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    Diffraction is the bending of light around obstacles or into shadow regions. Joseph von Fraunhofer discovered diffraction patterns caused by interference between diffracted light waves. There are two types of diffraction - Fraunhofer diffraction where the source and screen are far from the obstacle and Fresnel diffraction where they are closer. A diffraction grating uses a series of parallel slits to diffract light into spectra based on the grating equation, with the distance between slits determining its resolving power to separate lines of nearly equal wavelengths.

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    Diffraction is the bending of light around obstacles or into shadow regions. Joseph von Fraunhofer discovered diffraction patterns caused by interference between diffracted light waves. There are two types of diffraction - Fraunhofer diffraction where the source and screen are far from the obstacle and Fresnel diffraction where they are closer. A diffraction grating uses a series of parallel slits to diffract light into spectra based on the grating equation, with the distance between slits determining its resolving power to separate lines of nearly equal wavelengths.

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    7 views23 pages

    DIFFRACTION

    Uploaded by

    Nsnsns
    Diffraction is the bending of light around obstacles or into shadow regions. Joseph von Fraunhofer discovered diffraction patterns caused by interference between diffracted light waves. There are two types of diffraction - Fraunhofer diffraction where the source and screen are far from the obstacle and Fresnel diffraction where they are closer. A diffraction grating uses a series of parallel slits to diffract light into spectra based on the grating equation, with the distance between slits determining its resolving power to separate lines of nearly equal wavelengths.

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    of 23

    DIFFRACTION

    Presented By

    Dr.Sreekanth G
    Diffraction
    3
    Definition

    The bending of light around corners (of obstacles) or the encroachment


    of light into the shadow region is called diffraction.

    It was found that diffraction, or bending of light round obstacles produced


    bright and dark fringes known as diffraction bands.

    Diffraction effects are produced only when a part of the incident wave front
    is cut off by the obstacle. The diffraction phenomenon is actually
    interference phenomenon caused by the diffracted light.
    Our hero of the day: Frauenhofer

    Joseph von Fraunhofer (6 March 1787 – 7 June 1826)


    Born in Straubing, Bavaria; became an orphan at the age of 11, and he started working
    as an apprentice to a harsh glassmaker named Philipp Anton Weichelsberger.
    8
    Fraunhofer Diffraction Fresnel diffraction

    1. Source and screen are far away from each 1. Source and screen are not far away from
    other each other
    2. Incident wavefronts on the diffraction 2. Incident wave fronts on the diffraction
    obstacles are plane obstacles are spherical or cylindrical.

    3. The diffracted wavefront is plane 3. The diffracted wavefront is either spherical or


    cylindrical.
    4. Plane diffracting wave fronts are converged 4. No convex lens is needed to converge
    by means of a convex lens to produce spherical wave fronts.
    diffraction pattern in laboratory

    5. Mathematical treatment is easy 5. Mathematical treatment is complicated.

    6. Diffraction maxima and minima are well 6. Diffraction maxima and minima are not well
    defined defined.

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    10
    12
    Circular Aperture

    13
    14
    Grating Equation

    Sinθ = Nnλ where N=no of lines per cm

    The space between lines act as slits and these slits


    diffract the light waves there by producing a large
    number of beams which interfere in such away to
    produce spectra.

    GRATING ELEMENT. ... Distance between two


    consecutive slits(lines) of a grating is called grating
    element.
    19
    Resolving Power

    Diffraction grating has ability to produce spectrum i.e., to


    separate the lines of nearly equal wavelengths and therefore it
    has resolving capability.

    20
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    Thank
    You

    23

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