumar, “Fingerprint Matching.” Computer,

43(2), pp. 36-44, 2010.
21. Puchong Subpratatsavee and Narinwat Pubpruankun, “A Design and

Implementation of Attendance System Using Smallest Wireless Fingerprint with
Arduino Yún Embedded Board Puchong.” Applied Mechanics and Materials,
vols.752-753, pp.1057-1061, 2015
22. Pengtao Yang, Guiling Sun, Jingfei He, Peiyao Zhou and Jiangjiang Liu, “A
Student Information Management System Based on Fingerprint Identification and
Data Security Transmission.” Hindawi Journal of Electrical and Computer
Engineering, vol 2017, pp.1-6, September 2017.
42
23. Esther Rani.D and Dr. J. John Raybin Jose, “Fingerprint based biometric
authentication.” International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile
Computing, vol.5, Issue 9, pp. 6-15, September 2016
24. Xudong Jiang, Wei Yun Yau and Wee Ser, “Fingerprint Image Processing for
Automatic Verification,” in Proc. IEEE 2nd International Conference on
Information, Communication & Signal Processing,1999,pp.1-5
25. Adewole K.S, Abdulsalam S.O, Babatunde R.S, Shittu T.M and Oloyede M.O,
“Development of Fingerprint Biometric Attendance System for Non-Academic

Staff in a Tertiary Institution.” Computer Engineering and Intelligent Systems,
vol.5, pp.62-70 2014
26. Zhenya Sun and Zhendong Gao, “Design and Development of Computer Rank
Examination Management System for Colleges and Universities.” Applied
mechanics and materials, vols.556-562, pp.6746-6749
43
APPENDICES
Appendix A
1. Registration.py
44
45
Appendix B
1. Soliworks
46
47
48
Appendix C
Tkinter GUI
49
50
Technical Specifications GT-521F52
CPU ARM Cortex M3 Cortex
Sensor optical
Window 16.9mm x 12.9mm
Effective Area of the Sensor 14mm x 12.5mm
Image Size 258x202 Pixels
Resolution 450 dpi
Max # of Fingerprints 200 / 3000
Matching Mode 1:1, 1:N
496 Bytes(template) + 2 Bytes
Size of Template
(checksum)
UART (Default: 9600 baud) and USB
Serial Communication
v2.0 (Full Speed)
False Acceptance Rate (FAR) < 0.001%
False Rejection Rate (FRR) < 0.01%
Enrollment Time < 3 sec (3 fingerprints)
Identification Time <1.5
Operating Voltage 3.3V ~ 6Vdc
Operating Current < 130mA
Touch Operating Voltage 3.3Vdc
Touch Operating Current < 3mA
Touch Standby Current < μ5
Appendix D
1. Index.php code
51
<html>
<head>
<title>SLIIT FACULTY OF ENGINEERING </title>
<font face="Helvetica">
<h1 style=" margin:70 0 0 200; color:#0B2161 " ><b> SRI LANKA INSTITUTE OF
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY</b> </h1>
<h1 style="color:#0B3B2E;margin:20 0 0 470"> FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
</h1>
<h2 style="color:#0B3B2E;margin: 20 0 0 520"> Module Registration Site </h2>
<img src="c.png" alt="Sliit Logo" style="margin:-170 0 0
80 ;height:100px;width:100px">
</head>
<body style="background:url(Ayesha1.jpg);background-size:100%
100%;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-attachment:fixed">
<form action="Administrator.php" method="get" >
<button type = "submit" style="margin:275 0 0 275 ;width:350; font-size:10;
background-color:#58ACFA;padding:5px 5px;border-radius:20px;border: 4px solid
black;cursor: pointer;text-shadow: 1px 1px #01DFA5" ><h1>ADMINISTRATOR
LOGIN</h1> </button>
</form>
<form action="Selection.php" method="get">
<button type = "submit" style="margin:-113 0 0 700 ;width:350; font-size:10;
background-color:#58ACFA;padding:5px 5px;border-radius:20px;border: 4px solid
black;cursor: pointer;text-shadow: 1px 1px #01DFA5" ><h1>STUDENT
LOGIN</h1></button>
</form>
</body>
</html>
2. Selection.php code
<html>
<body style="font-size:20;font-face:Helvetica;background:url(k.jpg);margin:100 300
300 300;border:1px solid black;border-width:3px">
<form action="Years.php" method="POST" style="margin:20 0 0 20">
<P><b> SELECT THE YEAR YOU WANT TO REGISTER..</b> </p>
<input type="radio" name="chooseone" value="year1" / >YEAR 1 <br></br>
<input type="submit" value="SUBMIT" style="background-color:#A9D0F5;font-
size:15;margin:0 0 0 20;padding:5px 5px;border-radius:6px;border: 1px solid black">
</form>
<form>
<input type="button" value="<<BACK" onclick="history.back()" style="margin:10 0
0 38;font-size:15;background-color:#A9D0F5;padding:5px 5px;border-
radius:6px;border: 1px solid black">
</form>
</body> </html> 44
52
3. Years.php code
<html>
<body style="margin:10 10 0 50;background:url(k.jpg);border: 3px solid
black;border-width:3px">
<?php
$x= $_POST['chooseone'];
if ($x == "year1"){
echo "<form action='/cgi-bin/registration1.py' method='post'style='margin:40 0 0 50'
>";
echo "<font color = 'black'>";
echo "<font face='Helvetica'>";
echo "<b>ENTER YOUR REGISTRATION NUMBER:</b><br></br>";
echo "<input type='text' placeholder='Enter your Registration Number Here..'
name='val2' style='height:25;width:500' Required><br></br>";
echo "<br></br>";
echo "<br></br>";
echo "<h2>CLICK BUTTON TO ENTER YOUR FINGER PRINT >> </h2>";
echo "<img src='d.jpg' alt='Finger-print' style=' margin:-60 0 0
700;height:180px;width:180px'>";
echo "<input type='submit' value='SCAN THE FINGER' style='margin:-70 0 0 -
170;height:50;width:150; background-color:#A9BCF5;border-radius:10px;border:
1px solid black;border-width:2'>";
echo "<br></br>";
echo "<p> <font color='red'> Important: </p>";
echo "<p><b> If you are right handed,please keep your right on the finger print
scanner when white light of the scanner blows up.</b></p>";
echo "<p><b> If you are left handed,please keep your left thumb on the finger print
echo "</form>";
echo "<form>";
echo "<input type='button' value='<<BACK ' onclick='history.back()' style='margin:0
0 0 900;font-size:15;background-color:#A9D0F5;padding:5px 5px;border:1px solid
black;border-radius:3px'>";
echo "</form>";
}
if ($x == "year2"){
>";
echo "<br></br>";
53
echo "<br></br>";
echo "<p><b> If you are right handed,please keep your right thumb twice on the
finger print scanner when red light of the scanner blows up.</b></p>";
echo "<p><b> If you are left handed,please keep your left thumb twice on the finger
print scanner when red light of the scanner blows up.</b></p>";
echo "</form>";
echo "<form>"; 45 echo "<input type='button' value='<<BACK'
onclick='history.back()' style='margin:0 0 0 900;font-size:15;background-
color:#A9D0F5;padding:5px 5px;border-radius:10px;border:1px solid black'>";
echo "</form>";
}
if ($x == "year3"){
>";
echo "<br></br>";
echo "<br></br>";
echo "<br></br>";
echo "<p><b> If you are right handed,please keep your right thumb twice on the
finger print scanner when red light of the scanner blows up.</b></p>";
echo "<p><b> If you are left handed,please keep your left thumb twice on the finger
print scanner when red light of the scanner blows up.</b></p>";
echo "</form>";
echo "<form>";
echo "<input type='button' value='<<BACK' onclick='history.back()' style='margin:0
0 0 900;font-size:15;background-color:#A9D0F5;padding:5px 5px;border:1px solid
black;border-radius:3px'>";
echo "</form>";
}
if ($x == "year4"){
echo "<form action='/cgi-bin/registration.py' method='post'style='margin:40 0 0 50'
>";
54
echo "<br></br>";
echo "<br></br>";
echo "<h2> CLICK BUTTON TO ENTER YOUR FINGER PRINT >> </h2>";
echo "<br></br>";
echo "<p><b> If you are right handed,please keep your right thumb on the finger print
echo "<p><b> If you are left handed,please keep your left thumb on the finger print
echo "</form>";
onclick='history.back()' style='margin:0 0 0 900;font-size:15;background-
color:#A9D0F5;padding:5px 5px;border:1px solid black;border-radius:3px'>";
echo "</form>";
}
?>
</body>
</html>
4. Administrator.php code
<html>
<body style="background:url(k.jpg);margin:100 200 200 300;border: 1px solid
black;border-width:2 ">
<font size="3">
<h2 style="margin:20 0 0 50"> Please Enter your password and username to
continue.. </h2>
<form action="Administrator2.php" method="post">
<P style="margin:20 0 0 250;font-size:16;font-color:blue"> <b>USERNAME</b>
</p>
<input type="text" name="username" style="margin:-24 0 0 370; font-
size:15;border:1px solid black" placeholder="Enter Your User name here" required
/><br></br>
<p style="margin: 20 0 0 250;font-size:16;font-color:blue">
<b>PASSWORD</b></p>
<input type="password" name="pwd" style="margin:-24 0 0 370; font-
size:15;border:1px solid black" placeholder="Enter Your Password" required />
<br></br>
<input type="submit" value="SUBMIT" id="button" style="margin:10 0 0
600;background-color:#A9D0F5;font-size:15;padding:6px 6px;border-
radius:6px;border: 2px solid black"/>
55
</form>
<form>
<input type="button" value="<<BACK" onclick="history.back()" style="margin:0 0 0
600;font-size:15;background-color:#A9D0F5;border-radius:6px;border: 2px solid
black;padding:6px 6px">
</form>
</body></html>
5. Administrator2.php code
<html>
black;border-width:2">
<font size="4">
<?php
$x= $_POST["pwd"];
if($x == "1234"){
echo "<form action='Administrator3_1.php' method='POST' style='margin:20 10 10
20'>";
echo"<P><b> SELECT THE YEAR YOU WANT TO CHECK ATTENDANCE /
STATISTICAL DATA... </b> </p>";
echo"<input type='radio' name='chooseone' value='year1' / >YEAR 1 <br></br>";
echo "<input type='radio' name='chooseone' value='year2' / >YEAR 2 <br></br>";
echo"<input type='radio' name='chooseone' value='year3' / >YEAR 3 <br></br>";
echo "<input type='radio' name='chooseone' value='year4' / >YEAR 4 <br></br>";
echo "<input type='submit' value='SUBMIT' style='background-color:#A9D0F5;font-
size:15;margin:0 0 0 100;padding:6px 6px;border-radius:6px;border: 2px solid
black' />";
echo "</form>";
echo "<form>"; 47 echo " <input type='button' value='<<BACK'
onclick='history.back()' style='margin:-55 0 0 20;font-size:15;background-
color:#A9D0F5;padding:6px 6px;border-radius:6px;border: 2px solid black'>";
echo "</form>";
}
else{
echo "<p style='margin:20 20 20 50;font-size:20'> wrong password!!</p>";
echo "<form>";
echo " <input type='button' value='TRY AGAIN' onclick='history.back()'
style='margin:20 0 0 45;font-size:15;background-color:#A9D0F5;padding:6px
6px;border-radius:6px;border:2px solid black'>";
echo "</form>";
}
?>
</body>
</html>
6. Administrator3_1.php code
<html>
<body style="font-size:20;background:url(k.jpg);margin:100 200 200
200;border:30px solid black;border-width:3px">
56
<font size="4">
<?php
$y= $_POST["chooseone"];
if ($y == "year4"){
echo "<form action='Administrator4_1.php' method='POST' style='margin:20 0 0
20'>";
echo "<P><b> SELECT THE SEMESTER YOU WANT TO CHECK
ATTENDANCE / STATISTICAL DATA...</b> </p>";
echo "<input type='radio' name='chooseone' value='Semester 1' / >Semester 1
<br></br>";
echo "<input type='radio' name='chooseone' value='Semester 2' / >Semester 2
<br></br>";
black'>";
echo "</form>";
}
echo "<form>";
echo "<input type='button' value='<<BACK' onclick='history.back()' style='margin:-
45 0 0 30;font-size:15;background-color:#A9D0F5;padding:6px 6px;border-
radius:6px;border:2px solid black'>";
echo "</form>";
?>
</body> </html>
7. Administrator4_1.php
<html>
<body style="font-size:20;background:url(k.jpg);margin:100 300 300
300;border:30px solid black;border-width:3px">
<font size="4">
<?php
$y= $_POST["chooseone"];
if ($y == "Semester 1"){
echo "<form action='Administrator5.php' method='POST' style='margin:20 0 0 20'>";
echo "<P><b> SELECT THE MODULE YOU WANT TO CHECK
ATTENDANCE..</b> </p>";
echo "<input type='radio' name='chooseone' value='ME4070' / >Production and
Operations Management(ME4070) <br></br>"; 48 echo "<input type='radio'
name='chooseone' value='ADD' / >Computer Aided Design and Manufacture(ADD)
<br></br>";
echo"<input type='radio' name='chooseone' value='ADD' / >Industrial Management
and Marketing(ADD) <br></br>";
echo "<input type='radio' name='chooseone' value='ADD' / >Advanced Automation
Systems(ADD) <br></br>";
echo "<input type='radio' name='chooseone' value='ADD' / >Object Oriented
Programming for Electrical Engineers(ADD) <br></br>";
echo "<input type='radio' name='chooseone' value='ADD' / >Mechatronic Engineering
Project I(ADD) <br></br>";
57
echo "<P><b> SELECT BELOW FOR STATISTICAL DATA..</b> </p>";
echo "<input type='radio' name='chooseone' value='Data' / >STATISTICAL DATA
<br></br>";
black'>";
echo "</form>";
}
if ($y == "Semester 2"){
echo "<P><b> SELECT THE MODULE YOU WANT TO CHECK
ATTENDANCE..</b> </p>";
echo "<input type='radio' name='chooseone' value='ME4180' / >Industrial
Engineering(ME4180) <br></br>";
echo "<input type='radio' name='chooseone' value='ME4130' / >Professional
Practice(ME4130) <br></br>";
echo "<input type='radio' name='chooseone' value='EC4481' / >Computer Vision &
Image Processing(EC4481) <br></br>";
echo "<input type='radio' name='chooseone' value='ME4540' / >Robotics
Technology(ME4540) <br></br>";
echo "<input type='radio' name='chooseone' value='ME4220' / >Automotive
Engineering(ME4220) <br></br>";
echo "<P><b> SELECT BELOW FOR STATISTICAL DATA..</b> </p>";
echo "<input type='radio' name='chooseone' value='Data' / >STATISTICAL DATA
<br></br>";
black'>";
echo "</form>";
}
echo "<form>";
echo "</form>";
?>
</body>
</html>
8. Administrator5.php
<HTML>
black;border-width:2">
<font size="4">
<font face="Helvetica"><html>
<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "root";
$password = "Ayesha";
$Database_in_use = "Year4_Electrical";
58
// Getting connected with database
$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password,$Database_in_use );
// Check connection
if ($conn->connect_error) { 49 die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);
}
$x= $_POST['chooseone'];
if ($x == "ME4070"){
$sql = "SELECT Position_Number,Registration_Number,Student_Name,Attendance
FROM ME4070";
$result = $conn->query($sql);
if($result->num_rows > 0){
echo "DATE: " . date("Y/m/d") . "<br>";
echo "Time: " . date("h:i:sa");
echo "<br></br>";
echo "<TABLE bgcolor='#EFFBF8' border-color= 'gray' BORDER='1'
WIDTH='100%' CELLPADDING='1' CELLSPACING='5' ALIGN='CENTRE'>";
echo "<TR>";
echo" <TH COLSPAN='4'><BR><H3>ATTENDANCE LIST OF ME4070
</H3></T>";
echo "</TR>";
echo "<TR>";
echo "<TH>NO</TH>";
echo "<TH>REGISTRATION NUMBER</TH>";
echo "<TH>STUDENT NAME</TH>";
echo "<TH>ATTENDANCE</TH>";
echo "</TR>";
while($row = $result->fetch_assoc()){
echo "<TD>" . $row['Position_Number']."</TD>";
echo "<TD>" . $row['Registration_Number']."</TD>";
echo "<TD>" . $row['Student_Name']."</TD>";
echo "<TD>" . $row['Attendance']."</TD>";
echo "</TR>";
}
}
echo "</TABLE>";
echo "<form action='Administrator9.php' method='POST' style='margin:20 0 0
1100'>";
echo "<input type='submit' value='CLEAR' style='margin:23 0 0 0;font-
size:15;background-color:#A9D0F5;padding:6px 6px;border-radius:6px;border:2px
solid black'>";
echo "</form>";
echo "<form>";
echo "<input type='button' value='PRINT' onclick='window.print()' style='margin:-46
0 0 1180;font-size:15;background-color:#A9D0F5;padding:6px 6px;border-
echo "</form>";
echo "<form>";
radius:6px;border: 2px solid black'>";
59
echo "</form>";
}
if ($x == "ADD"){
FROM ADD";
echo "<br></br>"; 50 echo "<TABLE bgcolor='#EFFBF8' border-color= 'gray'
BORDER='1' WIDTH='100%' CELLPADDING='1' CELLSPACING='5'
ALIGN='CENTRE'>";
echo "<TR>";
echo" <TH COLSPAN='4'><BR><H3>ATTENDANCE LIST OF ADD </H3></T>";
echo "</TR>";
echo "<TR>";
echo "<TH>NO</TH>";
echo "</TR>";
echo "</TR>";
}
}
echo "</TABLE>";
1100'>";
solid black'>";
echo "</form>";
echo "<form>";
echo "</form>";
echo "<form>";
echo "</form>";
}
if ($x == "ADD"){
FROM ADD";
60
echo "<br></br>";
WIDTH='100%' CELLPADDING='1' CELLSPACING='5' ALIGN='CENTRE'>";
echo "<TR>";
echo "</TR>";
echo "<TR>";
echo "<TH>NO</TH>";
echo "<TH>ATTENDANCE</TH>"; 51 echo "</TR>";
echo "</TR>";
}
}
echo "</TABLE>";
1100'>";
solid black'>";
echo "</form>";
echo "<form>";
echo "</form>";
echo "<form>";
echo "</form>";
}
if ($x == "ADD"){
FROM ADD";
echo "<br></br>";
61
WIDTH='100%'CELLPADDING='1' CELLSPACING='5' ALIGN='CENTRE'>";
echo "<TR>";
echo "</TR>";
echo "<TR>";
echo "<TH>NO</TH>";
echo "</TR>";
echo "</TR>";
}
}
echo "</TABLE>"; 52 echo "<form action='Administrator9.php' method='POST'
style='margin:20 0 0 1100'>";
solid black'>";
echo "</form>";
echo "<form>";
echo "</form>";
echo "<form>";
echo "</form>";
}
if ($x == "ADD"){
FROM ADD";
echo "<br></br>";
echo "<TR>";
echo "</TR>";
echo "<TR>";
62
echo "<TH>NO</TH>";
echo "</TR>";
echo "</TR>";
}
}
echo "</TABLE>";
1100'>";
solid black'>";
echo "</form>";
echo "<form>";
echo "</form>";
onclick='history.back()' style='margin:-61 0 0 1000;font-size:15;background-
color:#A9D0F5;padding:6px 6px;border-radius:6px;border: 2px solid black'>";
echo "</form>";
}
if ($x == "ADD"){
FROM ADD";
echo "<br></br>";
echo "<TR>";
echo "</TR>";
echo "<TR>";
echo "<TH>NO</TH>";
echo "</TR>";
63
echo "</TR>";
}
}
echo "</TABLE>";
1100'>";
solid black'>";
echo "</form>";
echo "<form>";
echo "</form>";
echo "<form>";
echo "</form>";
}
if ($x == "Data"){
echo "<P><b> SELECT THE MODULE YOU WANT TO CHECK STATISTICAL
DATA..</b> </p>";
echo "<input type='radio' name='chooseone' value='ME4070' / >Production and
Operations Management(ME4070) <br></br>"; 54
64
echo "<input type='radio' name='chooseone' value='ADD' / >Computer Aided Design
and Manufacture(ADD) <br></br>";
echo"<input type='radio' name='chooseone' value='ADD' / >Industrial Management
and Marketing(ADD) <br></br>";
echo "<input type='radio' name='chooseone' value='ADD' / >Advanced Automation
Systems(ADD) <br></br>";
echo "<input type='radio' name='chooseone' value='ADD' / >Object Oriented
Programming for Electrical Engineers(ADD) <br></br>";
echo "<input type='radio' name='chooseone' value='ADD' / >Mechatronic Engineering
Project I(ADD) <br></br>";
black'>";
echo "</form>";
echo "<form>";
echo "</form>";
}
?>
</body>
</html>
65

Individual Project (ENGD3800)

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INDIVIDUAL PROJECT

FINAL PROJECT REPORT

STUDENT REGISTRATION : P2623489

“Development of mobile device for attendance management through biometric

At present SKILLS COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY (SCOT) uses a conventional

A Raspberry pi based customized system will be developed to control the device.

1.2 Statement of the Problem.....................................................................................................................

1.3 Objective of the Research......................................................................................................................

1.5 Organization of the thesis......................................................................................................................

3.2.1 Fingerprint Preprocessing and Minutiae extraction................................................12

3.2.3 Development of a database server to store student data..............................................17

3.2.4 Implementing GUI (Graphical user interface) for generate summary.....................18

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION......................................................................................

4.1 MySQL database..................................................................................................................................

4.3 GUI (Graphical User Interface).............................................................................................................

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENTATIONS.............................................................

5.2 Outcome of this Project.......................................................................................................................

5.3 Future Work and Expectations.............................................................................................................

Figure 1 Communication Architecture of the Developed System.........................................2

GUI Graphical User Interface

Every organization whether it be an educational institution or business organization, it

Fingerprint attendance system aims to automate the attendance procedure of an

The main aim is to develop an automated attendance management device to replace

Graphical User Interface of MySQL Database

Apache Server USB Converter

Web Server Finger Print Scanner

Kivy Software PHPMy Admin

Micro USB port

Figure 2 Appearance of Final portable device(Without dimensions)

1.2 Statement of the Problem

1.3 Objective of the Research

 Develop an automated system for managing examinations at Skills College

There are mainly four scopes in this project. They are,

1. Fingerprint authentication & recognition.

Fingerprint authentication & recognition involves storing new fingerprint in scanners’

This system is a portable device which is designed to manage examinations at

1.5 Organization of the thesis

This thesis has been organized into seven chapters

Chapter 5 includes conclusion and recommendation, outcome form this project,

“The efficiency and reliability of the automatic biometric identification systems

This research is mainly focused on constructing a prototype of a device which can be

1. Fingerprint Preprocessing and Minutiae extraction.

3.2.1 Fingerprint Preprocessing and Minutiae extraction.

People have unique personal attributes. Biometrics is individual physiological

In this device, fingerprint verification is done using extraction of minutiae technique

Figure 3 Fingerprint recognition & authentication

Biometrics is the study of unique physical attributes of an individual. The most

Minutiae based fingerprint recognition is the most widely used technique of

Figure 4 General Attendance Register for an examination

“sudo apt install apache2”

To make raspberry pi web server dynamic PHP can be installed.PHP is a scripting

The installation of PHP in raspbian was done as follows.

“sudo apt install php php-mbstring”

To check whether PHP is working properly, below commands are used.

“echo “<? php phpinfo () ;> “> /var/www/html/index.php”

To ensure proper communication between MySQL database and Apache server

“sudo nano /etc/apache2/apache2.conf”

File is modified by adding below command at the end.

Process is completed through restarting of the apache service.

“sudo /etc/init. d/apache2 restart”

Figure 6. CGI Architecture diagram

The initial installation process of the CGI scripts is as follows.

Changing permission for cgi-directory