NOUNS
Masculine Feminine Neuter
Ending in Ending in Ending in
a a
g 8 g
3 3 3
| cat H
Original Source (Prototype) Case Endings
(used for Nouns ending in consonants - Masculine& Feminine)
g| ah
Singular Dual Plural
~ 1) Subject a at a
2) Direct Object a at au
3) by / with at ar fa:
4) to / for Tv way ay:
5) from a ar my:
6) of /'s/s' a a: aT
7) in/ on/ at 3 ait: a
8) Direct address at a
Neuter
1) Subject 2) Direct Obj. oo
8) Direct Address s &
3-7) same as masc. / fem. above
‘Source endings, or elements of them will appear in all noun declensions on the following pages in
the colors given above - green blue _majenta -in the same positions as above. Class vowels - the
final sound of each noun, or here, the beginning sound of each ending- sometimes modified- will
be shown in black. Red = additional letters, not derived from the class vowel or source ending.Masculine Neuter
a a
‘The color diagram below shows how the endings for this noun class are derived from a combining
of the final vowel, here H, of all words in this class, with the original prototype endings. ( page!).
Whatever is given in black below represents the final 3 of the noun, either in its original form
or modified into HT TT. For example, the contained as the final sound of the word 7 ,
as part of the letter 7, is shown below in black incorporated and modified into the endings.
___ Singular
1) Subject
2) Direct Object
3) by / with
4) to/ for
5) from
6) of /'s/s"
T)in/on/at
1) Subject
2) Direct Object
3-7)
8) Direct address | 3 Tw | af |
*For example, see color Diagram 3 at the end of Lesson 3.Feminine
1) Subject
2) Direct Object |
Plural
3) by / with
4) to / for
5) from
6) of /'s/s'
7) in/on/ at
8) Direct address
Blue - represents standard feminine endings (expanded source endings)
Cases 4-7 singular only)
Example: FT story
Singular Dual Plural
1) Subject a ne
2) Direct Object [ Ca ey _
3) by / with eet | aT,
4) to/ for le Baa Baa
5) from were: | ere
6) of /'s/s' ware: | erat:
7)in/on/at aera | ae:
8) Direct address my wetFeminine
g
Singular Dual Plural
1) Subject [ g _ La _ ‘|
ec, eecnane kergatee ee
3) by / with mq Sar fu:
4) to / fors a | gam Set:
5) from a ot:
6) of /'s/s' | | arm
Tinfon/at | aL | |
8) Direct address s a:
Blue - represents standard feminine endings (expanded source endings) -
Cases 4-7 singular only)
Example: 7G iver
Singular
1) Subject
2) Direct Object
3) by / with
4) to / for
5) from
6) of /'s/s'
T)in/on/ at
8) Direct addressMasculine &
Singular Dual __ Plural
1) Subject | & is \igeen al
2) Direct Object a é A |
3) by / with | at sar fu:
4) to / for oy Sa ea:
5) from ut | sam ma: |
6) of /'s/s' | | at: | rr |
7) in/on/ at | at | at: yx |
8) Direct address Tu 3S wa:
Note & changing nt its long form 8; semivowel A 5 guna TW guna before vowels SA
Masculine 3
Singular Dual Plural
1) Subject sz $
2) Direct Object s
3) by / with say
4) to / for Da,
5) from Tar
6) of /'s/s! ar:
Tin /on/at at:
8) Direct address a
Note: J changing int its long form SK 5 semivowel 3 guna SAT ; guna before vowels TAL
s3rd person
2nd person
Ist person
3rd person
2nd person
Ist person.
3rd person
2nd person
Ist person
3rd person
2nd person
Ist person
Verbs
ist, 4th, 6th, 10th conjugations)
Parasmaipada
present
singular dual plural
sift wa: ata
af | a: aa
anf a aa:
past
wa | aT Ene
a aa wa
a ara art
imperative
FA ora | HAT | IT
A sera | HAL aa
af | aa at
potential
Tt | TTL em
& TL wd
TR a 7
63rd person
2nd person
Ist person.
3rd person
2nd person
Ist person
3rd person
2nd person
Ist person
3rd person
2nd person
Ist person
Verbs
(Ast, 4th, 6th, 10th conjugations)
Atmanepada
present
singular dual plural
aa wy mA
u wae ae
past
ger [eam | aay
w arate | arate
imperative
we [rear | Hea
t_ [erat | are
potential
mem: | rarer | Tea
wa__|rafe | we
7